CHAPTER – 10

VECTOR ALGEBRA
WORK SHEET
Based on Exercise 10.2
MODEL – I
1. Find the magnitude of the vector 𝑎⃗ = 3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂. Ans: 7
2. Find the vector joining the points 𝑃(2, 3, 0) and 𝑄(−1, −2, −4) directed from P to Q.
Ans: −𝑖̂ − 5𝑗̂ − 4𝑘̂

MODEL – 2
3. Find the values of 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑧 so that the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 𝑥𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 𝑧𝑘̂ and 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑦𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ are equal.
Ans: 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 2, 𝑧 = 1.
4. If 𝑎⃗ = 𝑥𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 𝑧𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂ − 𝑦𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ are two equal vectors, then write the value of 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧.
Ans: 0

MODEL – 3
5. Find the sum of the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = −2𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 6𝑗̂ − 7𝑘̂.
Ans: −4𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂
6. Find the sum of the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 3𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ .
Ans: 3𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂

MODEL – 4
2 3 1
7. Find unit vector in the direction of vector 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ . Ans: 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
√14 √14 √14
1 1 2
8. Find the unit vector in the direction of the vector 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂. Ans: 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
√6 √6 √6

9. Find a vector in the direction of vector 2𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂ which has magnitude 21 units.
Ans: 6𝑖̂ − 9𝑗̂ + 18𝑘̂
10. Write a vector in the direction of vector 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ that has magnitude 9 units.
Ans: 3𝑖̂ − 6𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , where P and Q have coordinates (5,0,8) and (3,3,2),
11. Find a unit vector in the direction of 𝑃𝑄
2
respectively. Ans: − (𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂)
7

12. Write a unit vector in the direction of vector ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

PQ, where P and Q are the points (1, 3, 0) and (4, 5, 6)
1
respectively. Ans: (3𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂)
7

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13. Find the unit vector in the direction of the sum of the vectors, 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = −𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂.
1 5
Ans: 𝑖̂ + 𝑘̂
√26 √26

14. If 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, find a unit vector parallel to the vector 2𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ +
3 3 2
3𝑐⃗. Ans: 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂
√22 √22 √22

15. If 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 4𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, then find a vector of magnitude 6 units which
is parallel to the vector 2𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ + 3𝑐⃗. Ans: 2𝑖̂ − 4𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂
1
16. Find The value of 𝑝 for which 𝑝(𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂) is a unit vector is Ans: 𝑝 = ±
√3

MODEL – 5
2 1 5
17. Write the direction cosines of the vector −2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ . Ans: (− , ,− )
√30 √30 √30

18. Find the direction cosines of the line joining the points 𝑃(4, 3, −5) and 𝑄(−2, 1, −8).
6 2 3
Ans: ( , 7 , 7)
7

19. Show that the points 𝐴(−2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂), 𝐵(𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶(7𝑖̂ − 𝑘̂) are collinear.
20. Using vectors, find the value of 𝑘 such that the points (𝑘, −10, 3), (1, −1, 3) and (3, 5, 3) are collinear.
Ans: 𝑘 = −2

Based on Exercise 10.3

MODEL – I
1. Find 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ , if 𝑎⃗ = 3𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂. Ans: 9
2. If 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐⃗ = 5𝑖̂ − 4𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂, then find the value of (𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗). 𝑐⃗.
Ans: 3
3. Two vectors 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ are such that |𝑎⃗| = 2 and |𝑏⃗⃗| = 1 and 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ = 1 then find the value of

(3𝑎⃗ − 5𝑏⃗⃗ ). (2𝑎⃗ + 7𝑏⃗⃗). Ans: 0

MODEL – 2
4. If 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = ⃗0⃗ and |𝑎⃗| = 3, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 5, |𝑐⃗| = 7 then, find the value of 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗. 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗. 𝑎⃗.
83
Ans: − 2

5. Three vectors 𝑎⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ satisfy the condition 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = 0. Evaluate the quantity 𝜇 = 𝑎⃗ . 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ . 𝑐⃗ +
21
𝑐⃗ . 𝑎⃗. if |𝑎⃗| = 1, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 4, |𝑐⃗| = 2. Ans: −
2

(OR)
Three vectors 𝑎⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗ , 𝑐⃗ satisfies the condition 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = ⃗0⃗. Find the value of 𝑎⃗ . 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗. 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗. 𝑎⃗. If
21
|𝑎⃗| = 1, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 4 and |𝑐⃗| = 2. Ans: − 2

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 MODEL – 3
𝜋
6. If |𝑎⃗| = √3, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 2 and 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3. Find the angle between 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗. Ans: 𝜃 =
6
1
7. Find the angle between the vectors 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ and 3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂. Ans: 𝜃 = cos −1 ( )
2√39

8. Let 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ be two-unit vectors and θ is the angle between them. Then find the angle 𝜃 if 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ is a
2𝜋
unit vector. Ans: 𝜃 = 3

9. Vectors 𝑎⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ are such that 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ +𝑐⃗ = ⃗0⃗ and |𝑎⃗| = 3, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 5 and |𝑐⃗| = 7. Find the angle between
𝜋
𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗. Ans: 𝜃 = 3

MODEL – 4
10. If 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ find 𝜆 such that 𝑎⃗ is perpendicular to 𝜆𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗.
Ans: 𝜆 = −2
11. If the vector 𝑎⃗ = 𝜆𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝜆𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ are perpendicular, then find the value of 𝜆.
Ans: 𝜆 = −5

MODEL – 5
5
12. Write the projection of 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ along the vector 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂. Ans:
√2

13. Find the projection of the vector 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ on the vector 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ .
Ans: 4

MODEL – 6
14. If 𝑎⃗ is a unit vector and (𝑥⃗ − 𝑎⃗). (𝑥⃗ + 𝑎⃗) = 24, then find |𝑥⃗|. Ans: |𝑥⃗| = 5
15. If sum of two-unit vectors 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ is a unit vector, show that the Magnitude of their difference is √3.
Ans: √3

Based on Exercise 10.4

MODEL – I
1. Find |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗|, 𝑖𝑓𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂. Ans: √507

2. Find|𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗|, if 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 7𝑗̂ + 7𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂. Ans: 19√2

MODEL – 2
3. Find the sine of the angle between the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂.
2
Ans: 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 =
√7

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 2√6
4. If 𝜃 is the angle between two vectors 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ and 3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, find 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃. Ans: 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 =
7

MODEL – 3
2
5. If vectors 𝑎⃗ and b⃗⃗ are such that, |𝑎⃗| = 3, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 3 and 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ is a unit vector, then write the angle between
𝜋
𝑎⃗ and b⃗⃗. Ans: 𝜃 = 4

6. If θ is the angle between any two vectors 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗, then find the angle 𝜃 if |𝑎⃗ . 𝑏⃗⃗| = |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗|.
𝜋
Ans: 𝜃 =
6

7. Find the angle between two vectors 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ with magnitudes 1 and 2 respectively and when |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗|=√3
𝜋
Ans: 𝜃 =
3

MODEL – 4
8. Find 𝜆 and 𝜇 𝑖𝑓 (𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 9𝑘̂) × (3𝑖̂ − 𝜆𝑗̂ + 𝜇𝑘̂) = ⃗0⃗. Ans: 𝜇 = 27, 𝜆 = −9
9. Find 𝜆, if (2𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 14𝑘̂ ) × (𝑖̂ − 𝜆𝑗̂ + 7𝑘̂) = 0 Ans: 𝜆 = −3
27
10. If (2𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 27𝑘̂ ) × (𝑖̂ + 𝑝𝑗̂ + 𝑞𝑘̂) = ⃗0⃗, then find the values of 𝑝 and 𝑞. Ans: 𝑝 = 3, 𝑞 = 2

MODEL – 5
11. Find unit vector perpendicular to each of the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 4𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂.
̂
7𝑖̂−6𝑗̂ −10𝑘
Ans: ±
√185

12. Find a unit vector perpendicular to both the vectors 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗, where 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 7𝑗̂ + 7𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂ −
̂
𝑗̂ +𝑘
2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ . Ans: ±
√2

13. Find a unit vector perpendicular to both of the vectors 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ where 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑖̂ +
̂)
(𝑖̂−2𝑗̂ +𝑘
2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ . Ans: ∓
√6

14. Find a unit vector perpendicular to both of the vectors 3𝑎⃗ + 2𝑏⃗⃗ and 3𝑎⃗ − 2𝑏⃗⃗, where 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ =
̂
−𝑖̂+2𝑗̂ −𝑘
𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂. Ans:
√6

MODEL – 6
15. Find the area of a parallelogram whose adjacent sides are represented by the vectors 2𝑖̂ − 3𝑘̂ and 4𝑗̂ +
2𝑘̂. Ans: 4√14 sq.units
16. Find the area of the parallelogram whose adjacent sides are determined by the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂
and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 7𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ . Ans: 15√2 sq. Units

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17. Find the area of the parallelogram whose diagonals are represented by the vectors 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂ and
𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ . Ans: 3𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
18. Find the area of the parallelogram, whose diagonals are 𝑑⃗1 = 5𝑖̂ and ⃗⃗d2 = 2𝑗̂. Ans: 5 Sq.units

MODEL – 7
𝑂𝐴 = 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ and 𝑂𝐵
19. Find the area of a triangle formed by vectors O, A and B, where ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = −3𝑖̂ −

2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ is Ans: 6√5 𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

20. Using vectors, find the area of the triangle ABC with vertices 𝐴(1, 2, 3), 𝐵(2, −1, 4) and 𝐶(4, 5, −1).
1
Ans: √274 𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
2

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