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Consonant Sounds - Phonology

This document discusses consonant sounds in English. It defines consonants as sounds produced by blocking air flow from the lungs partially or completely. Consonants are classified based on place of articulation (where in the mouth they are produced) and manner of articulation (how air flow is blocked). The places of articulation include bilabial, dental, labiodental, palatal, alveolar, palato-alveolar, velar, and glottal. The manners of articulation include plosive, fricative, affricate, nasal, lateral, and approximant. The document describes the 24 consonant sounds of English.

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Ibraheem Aribidesi
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19 views

Consonant Sounds - Phonology

This document discusses consonant sounds in English. It defines consonants as sounds produced by blocking air flow from the lungs partially or completely. Consonants are classified based on place of articulation (where in the mouth they are produced) and manner of articulation (how air flow is blocked). The places of articulation include bilabial, dental, labiodental, palatal, alveolar, palato-alveolar, velar, and glottal. The manners of articulation include plosive, fricative, affricate, nasal, lateral, and approximant. The document describes the 24 consonant sounds of English.

Uploaded by

Ibraheem Aribidesi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1 Ridwan OSHIOYEMI 

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Communication in English  1 - Sound Patterns in English Language  Consonant Sounds

Consonant Sounds
Consonants sounds are those sounds that are produced by setting air in motion from the lungs.
Consonant sounds often represent certain speech sounds that are realised when the air passage is
blocked totally or partially before it leaves the mouth, such as with the tongue, lips, or throat.

Classification of Consonant Sounds

Consonant sounds are classified into the following categories based on two parameters, namely:

i. Place of articulation – with reference to the parts of the mouth that are used to
pronounce the particular sounds. by virtue of the pronunciation organs, consonant sounds are
classified into the following categories:

Bilabial – the upper lip and lower lip come in complete contact with each other, e.g., /m/
Dental – the tip of the tongue touches the teeth mildly.
Labio-dental – the lower lip and the upper teeth come in contact with each other.
Palatal – the body of the tongue touches the hard palate.
Alveolar – the tip or blade of the tongue touches the alveolar ridge.
Palato-alveolar – the blade/tip of the tongue touches the alveolar ridge, and the body of the
tongue approaches the hard palate.
Velar – the body of the tongue comes in contact with the soft palate (also called the velum).
:
Glottal – the vocal cords come into contact and produce friction.

ii. Manner of articulation – with reference to the movement of air from the lungs and
through and out of the nose and mouth. the classification of the consonants of English based on the
features related to the manner of production are presented as follows:

Plosive – a sound produced by the air being blocked inside the vocal tract followed by the
release of air from the mouth.
Fricative – a sound produced by positioning the mouth in a particular manner so as to partially
block the air coming out of the mouth.
A"ricate – a combination of a plosive and fricative manner, in which sound is produced by the
blocking of air and finally releasing it through a partial passage.
Nasal – a sound produced when the air passes and escapes through the nose.
Lateral – a sound produced by the air escaping from the mouth and sides of the tongue.
Approximant – a sound produced when the tip of the tongue slightly touches the alveolar ridge,
and the air escapes through the gap between the tongue and the alveolar ridge.

Description of the English Consonant Sounds

The twenty-four (24) consonant sounds of English are described as follows:


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1. Phonology

Phonology studies speech sounds in isolation.


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