SWVSM’s

Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering and Technology,

Warananagar (An Autonomous Institute)

A
Synopsis Of Mini Project
entitled
“Oil Skimmer Machine”

Submitted by

Pratik Dipak Salunkhe

Tanmay Suresh Patil
Sourabh Nandu Salunkhe
Soham Rajendra Petkar

Of Third Year B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering

Under the Guidance of
Prof. P.N. Deshmukh
Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
during
Academic Year 2023-24
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled as ‘Oil Skimmer Machine’ has been successfully
completed by below mentioned students of Third Year Mechanical Engineering in partial
fulfilment of requirements of B. Tech in Mechanical Engineering from Tatya Saheb Kore
Institute of Engineering & Technology, during academic year 2023-24.

Pratik Dipak Salunkhe (238)

Tanmay Suresh Patil (234)
Sourabh Nandu Salunkhe (239)
Soham Rajendra Petkar (235)

Prof. P.N. Deshmukh Dr. P. V. Mulik Dr. S. V. Anekar

GUIDE H.O.D. PRINCIPAL

Date:
Place: Warananagar
RELEVANCE:

The obvious reason to use an oil skimmer is to remove oil from water. Aside from this, there are many
critical reasons to employ an oil skimmer. Using an oil skimmer can save a plant both time and money.
Read on for seven specific benefits.

Removed waste oil can be valuable to other industries that develop products with the waste oil. For
example, industries with vegetable oils or animal fats, as a by-product, can provide this valuable oil to
other industries to make products, such as biodiesel, soap, and animal feed. Waste petroleum oil can also
be recycled and cleaned and then receive additives to help make new petroleum oil.
The removal of oil prior to treatment reduces costs and makes the treatment more efficient, often
resulting in reduced surcharge. Some plants re-circulate their water after treatment, and others send it to a
city treatment plant.
It’s an automated process. Unlike time-consuming and costly manual skimming, an automatic oil
skimmer continuously removes oil unattended.
The cost of an outside contractor to haul away oil is greatly reduced with the installation of an oil
skimmer. Since an oil skimmer removes oil and not water, the facility is not charged for hauling away
water. Plus, with the container collecting oil without water, it is possible that the oil has value, thus
reversing the charge.
Using an oil skimmer prevents foul odors. When an oil layer forms on the water surface, it prevents
oxygen from reaching the water, allowing anaerobic bacteria to grow. This bacteria causes the odor.
If oil is left to build up, it can potentially be a fire hazard. An oil skimmer helps reduce that threat by
removing the oil.
Skimming can prevent clogs in lines and sprays by removing tramp oil from coolant. Tramp oil
removal maximizes the effect and life of the coolant and also increases the life of the tool.
LITERATURE REVIEW:
[1] Thombare Babasaheb B.1 (2018), has studies in their paper as named “A Review on Analysis
of Belt Type Skimmer”that according to polar and non- polar properties of oil and water, water
consist of H+ and OH- having polar nature while oil acts as an non-polar substance. Therefore, they
do not get mixed with each other and the oil floats on water instead of sinking in. They studied that
the oil has lesser density than water so oil floats on water. The belt material they selectedwas a non-
polar material due towhich the oil gets attracted to the belt. They took the belt material like (cotton,
rubber, steel, oeleophillic, etc.) They took the material that had higher adhesive properties than water.
Due to which the belt absorbs the oil more easily than the water. This is what they concluded in their
paper.
[2] Rakesh Pund1 (2018), Studied in their paper as named “Review on Analysis of Oil Skimmer”
that the polyurethane belt is having better oil skimming limit. They found out thatthe skimmer can
evacuate around 60-70 liters of oil each day. They concluded that the polyurethane belt is effective
and efficient for evacuating the oil.They even stated that the polyurethane belt is more advantageous
to utilize where less clamor activity is required. They performed a practical in which they tried
numerous belts (with different materials of belts) and concluded that the polyurethane belt has more
oil recovering capacity
[3] Mamta Patel (2015), has studied in her paper as named “Design and Efficiency Comparison of
Various Belt Type Oil Skimmers” that the slight difference in design and material can give a large
impact on the oil recovery capacity of the skimmer. She concluded that the improvement of the oil
skimmer towards to include additional belt shaft and use steel belt with steel material instead of rope
significantly improves the oil recovery efficiency ofthe skimmer. Even by making the changes in the
use of material as well as slight changes in the design (in short ifthe oil skimmer is modified a bit it
can improve that efficiency of oil recovering capacity of the oil skimmer and even make the skimmer
easy to use)
[4] Sathiyamoorthi V1 (2018), has studied in their paper named “A review on mobile oil skimmer”
about the oil recovery capacity and the oil recovery efficiency.They found out thatthe belt speed, belt
incline angle, thickness ofthe oil slick, and the speed ofthe belt are the important parameters among
the others. They studied that the water drops are collected along with the oil. So for the skimmer to
work efficiently it has to be reduced. Stirrer mechanism can be used to improve oil removal rate.
Thus various process have been developed to remove oilfrom the contaminated area by use of booms,
dispersants, and skimmers. It can also be separated by oil water separators or any sorbent materials.
They resulted thatthe design improvement ofthe typical oil skimmer towards the belt shaft and use of
skimmer belt significantly improve the oil recovery efficiency and also assimilates simpler. In short
they studied that the proper design of the skimmer and proper use of material can increase the oil
recovery rate of the skimmer and can work efficiently. The angles of the belt and the speed of the
belt plays an important role in the good efficiency of the skimmer.
[5] Rafi Jamal Algawi (2014), has studied in their paper named “study of operating conditions for
oil skimmer apparatus from water”that the oil recovery rate increases with the increase in belt
rotational speed. The oil recovery efficiency decreases with the increase in belt rotational speed.
They even resulted that the oil recovery rate increases with the decrease in the oil temperature, but
decrease in oil temperature decreases the oil efficiency rate. The studied that the oil viscosity plays
an important role in oil recovery using a oil skimmer. A lower temperature increases the oil recovery
rate and the oil recovery efficiency by increasing the viscosity. They even concluded thatthe PH of
the water has a significant effect on the oil as its changes its physical properties of the oil making it
difficult to be recovered. They even concluded that the material ofthe belt used on the skimmer has a
significant role as its changes the oil recovery rate of the skimmer. In short they concluded that the
factors like viscosity of the oil, belt material, surrounding atmosphere of the oil spill can change the
oil recovery rate as well as the oil recovery efficiency of the skimmer affecting the recovery of the
oil.
[6] Arturo A. Keller1 (2008) Studied in their paper named “oil recovery with novel skimmer
surfaces under cold climate conditions” that the temperature of the surrounding and oil plays a vital
role in the recovery of the oil. They concluded that as the temperature of the oil increases it becomes
difficult for the skimmer to skim it out of the water surface. Due to increasing temperature the
skimmer belt is enable to adsorb it as it becomes hard. The decreasing temperature of the oil
decreases the oil viscosity as a result decreasing the oil recovery rate of the skimmer. They
concluded that as the temperature of the oil decreases it becomes less cohesive to the belt used for
the skimming purpose. For the oil to be cohesive they studied and concluded to add the cohesive
materials to the oil beforeputting it through the skimming process. These cohesive material makes oil
to stick to the surface of the belt and recover the oil from the surface of the water. In short they
studied that the lower temperature atmospheres can make oil recovery difficult from the surface of
the water. For the purpose to recover the oil it is necessary to add some cohesive admixtures to the
oil spill for itto be recovered as it becomes non cohesive with the decreasing temperature of the
atmosphere. In short the viscosity of the oil plays a vital role in the oil recovery rate as well the oil
recovery efficiency.
PROBLEM DEFINITION:
Defining the problem related to oil skimmers typically involves specifying the issues, challenges, or goals
that are relevant to the use of these machines. The problem definition can vary depending on the context and
application. Here are some common problem statements related to oil skimmers:

PROBLEM JUSTIFICATION AND SOLUTION:

To minimize environmental impacts, consider these solutions:

 skimmers using eco-friendly materials that are resistant to oil and chemicals.

 Develop waste management plans for collected oil and waste materials, including recycling and
responsible disposal.

 Implement monitoring and Design assessment programs to track and minimize potential ecological
damage caused during skimming operations.

OBJECTIVE:

The objectives of project are:

1) To prepare a setup required for this project work.

2) To carry out skimming process and extract the oil from water surface.
PROPOSED WORK IN STEPS:
The work is planned in following phases:

Step 1: Problem Identification and Definition

Clearly define the problem or challenge you aim to address with the oil skimmer. Conduct a thorough needs
assessment, considering the context, application, and desired outcomes. Set specific objectives and goals for
the project.
Step 2: Literature Review and Research
Review existing literature and research related to oil skimmers, including current technologies, materials, and
best practices.Identify any relevant patents, innovations, or developments in the field.Gather information on
environmental regulations and industry standards that may impact the design and operation of the oil
skimmer.
Step 3: Conceptual Design and Planning
Develop a conceptual design for the oil skimmer, considering factors such as the type of oil to be removed,
operating conditions, and environmental impact. Create a project plan that outlines the scope, timeline, and
resource requirements. Define key performance metrics and design criteria.
Step 4: Detailed Design and Engineering
Begin detailed design work, including the selection of materials, components, and manufacturing processes.
Develop engineering drawings, specifications, and CAD models for the oil skimmer. Ensure that the design
aligns with safety and environmental standards.
Step 5: Prototyping and Testing
Build a prototype of the oil skimmer based on the detailed design. Conduct comprehensive testing and
validation to assess its performance under various conditions. Make necessary adjustments and refinements
to the prototype based on testing results.
Step 6: Optimization and Efficiency Improvements
Analyze the data from testing to identify areas for optimization and efficiency improvements.
Implementdesign changes, component upgrades, or operational enhancements to maximize the skimmer's
effectiveness. Continue testing and validation to verify improvements.
Step7 : Regulatory Compliance and Environmental Impact Assessment
Assess the skimmer's compliance with environmental regulations and standards. Evaluate the potential
environmental impact of the skimmer's operation and design strategies to minimize it.
Step 8: Cost Analysis and Optimization
Conduct a cost analysis to evaluate the overall cost-effectiveness of the skimmer. Identify opportunities to
reduce operating costs, increase efficiency, and improve the return on investment.
Step 9: Documentation and Reporting
Document the entire design and development process, including design specifications, testing results, and
any modifications made. Prepare comprehensive project reports and documentation for stakeholders and
regulatory agencies.
FACILITIES AVAILABLE:

The following facilities are required and available in nearby region.

 Design and Engineering Facilities:

 Testing and Validation Facilities
 Laboratory.
 Library facility.
 Workshop facility.
REFERENCE:

 https://www.abanaki.com/oil-skimming-guide/

 https://www.cutedgeengineering.com/portfolio/disc-type-oil-skimmer/

 https://www.electronicscomp.com/30-rpm-centre-shaft-dc-geared-motor-india

 https://www.ubuy.co.in/product/5G8ZPQ8-powxs-rechargeable-9v-battery-and-battery-charger-nimh-
280-mah-9-volt-battery-2-count-for-smoke-alar

 https://www.abanaki.com/articles/what-is-an-oil-skimmer/

 https://www.irjet.net/archives/V7/i3/IRJET-V7I3795.pdf

 http://ijsart.com/Content/PDFDocuments/IJSARTV3I48766.pd