Scribd
Upload
91 views

1 Review: PHONETICS - PART 2 - September 6, 2005

This document summarizes phonetics and places of articulation for consonant sounds. It discusses different classes of sounds like sonorants, syllabic sounds, and manners of articulation for consonants including stops, fricatives, affricates, and other manners. Tables provide examples of consonants categorized by their place and manner of articulation in English.

Uploaded by

Kamolpan Jammapat
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
91 views

1 Review: PHONETICS - PART 2 - September 6, 2005

This document summarizes phonetics and places of articulation for consonant sounds. It discusses different classes of sounds like sonorants, syllabic sounds, and manners of articulation for consonants including stops, fricatives, affricates, and other manners. Tables provide examples of consonants categorized by their place and manner of articulation in English.

Uploaded by

Kamolpan Jammapat
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

PHONETICS - PART 2 - September 6, 2005

1 Review
Sound classes
• sonorants: vowels + glides + some consonants
• syllabic sounds: vowels + syllabic consonants (m, l, n, etc.)
• long sounds: vowels
• shorter sounds: glides, consonants
• voiced sounds: vowels, English glides, and some consonants
• voiceless sounds: some consonants, non-English glides

2 The articulatory system


Places of articulation and the tongue

3 Places of articulation
Places of articulation

1
Lips Bilabial [p]it, [b]it, [m]at
Labiodental [f]it, [v]oid
Teeth Dental French [t], [d], [s], [z]
Interdental [D]ere, [T]eorem
Alveolar Alveolar [t]ip, [d]am, [s]it, [z]ip, [l]ip, [n]ip;
ridge Spanish [r]
(Hard) Alveopalatal [S]ow, mea[Z]ure, [Ù]ip, ju[Ã]e
Palate Palatal [j]es
Velum Velar [k]all, [g]uy, ha[N]
Labiovelar [w]et
Glottis Glottal [h]eave

Table 1: English consonants by place of articulation

Other places of articulation

• French uvular [r]


• Regular alveolar [t] versus Alveolar flap [R]
• Arabic pharyngeals

4 Manner of articulation
Manner of articulation - oral vs. nasal

• oral: velum is raised


• nasal: velum is lowered - su[n], su[m], su[N], b[æ]nk, w[I]nk

Major consonant manners of articulation

• stops: complete closure in the oral cavity or glottis - aspirated stops: if there is a
lag in the onset of voicing after the pronunciation of a stop, we get an aspirated
stop - English: only word-initial voiceless stops followed by a vowel are aspirated
Example 1. [ph ] at, [k h ]at, [th ]ap
• fricatives: continuous air flow through the mouth
• affricates: slow/delayed release of closure

English stops by place of articulation

2
Place of articulation Voiceless Voiced Nasal
Bilabial [p]ot [b]at [m]at
Alveolar [t]ap [d]am [n]ap
Velar [k]it [g]et bri[N]
Glottal [P]h-oh

Table 2: English stops by place of articulation

English fricatives by place of articulation

Place of articulation Voiceless Voiced


Labiodental [f]ox [v]at
Interdental [T]eorem [D]ere
Alveolar [s]ap [z]ap
Alveopalatal [S]irt mea[Z]ure
Glottal [h]orse

Table 3: English fricatives by place of articulation

English affricates by place of articulation

Place of articulation Voiceless Voiced


Alveopalatal [Ù]chip ju[Ã]e

Table 4: English affricates by place of articulation

Other manners of articulation

• stridents/sibilants: noisier affricates and fricatives (includes voiceless sounds)


• liquids: [l], [r] - varieties of [l]: laterals; usually voiced; dental or alveolar -
English [r] = retroflex [ô] - flap (alveolar): butter [b2R@ô]
• glides: rapidly articulated, non-syllabic segments - palatal [j] - labiovelar [w]
• syllabic consonants - English liquids and nasals (sonorants) can under certain
circumstances become syllabic - e.g. funnel [f2nl], button [b2tn]
" "
Strident and non-stridents by place and manner of articulation

3
Place/Manner of articulation Strident Non-strident
Labiodental fricatives [f], [v]
Interdental fricatives [T], [D]
Alveolar fricatives [s], [z]
Alveopalatal fricatives [S], [Z]
Alveopalatal affricates [Ù], [Ã]
Glottal fricative [h]

Table 5: English stridents among fricatives and affricates

5 Summary
Summary

• the articulatory sytem


• places of articulation for consonants
• manners of articulation for consonants: stops (+aspiration), fricatives, affricates
• other manners of articulation: stridents, liquids, glides

Sources
- for samples of non-English consonants: http://hctv.humnet.ucla.edu/departments/linguistics/VowelsandConsonants/course/contents.html

- varieties of pharyngeal sounds can be found in this presentation http://ling.ucsd.edu/~rose/Semitic%20Languages/Phonetics.ppt - regular alveolar

[t] versus alveolar flap [R] http://www.antimoon.com/sound/letter_t.mp3 http://www.antimoon.com/sound/letter_flap.mp3

You might also like