Content

Grammar: Present Simple and Continuous ............................................................................................ 3

Simple Present..................................................................................................................................... 3

General Spelling Rules: ................................................................................................................. 4

The simple present tense is used: ....................................................................................................6

Present continuous ............................................................................................................................. 6

The USE of the Present Continuous: ................................................................................................8

Thing that are happening now .........................................................................................................8

Temporary events ............................................................................................................................8

A new pattern or habit .....................................................................................................................8

Future plans......................................................................................................................................8

Part 1 : Grammar ..................................................................................................................................... 9

I. Past Simple ....................................................................................................................................... 9

41 ................................ II. PAST CONTINUOUS

41......... - The Use of the Past Continuous -

41 ........................ Present Perfect Continuous

41........................ Present perfect: The Use

14 .................................. Part1: Past Perfect

11.............................. Past perfect: The Use

12 ......... Part 2 : Past Perfect Continuous

11 ......... Grammar: Reported Speech (Part 1)

11........................................ Simple Present

11................................ Present Continuous

11 ......... Grammar: Reported Speech (Part 2)

11..............................................Simple Past

12...................................... Past Continuous

23 ......... Grammar: Reported Speech (Part 3)

1
23....................................... Present Perfect

24.................... Present Perfect Continuous

24............................................. Past Perfect

22 ............................ Grammar: Passive Voice

22................. Present Simple & Continuous

21................... Past Simple and Continuous

21....................................... Present Perfect

23.......................................... Future Simple

21 .......................................... Grammar Notes

21................................... Be going to + verb

21............................................... Will + verb

22.................................................... Modals

2
 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Semester 1 – Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Grammar: Present Simple and Continuous

Part one : Tenses,

Simple Present
Affirmative form
Activity 1: Examine the following sentences and select the right
tense: past simple- present continuous – present simple
1. I read a sci-fi novel.
2. She drives to school .
3. You play piano very well.
4. I am a senior student.
Activity 2: select the right form of the simple present

The form of simple present is :

1. Subject + verb
2. Subject + verb + ing

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 Activity 3: Put the following verbs into the present simple form :

Subject pronouns to watch To have To visit

Activity 4: true or false

1. In the simple present we add 's' , 'es' or 'ies' at the end of the verb
General Spelling Rules:

For most verbs we add -s to the base form to make the she, he, it (third person
singular) form:

come → comes order → orders travel → travels

eat → eats record → records walk → walks
move → moves

For other verbs, the spelling changes are:

she, he,
verb
it
watch watches
miss misses
When the verb ends in -ch, -ss, -sh, -x or -zz, we add -es. wash washes
mix mixes
buzz buzzes
hurry hurries
When the verb ends in a consonant + -y we change y to i and
add -es. study studies
reply replies
pay pays
But when the verb ends in a vowel + -y we just add -s.
enjoy enjoys
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 she, he,
verb
it
have has
go goes
Have, go, do and be are irregular.
do does
be is

Negative form
Activity 1: choose the right negative forms of the verbs in simple
present
1. I not do like TV.
2. I do not like TV.
3. I don't like TV.
4. I do like not TV.
Activity 2: Put the verbs into the negative form.

I I like summer .

You Read stories

He-she-it Travels by car .

We-you-they Go to the cinema

Activity 3: true or false

1. The negative form of the simple present is:

Subject + do or does +not+ verb in the infinitive
Activity 4

5
 Subjects Affirmative form Negative form

I Do not like orange.

You You work all the time

He-she-it Does not play tennis

The simple present tense is used:

To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations,

emotions and wishes:
I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large city
(general truth)
To give instructions or directions:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
To express fixed arrangements, present or future:
Your exam starts at 09.00
To express future time, after some conjunctions: after, when, before, as soon as,
until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.

NB. Present Simple DOES NOT express actions happening NOW.

Present continuous
Affirmative form

Activity1

What is he doing

1. He read a book now.

2. He reads a book now.
3. He is reading a book now.
6
Activity 2.

The form of present continuous is :

1. Subject + verb
2. Subject + verb + ing

Activity 3: Complete the rule with '' simple present'', '' present
continuous ''
We use the ………………………….. to talk about regular activities , and
the …………………………. To say what is happening now

Activity 4: Put the verbs into the negative form.

I am speaking .

You Are playing tennis

He-she-it Is having lunch

We-you-they Are waiting for the

bus

Form of the Negative form of the Present Continuous is: __________

_________________________________________________________________

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The USE of the Present Continuous:

Thing that are happening now

Eg. “She is eating dinner right now and cannot answer the phone.”

Temporary events

It can be used for any temporary situation, no matter how long or short it is.

Eg. “He’s studying a new language at the moment.”

A new pattern or habit

It can be used to highlight the contrast between the old and new.

Eg. “These days, people are writing emails a lot less than they used to a few years ago.”

Future plans

When describing something that will take place in the future, the present continuous tense can
be used when you are discussing something that is already discussed or planned ahead.

Eg. “When we arrive at the airport, we are taking a private car to the hotel.”

Activity 5

Choose the correct answer

1. My brother …………………….. school at the moment. ( is going – goes)

2. My uncle …………………… watching TV. ( Is not liking- does not like )
3. My parents ………………. To stay with us every summer. (Come – are
coming)
4. My friend and I ……………… to the public library every week. (Go-
are going )
5. He always………………… videogames on Sundays. (Is playing- plays )

8
 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Part 1 : Grammar

I. Past Simple

9
I. Affirmative Form:
Activity 1:Examine the following sentences and select the right tense:
Present Simple - Past Simple – Present Continuous

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 1- I read a book last month.
2- She played football.
3- You travelled to the UK last week.
4- I went to work after school.
Activity 2: Check ( ) the right form of the Past Simple.
The form of the past simple is:
1- Subject + verb in the past.
2- Subject + verb + ing
Activity2: Complete
We use …………………………………. to speak about an action that
happened and finished in the past.
Activity 3: Put the following verbs into the Past Simple Form:

To eat To play To study To be

I –You-We –
They

He – She – It

II. Negative Form:

Activity 1: Choose the right negative forms of the verbs in past simple
1- I not did travel to Europe.
2- I did not travel to Europe.
3- I didn’t travel to Europe.
4- I did travel not Europe.
Activity 2: Put the verbs into the negative form.

I travelled abroad.

44
 you ate a sandwich.

He- she – it wrote a song.

We – you- they went to work.

Activity 3: True or False

 The negative form of the past simple is:
“ Subject + did + Not + Verb in the infinitive ”

Activity 4: Complete:

Subject Affirmative Form Negative Form

I played soccer

you didn’t smile

He – she- it had breakfast

We- you -they broke the car.

III. Interrogative Form:

Activity1: Circle the right interrogative form of the verbs in past

simple.

1- Did you go to school on time?

2- Did you went to school on time?
3- Did you stand there?
4- Did you stood there?

Activity2: Put the verbs to the interrogative form

I had medicine

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He – she - it played video games

We – you - they swore to never do it again

III. Practice:

Activity1: Complete

To Be in the Past

Positive Negative Question

I was.

Were you?

We ……….

They……….

He ……….

She ……….

It ……….

Activity2: choose the right form of Have in the past

Have- haved – haven – had - did

Activity 3: put the verb in past simple form

1- I (begin) ……………. Karate classes last week.

2- You (become) ………………. a lawyer.
3- She (draw) ……………………. a sketch last session.
4- I (read) ……………………. my favorite book chapter in class
last Monday.

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 II. PAST CONTINUOUS
-Affirmative, Negative, & Interrogative forms-

Activity1: select the right FORM of the following sentences:

Interrogative sentence – Negative Sentence – Affirmative Sentence

1- I was doing my homework yesterday.

……………………………………………..
2- I was not doing my homework yesterday.
……………………………………………..
3- Were you doing your home work yesterday?
……………………………………………..
4- Smith was watching a scary film.
……………………………………………..
5- Was Smith watching a scary film?
……………………………………………..
6- Smith was not watching a scary film.
……………………………………………..

Activity2: Complete:
1- Past Continuous Form for Affirmative sentences is:

…………………………….+ ……………………….+ ………………………+……………………..

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2- Past Continuous Form for Negative sentences: …………………………….+
…………………………….+ ………………+…………………….+.……………….
3- Past Continuous Form for Interrogative sentences:
…………………………….+ …………………………….+
…………………………+……………………..

Activity3: give the negative and interrogative form of the sentences:

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I was playing ………………………….. …………………………..

You were playing ………………………….. …………………………..

He was playing ………………………….. …………………………..

We were playing ………………………….. …………………………..

They were playing ………………………….. …………………………..

- The Use of the Past Continuous -

Activity1: Examine the following sentences:
a. I was doing my homework yesterday when the telephone rang.
b. Smith was watching a scary film when the light went off.

Activity2: Complete the following activity with the right answer:

1- In sentence number 1:

a. long action is ………………………………………………………………

41
 b. short action is ………………………………………………………………

2- In sentence number 2:

a. long action is ………………………………………………………………

b. short action is ………………………………………………………………

Activity3: Complete the rule:

We use the past continuous when we have a

…………………………………………………….. in the past which was interrupted by a

…………………………………………………….. in the past.

Activity4: Practice:

1- Sara (prepare) …………………………………………. dinner when her brother

came to the kitchen.

2- Smith (wash) …………………………………………… his car when the water

cut.

3- When Yasmeen (do) …………………………………………… her homework, the

light went off.

4- When I (watch) …………………………………………… a film, the phone (ring)

……………………………………………

5- Adam (type) …………………………………………… a letter for his friend,

when suddenly the door bell (ring) ……………………………………………

43
 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Present Perfect Continuous

Affirmative form

Activity1: Examine the following sentences and match them with the right tense:

A I have done my work 1 Simple past

B I worked on my language skills 2 Present continuous

C Mary is having a bad day 3 Present perfect

D The baby was sleeping 4 Past continuous

E We have been talking about the exams 5 Present Perfect continuous

Activity 2: Check the right form of the present perfect continuous:

a- I have been playing videogames all day.

b- Sarah has been writing code for the software since last night.
c- She has written some codes.
d- You haven’t been taking things seriously lately.

The form of the present perfect Continuous is as follows:

1- I, YOU, or WE, + THEY HAVE BEEN + V + ING

2- HE, SHE, or IT + HAS BEEN V + ING

3- Subject + to have in the present + been + verb + ing

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 Activity3: Conjugate these verbs in the Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

Subject pronouns To debug To program To code

Negative form:

Activity1: Choose the correct forms of the present perfect continuous in the following
samples:

a- I have not been debugging this program lately.

b- She has not been craving to go camping for a while.
c- I not have finishing my classes.

Activity2: Create the negative form of the following samples (Present Perfect Continuous of
course! ):

I Have been playing some games

You Have been travelling a lot

He – she – it has been dealing with a lot lately

We- you - they have been waiting for a response

Interrogative form:

Activity1: Choose the right interrogative form of the verbs in the present perfect.

a- Have you been working on your coding skills?

b- Did you been finished your work?
c- has she been dealing well with the company lately?

Activity2: Put the verbs into the interrogative form:

You have been travelling

He – she – it has been creating some vlogging

content

42
We- you - they have been coming to a number of
conclusion

Present perfect: The Use

Activity1: Examine the following sentences and comments and answer the question bellow:

a. “She has been playing in the garden for hours”  (she’s still there)

b. “It has been raining. The ground is still slippery.”  ( results are clear even after the
action finished)

c. “Have you been smoking recently? I can smell cigarette smoke here!”  (Something that
has been happening recently or lately)

Are these statements True or False?

1- We use the Present Perfect continuous to stress the duration of the action. Prepositions
since and for can be used.

2- We also use it to describe a long action that began in the past and has just stopped. The
result of the action is clear or implied.

3- We can also use it to talk about something that has been in progress recently or lately.

4- We use the present perfect continuous to talk about past events in the progressive.

Activity2: Complete the following rule:

We use the present perfect continuous when we s_____________________________________

In addition, it is used when describing a l ____________________________________________.

Finally, it can be used to address something that has been in p___________________________.

Practice makes perfect:

Activity1: Examine the following picture and select the right sentence that describe it.

1- Look my English is getting better because I (write) __________ __________________a lot

of essays.

2-I am very energetic. I (play) _________________________ some sports lately.

3- It (rain) _____________________ I can see.

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Activity3: Put the verbs into the present perfect or the present perfect continuous:

Look! ……………………………… (somebody / break) that window? 1.

You look tired. ………………………………. (you / work) hard? 2.

3. I …………………………… ( read) the book you lent me, I will probably finish it by the end of
the week.

Activity4: Match each tense with the right use.

A We use the present 1 To stress the duration of an action, describe a

perfect when long action that began in the past and has just
stopped, and to talk about something that has
been in progress recently or lately.

B We use the present 2 We had a complete action in the past. The

perfect continuous when action is not related to the present.

13
 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Part1: Past Perfect

Activity1: Examine the following sentences:

In which tense are the verbs highlighted: the past simple or the past perfect?

1- John left the house at 7:30 yesterday morning.

2- Mary rang John’s doorbell at 2:41 yesterday.

3- Mary rang John’s doorbell at 2:41 yesterday but John had already left the house.

4- James had cooked breakfast when we got up.

Activity 2: Check the right form of the past perfect:

1- Subject + to have in the present + been + verb + ing

2- Subject + had + past participle of the verb

Activity3: Reformulate the verbs into the past perfect:

Subject pronouns To brake To shake To feed

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 Past perfect: The Use
Activity1: Examine the following sentences we saw earlier with comments this time and
answer the question bellow:

1- John left the house at 7:30 yesterday morningpast action

2- Mary rang John’s doorbell at 8:15 yesterday.  past action

 Past Action + Past action = Past + Past Perfect

So:

-> Mary rang (past) John’s doorbell at 8:15 yesterday but John had already left (past
perfect) the house.

 Are these statements True or False?

1- We use the past perfect when 2 actions happened in the past, but one action happened
before another one.

2- The first action that takes place in the sentence is in the past perfect, while the second
action is in the past simple.

3- We can also use it to talk about something that has been in progress recently or lately.

Activity2: Complete the following rule:

We use the past perfect when

………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………
………………………………………….

Activity 3: Practice:

1- She (live) …………………………………………….. in China, before she moved to Spain.

2- James didn’t arrive until after I (leave) …………………………………..

3- When I arrived at the cinema, the movie (already/ start) ……

……………………………………………………………………………………

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 Part 2 : Past Perfect Continuous

Activity 1: Examine the following sentences in the past perfect continuous and create below
the form of the tense:

1- They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived.

2- She had been working at that company for three years when it went out of business.

3- Jason was tired because he had been jogging.

4- Sam gained weight because he had been overeating.

 The form of the past perfect continuous is:

(v+ing, been, had, subject)

……………….+…………….+………………+…………………

Activity2: The past perfect continuous happens at what period in the past?

1- The past perfect continuous is a long action that happens before a short past action

2- When a long continuous past action is the reason for a second past action to happen

Activity3: Practice:

1- Paul (teach) ………………………………………………… at the university for more than a year before
he left for Asia.

2- Chef Jones (prepare) ……………………………………………………… meals at the restaurant for two

years before he moved to Paris.

3- He was tired because he (exercise) ……………………………………… so hard.

12
 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Grammar: Reported Speech (Part 1)

Simple Present
Activity 1: Examine the following sentences: what happens to the
verb in the Present Simple Tense?
5. “I drive to school.”
 He said that he drove to school.

6. “You play piano very well.”

 She said that you played piano very well.

7. “I am a senior student.”
 He said that he was a senior student

8. “I play league of Legends whenever I am bored.”

 She said that she played league of legends whenever she
was bored.

Activity 2: Choose the right answer:

 can you guess what the underlined sentences above are? Are
they:
1- Past perfect 2- Reported speech 3- Linking Sentences
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Activity 3: what does Reported Speech do?

1- Report what someone said

2- Exclaim
3- Ask why the holidays were over fast!

Activity 4: In reference to Activity 1’s samples, How do we

formulate the reported speech when we have the present simple
tense?
1- He/She said that + subject pronoun + verb in the past
2- He/She said that + verb
3- verb in the past + pronoun + object of the sentence.

NB. In reported speech, the present simple becomes

the past simple

Activity 5: Practice

Re-write these sentences in reported speech:

1- “You work hard”
2- “I eat Shawarma and it makes me the happiest”
3- Sara: “I work on Saturdays and I sometime go to the gym in my
free time.”

Present Continuous
Activity 1: Observe these sentences, what happened to the tense?

1- “I am driving to school.”

11
  He said that he was driving to school.

2- “You are playing piano very well.”

 She said that you were playing piano very well.

3- “I am playing league of Legends.”

 She said that she was playing league of legends.

Activity 2: In reference to the examples above, How do we

formulate the reported speech when we have the present
simple continuous?

1- He/She said that + subject pronoun + verb in the past

2- He/She said that + verb
3- He/She said that + subject pronoun + verb in the past continuous

NB. In reported speech, the present continuous

becomes the past continuous

Activity 3: Practice

Re-write these sentences in reported speech:

1- Farris: “I am finishing the homework”
2- Larry: “ I am assuming she is doing some important work”
3- Sara: “ Adam is probably working on his assignments, that’s why
he is not replying”

13
 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Grammar: Reported Speech (Part 2)

Simple Past
Activity 1: Examine the following sentences and choose a or b
below: What does the past simple become in the reported speech?

9. “I took an exam the previous day.”

 He said that he had taken an exam the previous day.

10. “You played piano yesterday.”

 She said that you had played piano very well.

11. “I solved the issue last week.”

 He said that he had solved the issue the previous week.

a. The present simple becomes the past perfect

b. The past simple becomes the past perfect

Activity 2: In reference to Activity 1’s samples, how do we,

formulate the reported speech when we have the past simple
tense?
11
1- He/She said that + subject pronoun + had + past participle
2- Verb in the past + pronoun + object of the sentence.

NB. In reported speech, the past simple becomes the

past perfect

Activity 5: Practice

Re-write these sentences in reported speech:

1- “You worked hard yesterday”
2- “I ate a burger for yesterday’s dinner”
3- Sam: “I took an exam last week.”

Past Continuous
Activity 1: What happened to the tense in these sentences?

1- “I was driving to school this morning.”

 He said that he had been driving to school that morning.

2- “I was working hard at 7 this morning.”

 She said that she had been working hard at 7 that
morning.

3- “I was playing videogames yesterday.”

 She said that she had been playing video games the
previous day.

Activity 2: How do we create the reported speech when we have

the past continuous?

12
1- He/She said that + subject pronoun + verb in the past continuous
2- He/She said that + subject pronoun + had + been + verb + ing

NB. In reported speech, the past continuous becomes

the past perfect continuous

Activity 3: Practice

Re-write these sentences in reported speech:

1- Yasmeen: “I was finishing the homework at 9 this morning”
2- John: “ I was preparing dinner for an hour last night”
3- Sara: “ Adam was working on his assignments for 3 hours this
weekend.”

11
 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Grammar: Reported Speech (Part 3)

Present Perfect

Activity 1: Examining the sentence below: What does the Present

Perfect transform to in the reported speech?

“I have worked hard.”

 She said that she had worked hard

……………………………………………………………………

Activity 2: Practice

Re-write these sentences in reported speech:

1- Jake: “I have done the exercises”
2- James: “the students have written the data loop correctly”
3- Jordan: “I have waited weeks for the computer order.”
4- Jimmy: “ I have listen to the album.”

23
 Present Perfect Continuous
Activity 1: What happened to the tense in the following sentence?
And how do we formulate the reported speech in this case?
1- “I have been doing my best.”
 He said that he had been doing his best.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Activity 2: Practice

Re-write these sentences in the reported speech:

1- Josh: “ I have been sleeping all day.”
2- Jammy: “ I have been playing video games all day”
3- Sara: “ Jason has been writing some codes all day.”
4- James: “ I have been debugging this computer software since
yesterday.”

Past Perfect
Activity 1: Examine the following sentence and deduce how the
reported speech in the given case is formulated?
1- “I had worked hard.”
 She said that she had worked hard.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Activity 2: Practice

Re-write these sentences in the reported speech:

1- Jack: “ I had cooked breakfast.”

24
2- Taylor: “ I had lived in Barcelona.”
3- Kim: “ the movie had already started.”
4- Harry: “ I had left early.”

21
 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Grammar: Passive Voice

Present Simple & Continuous

Activity 1: Examining the transformation in these sentences!

1- I clean my room every day.

My room is cleaned by me every day.

2- My sister is playing videogames right now.

Videogames are being played by my sister right now.

Activity 2: Discover the Rules (Sentence 1):

1- In what tense is the first sentence?

…………………………………………………………………………………
2- Which transformation takes place? Is it:
a. Object + Am/is/Are + Present continuous
b. Object + Am/is/Are + Past Participle
c. Object + Verb To be in the present + Past Participle

Activity 3: Discover the Rules (Sentence 2):

1- In what tense is the second sentence?

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…………………………………………………………………………………

2- Which transformation takes place? Is it:

a. Object + Am/is/Are + Past Participle
b. Object + Am/is/Are + BEING + Past Participle
c. Object + Verb to be in the present + BEING + Past Participle

Activity 4: Re-write these sentences in Passive Voice:

1- She is doing her homework.

2- James prepares lessons every day.
3- I am sending the package tomorrow.
4- Ann focuses on her coding task.

Past Simple and Continuous

Activity 1: Examining the transformation in these sentences!

1- Alex bought a nice present yesterday.

a nice present was bought by Alex yesterday.

2- Alex was buying a nice gift.

a nice gift was being bought by Alex.

Activity 2: Discover the Rules (Sentence 1):

1- The tense of the first sentence is:

…………………………………………………………………………………
2- In your view, which rule is the right one?
a. Object + Was/Was + Past Participle
b. Object + Was/Were + Past Participle

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 c. Object + Verb To be in the past + Past Participle

Activity 3: Discover the Rules (Sentence 2):

1- The tense of the second sentence is:

…………………………………………………………………………………

2- Which rule is the correct one in this case?

a. Object + was/were + BEING + Past Participle
b. Object + verb to be in the present + BEING + Past Participle
c. Object + Verb to be in the past + BEING + Past Participle

Activity 4: Switch the following sentences to the Passive Voice:

1- The trainee was creating the loop.

2- James made dinner last night.
3- Yasmine was doing her homework.
4- Adam played the game.

Present Perfect
Activity 1: Notice the transformation in the following sentence!

1- They have cleaned the software.

The software has been cleaned by them.

Activity 2: Can you make up the rule of the passive form of the
present perfect?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……

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Activity 3: Practice

1- Sara has bought the book.

2- James has made breakfast.

3- Yasmine and Jane have finished the book.

Future Simple
Activity 1: Notice the transformation in this sentence!

1- He will copy this text.

The text will be copied by him.

Activity 2: can you deduce the Rule?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……

Activity 3: Practice

1- I will finish the job.

2- She will accept the offer.
3- You will never forget this lesson.
4- They will tell you when the time comes.

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 TRAINING COMPLEX IN THE FIELDS OF NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES, OFFSHORING & ELECTRONICS

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Module : English Language & Communication

Senior Year Level

Session’s time span: 2h: 30mn

Trainer: Ms A. ADOUI

Grammar Notes

Be going to + verb
Activity 1: when does the action take place?

1- I am going to the movies tonight.

2- She is going to take her exams tomorrow.

 Are the plans set or probable?

…………………………………………………..
Activity 2: Fill in the gab using: Future plans we are sure of –
plans in the future we are not sure of – random plans
We use going to to talk about …………………………………………………..

Will + verb
 Is the action in the following sentences certain?

1- I guess I will do the dishes later.

2- She will probably go to the movies.
3- We will have dinner when the time is right.

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  We use …………………………………… for possible plans. ………………………
……………… is often used with words such as: maybe, I guess,
probably, I expect …etc. We also use …………………………………… for
spontaneous offers and sudden decisions, for example: I’ll help
you!, I’ll read the instructions!, I’ll answer the phone.

Modals
Must – Need to – Have to
 You must attend the class if you want to pass the course.
 Must is used to express something you are certain is true.
 You need a passport to visit Canada.
 Need to is used to express if something is necessary or not.
 I have to get home before 10 pm.
 Have to is used to express personal obligations.

N.B these modals are used to express necessity and suggestion

Had better – Ought to – Should to

 You’d better tell the police everything you saw
 Had better is used to give advice for a specific situation.

 You ought to go and apologize for being rude.

 Ought to is used to give advice, recommendations, express
assumptions, expectations and strong probability.

 You should try the new coffee shop.

 Should is often used to offer advice and opinion.
N.B these are modals for suggestions, they have similar
meanings but they differ in strength, starting by the
strongest: had better.

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