EF-304 Occupational Safety

& Health
Dept of Electrical Engg
Control of Hazardous Energy
(Lockout/
Tagout Systems)
Hazardous Energy
• Energy sources including electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic,
chemical, thermal, or other sources in machines and equipment can
be hazardous to workers.
• During the servicing and maintenance of machines and equipment,
the unexpected startup or release of stored energy can result in
serious injury or death to workers.
Harmful Effects of Hazardous Energy
• Workers servicing or maintaining machines or equipment may be
seriously injured or killed if hazardous energy is not properly
controlled.
• Injuries resulting from the failure to control hazardous energy during
maintenance activities can be serious or fatal!
• Injuries may include electrocution, burns, crushing, cutting,
lacerating, amputating, or fracturing body parts, and others.
• A steam valve is automatically turned on burning workers who are
repairing a downstream connection in the piping.
• A jammed conveyor system suddenly releases, crushing a worker who
is trying to clear the jam.
• Internal wiring on a piece of factory equipment electrically shorts,
shocking worker who is repairing the equipment.
• Craft workers, electricians, machine operators, and laborers are
among the millions of workers who service equipment routinely and
face the greatest risk of injury.
Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout
Systems)
Occupational Health and Safety
Management Systems
OSHSAS 18001
Introduction
• Occupational health & safety management systems are not just your
health and safety program.
• It includes health and safety policies, systems, standards, and
records.
• Having an effective management system improves the ability to
continuously identify hazards and control risks at workplace.
Components of Effective OHS Management
System
• Management leadership and commitment
Leadership and commitment by senior management (the CEO or most senior
management) provides the vision, establishes policy, sets goals, and provides
resources to lead and support the implementation of OHS management
programs and system.
• Safe work procedures and written instructions
Safe work procedures and practices ensure that everyone in the organization
knows their responsibilities and can perform their duties effectively. There
should be safe work procedures on an organizational level, such as how to
conduct a risk assessment, as well as on a worker level, such as how to lock
out properly.
• Health and safety training and instruction
Everyone in the workplace ─ from senior management to frontline workers ─
needs to understand their responsibilities when it comes to implementing
and maintaining a healthy and safe workplace.
Senior management should understand their role in establishing policies and
continually driving the OHS management system and programs.
Employers must ensure that workers are trained, qualified, and competent to
perform their tasks.
Supervisors must provide adequate instruction and oversight to workers so
they can safely perform their work.
And workers need to work safely, according to how they were trained.
• Identifying hazards and managing risk
Managing the risk in workplace includes identifying hazards, assessing
the risks those hazards present, and controlling the risks to prevent
workers from getting injured.
• Inspection of premises, equipment, workplaces & work practices
Workplace inspections can help to continually identify hazards and
prevent unsafe working conditions from developing.
• Investigation of incidents
Conducting incident investigations helps identify immediate, and root
causes of unsafe conditions.
It also identifies ways to prevent similar incidents from happening in
the future.
The Occupational Health and Safety Regulation has specific
requirements for incident investigation documentation and reporting
that employers are required to meet.
• Program administration
Regularly assessing how well your organization is doing when it comes
to meeting its health and safety goals is essential to improving your
OHS management system.
Maintaining accurate records of your OHS management system
activities will provide useful information to help you continually
improve.
• Joint health and safety committee & representatives
Joint health and safety committees and health and safety
representatives assist the organization by bringing together employers
and workers to jointly identify and resolve health and safety issues in
workplace.
They also participate in developing and implementing OHS
management system.
OHSAS 18001
OHSAS 18001
• OHSAS 18001, Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series,
(officially BSOHSAS 18001) is an internationally applied British
Standard for occupational health and safety management systems.
• OHSAS 18001 was one of the International Standard for Occupational
Health and Safety Management Systems. It provided a framework for
the effective management of OH&S including all aspects of risk
management and legal compliance, and it addressed occupational
health and safety rather than any specific product safety matters.
Origins
• Organizations worldwide recognize the need to control and improve
health and safety performance and do so with occupational health
and safety management systems (OHSMS).
• Recognizing this deficit, an international collaboration called the
Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) Project
Group was formed to create a single unified approach.
• The Group comprised representatives from national standards bodies,
academic bodies, accreditation bodies, certification bodies and
occupational safety and health institutions, with the UK’s national
standards body, BSI Group, providing the secretariat.
Development
• Drawing on the best of existing standards and schemes, the OHSAS
Project Group published the OHSAS 18000 Series in 1999. The Series
consisted of two specifications:
• 18001 provided requirements for an OHS management system and
• 18002 gave implementation guidelines.
• In 2005, around 16,000 organizations in more than 80 countries were
using the OHSAS 18001 specification.
• By 2009 more than 54,000 certificates had been issued in 116
countries to OHSAS or equivalent OHSMS standards.
How to establish OHSAS 18001 Occupational
health and safety management system
• Establish an occupational, health and safety policy and OHS objectives
and programs
• Ensure document and record control
• Define resources, roles, responsibilities, accountability and authority
with regard to the OHSMS
• Implement an adequate occupational, health and safety
communication, participation and consultation process
• Maintain good operational control
• Maintain good operational control
• Meet strict criteria in relation to incident investigation
• Identify the deal with OHS non conformities by applying corrective
and preventative action
• Monitor and measure the occupation, health and safety performance
of the organization
• Audit the system and review the system at a management level
periodically
Similarities between OHSAS 18001 vs ISO
14001
• Legal and other requirements
• Objectives and targets
• Competence, training and awareness
• Communication
• Documentation
• Control of documents
• Operational control
• Monitoring and measurement
• Evaluation of compliance
• Nonconformity, corrective and preventive actions
• Control of records
• Internal audit
• Management review
Difference between OHSAS 18001 vs ISO
14001
• The main difference between ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 is that:
• ISO 14001 focuses on managing your organization’s impact on the
external environment, to reduce pollution and comply with
regulations
• OHSAS 18001 focuses on managing your organization’s internal
environment to ensure a safe and healthy workplace.