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Coal and Petroleum

The document discusses coal, petroleum and natural gas as fossil fuels. It provides information on their formation processes, advantages as fuels, and uses. Key points include: - Coal forms from dead vegetation over millions of years in a process called carbonization where plant material is compressed and slowly converted to coal. - Petroleum forms from dead sea organisms that settled on the ocean floor and were subjected to high heat and pressure over millions of years underground. - Advantages of CNG and LPG include being clean burning fuels that can be transported via pipelines and provide a lot of heat energy.

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Dr. Shalini
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54 views3 pages

Coal and Petroleum

The document discusses coal, petroleum and natural gas as fossil fuels. It provides information on their formation processes, advantages as fuels, and uses. Key points include: - Coal forms from dead vegetation over millions of years in a process called carbonization where plant material is compressed and slowly converted to coal. - Petroleum forms from dead sea organisms that settled on the ocean floor and were subjected to high heat and pressure over millions of years underground. - Advantages of CNG and LPG include being clean burning fuels that can be transported via pipelines and provide a lot of heat energy.

Uploaded by

Dr. Shalini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COAL AND PETROLEUM

Question 1: What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels?
ANSWER: The advantages of using compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG) as fuels are:

(i) They can be burnt directly.

(ii) They can be transported easily through pipe lines.

(iii) They are clean fuels and do not give smoke when burnt.

(iv) They give a lot of heat energy when burnt.

Question 2: Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.


ANSWER: Bitumen, a petroleum product, is used for surfacing roads.

Question 3: Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process
called?
ANSWER:

Millions of years ago, dense forests got buried under the soil due to natural
processes like storms, floods, and earthquakes.

These got compressed as more and more soil got deposited over them.

When they got buried deep in the soil, they were exposed to very high pressure and
temperature.

Under these conditions, these slowly got converted into coal.

This process of formation of coal from dead vegetation is called carbonization.


Question 4: Fill in the banks.

(a) Fossil fuels are ________, ________ and _________.

(b) Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called _________.

(c) Least polluting fuel for vehicles is __________.


ANSWER:

(a) Fossil fuels are __coal__, __petroleum__ and __natural gas__.


(b) Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called __refining__.

(c) Least polluting fuel for vehicles is __compressed natural gas (CNG)__.
Question 5: Tick True/False against the following statements.

(a) Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. (T / F)

(b) CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol. (T / F)

(c) Coke is almost pure form of carbon. (T / F)

(d) Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. (T / F)

(e) Kerosene is not a fossil fuel. (T / F)


ANSWER:

(a) Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory. (F)

(b) CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol. (F)

(c) Coke is almost pure form of carbon. (T)

(d) Coal tar is a mixture of various substances. (T)

(e) Kerosene is not a fossil fuel. (F)


Question 6: Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.
ANSWER:

Fossil fuels require millions of years to form from the dead vegetation and animals that
get buried deep inside the Earth.

They require high temperature and pressure for their formation, which cannot be
provided in the laboratory.

Thus, fossils are limited. Therefore, the use of fossil fuels at this rate will lead to their
exhaustion.
Question 7: Describe characteristics and uses of coke.
ANSWER: Characteristics of coke are:

(i) Tough

(ii) Porous

(iii) Black in colour


(iv) Pure form of carbon

Uses of coke: (i) In manufacture of steel. (ii) In the extraction of metals (as a reducing
agent).
Question 8: Explain the process of formation of petroleum.
ANSWER:
Petroleum was formed from organisms living in the sea.
As these organisms died, their bodies settled at the bottom of the sea.
These bodies got covered with layers of sand and clay.
Over millions of years, in the absence of air, and under high temperature and
Pressure the dead bodies are converted into petroleum and natural gas..

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