East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR)

Vol. 1, No. 11, 2022 : 2521-2530

Strength Properties of Concrete Using Marble Dust Powder

A. Dhanalakshmi1*, M. Shahul Hameed2

Department of Civil Engineering, P.S.R. Engineering College
Corresponding Author: A. Dhanalakshmi [email protected]
ARTICLEINFO ABSTRACT
Keywords: Marble Dust Construction expenses have mostly grown
Powder, Compressive unaffordable in recent years. Civil engineering
Strength, Split Tensile
Strength, Young’s Modulus
institutes and stakeholders throughout the
world have worked to develop recyclable and
Received: 09 October resource-saving concrete for building
Revised: 10 November
applications in order to reduce these expenses.
Accepted: 11 December
The majority of environmental issues arise from
©2022 Dhanalakshmi, Hameed : This the disposal of trash in areas where marble
is an open-access article distributed sculpting takes place. The marble stone slurry
under the terms of the Creative
generates both stone slurry and solid wastes,
Commons Atribusi 4.0
Internasional. and with the massive discharge of marble trash
locally, emphasis has been focused on the
utilisation of waste material. This study looked
into the use of marble dust powder in concrete,
with varied percentages of marble dust (0%, 5%,
10%, 15% & 20%) replaced by sharp sand in M20
grade concrete mixes, while the water cement
ratio was kept constant at 0.45. The compressive
and split tensile strength of the concrete were
evaluated after 7 and 28 days of curing time to
determine its quality, performance, and
dependability. The laboratory findings revealed
that replacing marble dust powder with cement
boosted concrete strength by up to 10% in terms
of compressive load resistance and tensile
strength.

DOI: https://10.55927/eajmr.v1i11.1785
ISSN-E: 2828-1519 2521
https://journal.formosapublisher.org/index.php/eajmr/index
Dhanalakshmi, Hameed

INTRODUCTION
Concrete is a composite material made up of loose components called
aggregates that offer strength and are mixed together with water and a binder
in the form of cement to make a homogeneous slurry that can sustain a variety
of stresses. The capacity to create concrete out of recycled waste material adds a
new dimension to building and contributes to the built environment's
sustainability. Portland cement is an extensively used building material in
housing, transportation, and energy infrastructure. Industry and academics
have collaborated to build stronger concrete, as well as raw materials used as
filler, admixture, and aggregate. The purpose of each of concrete's elements is to
provide appropriate strength and preserve favourable design attributes
throughout its life cycle. PCC is made up of raw resources such as limestone,
shale, and clay for cement manufacturing, river sand for fine aggregates, and
granite stones for coarse aggregates, all of which are depleting due to their
extensive use in building. Due to exploitation of diverse resources and a lack of
subsequent replenishment, new construction techniques must be established.
The construction industry aspires to save expenses and reduce disposal costs of
used wastes from other sectors by using more cost-effective and recyclable
materials in construction. When certain elements are employed in concrete, they
yield better outcomes than conventional concrete while reducing environmental
and economic impacts. Cementous materials are supplemented to assist fulfil
the increased demand.

THEORETICAL REVIEW
Huseyin Yilmaz Arunta et al investigated the waste marble dust is used
in cement production as an additive material. It was found that 10% of leftover
marble dust can be added as a cement addition. The period for setting is
unaffected by waste marble dust. In comparison to regular concrete, waste
marble dust concrete has a higher compressive strength. Ali A Aliabdo et al
investigated waste marble dust was utilized in cement and concrete production.
Marble dust has favourable impacts on steel concrete bond strength up to 15%
as cement substitute, with a maximum of 10%. Additionally, it was noted that
the addition of marble dust to concrete reduces porosity. Marble dust use in
concrete resulted in a negligible modification in ultrasonic pulse velocity.
Ankita Khatri, Abhishek Kanoungo et al investigated paper the focus is
feasibility of the substitution of marble waste for cement to attain economy and
environmental saving. Additionally, it was found that marble dust reduces the
porosity of the concrete after it has hardened.
S.Suresh, J. Revathi investigated the objective of research was to examine
the possibility of utilizing marble powder in concrete production. When 10%
marble powder was substituted for them, it was found that the compressive
strength and flexural strength improved to 23%, 24% and 17.82%, respectively.
Additionally, a decline in chloride penetrations was noted. Mes Belouadah
saouda et al investigated the mable and glass powder used as alternates for
cement and their effect on physical and mechanical properties were tested. It
was found that using up to 10% marble powder increased compressive
strength. Compressive strength for glass powder increases by 5% to 10% at

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 East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR)
Vol. 1, No. 11, 2022 : 2521-2530
most, with 10% being the maximum. Therefore, up to 10% is the ideal
percentage for waste class and marble.

METHODOLOGY

Materials Used
The basic materials used in this experimental study are:
1. Ordinary Portland Cement of grade 53
2. Sand
3. Marble Dust Powder
4. Water

Concrete Proportions
A concrete mix ratio of 1:2:4 was used and was achieved during the
experiment through the Weight method. For each mix, a total of twelve concrete
specimens were produced with three concrete pieces being taken per curing age
(7 and 28 days). A total of twelve cubic specimens (150 x 150 x 150) mm were
cast in order to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength and
Young’s modulus of the concrete.

Table 1: Mix Proportion

S.NO MIX Cement Marble Fine Coarse w/c
Dust Aggregate Aggregate Ratio
Powder
1 Mix 1 100 0 100 100 0.45
2 Mix 2 100 5 100 100 0.45
3 Mix 3 100 10 100 100 0.45
4 Mix 4 100 15 100 100 0.45
5 Mix 5 100 20 100 100 0.45

Moulding and Curing

For the compressive test, the specimen was cubical in shape and size of
150 x150 x 150 mm and for the Split tensile test the specimen was cylindrical in
shape and diameter of 150 mm by 300 mm height. The concrete cubes were
demoulded and placed in curing ponds filled with potable water. Curing was
made to last for 7, 21, 28 and 56 days after which the cubes were dried and
tested.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Work Ability
The workability of the concrete produced using three different
replacement percentages 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of Waste marble dust
concrete was tested using the slump test. An arbitrary water-cement ratio of
0.45 was used. Table 2 presents the recorded slump values of the investigation
conducted.

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Dhanalakshmi, Hameed

Table 2. Slump Values for the Resulting Concrete Mixes

Slump
S.No Mix Slump Value(mm)
Type
1 Mix 1 15 True
2 Mix 2 16 True
3 Mix 3 19 True
4 Mix 4 25 True
5 Mix 5 20 True

Slump Test

30
25
25
Slump Value (mm)

19 20
20
15 16
15

10

0
Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4 Mix 5
Mix

Figure 1. Slump Value of Concrete Samples for aach Percentage Mix

Compressive Strength
The compressive strength test was performed on the cubes after they had
been removed from the curing pond and allowed to dry for about one hour.
The compressive strength test was done with an compression Testing machine
at a fixed rate. Each specimen was crush to failure with the failure load
recorded in kN. The samples were placed in the compressive strength testing
machine with the smooth surface of the cubes in contact with the plates of the
machine.

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 East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR)
Vol. 1, No. 11, 2022 : 2521-2530

Figure 2. Testing of Compressive Strength

Table 3. Compressive Strengths of Various Mix of Marble Dust Concrete Cubes

S.No Mix Compression Strength (MPa)
7 Days 28 Days
1 Mix 1 13 22
2 Mix 2 14 26
3 Mix 3 17 29
4 Mix 4 19 34
5 Mix 5 16 28

Test Results on Compressive Strength

40
34
Compressive Strength (MPa)

35
29 28
30
26
25 22
19
20 17 16
13 14
15

10

0
Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4 Mix 5
Mix

Compression Strength (MPa) 7 Days Compression Strength (MPa) 28 Days

Figure 3. Compressive Strengths of Various Mix

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Dhanalakshmi, Hameed

From the above result Mix 4 which is having 15% of Marble Dust powder
shows higher compressive strength of the concrete.

Split Tensile Strength

This determines the tensile strength of concrete using a concrete
specimen of 0.15 m by 0.30 m concrete cylinder is subjected to a load at a
constant rate which increases continuously until it splits across the vertical
diameter. After failure due to tension developed in the transverse direction the
maximum applied load indicated at the testing machine is noted and
appearance of fracture.

Figure 4. Testing of Split Tensile Strength

Table 4. Split Tensile Strength of Various Mix of Marble Dust Concrete

Cylinders
S.No Mix Split Tensile Strength (MPa)
7 Days 28 Days
1 Mix 1 2.21 3.54
2 Mix 2 2.38 3.59
3 Mix 3 2.45 3.71
4 Mix 4 3.02 3.97
5 Mix 5 2.27 3.71

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Vol. 1, No. 11, 2022 : 2521-2530

Test Results on Split Tensile Strength

4.5

Split Tensile Strength (MPa)

3.97
4 3.59 3.71 3.71
3.54
3.5
3.02
3
2.38 2.45
2.5 2.21 2.27
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4 Mix 5
Mix

Split Tensile Strength (MPa) 7 Days Split Tensile Strength (MPa) 28 Days

Figure 5. Split Tensile Strengths of Various Mix

From the above result Mix 4 which is having 15% of Marble Dust powder
shows higher split tensile strength of the concrete.

Modulus of Elasticity
Young’s modulus (E) E is defined as the stress required to produce unit
strain. As per IS: 456-2000 code, the E of concrete depends on the grade of the
concrete characteristic compressive strength of the con crete. Modulus of
elasticity of concrete can be determined by compressometer and test procedure
is specified under Indian standard code IS:516-1959.

Table 5. Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete

Split Tensile Strength (GPa)
S.No Mix
28 Days
1 Mix 1 23.45
2 Mix 2 25.49
3 Mix 3 26.93
4 Mix 4 29.15
5 Mix 5 26.46

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Dhanalakshmi, Hameed

Figure 6. Testing of Modulus of Rigidity

Modulus of Elasticity
35
Modulus of Elasticity (GPa)

29.15
30 26.93 26.46
25.49
25 23.45

20
15
10
5
0
Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4 Mix 5
Mix
Figure 7. Test Results on Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The use of leftover marble dust powder as a concrete constituent resulted
in a satisfactory slump of fresh concrete. Marble dust had a strength of 15%
larger than the control after 28 days. The addition of marble dust powder, on
the other hand, enhanced the tensile strength by 15%. By adding 15% marble
dust powder to concrete, the compressive strength of the concrete was
improved. For both cubes and cylinders, the optimal percentage for replacing
sand with Marble waste is 15%. Because Marble Dust powder is inexpensive,
this study proposed a simple and practical method for reducing concrete
manufacturing costs.
Based on the findings of the test results and analyses of marble dust
powder concrete, including marble dust powder into the production of green
concrete might be a potential method for improving concrete performance. The
effect of marble dust powder is responsible for enhancing compressive strength.

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 East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR)
Vol. 1, No. 11, 2022 : 2521-2530
Because the MDP present in the concrete reacts with cement gradually, it
contributes to the overall strength of the concrete mix design. Furthermore,
MDP aids in the reduction of the pore structure of concrete, which in turn aids
in enhancing the material's strength. Because of the large increase in toughness,
Marble dust powder concrete can withstand a greater level of stress, and as a
result, concrete buildings built of Marble dust powder concrete can hold more
weight.

FURTHER STUDY
Construction expenses have mostly grown unaffordable in recent years.
Civil engineering institutes and stakeholders throughout the world have
worked to develop recyclable and resource-saving concrete for building
applications in order to reduce these expenses. The majority of environmental
issues arise from the disposal of trash in areas where marble sculpting takes
place.

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