Calculating Anchor Bolt
Pullout Strength
Technical Bulletin # 691B
Bulletin Description
Anchor bolt Pull Out Strength is the force required to pull a single bolt out of its foundation. The
separation can occur between the epoxy grout and the concrete foundation or it can occur between the
anchor bolt and the epoxy grout itself. This bulletin provides the formulas needed to calculate the force
required to pull an anchor bolt out in either manner.
To calculate the Total Pull Out Strength of the entire machine, multiply the force required to pull one bolt
out times the total number of bolts.
When calculating Pull Out Strength it is assumed that:
1. A clean, threaded rod or bolt with a coarse surface profile is used.
2. A nut and washer are installed at the bottom of the rod to act as a mechanical interference.
3. The anchor bolt hole is clean and dry, with no contaminants.
Bond Strength Epoxy to Concrete
The bond of the epoxy grout to the concrete
foundation is stronger than the bond of the concrete to
itself. Typically, concrete will separate next to the bond
line of the epoxy and concrete. Therefore, the weakest
link in the bond of epoxy to concrete is the concrete
itself. The force required to pull concrete apart is
called its Shear Strength. A conservative value for
concrete shear strength is 800 psi. To determine the
force required to pullout the bolt separating it at the
epoxy to concrete bond, use the following calculation:
Force = D x x L x 800 psi
Where:
Bond between
F = Bolt Pullout Force in lbs. L the epoxy and
D = Grout Hole Diameter in inches the concrete
L = Length in inches of the grout hole D breaks
= 3.1415
Below are examples of the force required to pull out
various size bolts out of various size holes.
PULL OUT STRENGTH IN POUNDS
BOLT LENGTH
HOLE
3” 4” 5” 10”
DIAMETER
5/8" 4,710 6,280 7,850 15,700
3/4" 5,650 7,530 9,420 18,840
1" 7,530 10,050 12,560 25,130
1.5" 11,309 15,070 18,840 37,690
2.0” 15,070 20,100 25,130 50,260
ITW POLYME R TECHNOLOGIES
130 Commerce Drive Montgomeryville, PA 18936 215-855-8450 Fax 215-855-4688
www.chockfastgrout.com www.escoweld.com
Calculating Pull-Out Strength
Bulletin No. 691B, Page 2
Bond Strength Epoxy to Steel
The bond of grout to the steel anchor bolt can be calculated
using 1600 psi as the Bond Strength of epoxy to steel. This
too is also a conservative number. To determine the force
at the grout-to-bolt interface, use the following calculation:
F = BD x x L x 1600 psi
Where:
F = Bolt Pullout Force in lbs.
D = Bolt Diameter in inches
L = Length in inches of the bolt embedded in grout
(does not include the portion of the bolt that is
wrapped with tape or inside a bolt sleeve.
= 3.1415
Examples of the force required to separate a bolt from the
surrounding epoxy assuming there is no nut.
PULL OUT STRENGTH IN POUNDS
GROUTED BOLT LENGTH D
BOLT L
3” 4” 5” 10”
DIAMETER Bond between
3/8" 5,650 7,530 9,420 18,840 the epoxy and
1/2" 7,540 10,040 12,560 25,120 the anchor bolt
breaks
3/4" 11,300 15,070 18,840 37,680
1" 15,070 20,100 25,130 50,260
1.5" 22,610 30,150 37,690 75,380
Pull-Out Strength – Anchor Bolt in Concrete
As a comparison, an anchor bolt set in a concrete foundation will typically crack up
and out from the bottom of the bolt at a 45o angle in a cone shaped section. The
force required to pull up this cone shaped section of concrete is the force required
to separate concrete over the total surface area of the cone. The Surface
Area of a Cone (SACone) = Lateral Surface Area of a Right Circular
o
Cone with 45 Sides:
SACone = x 1.4142 x H2 H
The force required to pull the concrete apart
is the Shear Strength of concrete (800 psi)
45° 45°
times the Surface Area of the Cone.
2
Force lbs = 800 psi x SACone in
Force lbs = 800 x x 1.4142 x H2 Concrete will break at
about a 45o angle
Date 08/2005
Grouting Large Anchor Bolts
Technical Bulletin # 615C
Bulletin Description
This bulletin promotes the use of CHOCKFAST Red or ESCOWELD 7505E/7530 as a grout for setting
large anchor bolts in large, deep anchor bolt pockets. Typical 2-part epoxy chocking compounds (like
CHOCKFAST Gray), while good for use in smaller holes, should not be used in such cases because the
exothermic heat created by their large mass may crack the epoxy.
Deep anchor bolt pockets - up to 2 meters (6 ft) long and 200mm (8”) wide - may be filled conveniently
with a single placement of CHOCKFAST Red or ESCOWELD 7505E/7530.
The gentle exotherm of CHOCKFAST Red and ESCOWELD 7505E/7530 allows grout placement
around large bolts to be executed with a single pour in extremely hot and humid climates with negligible
shrinkage.
Design Considerations
Most process machinery is critically aligned M52 (2 in.) Bolt
within hundredths of a millimeter tolerance. D Typical
Therefore, final horizontal leveling pours in
contact with critically aligned baseplates,
rails, soleplates or coupled machinery should
be limited to a depth of 100mm (4”).
Machine Base
2
Two separate grout pours are required:
12D
30 - 100mm
The first pour in the Anchor Bolt Pocket filled
(1¼ - 4 in.)
1 is made using CHOCKFAST Red or
ESCOWELD 7505E/7530
The Final Leveling Pour under the critically
2 aligned machinery is then made using 1.5 - 2m
Wrap bolt with
CHOCKFAST RED or ESCOWELD (4 - 6 ft)
7505E/7530 tape to allow it
1
to free-stretch 10D
during
tensioning
150 - 200mm
(6 - 8 in.)
ITW POLYME R TECHNOLOGIES
130 Commerce Drive Montgomeryville, PA 18936 215-855-8450 Fax 215-855-4688
www.chockfastgrout.com www.escoweld.com
