BP- 181

Class R ister Number

Candidate Name

PEIRCE SECONDARY SCHOOL

MID-YEAR EXAMINATION 2019
SECONDARY THREE EXPRESS

Chemistry 6092
07 May 2019
2 hours
Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so.

Write your name, index number and class on the answer sheet in the spaces provided

Section A
There are thirty questions in this section. Answer all questions. For each question, there are four
possible answers, A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider conect and record your choice in
soft pencil on the separate answer sheet.

Section B
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.

Sec-tion C
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper
Answer only one question from Question 1 1.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

A mpy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 32.

For Examine/s [Jse

PARENT'S SIGNATURE Section A
Section B
Section C
Total

This paper consists of 32 printed pages and 0 blank page.

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Name lndex Number Class

PEIRCE SECONDARY SCHOOL

F]RST SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2019
SECONDARY THREE EXPRESS

CHEMISTRY 6092
2 hours
5 May 2019
Additional materials: Multi Choice Answer Sheet

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, index number and class on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.

Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so.

Section A (Multiple Choice)

There are thirty questions in this section. For each question there are four possible answers
A, B, G and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record in soft pencil on the
separate Answer Sheet.

Section B
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

Section C
Answer all three questions. The last question is in the form either/or.
Write your answers on the writing papers provided.
At the end of the examination, fasten any separate answer paper used securely to the
question paper. For Examiner's Use
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 31.
Section A

Section B
Section C

Total
Setter: Mr Ashwin

This document consists of 31 printed pages and 1 blank page

urn

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Section A (30 marks)

1 Vienna travelled to Venus, the hottest planet, and brought along some items with
her. Venus has a minimum surface temperature of -220 'C and maximum
surface temperature of 420 'C.

Which of the following items will not show a change of state on Venus when the
surface temperature changes from minimum to maximum?

Boiling
Item Melting PoinUoG
PoinUoC
'100
A water 0
B sodium chloride 801 1413
I
c carbon dioxide -78 -57
o oxygen -219 -183

2 Which of the following observations is an exception to the behaviour predicted by

our understanding of the kinetic particle theory?

A The smell from a bottle of perfume when opened can be detected from
across the room in a short while.
B When liquid water freezes, the ice formed occupies a bigger volume'
C Salt solution can be prepared by adding table salt to water without stining
D When an inflated balloon is placed in liquid nitrogen, it flattens but regains its
shape when returned to room temperature.

3 Which of the following apparatus cannot be used to measure volume?

A beaker
B measuring cylinder
C pipette
D test tube

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4 Gas X can be prepared by the following apparatus.

Gas X is collected

liquid reagent

Solid reagent

aqueous reagent

What can you deduce about gas X?

I It is less dense than air.

il It is denser than air.
ilt It is insoluble in water.
IV It is soluble in water.

A I and lll only.

B I and lV only.
G ll and lll only.
D ll and lV only.

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5 The following setup was used by a student to separate a mixture of ethanol and
water.

thcrnunrtcr

watcr {rul

condcnscr

fractionating
column

It cold /
flasl water il
liquid
rl}i l,'a conical 0
0

t
heet
anli-bumping
gtnnulc

Which of the following is an enor in the setup?

A A wrong container was used to collect the distillate.

B The conical flask containing the distillate was enclosed with a cork.
G The direction of flow of the water through the condenser was wrong.
D The thermometer was placed too high in the fractionating column.

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6 Ghromatogram 1 below shows the separation of coloured inks in mixture Q,

using solvent A. Chromatogram 2 shows the separation using the same piece
of paper after it has been rotated anti-clockwise 90' in another solvent, B.

a
rotate
a
anticlockwise
90'
1>
a

a
'lc sta ng line
aa a( ?
2d slarting line
o

orEinal
polilion ofo
chromatogram 1 chromatogram 2

How many different types of ink are present in mixture Q?

A3
B4
c5
D7

7 When iron filings and powdered sulfur are mixed together, it is still possible to
see grains of each substance. However, if these two substances are heated
together, a red glow is seen and a grey solid remains at the end of the
experiment in which no separated grains of iron or sulfur can be seen.

Which statement is correct about iron and sulfur based on the description above?

A lt is a compound at room temperature and a grey compound when heated.

B lt is a compound at room temperature and a grey mixture when heated.
C lt is a mixture at room temperature and a grey compound when heated.
D lt is a mixture at room temperature and a grey mixture when heated.

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L

8 Which of the following diagrams represents a reaction between two elements

which is not yet completed?

c
A
-a
UO t CI
rq fro
tlO iC,
B D

n
t?
ot
6

I Which of the following statement about an atom is correct?

A All elements have only one nucleon (mass) number.

B The nucleon (mass) number can be less than the proton (atomic) number.
C The nucleon (mass) number can be equal to the proton (atomic) number.
D The number of neutrons never equals the number of electrons.

10 A giant molecule is made up of a large amount of carbon, mainly isotopes 12C

and 13C. lt was found that the average relative atomic mass of carbon in the
molecule is 12.2.
12C to 13C?
What is the ratio by mass of

A4 1

B1 4
c3 4
D3 I

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,7

11 Which of the following consist of only compounds?

(i) air
(ii) oxygen
(iii) steam
(iv) carbon dioxide
A (i) and (ii)
B (ii) and (iii)
C (iii) and (iv)
D (iv) only

{2 ln an experiment, a sample containing Ba2*, 52- and a neutron were passed

through an electric field. Analysis of the deflection of the particles occuning at
the electric region revealed the following data for the sample.

Source

G
What would E, F and G be?

E F G
A neutron Ba2* s2-
I
B neutron s2- Ba2*

c s2 neutron Ba2*

D Ba2* neutron s2-

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13 An element, R, has p protons and n neutrons in its nucleus

Which row gives a possible conect number of protons, neutrons and electrons
in a negative ion of an isotope of R?

number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons

A p n+'l p+1

B p+1 n p+1

c p n+1 p-'l
D p+'1 n p-1

'14 Which ion has the most number of electron shells that contain electrons?

A AI3-
B Bet*
cN3-
DS'

15 ln which one of these substances below is there the smallest number of

electrons shared?

AFz
B CHr
C COz
D ClzO

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16 Which compound has both ionic and covalent bonds?

A ammonium chloride
B carbon dioxide
C silicon dioxide
D sodium chloride

17 The outer shells of three elements W, X and Y contain 2, 6 and 7 electrons

respectively. What are the likely formulae of their compounds?

A XY and VIIYz
B XYz and WX
C XzY and WX
D WzX and WzY

18 The melting point of aluminium oxide is much higher than the melting point of
calcium oxide.

Which statement explains this?

A A calcium ion has a smaller charge than an aluminium ion.

B A calcium ion has more protons than an aluminium ion.
C A calcium ion has more neutrons than an aluminium ion.
D Calcium is more reactive than aluminium.

19 The table below shows some of the physical properties of four substances A, B,
c, D.

substance melting boiling electricity conductivity solubility

poinV oC poinU oC solid state liquid state in water
A 167 445 poor poor insoluble
B 585 1860 poor qood soluble
c 1830 2380 poor poor insoluble
D 1553 2989 qood good insoluble

Which of the following statements about the four substances is correct?

A Substance C is a giant covalent compound with mobile ions.

B Substance D is a giant covalent compound with mobile electrons.
C Substance B is an ionic compound with mobile electrons held by strong
electrostatic forces.
D Substance A is a simple molecular compound containing weak covalent
bonds between molecules.

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l0

20 Which statement about diamond is correct?

A lt conducts electricity.
B lt has a giant ionic lattice.
C lt has the same structure as copper.
D The carbon atoms are covalently bonded.

21 The diagram below shows the arrangement of ions in an ionic crystal. Which
compound cannot have this anangement of ions?

A Barium chloride, BaClz

B Coppe(ll) sulfate, CuSOa
C Silver chloride, AgCl
D Sodium chloride, NaCl

22 Which of the following is true about the structure of copper metal?

A The flow of atoms in the metal allows copper to conduct electricity.

B The flow of electrons in the metal allows copper to conduct electricity.
C The flow of ions in the metal allows copper to conduct electricity.
D The flow of protons in the metals allows copper to conduct eleckicity.

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23 A compound has the formula CO(NHz)2. How many elements are present in one
molecule of the compound?

A4
B5
c6
o7

24 The process of respiration occurs to provide the energy required for the daily
activities of humans. During this process, glucose from our food reacts with
oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, as shown in the equation below.

t CoHtzOo + u Oz -- v COz + w HzO

Which of the following shows the conect set of values for t, u, v and w?

t u w
A 1 6 t) 6

B 2 6 9 b
c I I 6 12

D 2 12 o 12

25 The percentage composition of an unknown element X in CsHzX is 45.2%.

Which of the following is element X?

AO
BCI
CBr
DS

26 How many atoms are present in 8.8 g of carbon dioxide?

A 1.2x1023
B 2.4 x 1023
C 3.6 x 1023
D 30.0 x 1023

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t2

27 Which of the following compounds contains the highest percentage by mass of

nitrogen?

A ammonia, NHa
B urea, (NHz)zCO
G ammonium carbonate, (NHn)zCOs
D ammonium carbamate, NHzCOzNHT

28 What is the maximum mass of chromium Cr, that can be extracted from 769 of
chromium(lll) oxide?

A 489
B 529
c 1049
D 152 g

29 0 cm3 of propane was burnt completely in 100 cm3 of oxygen, as shown in the
'l

equation below.

CeHa (g) + sOz (9) ) 4HzO (l) + 3COz (S)

What is the total volume of gases present at the end of the reaction?

A 80 cm3
B 110 cm3
C 30 cm3
D 50 cm3

30 ln polluted air, the white paint pigment in older oil paints form lead (ll) sulfide,
PbS, which is black in colour. Hydrogen peroxide is used to restore the white
colour of the paint, as shown in the equation below.

PbS (s) + 4HzOz (aq) ) PbSOr (s) + 4HrO (l)

white pigment

What is the mass of hydrogen peroxide required to react with 0.7179 of

lead (ll) sulfide?

A 0.003 g
B 0.204 g
C 0.408 g
D 1.324 g

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13

Section B (40 marks)

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

Bl When nitrogen dioxide, NOz, is cooled, it forms a yellow liquid and then pale
yellow crystals. These crystals are heated and the temperature is measured every
minute. The following graph was obtained.

B
c

(a) How does the anangement and movement of the molecules at point A l2l
differ from that at point D?

(b) ln terms of kinetic particle theory, explain why temperature remains tlI
unchanged between point B and G.

(c) Draw the anangement of gaseous nitrogen dioxide molecules at room tl]
temperature and pressure. Use " 6fo " to represent a molecule of
nitrogen dioxide.

I Total: 4 marks ]

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t4

82 ln the Olympic games, athletes are chosen at random to undergo drug tests. The
athlete's urine sample was tested against known drugs that are banned using
paper chromatography. ln an investigation, an athlete's urine, sample U, is tested
against three known drugs X, Y and Z.

The first test is done using water as the solvent. The result is shown in Fig 2.1.
The second test is canied out using hexane as the solvent. The result is shown in
Fig2.2.

o I a
o a
o
a a
rt rt t, tt !t
U xYz U xYz
Fig 2.1 Fig2.2
(a) With reference to Fig 2.1 and Fig 2.2, state and explain if the athlete tlI
consumed the banned drugs.

(b) Explain why the spots on the two chromatograms are at different t1I
positions even though the urine sample U and the known drugs used
are the same.

(c) State and explain a precaution that should be taken to ensure proper t2l
separation will take place on the paper chromatogram.

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15

(d) The experiment was repeated, using 2-methylphenol as the solvent. tzt
Drug X produces a spot which has a Rt value of 0.45. Drug Y produces
a spot which is 1 cm further from spot X as measured from the
baseline. Drug Y has a Rr value of 0.55.

Calculate the distance travelled by drug Y and the distance travelled by

the solvent respectively.

I Total: 6 marks ]

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l6

83 The table below gives some information about four substances P, Q, R and S.
Use the information to decide whether each of these substances is an element, a
mixture or a compound.

Element i
Substance Properties Mixture /
Compound
P is a white solid which dissolves partially in
P
excess water.
Q is a yellow liquid, which undergoes
o chromatography forming only two spots on the
chromatoqram.
R is a colourless, pungent gas which is very
R
soluble in water.

S is a colourless gas with fixed composition and

s identical atoms.

I Total: 4 marks ]

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t7

84 50 cm3 of water was poured into a measuring cylinder.

50 cm3 of ethanol was measured and added to the water.

50 cm3 d
ethanol

stir
Mixture
50 cm3 (98 cm3)
water

The mixture was immediately stirred and its final volume was recorded.
The totat volume was found to be 98 cm3, not 100 cm3 as expected.

No other visible changes were observed.

A few students aftempted to explain the observation by providing three reasons.

(a) Reason 1 : "Some ethanol molecules escaped as gas into the t2l
atmosphere.'

Do you agree with this explanation? Explain your answer.

(b) Reason 2: "Ethanol and water reacted to form a gas which escaped.' t2t
Do you agree with this explanation? Explain your answer.

(c) Reason 3: "Ethanol particles moved into the spaces between the water t2]
particles"

Do you agree with this explanation? Explain your answer.

I Total: 6 marks ]

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l8

85 ln the diagram below, a large beaker full of methane gas is inverted over a porous
pot containing nitrogen gas. The water level in the righlarm of the U-tube rises as a
result.

large beaker
methane gas
nibogen gas
porous pot

U-tube

(a) Explain why the water level in the rightarm of the U-tube rises. 121

(b) Suggest a gas to replace nitrogen so that the water level in the righlarm t1I
of the U-tube drops instead.

(c) A student suggested replacing the nitrogen gas in the porous pot with 121
ammonia gas in another similar experiment.

Give a reason why this would not be a good idea.

I Total: 5 marks ]

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86 Magnesium is a mixture of three isotopes. The principal isotope is magnesium - 24

which constitutes about 78.9% of natural magnesium' The other two isotopes are
magnesium-2S and magnesium-26. The average mass (relative atomic mass) of
one magnesium atom is 24.3.

(a) Define the term 'isotopes'. t1l

(b) Calculate the percentage abundance of magnesium-25. t3l

I Total: 4 marks ]

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87 Bromine is used to produce many useful chemicals. Sodium bromide (NaBr) is used to
treat seizures in dogs and cats while tetrabromomethane (CBru) is used as a solvent for
greases, waxes and oils.

(a) Draw the 'dot and cross' diagram to show the bonding in tetrabromomethane. a2l
Show only the valence electrons.

(b) Sodium bromide has a melting poinl ol 747 oC while tetrabromomethane has t3I
a melting point of 9l oC. Explain, in terms of structure and bonding, why
sodium bromide has a much higher melting point than tetrabromomethane.

(c) (i) Name a method which may be used to separate the oils which are tll
dissolved in tetrabromomethane.

(ii) How are the liquids separated using this separation technique? t1I

I Total: 7 marks ]

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2t

88 Copper and lodine are both solids which have different physical and chemical
properties. Each element has the same face - centered crystal structure which is
shown below.

The particles present in such a crystal may be atoms, molecules, positive. ionslr
negative ions. ln the diagram above, the particles present are repiesented byO

e
u
a
{l

When separate samples of copper and iodine are heated to 50 0C, the copper remains
as a solid while the iodine tums into a vapour.

(a) Explain, in terms of forces present in the solid structure, why iodine tums into 121
a vapour when heated to 50 oC.

(b) Explain, in terms of forces present in the solid structure, why copper remains 121
a solid at 50 oC.

I Total: 4 marks ]

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22

Section C (30 marks)

Answer all three questions from this section

The last guestion is in the form EITHER/OR and only one altemative should be
attempted.

G9 Read the information about elements and compounds in the Earth

The Earth's crust is the thin outer layer of the Earth. The pie charts show a comparison
of the percentages of elements in the whole Earth and in the Earth's crust.
OxWBn Oxygon
wh 460h

lron
35'h
Silicon
?8tu
Olher 7oA
Othor 32%
Polassium 2.3%
Calcium Aluminism
Magnssium
$ili:o{r liagnssftrn 4% lroll
1396
15% 6'16

Whole Earth Crust

ln the Earth's crust, silicon and oxygen are the most abundant elements. Rocks such as
quartz are made of covalently bonded compounds of silicon and oxygen. Typically,
quartz contains 46.7 % silicon and 53.3 % orygen by mass.

Some rocks such as feldspars contain ionic silicate compounds. These contain metal
ions ionically bonded to silicate ions. Examples of naturally occurring silicates are
shown in the table below.

name of silicate
formula
compound
forsterite MgzSiO+
phenacite BezSiOa
anorthite CaA/zSizOa
microcline KAJSiaOa

The formulae of the silicate @mpounds are not simple. Some silicate compounds
contain one type of metal ion, others contain more than one. All silicate ions contain
silicon and oxygen, but the numbers ofthe atoms and the charges on the ions vary. For
example,

phenacite (BezSiOa) contains only Be2' metal ions and the formula of its silicate
ion is SiOrL,
a microcline (KA/SisOa) contains K* and AF'metal ions and the formula of its
silicate ion is SirOa+.

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23

(a) Scientists believe that the centre of the Earth is an inner core made mainly of t1I
iron.

What evidence from the pie charts supports this idea?

(b) (i) Use the information to work out the empirical formula and hence the t3I
name of the main compound in quarE.

empiical formula

name

(ii) There are other compounds of oxygen found in the Earth's crust as well tll
as quartz.

Explain how the pie chart information shows this.

(c) Give the formulae of the ions present in anorthite tll

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(d) Beryllium and silicon can both be extracted from the mineral phenacite. 14I

Show by calculation that 1 kg of phenacite contains a larger mass of silicon

than beryllium but a larger number of moles of beryllium atoms than silicon
atoms.

I Total: 10 marks ]

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25

C10 To obtain the fragrant oils used in perfumes, a method called steam distillation is often
used.

Lavender oil is a perfume obtained from lavender flowers. Steam at 100'C is passed
through the flower petals in the apparatus below.

Water vapour and lavender oil vapour pass down a coppertube towards a beaker.

s€aled lld
co,p,per Xrb€
pressurselsse t3p

Br,ffitfbrBrS

ulrE

bollirg tv8br

I
Itest

(a) Suggest how you could heat the water to produce steam from the boiling t1I
water.

(b) Why are the lavender flowers being heated over a water bath, instead of 11I
direct heating?

(c) Suggest what happens as the steam passes through the lavender petals. t1I

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26

(d) (i) The lavender flowers are heated in a container with a sealed lid. 11I
Why must the lid be sealed?

(ii) What would happen if the container did not have a pressure-release tlI
valve?

(e) Lavender oil vapour and water vapour cool as they pass down the copper t1I
tube.

Suggest what is the purpose of the copper tube.

(f) A mixture of two immiscible liquids collects in the beaker. 12t

Name the two liquids and describe, with reasons how they would appear
when collected in the beaker.

(g) Suggest how you would separate the mixture in part (f). tll

(h) Suggest one change that you could propose to the setup of this method to nI
improve its efficiency.

I Total: 10 marks ]

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27

EITHER

C11 (a) Graphite, diamond and fullerene are all allotropes of carbon.

Graphite Oiamond Fullerene

(i) Explain, in terms of its structure and bonding, why graphite t31
(m.p.= 4200 oC) has a lower melting point as compared to diamond
(m.P.= 4500 oc).

(ii) Does fullerene conduct electricity? t2l

Explain your answer in terms of the structure and bonding of
fullerene.

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28

(b) Blue diamonds are an impure form of carbon. tll

Part of the structure of a blue diamond is shown below.

lD= caroon atom

O= boron atom

blue diamond

Suggest why blue diamonds can conduct electricity.

(c) Graphite, an allotrope of carbon, is used as a lubricant in industrial machineries,

which are operated at very high temperatures. The carbon atoms are bonded in
the way that is shown in diagram l.

Diagram I

(i) Describe two characteristics of this structure of graphite that allows it [2]
to be suitable to be used as a lubricant in industrial machineries.

Characteristic 1

Characteristic 2:

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(ii) ln diagram ll, a piece of pure graphite is connected to an open [2]

circuit.

Bu lb

I Battery

Contacl points

Graohite
^ E'

Diagram ll

When the circuit is connected across points A and B, the bulb lit up
very brightly. However, when the circuit is connected across points C
and D, the bulb does not light up.

Account for this observation, with reference to the structure and

bonding of graphite.

I Total: 10 marks ]

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30

OR I

Cl l Read the following passage carefully.

What do a glittering diamond and a lead pencil have in common? Diamond and
graphite have high melting point of 3700 0C and 3300 0C respectively and both
contain a wonderful poof of creation crlled carbon.

It is very interesting that the soft, breakable graphite in a pencil tip is made up of the
same atoms as a diamond. While one is soft, the other is extremely hard. Hardness
is the resistance of a mineral to scratches from outside forces; it is easy to recognize
minerals by this trait. The hardness of a crystal is measured on a scale devised by
Friederich Mohs. By scratching one mineral with another, their relative hardness can
be determined. Scientists rate diamonds with the highest ratio of ten over ten on the
Mohs scale. Unlike diamond , the hardness of graphite is /ess fhan one.

Graphite is also known to be a good conductor of electricity while diamond is an

insulator. While graphite is as black as a lump of charcoal and is commonly found in
nature, diamond may be sparkling bright and is rare. For all these reasons,
diamonds are much more valuable than graphite.

Adapted from: http://www.scientificamerican.com/afticle.cfm?id=how-can-qnphite-

and-diam&tooiclD-4

(a) Name the type of bond present in both diamond and graphite 11I

(b) With close reference to the bonding and structures, explain the following
statements:

(i) Graphite is a good conductor of electricity while diamond is an t3l

insulator.

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31

(ii) Diamond can be rated "ten over ten on the Mohs scale while the t4I
hardness of graphite is less than one".

(c) Explain why carbon can combine chemically with other elements to form t2I
compounds with structures that are different from diamond and graphite.

I Total: 10 marks ]

- The End -

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