ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT -1 Salt NO: Date: Sno EXPERIMENT ‘OBSERVATION INFERENCE, te | 2 colar lourless ence of copper and iron salts Colour ofthe salt is noted. Colour eee byAppearance Crystalline May be Sulphate nitrate or Appearance ofthe salts noted chloride 2 | Solubifity aa or : 5 oe Solubl May be sulphate nitrate chloride 3 | Action of heat ‘A reddish brown gas wit a fishy } Presence ofa nitrate sal ‘A small amount ofa salts strongly heated in atest tube | odour evolves. 4] Fame test Take a small amount of salt in a watch glass. Add a drop | iyo Characteristic coloured flame. of Cone. HCl to it and form a paste. Take the paste at the ~ * | Absence of copper, calcium and charred end of the splinter and introduce it near the asin Bunsen flame 5._| Action of dil Hydrochloric acid ‘A reddish brown gas with the Take a small amount of salt in atest tube and add about | fishy odour turing a moist | Presence of nitrate Imi of dilute hydrochloric acid to it. Gently heat itn the | ferrous sulphate paper brown Bunsen flame. evolves. | Action of Cone. Sulphuric acide ‘Take a small amount of a satin dry test tube, add about | Reddish brown gas turning 0.5m of Cone. Sulphuric acid and gently heat it inthe | acidified ferrous sulphate paper | Presence of nitrate Bunsen flame, green evolves 7 ‘Action of MnO» and Cone, H:SO«: ; : No characteristic gas evolves | Absence of chloride and bromide ‘Take a small amount of sat in a test tube, add pinch of ‘MnO: and about 0.5ml of Cone. HSO, and gently heat it in the Bunsen flame. 8. Action of Cone. H;S0, and copper turnin TRU UU eRe Sra A reddish brown gas with fishy Take a small quantity of salt in a dry test tube and add | jour turning a. moist. ferrous | Presence of nitrate few copper tumings and about Iml of Conc. H80.. | Suiphate paper brown evolves Gently heat it 9:55 | aan cr aiiar Scale TAN TOS ‘No pungent smelling gas “Absence oF ammonium sais ‘To a small quantity of a salt add about Im! of dilute Sodium hydroxide solution and gently heat it 10 | Chronyl chloride test. No Red Orange vapours ‘Absence oF chloride ‘Take a small quantity of salt in atest tbe, add a pinch of potassium dichromate and three drops Cone. Sulphuric acid and gently heat it. Analysis with sodium carbonate extract Preparation of sodium carbonate extra ‘A small amount of slat is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20ml of isiled water is added, boiled for 10 minutes cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called sodium carbonate extract. EXPERIMENT ‘OBSERVATION INFERENCE TI.” Test for halides: No precipitate is obtained. ‘Absence of chloride, ‘To about one mil of the sodium carbonate extract add Bromide, sulphide dilute Nitric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases, and then add about Imi of Silver Nitrate, and shake it well 12.” ] Test with barium chloride: rs ‘To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract, add sence of sulphate + White precipitate is obta dil. acetic acd in drops with shaking until the efferves- | N° White respite is obtained cence ceases, then add Imi of barium chloride solution and shake it ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com ‘Test with lead acetate: To about Imi of the sodium carbonate extract, add Imt Of dil acetic acid and heat it , until the effervescence ceases, and then add Imi of lead acetate. No white precipitate is obtained Absence of sulphate Brown Ring test: ‘To about Iml o f the sodium carbonate extract add dil, HO, in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases and about 0.5mL of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution, Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position add Cone. HS, along the sides of the test tube. Abrowm ring is formed Nitrate is confirmed Ammonium molybdate test To one portion of the extract , add dilute Nitric acid until the effervescence ceases, then add about Iml each ‘of ammonium molybdate and Cone. Nitric acid Absence of phosphate ‘Test with sodium nitro bruside: To about 1ml of the sodium carbonate extract add. Iml of dil ammmonia then add about few drops of sodium nitro bruside No purple or violet colouration appears Absence of sulphide IDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC RADICALS. Preparation of Original solution : ‘The original solution prepared by dissolving a small amount of salt in water ZERO GROUP "To a few drops of the original solution sodium hydroxide and Nessler’s reagent and excess of sodium hydroxide solution are added, No reddish brown precipitate “Absence of ammonium: ‘GROUP SEPERATION T, ] Toa few drops of the origin al solution 2 mil of dilute hydrochloric acid is added. White precipitate soluble when boileed with water is obtained, Presence of first Lead) ‘group. ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL ‘Test for Lead: Yellow precipitate soluble in hot ‘To a few drops of original solution add about Im! of potassium | water which reappears as golden Iodide is added, yellow spangles on cooling. is obtained. Tead is confirmed ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL Brown Ring test: To about ImL 0 f the sodium carbonate extract add dilute in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases and about 0.5mL of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution, Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position add sulphuric ac Cone. Sulphuric acid along the sides of the test tube, A brown ring is formed. Nitrate is confirmed RESULT ‘The given simple salt contains 1. Acid Radical : Nitrate 2.Basic Radical Lead ‘The given simple salt is Lead Nitrate, Material prepared by Swenkatesan sc Woh, 84,888 (Vlow our) ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net www TrbTpse.com SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT II Salt NO: Date: 3 [EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE 1 | 2) Calom Blue May be copper sulphate Colour ofthe salt is noted. y be copper sulp b)Appearance Crystalline May be sulphate, nitrate or “Appearance ofthe salt is noted chloride 2 | Solubitty: soluble Jay be sulphate, nitrate, chloride A litle ofthe salt is shaken with water. = cA ee 3. | Action of heat ‘No characteristic change . ‘Absence of carbonate nitrate ‘A small amount ofa satis strongly heated ina test tube ammonium and zine 3. | Blame est: ‘Take a small amount of salt in a watch glass, Add a drop ‘of Cone. HCL to it and form a paste. Take the paste at the | Bluish green flame Presence of copper salt charred end of the splinter and introduce it near the Bunsen flame 7 E Take a small amount of salt in test tube and add about | No characteristic change ‘Absence of sulphide and Im of dil. Hydrochloric acid to it. Gently heat it in the carbonate Bunsen flame. S| Action of Cone Sulphuric aid ‘Take a small amount of a salt in a dry test tube, add about | No characteristic gas is evolves | Absence of chloride, bromide, 0.5m of Cone. Sulphuric acid and gently heat it in the nitrate Bunsen flame 6 | Action of MnO and Cone. FaS0y ‘No characteristic gas evolves | Absence of chloride and bromide ‘Take a small amount of salt ina test tube, add pinch of MnO; and about 0.5mL of Cone. H,SO, and gently heat iti the Bunsen flame. 7 Action of Cone. HsS0, and copper turning: ‘Take a small quantity of salt in a dry test ube and add | No reddish brown gas evolves, | Absence of nitrate few copper turnings and about Im of Cone. Sulphuric acid. Gently heat it 8. Action of dilute Sodium hydroxide solution: ‘To a small quantity of a salt add about Iml of dilute | No pungent smelling gas. Abeanes of aeimontara sat Sodium hydroxide solution and gently heat it 9._| Chromyl chloride test No Red Orange vapours ‘bsence of chloride ‘Take a small quantity of salt in atest tube, adda pinch of potassium dichromate and three drops Cone. Sulphuric acid and gently heatit Analysis with sodium carbonate extract Preparation of sodium carbonate extra A small amount of slat is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20ml of isiled water is added, boiled for 10 ‘minutes cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called. sodium carbonate extract. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE 10. ‘Test for halides: To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract add | No precipitate i obtained (Abesoen Seelam dilute Nitric acid in drops with shaking until the Bromide, sulphide effervescence ceases, and then add about 1m of Silver nitrate, and shake it well. TT. | Test with barium chloride ‘A white precipitate is formed | Sulphate is confirmed ‘To about one ml ofthe sodium carbonate extract, add dit, | i#soluble in dilute sulphuric acid. acetic acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases, then add ImL of barium chloride solution and shake i ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com 2 | Test with lead acetat To about ImL of the sodium carbonate extract, add ImL. of dil acetic acid and heat it , until the effervescence A. white precipitate soluble in excess of ammonium acetate is formed Presence of Sulphate 13. | Brown Ring test: ‘To about Iml o f the sodium carbonate extract add dilute sulphuric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases and about 0.5mL of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution. Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position add Cone. H,SO, along the sides of the test tube. No brown ring is formed Absence of nitrate 14, | Ammonium molybdate test: ‘To one portion of the extract, add dilute Nirtric acid until, the effervescence ceases, then add about ImL each of ‘ammonium molybdate and Cone. Nitrie acid No Canary yellow precipitate is obtained, Absence of phosphate TS. | Test with sodium nitro bruside: To about Iml of the sodium carbonate extract add Iml of dil ammonia then add about few drops of sodium nitro Druside, No purple or violet colouration appears Absence of sulphide Preparation of Ori IDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC RADICALS ‘The original solution prepared by dissolving a small amount of salt in water ZERO GROUP T, ] Toa few drops of the original solution sodium hydroxide and Nessler’s reagent are added No reddish brown precipitate “Absence of ammonium: ‘GROUP SEPERATION T_] Toa few drops of the original solution 2 mi of dilute hydrochloric acid is added, White precipitate soluble when boileed with water is obtained, ‘Absence of first group 2 | To a few drops of the original solution 2 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid is added and Hydrogen gas_is passed. Black precipitate is obtained. Presence of second group (Copper) ‘CONFIRMATORY TE: 'ST FOR BASIC RADICAL, ‘Test for Copper To the blue coloured solution add about 1 ml each acetic acid and potassium ferrocyanide ‘A red brown precipitate is obtained, Copper_is confirmed ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAT. ‘Test with barium chloride: ‘To about one mi of the sodium carbonate extract, add dil. acetic acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases, then ‘add Iml of barium chloride solution and shake it. A white precipitate soluble in ‘excess of ammonium acetate is formed Sulphate is confirmed, RESULT ‘The given simple salt contains 1, Acid Radical : Sulphate 2.Basic Radical : Copper. ‘The given simple salt is Copper sulphate ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT IV wwe TroTapsc.com Salt NO: Date: SNO EXPERIMENT ‘OBSERVATION INFERENCE 1. | @) Colour Brown May be an iron salt Colour ofthe salt is noted ee Crystal May be Sulph Appearance ofthe satis noted rystalline sy be Spite, lee or 2] Soniye e sulphate, nitrate Aide of the salt is shaken with water Son i ee ‘Action of heat: ‘No characteristic change ‘Absence of ammonium, nitrate, A small amount of satis strongly heated in atest Zine salts tube 4] Flame test No characteristic change Absence of Copper, Calcium ‘Take a small amount of salt in a watch glass. Add a eames ‘drop of Cone. Hydrochloric acid to it and form a paste, Take the paste at the charred end of the splinter and introduce it near the Bunsen flame 3. | Action of dil. Hydrochloric acid ‘ake a small amount of st in atest ube and add | NO, characte’ natured gas | Absence | of | carbonat and ahout Im of dil, Hydrochloride to it. Gently heat it | OS sulphide and nitrate in the Bunsen flame &__| Action of Cone Sulphuric acide “colourless gas evolves. We gives Take a small amount ofa salt ina dry test tube, add | a dense white fumes when a glas | Presence of chlori bout 0.5ml of Cone. Sulphuric acid and gently heat | rod dipped in liquid ammonia is itin the Bunsen flame brought close to its mouth 7 | Action of MnO; and Cone. H,S0,: Take a small amount of salt ina test tube, add pinch | A greenish yellow gas tuming | Presence of chloride ‘of MnO, and about 0.5mL of Conc. H;$0, and | starch iodide paper blue evolves ‘gently heat it in the Bunsen flame 8. | Action of Cone. H,SO, and copper turning: ‘Take a small quantity of salt ina dry test tube and | jo redash brown gas ‘Atwence of Nitrate ‘add few copper turnings and about mL of Conc HSO,, Gently heat it 9. | Action of dil. Sodium Hydroxide salut To a small quantity of a salt add about Iml of dil Sodiusr tyrone “solution and gna beat it No pungent smelling gus. Absence of ammonium salt 10. | Chromyt chloride test: Red Orange vapours evolved are ‘Take a small quantity of salt in a test ube, add a | Passed through water to get a pinch of potassium dichromate and few drops Cone. | YeHoW solution which on ading | Chloride is confirmed. Sitphurid acd Gently heat lead acetate forms a yellow precipitate ANALYSIS WITH SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT. Preparation of sodium carbonate extra ‘A small amount of salt is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20m of distilled water is added, boiled for 10 ‘minutes cooled and filtered . the filtrate is called sodium carbonate extrae. ‘Test for halides: ‘To about one mi of the sodium carbonate extract add dil, Nitric acid. in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases, and then add about Iml of Silver nitrate, and | formed shake it well, ‘Acurdy white precipitate insoluble in about Iml of dil. ammonia is Presence of chloride ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalal. Net www. Tr Tnpse.com 1. | Test with Barium chloride: ° No white precipitate is obtained To about one mL of the sodium carbonate extract, add Absence of sulphate dil, acetic acid in drops with shaking until the efferves- cence ceases, then add Iml of barium chloride solution and shake it. 12 | Test with lead acetate To about ImL of the sodium carbonate extract, add mL. ‘Absence of Suiphass of dil acetic acid and heat it , until the effervescence | No white precipitate is obtained, = ceases, and then add Im of lead acetate 13. | Brown ring test: To about Im! of the sodium carbonate extract add dil Sulphuric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases and about 0.5mi of freshly prepared | No brown ring is formed. [Absence of Nitrate ferrous sulphate solution. Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position add Cone. Sulphuric acid along the sides of the test tube, 14. | Ammonium molybdate test: ‘To one portion of the extract , add dil Nitric acid until | No canary yellow precipitate is | Absence of Phosphate. the effervescence ceases, then add about ImL each of | fyrmed. * ammonium molybdate and Cone.Nitric acid 15. | Test with sodium nitro bruside: To about Imi of the sodium carbonate extract add Iml of | No purple or violet colur obtained dil ammonia, Then add about few drops of sodium nitro Absence of Sulphide bruside Preparation of the original solution : ‘The original solution is prepared by dissolving a small of the salt in 10.0 15 ml of Water, ‘ZERO GROUP T.] To a few drops of the original solution few drops os | No reddish brown precipitate ‘Absence of ammonium. Nessler’s reagent and excess of sodium hydroxide solution are added, ‘GROUP SEPERATION. 2, | Toa few drops of the original solution 2 mi of dilute | No White precipitate is obtained. | Absence of first group hydrochloric acid is added, 3. | To a few drops of the original solution 2 ml of dilute | No Black precipitate is obtained. | Absence of second group hydrochloric avid is added and Hydrogen gas is passed. 4 | To a few drops of original solution Iml of ammonium | Brown coloured precipitate is | Presence of Iron chloride and 2m! of ammonium hydroxide solutions are | obtained added. ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL ‘Test for Iron: boil To the solution add about 1 ml of dilute hydrochloride and it and then add about Im of potassium ferocyanide A Blue precipitate is obtained Iron. is confirmed CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL Chromyl Chloride test: ‘Take a small quantity of salt in a test tube, add a pinch of potassium dichromate and few drops Conc. Sulphuric acid Red Orange vapours evolved are passed through water to get a yellow solution which on ading lead acetate Chloride is confirmed. Gently heat it forms a yellow precipitate RESULT ‘The given simple salt contains 1. Acid Radical : Chloride 2.Basic Radical : Iron (Ferric) ‘The given simple salt is. Fe fc chloride ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT: VI Salt NO: Date: S.NO | EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE, 1 @) Colour Colourless Absence of copper and iron salts, Colour ofthe salt s noted per byAppearance “Appearance ofthe salt is noted Powdery May be carbone or sulphide salts 2. | Solubility: Insoluble May be sulphide, Carbonate Aittle of the salt i shaken with water z ‘Action of heat : Salt is yellow when hot and white | May be a zine salt ‘A small amount of a salt is strongly heated in a test | When cold tube 3._| Flame west Take a small amount of salt in a watch glass. Add a Absence of Copper, Calcium drop of Cone, HCI to it and form a paste. Take the | No characteristic flame a paste atthe charred end of the splinter and introduce itmear the Bunsen flame | Action of dilute hydrochloridie acid ‘Take a small amount of salt in a test tube and add | A colourless gas witha rotten egg | Sulphide is confirmed about Iml of dilute hydrochloride to it. Gently heat | Smell turning a paper dipped in qieisbesras lead acetate shining black evolves 5. ‘Action of Cone Sulphuric acid No. characteristic natured gas ‘Take a small amount of a salt in a dry test tube, add | evolves Absence of chloride, bromide, about 0.5ml of Cone. Sulphuric acid and gently heat nitrate iin the Bunsen flame. © | Action of MnO, and Cone. 50, ‘Take a small amount of salt in a test tube, add pinch Absnce of chloride, Hromide of MnO; and about 0.5mL of Cone. H:SO, and | No characteristic matured gas gently heat iin the Bunsen flame. evolves 7. | Action of Cone. H:S0, and copper turning: ‘Take a small quantity of salt in a dry test tube and add few copper turnings and about Im of Cone Absence of Nitrate H,SO,, Gently heat it No reddish brown gas 8. | Action of dilute Sodium hydroxide solution: Nw hi ‘o pungent smelling gas. To a small quantity of a salt add about Imi of dit, | “° P48 — em ‘Sodium hydroxide solution and gently heat it = Chromyl chloride test: Take a small quantity of salt in a test tube, add a pinch of potassium dichromate and three drops | No red orange Vapours eh Cone, Sulphuric acid Gently heat it. ta ae Analysis with sodium carbonate extract Preparation of sodium carbonate extra ‘A small amount of slat is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20ml of distilled water is added, boiled for 10 ‘minutes cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called sodium carbonate extract. 10. | Test for halides: To about one mL of the sodium carbonate extract add | black ppt is formed Sulphide is confirmed il. Nitric acid’ in drops with shaking until. the effervescence ceases, and then add about Im! of Silver Nitrate, and shake it well ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com ‘Test with barium chloride: ‘To about one mL of the sodium carbonate extract, add il. acetic acid in drops. with shaking until the effervescence ceases, then add ImL of barium chloride solution and shake it No white precipitate is obtained. Absence of sulphate ‘Test with lead acetate: To about ImL of the sodium carbonate extract, add Iml of dil acetic acid and heat it , until the effervescence ceases, and then add Imi of lead acetate A black precipitate soluble in hot dilute nitire acid is obtained. Presence of sulphide Brown ring test: ‘To about ImL o f the sodium carbonate extract add itute sulphuric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases and about 0.Sml of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution. Then keeping the test tbe in a slanting position add Cone. Sulphuric acid along the sides ofthe test tube, No brown ring is formed. Absence of Nitrate. Ammonium molybdate test To one portion of the extract , add dil Nitroc acid until the effervescence ceases, then add about ImL. each of ammonium molybdate and Cone. Nitric acid No canary yellow precipitate is formed. Absence of Phosphate. ‘Test with sodium nitro bruside: To about Im of the sodium carbonate extract add Im Of dil ammonia, Then add about few drops of sodium, nitro bruside A purple colouration appears Presence of sulphide TDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC RADICALS Preparation of Original solution : ‘The original solution prepared by dissolving a small amount of dilute hydrochloric acid ZERO GROUP To a few drops of the original solution sodium | No reddish brown precipitate hydroxide and Nessler’s reagent are added, “Absence of ammonium. GROUP SEPERATION To a few drops of the original solution 2 ml of | No characteristic precipitate obtained dilute hydrochloric acid is added, ‘Absence of fist group To a few drops of the original solution 2 ml of | No Black precipitate is obtained. ‘Absence of second group dilute hydrochloric acid is added and Hydrogen sulphide pas is passed. To a few drops of the original solution Imi of | No precipitate Is obtained ‘Absence of Third group ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide solutions are added To a few drops of the original solution ml of | Diriy white precipate is obtained. ammonium chloride and 2m of ammonium hydroxide solutions are added and and Hydrogen sulphide gas_is passed Presence of Fourth group Zine) ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL "Test for Zine ‘Toa few drops of the Originial solution potassium ferro cyanide is added White precipitate soluble in excess of sodium hydroxide. Zines confirmed ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL Action of dilute hyrochloric aci ‘A small amount of the sat is added to dilute hydrochloric acid taken in atest tube. ‘A Colourless rotten egg smelling gas turning lead acetate paper black on warming evolves Sulphide is confirmed RESULT ‘The given simple salt contains 1. Acid Radical : Sulphide 2.Basie Radical : Zine «The given simple salt is Zinc sulphide ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT VIII EXPERIMENT. ae ‘OBSERVATION INFERENCE 1 |) Colour Colourless ‘Absence of copper and iron Colour of the salt is noted oe byAppearance Crystaline ees ee May be Sulphate nitrate or chloride 2. | Solubility: soluble a sulphate ita Alite of the salt is shaken with water Soluhh a Z| Action of heat R veddish brown gas with a fishy | Presence ofa nitrate st ‘A small amount ofa salt is strongly heated in atest tube | odour evolves. 3] Flame west ‘Take a small amount of salt in a watch glass. Add a drop | No Characteristic coloured flame. | AbSeReE of copper, calcium ‘of Cone. HCI to it and form a paste. Take the paste at the and barium, charred end of the splinter and introduce it near the Bunsen fame T._ | Action of dilue Hydrochloric acid B reddish brown gas with the fishy “Take a small amount of salt ina test tube and add about | odour turning a moist ferrous sulphate | Presence of nitrate IL of dil, HCI to it, Gently heat tin the Bunsen flame. | paper brown evolves 5. | Action of Cone. Sulphuric acid: 7 ‘Take a small amount ofa salina dry test tube, add about | Reddish brown gas turning acidified Ossinl of Cone, Sulphuric acid and gently ea inthe | ft70Us sulphate paper green evolves. | Presence of nitrate Bunsen lame @_| Action of MnO, and Cone. FESO, No characterise gas evolves “Absence of — chloride and “Take a small amount of salt in a test tube, add pinch of bromide MnO. and about 0.5m. of Conc. H:SO, and gently heat it in the Bunsen fame 7._| Action of Cone. H;SO, and copper turning: ‘A reddish brown gas with fishy odour “Take a small quantity of salt ina dry test tube and add | turing a moist ferrous sulphate paper few copper turnings and about Tm of Cone. H3S0,, | brown evolves Presence of nitrate Gently heat it &_| Action of dilute Sodium hydroxide soTuion No pungent smeling gas “Rbsenve of ammonfom sal To a small quantity of a salt add about Im of dilute Sodium hydroxide solution and gently heat it 9. | Chromyl chloride test ‘Take a small quantity of salt in atest tube, add a pinch of potassium dichromate and three drops Cone. Sulphuric acid, No Red Orange vapours Absence of chloride Preparation of sodium carbonate extract: A ‘Analysis with sodium carbonate extract small amount of slat is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20ml of distilled water is added, boiled for 10 es cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called_sodium carbonate extract. EXPERIMENT ‘OBSERVATION INFERENCE 10. “Test for halides: To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract add dilute acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ‘ceases, and then add about Iml of Silver nitrate, and shake Nitric it well ‘No precipitate is obtained, ‘Absence of chloride, Bromide, sulphide. ‘Test with barium chloride: To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract, add dil. acetic acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ‘ceases, then add ImL of barium chloride solution and shake it [No White precipitate is obtained ‘Absence of sulphate ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com 2. | Test with lead acetate: ‘To about ImL of the sodium carbonate extract, add ImL. of il acetic ucid and heat it, until the effervescence ceases, and then add ImL of lead acetate No white precipitate is obtained Absence of sulphate Brown Ring test: ‘To about ImL o f the sodium carbonate extract add dilute sulphuric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ‘ceases and about 0.5mL of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution, Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position ‘add Cone. Sulphuric acid along the sides of the test tube, ‘A brown ring is formed Nitrate is confirmed ‘Ammonium molybdate test ‘To one portion of the extract , add dilute nitric acid until the effervescence ceases, then’ add about ImL each of ammonium molybdate and Cone, Nitric acid No Canary yellow precipitate is obtained Absence of phosphate ‘Test with sodium Nitro bruside: ‘To about Iml of the sodium carbonate extract add Iml of dil ‘ammonia then add about few drops of sodium nitro bruside No purple or violet colouration appears Absence of sulphide IDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC RADICALS Preparation of Original solution : ‘The original solution prepared by dissolving a small amount of f salt in water ZERO GROUP To a few drops of the original solution sodium hydroxide and Nessler’s reagent are added, No reddish brown precipitate “Absence of ammonium, GROUP SEPARATION T, ] Toa few drops of the original solution 2 mi of diluie hydrochloric acid is added No White precipita, ‘Absence of Kt group. 2, | To a few drops of the original solution 2 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid is added and hydrogen sulphide gas is passed. ‘No black precipitate is obtained ‘Absence of I group 3] To a few drops of original solution Imi of ammonium chloride and 2m! of ammonium hydroxide solutions are added. Gelatinous whie precipitate is obtained Presence of HT group ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL ‘Test for Aluminium: ‘Toa few drops of original solution 2rl of ammonium hydroxide and few drops of Aluminon reagent are added, ‘A bright red lake is obtained ‘Aluminium is confirmed. ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL Brown Ring test: To about ImL o f the sodium carbonate extract add dilute sulphuric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases and about O.Sml of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution, Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position add A brown ring is formed. Conc. Sulphuric acid along the sides of the test tube. Nitrate is confirmed RESULT ‘The given simple salt contains 1. Acid Radical : Nitrate ium Nitrate ‘The given simple saltis + Alu 2.Basic Radical : Aluminium ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT -1X Experiment ‘Observation Taerence 1. [a Colour colourless ence of copper and iron salls Colour ofthe sat is noted oe ee Appearance Appearance ofthe satis noted Powdery May be Carbonate or sulphide 2, | Solubility: 7 ae ie eee Insoluble ‘May be Carbonate of sulphide 3 | Retion of heat: Colourlessodouriess gas turing | May be carbonate ‘A small amount of a salt is strongly heated in a test | Time water milky. tube 7 | Flame test Take a small amount of salt in a watch glass, Add a 4rop of Cone. HCI to it and form a paste. Take the | Brick red Presence of eau salt paste at the charred end of the splinter and introduce it near the Bunsen flame S| Action of dilute Hydrochloric acid: Take a small amount of salt in a test tube and add | Brisk effervescence of colourless | Carbonate is confirmed about Im! of dilute hydrochloric acid to it. Gently | gas tuming lime water milky heat iin the Bunsen flame %_| Action of Cone Sulphuric acid: No characteristic pass evolves ‘Take a small amount of a salt in a dry test tube, add Absence of chloride, bromide, about 0.5ml of Cone. H:SO, and gently heat i in dhe nitrate Bunsen fame 7 | Action of MnO, and Gone. HS0.: No characterise gas evolves | Absence of chloride and bromide ‘Take a small amount of salt ina test tube, add pinch ‘of MnO: and about 0.5mL of Cone. H:S0, and gently Inet it inthe Bunsen flame 8. | Action of Conc. H,S0, and copper : eel ot Cope #80 pre copper || || Coa lb esi, I| atmo ie few copper turnings and about Imi. of Cone. H3S0, Gently hea it 9._| Retion of dil. Sodium hydroxide solution: To a small quantity of a salt add about Im! of dil Sodium hydroxide and gently heat it No pungent smelling gas. Absence of ammonium salt 10. | Chromyl chioride test: ‘Take a small quantity of salt in a test tube, add a pinch of potassium dichromate and three drops Cone. Sulphuric acid. Gently heat it No Red Orange vapours ‘Absence of chloride Preparation of sodium carbonate extra Analysis with sodium carbonate extract, A small amount of slat is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20ml of distilled water is added, boiled for 10 ‘minutes cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called sodium carbonate extract. EXPERIMENT ‘OBSERVATION INFERENCE ‘Test for halides: To about one mL. of the sodium carbonate extract add dil, HNO; in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases, and then add about ImL of AgNO), and shake it wel. No precipitate is obtained. ‘Absence of chloride, Bromide, sulphide. ‘Test with barium chloride: To about one mL of the sodium carbonate extract, ‘add dil. acetic acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases, then add ImL of barium chloride solution and shake it No white precipitate is formed ‘Absence of Sulphate ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com 2 | Test with lead acetate: To about mL of the sodium carbonate extract, add ImL of dil acetic acid and heat it , until the effervescence ceases, and then add ImL of lead acetate No white precipitate is formed Absence of sulphate 13. | Brown Ring test: ‘To about ml o f the sodium carbonate extract add dil, H3SO, in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases and about O.5mL of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution. Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position add Cone, HsSO, along the sides of the test tube. [No brown ring is formed Absence of nitrate Ta. | Ammonium molybdate test! To one portion of the extract , add dil.Nitric acid ‘until the effervescence ceases, then add about 1mL ‘each of ammonium molybdate and Cone. Nitric acid No Canary yellow precipitate is obtained Absence of phosphate TS. | Test with sodium nitro bruside: To about Iml of the sodium carbonate extract add Im of dil zommonia then add about few drops of sodium nitro bruside, No purple or violet colouration appears Absence of sulphide IDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC RADICALS Preparation of Original solution : ‘The original solution prepared by dissolving a small amount of salt in hydrochloric acid ZERO GROUP T, ] To @ few drops of the original solution sodium hydroxide and Nessler’s reagent are added, No reddish brown precipitate ‘Absence of ammonium. GROUP SEPERATION. 2, | Toa few drops of the original solution 2 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid is added. White precipitate soluble when boileed with water is obtained. ‘Absence of first group 3. | Toa few drops of the original solution 2 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid is added and Hydrogen gas is passed. No characteristic precipitate is obiained. ‘Absence of IT group %_ [To a few drops of original solution Imi of each ammonium chloride and of ammonium hydroxide solutions are added, No characteristic precipitate is obtainted ‘Absence of TI group 3. [To a few drops of the original solution Imi of ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide solutions are added and Hydrogen sulphide gas is passed. No characteristic precipate is obiained. ‘Absence of Fourth group % [To a few drops of the original solution Imi of ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide and 2 ml of ammonium carbonate solutions are added, White precipitate is ob Presence of filth group (Calcium or Barium) CONFIRMATORY. ‘TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL To a. few drops original solution Iml of ammonium White precipitate is insoluble in acetic acid is obtained, hydroxide and 2ml of ammonium oxalate solutions are added. Calcium is confirmed CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL ‘Action of dilute Hydrochloric acid: ‘Take a small amount of salt in atest tube and add about Iml | Brisk effervescence of cofourless of dilute hydrochloric acid to it gas turning lime water milk Carbonate is confirmed RESULT ‘The given simple salt cont 1. Acid Radical: Carbonate L.Basic Radical : Calcium “The given simple salt is Calcium Carbonate ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT -XIL Salt NO: Date: ‘SNO- EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION. INFERENCE 1. [a Cotour Coloariess “Absence of copper iron sais ee May be Subhte niat or “Appearance of the salt is noted Crystalline ee 2 | Solubility: Solub May be Sulphate nitrate Bie satis shaken ih water — a 3. ‘Action of heat: A. colourk gas with the | Presence of an ammonium: small amount ofa satis strongly heated in atesttube | pungent smell turing red | salts Tismus paper into blue evolves | Fame text Take a small amount of satin a watch glass. Add a drop of | No characteristic coloured | Absence of | Copper. Cone. Hydrochloric acid to it and form a paste, Take the | TM eee paste at the charred end ofthe splinter and introduce it near the Bunsen flame 3—[ Action of dil. Hydrochloric aidr ‘Take a small amount of salt in a test tube and add about ImL. | No characeristic natured gas | Absence of carbonate and of dil, Hydrochloric acid to it. Gently heat it in the Bunsen | &¥°lves: sulphide and nitrate, flame @. | Action of Cone Sulphuric ci reddish brown gas trning ‘Take a small amount of a salt in a dry test tube, add about | moist fluorescein paper green | Presence of Bromide O'SmI of Cone. Sulphuric acid and gently heat it in the | evolves Bunsen flame 7 [Ration of MnO; and Cons, FSO Take a small amount of salt in atest ube, add pinch of MnO: | A. reddish brown gas turning | Presence of Bromide and about 0.SmL of Cone. H,SO, and gently heat itn the | moist fluorescein paper red Bunsen flame, evolves 8. | Action of Conc. H:SO, and copper turning: Take a small quantity of salt ina dry test tube and add few ‘copper turnings and about Iml of Cone.H;SO,.Gently heat it. | No reddish brown Absence of Nitrate Sus eon wal oases nae 7 malas pa wih the ppt ao fil: Sodinm, Mystroxade sols ‘smell giving dense white fumes Toa small quantity ofa salt add about Int of dil, Sodium | wih a pass rod tipped in i | Presence of ammonium sal hydroxide solution and gently heat it Iydrohloride evolves 70 Chromyl chloride test: ‘Take a small quantity of salt in a test tube, add a pinch of potassium dichromate and few drops Cone. Sulphuric acid Gently heat it No Red Orange vapours “Absence of Chloride Preparation of sodium carbonate extra ‘Analy ‘with sodium carbonate extract ‘A small amount of slat is mixed with twice the amount of Sodium carbonate and 20ml of distilled water is added, boiled for 10 ‘minutes cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called sodium carbonate extract. 10. Test for halides: To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract add | A Pale yellow precipitate sparingly shaking until the | soluble in ammonium is formed. il. Nitric acid in drops. wi effervescence ceases, and then add about Iml of Silver nitrate and shake it well, Bromide is confirmed “Test with Barium chloride: To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract, add | No. white precipitate is obtained. il, acetic acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases, then add Iml of barium chloride solution and shake it, Absence of sulphate ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net wwe TroTapsc.com ‘Test with lead acetate To about Iml of the sodium carbonate extract, add ImL of dil acetic acid and heat it, until the effervescence ceases, and then add Iml of lead acetate No white precipitate is obtained. Absence of Sulphate 13. | Brown ring test To about Iml of the sodium carbonate extract add dil, Sulphuric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases and about 0.5ml of freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution. Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position add Cone. Sulphuric acid along the sides of the test tube. No brown ring is formed. Absence of Nitrate. 14. [ Ammonium molybdate test: To one portion of the extract , add dil Nitric acid until the effervescence ceases, then add about ImL. ‘each of ammonium molybdate and Cone.Nitric acid No canary yellow precipitate is formed, Absence of Phosphate TS, | Test with sodium nitro bruside: To about Iml of the sodium carbonate extract add Iml of dil ammonia. Then add about few drops of sodium nitro bruside [No purple or violet colur obtained, Absence of Sulphide. Preparation of the original solution : ‘The original solution is prepared by dissolving a small of the alt in 10 to 15 ml of Water. ZERO GROUP T. | Toa few drops of the original solution few drops os Nessler’s reagent and excess of sodium hydroxide solution are added, Reddish brown preci ate presence of ammonium, ‘GROUP SEPERATION T. ] Toa few drops of the original solution 2 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid is added, No White precipitate is obtained: ‘Absence of fist group 2 | Toa few drops of the original solution 2 mal of dilute hydrochloric acid is added and Hydrogen gas is ‘passed No Black precipitate is obtained “Absence of second group 3. | Toa few drops of original solution Tml of ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide solutions are added No Characteristic precipitate is obtained ‘Absence of Third group 4 | Toa few drops of original solution Til of ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide solutions are added and then hydrogen sulphide gas is passed. No diriy white precipitate is obtained “Absence of Fourth group 3. | Toa few drops of original solution Iml of ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide and 2 ml ‘of ammonium carbonate solutions are added. No White precipitate is obtained: “Absence oF W group 6. | Toa few drops of original solution Iml of ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide and 2 ml of di sodium hydrogen solutions are added, No white precipitate is obtained ‘Absence of VI group ‘CONFIRMATORY TI EST FOR BASIC RADICAL ‘Test for Ammonium To a few drops of the original solution few drops of Nessler’s reagent and excess of sodium hydroxide solution are added, ‘Reddish brown precipitate “Ammonium is confirmed. ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL ‘Test for halides: ‘To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract add dil Nitric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ‘ceases, and then add about Im! of Silver nitrate, and shake it well. A. Pale yellow precipitate sparingly soluble in ammonium is formed. Bromide is confirmed. RESULT ‘The given simple salt contains 1. Acid Radical : Bromide 2.Basic Radical : Ammonium ‘The given simple salt is Ammonium Brom ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT -XV wwe TroTapsc.com Salt NO: Date S| Experiment ‘Observation Taference No uD |(2), Colour) ‘olourless. sence of copper and iron Colour ofthe salt is noted. a a b)Appearance “Appearance of the salt is noted Crystalline ae eae + nitrate, = | Sohubiiy: Soluble May be sulphate , nitrate, A little of the satis shaken with water. chloride, phosphate 2 | Action of heat: A small amount of a salt is strongly heated in a test tube No Characteristic change ‘Absence of ammonium, nitrate, zine salts 3._| Flame test: Take a small amount of salt in a wateh glass. Add a drop of Cone.hydrochloric acid to it and form a paste. ‘Take the paste at the charred end of the splinter and Introduce it near the Bunsen flame. No characteristic coloured flame Absence copper, barium calcium salts, 4_| Action of dilute hydrochloric acid: ‘Take a small amount of salt in a test tube and add about Im of dilute hydrochloric acid to it. Gently heat it in the Bunsen flame. No characteristic gas is evolved, Absence of carbonate, nitrate, sulphide. 3. | Action of Cone. 4,80. ‘Take a small amount of a salt in a dry test tube, add about 0.5ml of Cone, H:SO, and gently heat it in the Bunsen flame No characteristic gas is evolves, Absence of chloride, bromide, nitrate © | Action of MnO; and Cone. H.80, ‘Take a small amount of salt in a test tbe, add pinch of MnO; and about 0.5mL of Cone. H:SO, and gently heat it in the Bunsen flame. No characteristic gas evolves, ‘Absence of — chloride and bromide Action of Conc. H,S0, and copper turnin “Take a small quantity of satin a dry test ube and add few copper tumings and about ml of Cone. Sulphuric acid. Gently heat No reddish brown gas evolves Absence of nitrate 8 | Action of dil. Sodium Hydroxide solution: To a small quantity of a salt add about Iml of dilute sodium hydroxide solution and gently heat it No pungent smelli gas, Absence of ammonium salt 9._| Chromyl chloride test: ‘Take a small quantity of salt in a test tube, add a pinch ‘of potassium dichromate and three drops Cone. Sulphuric acid, No Red Orange vapours ‘Absence of chloride Preparation of sodium carbonate extra A small amount of slat is mixed with twice the amount of s ‘Analysis with sodium earbonate extract minutes cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called. sodium carbonate extract. ‘odium carbonate and 20ml of distilled water is added, boiled for 10 EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE 10, | Testfor halides: To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract add ditute Nitric acid in drops with shaking until the effervescence ceases, and then add about Iml_ofSilver Nitrate, and shake it well, No precipitate is obtained. ‘Absence of chloride, Bromide, sulphide. TT, | Test with barium chloride: To about one ml of the sodium carbonate extract, add dil, acetic acid in drops with shaking until the efferves- cence ceases, then add Iml of barium chloride solution and shake it No white precipitate is formed Absence of Sulphate ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!ww Padasalai Net www TrbTpse.com 72 ‘Test with lead acetate: To about ImL of the sodium carbonate extract, add Imt | N° white precipitate is formed . | Absence of sulphate of dil acetic acid and heat it , until the effervescence ceases, and then add ImL of lead acetate 13. | Brown Ring tet To about Imi o f the sodium carbonate extract add dilute sulphuric acid in drops with shaking until the | No brown ring is formed ‘Abseace of nara, effervescence ceases and about O.Sml. of ‘fieshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution. Then keeping the test tube in a slanting position add Conc. Sulphuric acid along the sides of the test tube, 14. | Ammonium molybdate test: To one portion of the extract , add dil. Nitric acid until | Canary Yellow precipitate is | Phosphate is confirmed the effervescence ceases, then add about Iml each of | obtained ammonium molybdate and Cone, Nitric acid TS. | Test with sodium nitro bruside: To about Iml of the sodium carbonate extract add Iml of | N° Purple or violet colouration | Absence of sulphide dil ammonia then add about few drops of sodium nitro | PPS bruside, IDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC RADICALS Preparation of Original solution : ‘The original solution prepared by dissolving a small amount of salt in dilute hydrochloric acid ZERO GROUP To a few drops of the original solution sodium hydroxide and Nessler’s reagent are added. No reddish brown precipitate ‘Absence of ammonium, ‘GROUP SEPERATION T. | Toa few drops of the original soliton 2 ml of dilute | White precipitate soluble when | ABsence of fist group hydrochloric acid is added. boileed with wate is obtained 2 [Toa few drops of the original solution 2 mil of dilute [No characterise precipitate is | Absence of group hydrochloric acid is added and Hydrogen gas_is passed. | obtained 3 [To a few drops of original solution Iml of each | No characteristic precipitate is | Absence of II group ammonium chloride and of ammonium hydroxide | obtainted. solutions are added, [To a few drops of the original solution Tmi_of | No characteiie presipate is | Absenoe of TV group ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide | obtained solutions are added and Hydrogen sulphide gas is passed. 3 [To a few drops of the original solution Imi of | No White precipitates obtained. | Absence of V™ group ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide and 2:ml of ammonium carbonate solutions are added. 6 [To a few drops of the original solution — Iml of | White precipitate is obtained Presence of VI group ammonium chloride and 2ml of ammonium hydroxide and 2m! of di sodium hydeogen phosphate solutions are (Magnesium) added. ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL est si Blue precipitate is obtained Magnesiom: To a few drops of the “Magneson” reagent is added Originial solution 2drops- of ‘CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL ‘Ammonium molybdate test: ‘To one portion of the extract , add dil. Nitric acid_ until the ef= Canary Yellow precipitate is | Phosphate is confirmed fervescence ceases, then add about Iml each of ammonium | obtained ‘molybdate and Cone. Nitric acid RESULT ‘The given simple salt contains 1, Acid Radical: Phosphate 1 Basic Radical : Magnesium ~The given simple salt is : Magnesium Phosphate ‘http//www.trbtnpsc.com/2018/06/latest-plus-one-Tith-study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium-new-syllabus-based htm!