MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

“MUMBAI”
A MICRO PROJECT ON
" Visit to water treatment plant"

Submitted by:

Name Enrolment No.

Tejas Dilip Nagare 2111690114

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

Prof Jangale A.J

Department of COMPUTER Engineering

Hon .Shri .Babanrao Pachpute Vichardhara Trust’s

PARIKRAMA POLYTECHNIC
Kashti ,Tal-Shrigonda ,Dist-Ahmednagar 414701
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work entitled
" Visit to water treatment plant "
Is Bonafide work carried out by
Mr. Tejas Dilip Nagare In Partial fulfilment for the award of
Diploma in Computer Engineering of MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, Mumbai at Parikrama
Polytechnic Kashti(Code :1169) has completed the micro-project
satisfactorily in course: Environmental Studies (22447).
For the academic year 2022-2023 as prescribed in the curriclum.
Place: Kashti
Date:

Subject Teacher Head of Dept. Principal

 Index
Sr. TITLE
NO
.
Aims
1
Course Outcome
2
Proposed methodology
3
Action Plan
4
Resources used
5
Introduction
6
Importance of drinking water
7
8 Conclusion

9 Reference
 Annexure-I

• Aims
The world today is facing the biggest challenge of survival.
Degradation of the ecosystem, depletion of natural
resources, and increasing levels of pollution pose a major
threat to the survival of mankind. The need of the hour,
therefore, is to concentrate on the area of environmental
aspects, which shall provide insight into various
environment-related issues. Ecological studies are an
interdisciplinary academic field that integrates physical,
chemical, and biological sciences with studying the
environment. It provides an integrated, quantitative, and
interdisciplinary approach to the study of environmental
systems & gives insight into solutions to environmental
problems.
• Course outcome

b. Select alternative energy resources for Engineering

Practice

d. Apply techniques to Reduce Environmental

Pollution
 • Proposed methodology
In this project, we get information about Visits to the
water treatment plants.
• Action Plan
Sr. Detail of activity Plan start Plan finish Name of
no date date responsibl
e team
members
1 discuss the project 10/10 10/10 Tejas
with the project
guide
2 collect information 12/10 13/10 Tejas
from the internet and
textbook
3 collect information 15/10 16/10 Tejas
from the EST
Environmental
Studies 22447
reference book
4 arrange all 18/10 18/10 Tejas
information in MS
word
5 Prepare a report on 28/10 29/10 Tejas
it using MS word
6 print micro project 21/12 21/12 Tejas
• Resources used

Sr. Name of resource Specifications Quantity

No material
1 computer Windows 11 1

2 Internet YouTube /
Wikipedia
3 textbook/manual EST 1
Environmental
Studies 22447
 Annexure-II
Micro-Project Report
A MICRO PROJECT ON " Visit to water treatment plant"

• Introduction
Water treatment is the process of removing contaminants
from wastewater and household water. It includes physical,
chemical, and biological processes to remove physical,
chemical, and biological contaminants. Its objective is to
produce an environmentally safe fluid waste stream and solid
waste suitable for disposal or reuse.
IMPORTANCE OF DRINKING WATER
 TREATMENT PLANT:
 SCREENING
 AERATION
 FLOCULATION
 SEDIMENTATION
 FILTERATION
 DISINFECTION
 SOFTENING

WHAT IS SCREENING?
 Screening is done to carry out the removal of heavy
suspended solids from the water, like:- plants, stones,
animals, trees, etc.
 Screening is generally adopted for the treatment of
surface water.
 Screening is done with the help of

1.Coarse Screen
2.Fine Screen
Coarse Screen:-
Coarse Screen in the form of a bar of size 10mm to 25mm
having a spacing of 2200mm center to center. Coarse
screens have clear spaces ranging from 6 to 150 mm (0.25 t0
6 in). Coarse screens consist of parallel bars, rods or wires,
wire mesh or perforated plates with openings typically of
circular or rectangular shapes. It is also called a “bar rack”
and is utilized to remove coarse solids such as rags and big
objects that may clog or cause harm to other
appurtenances. Based on the wastewater screening process
utilized to clean them, coarse screens are categorized into
two types:
 FINE SCREEN:
Fine Screen:- Fine screen in the form of a wire cross of size
10mm
The screening method in water treatment plants uses screens
that have clear openings less than 6mm called fine screens.
They are constructed of wire cloth, wedge wire, or perforated
plates. Like micro screens, they are tools for screening in
wastewater treatment that are utilized to extract fine solids.
Three common types of fine screening in wastewater
treatment are:

• Drum Screens (rotating cylinders in the flow channel)

• Step Screens (fixed and movable plates across the width of
the channel)
• and Static Wedge Wire Screens (used by big treatment
plants with ample floor space)

WHAT IS AERATION?
Aeration:- It is the process in which water of brought into
intimate contact with air. It releases undesirable gases. Co2,
H2S. It withdraws undesirable organic matter. Aeration is the
method by which air is distributed through, mixed with or
dissolved in a liquid or substance.
 Floculation:-
it is the process in which naturalize particles are in contact
with each other to elevate their resulting expanded size.
Flocculation is a water treatment method where solids form
larger clusters, or flocks, to be terminated from the water. This
process can happen spontaneously, or with the use of
chemical agents. It is a common process of storm water
treatment, wastewater treatment, and in the purification of
drinking water.
One of the needs for treated water leaving wastewater plants
is the reduction of suspended solids. Small solid particles
affect the color of the water and carry contaminants into our
natural water sources like rivers and the ocean.
Phosphorus content must also be restricted in wastewater as
a release of phosphorus into rivers encourages algae growth.
Uncontrolled releases of phosphorus have been known to
cause mass die-offs of fish and other marine life.

Some industrial applications develop high levels of

phosphorus in their wastewater, which may even need pre-
treatment before releasing it to wastewater treatment plants.
Sedimentation:
Sedimentation is the process that removes suspended
particles from the water which could not be removed in the
screening process. Sedimentation is one of the processes that
municipalities utilize for treating water. It is a physical water
treatment process. Gravity is utilized to extract suspended
solids from water.
The effectiveness relies on the size and weight of the
particles. Suspended solids that have a specific gravity
equivalent to water remain suspended while heavier particles
settle. The sedimentation method in wastewater treatment
usually happens in tanks of different shapes.

BENEFITS OF SEDIMENTATION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT

Sedimentation of water is one of the most fundamental
methods of filtering water, making it a method that is
generally utilized and understood throughout the world. It
may be utilized as a primary step in some water treatment
procedures. It supplies the following advantages to
municipalities that use it:
• Fewer chemicals are needed for subsequent water
treatment.
• It makes any subsequent methodology easier.
• The cost is lower than some other techniques.
• There is less variation in the quality of water that goes
through the process.
 Primary Sedimentation tank for sludge removal:

Filtration:-
It is carried out the removes fine suspended particles and flow from the
water. Filtration also removes organic matter. Microorganisms, and
minerals from the water,
Once the flocks have sunk to the bottom of the water, the clear water on
top is filtered to separate additional solids from the water. During
filtration, the clear water passes through filters that have distinct pore
sizes and are constructed of different materials (such as sand, gravel, and
charcoal). These filters remove dissolved particles and germs, such as
dust, chemicals, parasites, bacteria, and viruses. Activated carbon filters
also release any bad odors.

Water treatment plants can utilize a process called ultrafiltration in

addition to or rather a traditional filtration. During ultrafiltration, the
water goes through a filter membrane with very small pores. This filter
only lets through water and other small molecules (such as salts and tiny,
charged molecules).
Softening:-

Softening is accomplished in order to carry out the removal of

the hardness from the water. Water softening is accomplished
either by adding chemicals that form insoluble precipitates or
by ion exchange. On a small scale, chemicals used for
softening include ammonia, borax, calcium hydroxide (slaked
lime), or disodium phosphate, usually in conjunction with
sodium carbonate (soda ash). The lime-soda technique of
water softening must be followed by sedimentation and
filtration in order to terminate the precipitates. Water can be
chemically softened on a large scale by the addition of just
sufficiently lime to precipitate the calcium as the carbonate
and the magnesium as hydroxide, whereupon sodium
carbonate is added to terminate the remaining calcium salts.
• Actual Resources Used
• Conclusion
Water treatment is increasingly required due to drinking
water shortages and the growing requirements of the
global population. Of the planet's total water reserves,
only 2.5% is freshwater - and of this quantity, only 0.4% is
water fit for human consumption.
• Reference

https://jalshakti-ddws.gov.in/
https://wrd.maharashtra.gov.in/
http://cgwb.gov.in/