Iota and its

powers
Powers of i (iota)
Powers of i (iota)
Powers of i (iota)

NOTE: Sum of any 4 consecutive power of iota = 0

Find the value of
Definition of
Complex
Numbers
Definition of Complex Numbers

Z=a+ib
Classification of Complex Numbers

Z=a+ib

Purely Real Purely Imaginary Imaginary

If b = 0 If a = 0 If b ≠ 0
Geometrical Representation of CN
Note :
Algebra of
Complex
Numbers
Algebra of CN :

If z1 = 3 + 4i and z2 = 2 - i then find

Equality of Complex Numbers :
Note:
If (m, n ∈ N), then the greatest common

divisor of the least values of m and n is _.

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The least positive integer n such that

is a positive integer, is.

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If the real part of the complex number z =

θ ∈ (0, π/2) is zero, then the value of sin2 3θ + cos2 θ is equal to

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Square Root of
Complex
Numbers
Square root of CN :

1.
#Shortcut
1. 2.

3. 4.
1. 2.

3. 4.
The imaginary part of can be

A. -√6
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B. -2√6

C. 6

D. √6
 Conjugate,
Modulus and
Argument
Conjugate of CN :

Replace i → -i
Conjugate of CN - Geometrical Meaning :
A. 244

B. 224

C. 245

D. 265
Modulus of CN :
Modulus of CN - Geometrical Meaning :
Distance Formula
Argument of CN :
Principle Argument of CN :

#Shortcut Method

𝜋-𝜶 𝜶

𝜶-𝜋 -𝜶
Principle Argument of CN :
Find Principal Argument :
Least Positive Argument :
JEE Main 2022
 Properties of
Modulus,
Conjugate and
Argument
Properties of Modulus
Properties of Conjugate
Properties of Argument :
Let a complex number be w = 1 - √3i. Let another complex number z
be such that |zw| = 1 and arg (z) - arg (w) = π/2. Then the area of the
triangle with vertices origin, z and w is equal to :
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A. 4

B. 1/2

C. 1/4

D. 2
A.
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B.

C.

D.
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JEE Main 2022
Representation
of Complex
Numbers
Representation of CN :

1. Cartesian Form
2. Polar Form / Trigonometric Form
3. Euler Form
4. Vector Form
Cartesian Form :
2. Trigonometric/polar form :
2. Trigonometric/polar form :
3. Exponential/Euler form :
Euler Identity
4. Vector Form :
Locus of z
Represent the Locus of z
Represent the Locus of z
Represent the Locus of z
Represent the Locus of z
Let S1, S2 and S3 be three sets defined as
S1 = {z ∈ C : |z - 1| ≤ √2}
S2 = {z ∈ C : Re(( 1 - i)z) ≥ 1 }
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S3 = {z ∈ C : Im(z) ≤ 1}
Then the set S1 ∩ S2 ∩ S3

A. Is a singleton

B. Has exactly two elements

C. Has infinitely many elements

D. Has exactly three elements

 De moivre’s
Theorem (DMT)
De moivre’s Theorem (DMT) :

# Statement - 1

# Statement - 2
De moivre’s Theorem (DMT) :
JEE Main 2020
JEE Main 2023
If (√3 + i)100 = 299 (p + iq), then p and q are roots of the equation :

A. x2 - (√3 - 1)x - √3 = 0
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B.
x2 + (√3 + 1)x + √3 = 0
C.
x2 + (√3 - 1)x - √3 = 0
D.
x2 - (√3 + 1)x + √3 = 0
Cube Root of
Unity
Cube root of unity :
Cube root of unity :
Cube root of unity :
Properties of Cube Root of Unity
Properties of Cube Root of Unity
The value of is :

A. JEE Main 2020

-215

B. 215 i

C. -215 i

D. 65
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If a and b are real numbers such that (2 + α)4 = a + bα, where
α = (-1 + i√3) / 2 , then a + b is equal to :

A. JEE Main 2020

9

B. 24

C. 33

D. 57
A. JEE Main 2020

B.

C.

D.
A. -1
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B. 1

C. 0

D.
(-1+2i)9
A. 0
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B. π/4

C. π/6

D.
π/3
A. 2
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B. -1

C. 0

D.
1
n th Root of Unity
nth root of unity :
nth root of unity :
Properties of nth Root of Unity
Properties of nth Root of Unity
Properties of nth Root of Unity
Properties of nth Root of Unity

(4) If all n roots of nth root of unity are plotted on argand plane, we get a
regular polygon of n sides
A. 4

B. 1

C. -4

D.
-1
JEE adv. 2015
Geometry of
Complex
Numbers
Distance Formula
What will they represent?
Section Formula
 Equation of
Straight Line
Equation of Straight Line

# Shortcut
General Equation of Straight Line

# Complex Slope
Parallel and Perpendicular Lines :

Let ω1 and ω2 be the complex slopes of two lines

(i) If ω1 = ω2 then lines are parallel
(ii) If ω1 + ω2 = 0 then lines are perpendicular.
Reflection of point in SL :

z1
#Method 1

Find the image of the point P(1 - i) in the line

#Method 2

Find the image of the point P(1 - i) in the line

Distance of point from Line :

z1
Let z = x + iy be a non-zero complex number such that z2 = i |z|2 ,
where i = √-1, then z lies on the :

A. JEE Main 2020

Line, y = -x

B. Imaginary axis

C. line , y = x

D. Real axis
Different Forms
of Eqn of Circles
Different Forms of Eqn of Circle :
Find the centre and radius of the circle :
If the equation represents a circle
and if a, d are real constants then which of the following condition is
correct ?
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A. |α|2 - ad ≠ 0

B. |α|2 - ad > 0 and a ∈ R - {0}

C. |α|2 - ad ≥ 0 and a ∈ R

D. α = 0, a, d ∈ R+
If for the complex number z satisfying | z - 2 - 2i | ≤ 1, the maximum
value of |3iz + 6| is attained at a + i b, then a + b is equal to.

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JEE Main 2022
Concept of
Rotation
Concept of Rotation :
Concept of Rotation :
Multiplication by -1, i, -i, ⍵ and -⍵
The area of the triangle with vertices A(z), B(iz) and C(z + iz) is :

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Important Result

If z1 , z2 , z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle then

z21 + z22 + z23 = z1z2 + z2z3 + z3z1

and if z0 is the circumcentre of the triangle then

3z20 = z2l + z22 + z23.
Let z1 , z2 be the roots of the equation z2 + az + 12 = 0 and z1, z2 form
an equilateral triangle with origin. Then, the value of lal is

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Standard Locus
involving
Argument
Standard Locus involving Argument
If S = , then :

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A. S contains exactly two elements.

B. S contains only one element.

C. S is a circle in the complex plane

D. S is a straight line in the complex plane

The equation arg (z - 1 / z + 1) = π /4 represents a circle with :

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A. Centre at (0, -1) and radius √2

B. Centre at (0, 1) and radius √2

C. Centre at (0, 0) and radius √2

D. Centre at (0, 1) and radius 2

A. Exactly at one point

B. Exactly at two points

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C. Nowhere

D. At infinitely many points

Standard Locus
Involving
Modulus
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Let z and w be two complex numbers such that

and Re(w) has minimum value. Then,

the
minimum value of n ∈ N for which wn is real, is equal to ____
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A.

B.

C. JEE Main 2022

D.
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If z is a complex number satisfying the equation | z + i | + | z - i | = 8, on
the complex plane then maximum value of | z | is
A. 2

B. 4

C. 6

D. 8