Title: Mastering the Art of Literature Review: Unraveling the Complexity

Embarking on a literature review journey can be likened to navigating through a labyrinth of

The process of delving into existing literature to gather insights, identify gaps, and synthesize
findings is inherently complex. Researchers must sift through vast volumes of scholarly works,
critically evaluate their relevance and reliability, and meticulously document their findings.
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the review.

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review lies in the selection and screening of relevant studies. This entails defining inclusion and
exclusion criteria, conducting comprehensive searches across various databases, and meticulously
assessing the quality of identified studies. Furthermore, synthesizing heterogeneous data and
interpreting findings in a coherent manner demand both analytical acumen and subject expertise.

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Take this argumentative literature review example to prepare an argument that best fits your research.
When you include the subject heading in your search you will find articles about a subject even if the
authors of the article have chosen other, adjacent words to describe the article themselves. PRISMA
2020 consists of a checklist with 27 points and several flowcharts. If a publication or agency does
not require one, submitting one is optional, but writing one as part of the process is fundamental.
This Example will help you be objective and take a transparent approach. Heterogeneity complicates
the interpretation of a meta-analysis; it signals that we might be comparing apples and oranges. This
example shows a specific type of effect size: relative risk. There are several different frameworks
available that might be able to help you structure and delimit your research question. In EndNote,
you can both organize your references and get rid of duplicates. Keep in mind that finishing it could
take longer than a year. The search terms within each block are combined with OR, then the blocks
are combined with AND. In systematic literature searching, a precision of two-three percent is
common. Intervention: Cross-company project effort estimation model. Screening for a literature
review is typically less intensive. This is something that needs to be paid careful attention to. The
method exists in an unpublished and relative simple version presented here. Systematic reviews
usually rate at the top of evidence hierarchy since they analyze and evaluate results from all
available, original research articles that answers a specific research question. RQ4: What types of
studies are being performed by researchers that. Management Science (J), International Software
Metrics Symposium. The 95% confidence interval is very large and crosses 1. On this page, we will
review a few things worth thinking about when you intend to conduct and report a systematic
literature search. Often you will need to use a modified and simplified search strategy to search for
grey material. The search terms within each block are combined with OR, then the blocks are
combined with AND. Like any other aspect of research, however, systematic reviews must define
and follow a method that can be replicated. Publication bias can lead to systematic bias in SLR. It is
just as important to identify gaps in knowledge, as this will inform future areas of research. By
clicking “Accept”, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The relative risk is 0.39, which means
that malaria chemoprevention is associated with a 61% decrease in parasitemia. Journals also often
demand that a search be updated if several months have passed since the article was submitted. They
are often collaborative and tag, for instance, inclusion- and exclusion criteria.
Most systematic searches specify several, if not many, criteria regarding which studies to include or
exclude. E.g. formal experiments that was failed to reject null. In systematic reviews, specific details
are extracted from every study included, such as numbers of participants, methods, analysis
techniques, and key outcomes. It’s a good idea to do the same for a literature review, even if not a
strict requirement. We don’t know if it prevents maternal deaths, as this would require very large
studies to detect an effect. Bias Systematic error tendency to produce results that depart
systematically. Be sure to include some background information on the actual topic in the
introduction. Kitchenham et al. (2007) used the following inclusion criteria. Other search engines
used: Google scholar, Citeseer, Agile Alliance. Intervention (I) - specifies the investigation aspects or
issues of. Use specific authors or sources as examples, and be sure to explain any similarities or
departures in approach, methodology, findings, or argument. You may want to add these new
headings to your Matrix to remind you to critically appraise the sources according to this new
criteria. For instance, you can search for the articles using titles, but you can also do so using PMID-
nr or DOI-nr. To address a particular research query, it attempts to collect all available information on
a specific subject. Be sure to meet with a reference librarian if you are unsure how to create an
effective search strategy. Davis, A., Dieste, O., Hickey, A., Juristo, N., Moreno, A.M. (2006)
Effectiveness of. This will give you more control over the search and will also make your search
strategy more transparent. One needs to inform the objective of the review in the initial paragraphs.
Changes in approach over time can be seen after publication information has been compared, so be
sure to place the authors within their own historical context too. Management Science (J),
International Software Metrics Symposium. It (Literature Review), in fact, sample survey and
survives on scholarly articles and other sources such as dissertations and conference proceedings. At
the library, we often get questions about what exactly characterizes a systematic review, what
differentiates it from other kinds of literature reviews, and how one might best go about searching
the literature systematically. Search filters are sets of search terms chosen to restrict a search to a
selection of references, such as articles based on method or study type. When you include the subject
heading in your search you will find articles about a subject even if the authors of the article have
chosen other, adjacent words to describe the article themselves. Rewrite the words within a
parenthesis and write AB in front of the parenthesis. Kitchenham et al. (2007) constructed a quality
questionnaire based. Use the search strings created in Step 2 to search the databases. RQ5: What is
the scale (e.g. number of participants) of studies that are being. Third, identify patterns in approaches
to your topic. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide
customized ads.
Intervention: cross company OR cross organisation OR cross. PubMed, for instance, uses the
controlled vocabulary list MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Moreover, consultant on personal,
professional, stewardship leadership, research. They wanted to develop a process which became
complete and replicable - providing the methodology was consistent (Lavallee et al., 2014). They
developed a process which they have named iterative systematic review (iSR), and have chunked
down the approach to the literature review into eight tasks (Lavallee et al., 2014, p. 175-6).
Depending on the topic, you may want to supplement your search with a multi-disciplinary database
like Web of Science, or subject-specific databases, such as CINAHL, PsycInfo or ERIC. By scanning
titles, abstracts and subject headings, you may find additional, useful search terms. All point
estimates fall to the left of the line of no effect ( 1 would mean the risk was higher among the
intervention group, thus favoring the control group (with no treatment). Technology (J), Software
Process Improvement and Practice (J). Consider whether or not your search terms include a word
with a different spelling. The search should have high sensitivity, that is, it should be created in such
a way that the search will retrieve all relevant articles within a research area, or at least discover as
many as possible. The picture demonstrates how the different operators work. RQ2: Are the robots
that are being used simulated or physical (real-life)? Web of Knowledge features citation searching,
email alerts, links to the full text of many items. Trip Medical database for Evidence Based Practice
material: journals, guidelines, sys. PubMed - US National Library of Medicine, NIH Provides access
to citations for biomedical articles from Medline and life science journals. SLRs differ from stand-
alone literature reviews because they follow a rigorous review protocol that is objective and
comprehensive so other researchers may replicate the work. Population (P) - the target group for the
investigation (e.g. On this page, we will review a few things worth thinking about when you intend
to conduct and report a systematic literature search. If chemoprevention has some preventive effect,
less parasitemia should be observed among women exposed to the medication (i.e., treatment). Few
interventions are 100% effective, so scientists often talk about reductions in the risk of bad outcomes
like malaria. RQ6: Do collected studies suggest that using robotics to teach introductory. To present
fair evaluation of a research topic by using a. The information is only used to contact the person
using the form. Basic statistical procedures are essential for novice and expert researchers as the
foundation for more intricate analyses. Apart from suitable databases in which to conduct your
search, you will also want access to a program that can help you manage your references, such as
EndNote. The search strings were constructed by linking the four OR lists using. Third, identify
patterns in approaches to your topic. When you test search, you simultaneously discover what
terminology is common in the field, and thus find more search terms. For this reason, most
systematic reviews are conducted by teams, given the large scope of the data initially collected for
most research topics. The search terms within each block are combined with OR, then the blocks are
combined with AND. Team members screen the search results and sort them according to these
criteria, beginning with titles and abstract reviews and moving to full-text reviews later. The risk of
antenatal parasitemia is 286 events per every 1,000 people.
As with most journal articles, Cochrane reviews begin with an Abstract and a Plain language
summary, which can be helpful for newcomers to a the topic. Classification of Researcher's
Collaboration Patterns Towards Research Perfor. One way is to search directly in a given database’s
thesaurus. If the experiments and trials identified in the literature search are of a uniform nature, a
meta-analysis may be performed. RQ5: What is the scale (e.g. number of participants) of studies that
are being. Please take a moment and use the link to the right to download and skim through the
article. Let’s consider systematic and literature reviews side-by-side to understand how systematic
reviews are unique. The cookie indicates an active session and is not used for tracking. OR Internet
OR World-Wide Web OR project OR development. It (Literature Review), in fact, sample survey and
survives on scholarly articles and other sources such as dissertations and conference proceedings.
Preregistration gives other researchers confidence that the team is not selectively choosing
advantageous results at the end to make an interesting paper. You may start with writing research
questions and objectives. The overall (pooled) effect size is 0.39, or a 61% reduction in the risk of
parasitemia. Research PLANNING IN EDUCATIONL RESEARCH Research PLANNING IN
EDUCATIONL RESEARCH Introduction to systematic literature review Introduction to systematic
literature review Lecture 3.pptx Lecture 3.pptx A task-based scientific paper recommender system
for literature review and ma. One study result is described and plotted per row, and the overall effect
(i.e., the “pooled” or “meta” effect) of all the studies is displayed at the bottom. Performing
systematic literature reviews with novices: An iterative approach. Bias is a topic we will come to in a
later chapter, but for now you can think of bias as anything that systematically takes us away from
the “truth”. By scanning titles, abstracts and subject headings, you may find additional, useful search
terms. The length of embedded literature reviews varies, but is usually dependent upon the length of
your assignment. Some databases, for instance Web of Science, do not have a list of subject headings
at all; to conduct a search there, you have to use free-text terms. This should be followed by the
overview or the simple outline, which includes the scope of work (in this case, it is the scope of
review). There are two main ways to search the database: --- select General Search to search for
articles by subject term, author name, journal title, or author affiliation --- select Cited Reference
Search to search for articles that cite an author or article that you specify. It shows how to make a
decent attempt to address the course of your study plan. The purpose of this section is to provide
enough detail to enable other researchers to replicate the review. No personally identifiable
information is stored in the cookie, and the user remains anonymous until they submit a form, at
which point the visitor ID is associated with the user's provided information. To reduce risk for bias,
it is also recommended that at least two people, independent of one another, review all found articles
and choose which studies to include in the review. Web of Science Citation Indexes Web of Science,
published by Thomson Reuters, is a multi-disciplinary database that provides integrated access to
over 8,000 key research journals indexed in: Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Science
Citation Index, and Arts and Humanities Citation Index. Where will your education and career
journey take you? As we move forward in the book, we’ll consider why a study like Villegas et al. (
2007 ) was judged to have a low risk of bias across all dimensions, where as a study like Cot et al. (
1995 ) was classified as having a high risk of bias and flagged for not providing enough information.
Requirements Elicitation Techniques: Empirical Results Derived from a.
UM subscribes to Covidence for UM students, faculty, and staff. Q3: Which experimental procedure
is most appropriate for. To write a strong embedded literature review, you should approach your
research systematically. If chemoprevention has some preventive effect, less parasitemia should be
observed among women exposed to the medication (i.e., treatment). Few interventions are 100%
effective, so scientists often talk about reductions in the risk of bad outcomes like malaria. They
compare and contrast 14 review types, listing the strengths and weaknesses of each review. It helps
plan and specify how you will navigate the systematic review process and stay on course. Out of
these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential
for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Heterogeneity means diversity (and is the
opposite of homogeneity). Simply put, studies with weaker research designs, such as this one, have
less weight in the pooled analysis. Also, be sure to adhere to your style guidelines because headings,
title pages, references lists, and other sections or formatting features may differ. Writing an
embedded literature review will clarify your understanding of the material and demonstrate your
thorough research skills. The authors suggest tables to consolidate evidence, but also remind us that
the use of quantitative evidence to evaluate qualitative data is not necessarily useful. Apart from
field-specific knowledge and awareness of research methodology, you may need people in your team
who are experts in statistical analysis and literature searches. In your notes, be sure to record each
author’s thesis, methodology, strengths, limitations, and significant findings in addition to relevant
information you can use in an essay. There are many literature review sample outline examples
available online, and many of them have to do with whatever subject you’re handling. Figure 3.3:
Malaria chemoprevention for pregnant women living in endemic areas. Communications of the
Association of Information Systems, 37 (43), 879-910. Because of differences in how we extract
data from sources and what information is relevant, the analysis within and structure of our literature
reviews will vary. In systematic literature searching, a precision of two-three percent is common.
Scholars who conduct systematic reviews register their research protocols in advance to clearly state
the literature search strategy, rules for including and excluding studies, and a plan for the analysis.
So whatever literature one reviews are meant for re-viewing by others too. Glad you liked it - the
author's of the article did a great job, didn't they!:-D Delete Replies Reply Reply Add comment Load
more. Each study’s point estimate of the relative risk is plotted around a line of “no effect.” A risk of
1 means that there is no difference between the intervention and control groups. Third, identify
patterns in approaches to your topic. Careful planning will also help you to provide insightful
analysis. Fifth, situate your own research within the current literature in your field. Systematic
reviews sometimes contain so-called meta-analyses, wherein the collected data is combined using
statistical methods. Q2: What characteristics of the study data sets and the data. But hold on! Don’t
quickly jump to the conclusion of a Book review.
If that’s your result, then you’ve retrieved all your key articles. One needs to inform the objective of
the review in the initial paragraphs. Unfortunately, it is not possible to easily retrieve a list containing
all the references from several different publications. Google does not filter the evidence in this
manner. Of these 141 people, 1 person experienced the adverse outcome that the forest plot
summarizes. The relative risk is 0.39, which means that malaria chemoprevention is associated with a
61% decrease in parasitemia. The goal of a systematic review is to be comprehensive and to include
every relevant article. Let’s consider systematic and literature reviews side-by-side to understand
how systematic reviews are unique. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are
stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website.
For example, scholars who published in the 1960s interpreted a historical event differently than those
who published in the early 2000s. Literature reviews don’t have to follow such rigid methods or
make the methods explicit. Systematic Literature Reviews and Systematic Mapping Studies
Systematic Literature Reviews and Systematic Mapping Studies Chapter 2 incorporating theory and
conducting literature search and review Chapter 2 incorporating theory and conducting literature
search and review Bridging The Research-Practice Gap Through Evidence-Based Management And
Syst. Intervention: Cross-company project effort estimation model. Sometimes confused as a blanket
term for other types of reviews. You will also need to adapt field tags and other symbols. There are
many literature review sample outline examples available online, and many of them have to do with
whatever subject you’re handling. Their objective is to synthesize evidence through meta-analysis, a
type of SLR that employs statistical analyses. SpiderCite builds on citation data from Lens.org. To
use SpiderCite you need to save the publications you want to use as your starting point in an XML,
RIS or BibText-file. In your notes, be sure to record each author’s thesis, methodology, strengths,
limitations, and significant findings in addition to relevant information you can use in an essay.
Consult your library subject guide to review databases appropriate for your topic. The search terms
within each block are combined with OR, then the blocks are combined with AND. Kitchenham et
al. (2007) constructed a quality questionnaire based. The 95% confidence interval is very large and
crosses 1. Explain why this has been the case and how these approaches enhance or limit current
understandings of the topic. A wide search means that not all search results will be relevant. Data
extracted from primary studies should be recorded using data. This will serve as the basis for your
thesis statement. Before beginning the systematic review, the authors provide guidelines for
determining which evidence should be included or omitted. Scholars who conduct systematic
reviews register their research protocols in advance to clearly state the literature search strategy, rules
for including and excluding studies, and a plan for the analysis. The University of Plymouth Library
has a good website where you can read more about the most commonly used frameworks.