Md.
Alimuzzaman
B.A (Honours), M.A Bangla
University of Dhaka
Senior Teacher: Sunnydale School
Cell: 01914-474971
Email: [email protected]
I-‡j‡fj evsjv wØZxq cÎ
welq: Dw³ (Speech/Narration)
Dw³ (Speech): Dw³ k‡ãi A_© K_v,ePb (Statement)| e³v hv e‡j ZvB Dw³| A_ev Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq-
ev‡K¨i gva¨‡g e³v †h g‡bvfve e¨³ K‡i, Zv‡K Dw³ e‡j| Dw³ `yB cÖKvi| h_v:1.cÖZ¨³ Dw³ 2. c‡ivÿ Dw³|
1.cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³ (Direct Speech): †h ev‡K¨ e³vi e³e¨‡K †Kvbiƒc cwieZ©b bv K‡i AweKj ev ûeû Dc¯’vcb
Kiv nq, Zv‡K cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³ e‡j| †hgb-
ivnvZ ejj,ÒAvwg AvR K‡j‡R hve bv|Ó
evmšÍx ejj, ÒAvwg A¼ K‡iwQ|Ó
2.c‡ivÿ Dw³ (Indirect Speech): †h ev‡K¨ e³vi e³e¨ AweKj Dc¯’vwcZ bv n‡q A‡b¨i Revbx‡Z
cwiewZ©Zfv‡e cÖKvk cvq, Zv‡K c‡ivÿ Dw³ e‡j| †hgb-
ivnvZ ejj †h †mw`b †m K‡j‡R hv‡e bv|
evmšÍx ejj †h †m A¼ K‡i‡Q|
Dw³-cwieZ©b
iwng ejj, ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡K wPwb|Ó GB evK¨wU‡K we‡kølY Ki‡j `ywU Ask cvIqv hvq| h_vÑ Dc¯’vcK Ask I
Dc¯’vwcZ Ask|
iwng ejj ÑDc¯’vcK Ask
Avwg †Zvgv‡K wPwb| Ñ Dc¯’vwcZ Ask (Reported Speech)
ejj Ñ Dc¯’vcK As‡ki wµqv (Reporting Verb)
wPwb Ñ Dc¯’vwcZ As‡ki wµqv
Dw³ cwieZ©‡bi wbqg
1.cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³‡Z e³vi e³e¨UzKz D×…wZ ( Ò Ó ) wP‡ýi AšÍfz©³ _v‡K| c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z D×…wZ wPý D‡V hvq Ges Ô†hÕ
ms‡hvRK Ae¨q e¨eüZ nq| [e¨wZµg: AbyÁm~PK,cÖkœm~PK ev‡K¨ †h e¨eüZ nq bv|] †hgbÑ
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Avwbm ejj, Ò Bwj‡ki `vg †e‡o‡Q|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: Avwbm ejj †h Bwj‡ki `vg †e‡o‡Q|
2. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³‡Z me©bvg c` (Pronoun) _vK‡j c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z Zv cÿ* (Person) I eP‡bi (Number)
mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L fve Abyhvqx cwiewZ©Z nq|
cÖZ¨ÿ †_‡K c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z cÿ (Person) cwieZ©‡bi wbqg:
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K) Dc¯’vwcZ As‡ki cÖ_g cÿ/Avwg cÿ (1st person) me©`v Dc¯’vcK As‡ki KZ©vi (Subject) cÿ (Person)
Abyhvqx cwiewZ©Z nq|
L) Dc¯’vwcZ As‡ki wØZxq cÿ/Zzwg cÿ (2nd person) me©`v Dc¯’vcK As‡ki Kg© (Object) Gi cÿ
(Person) Abyhvqx cwiewZ©Z nq|
M) Dc¯’vwcZ As‡ki Z…Zxq cÿ/Ab¨ cÿ (3rd person) Gi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv|
**mvaviYZ Dc¯’vcK As‡k bvg _vK‡j Ges Dc¯’vwcZ As‡k cÖ_g cÿ I wØZxq cÿ _vK‡j H ¯’‡j bvg A_ev
Z…Zxq cÿ nq|
‡hgbÑ cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: mv_x ejj,ÒAvwg B‡Wb K‡j‡R cwo|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: mv_x ejj †h †m B‡Wb K‡j‡R c‡o|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: †m Avgv‡K ejj,ÒZzwg GKUv †evKv|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: †m Avgv‡K ejj †h Avwg GKUv †evKv|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: wiwb Avgv‡K ejj,ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡K wPwb bv|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: wiwb Avgv‡K ejj †h †m Avgv‡K †P‡b bv|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Avkv ejj,ÒMZKvj †m G‡mwQj|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: Avkv ejj †h Av‡Miw`b †m G‡mwQj|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: dvwngv ejj,Ò‡Zvgiv AvMvgxKvj G‡mv|
c‡ivÿ Dw³: dvwngv Zv‡`i ciw`b Avm‡Z ejj|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: bvwdm Kvgvj‡K ejj,ÒG n‡jv Avgvi †Qv‡Uv †Q‡j|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: bvwdm Kvgvj‡K ejj †h †m n‡jv Avgvi †Qv‡Uv †Q‡j|
* [Avwg, Avgiv-cÖ_g cÿ, Zzwg,‡Zvgiv-wØZxq cÿ, ‡m,Zviv Ges hZ bvg Av‡Q me Z…Zxq cÿ|]
3. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³i me©bvg (Pronoun) I Kvjm~PK kã‡K (Tense) c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z wb¤œiƒ‡c cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nq:
cÖZ¨ÿ c‡ivÿ cÖZ¨ÿ c‡ivÿ
GB ‡mB GLb ZLb
Bnv Dnv Gevi ‡mevi
G ‡m AvR ‡mw`b
GUv ‡mUv MZKvj Av‡Mi w`b
Ggb ‡Zgb MZKj¨ c~e©w`b
GLv‡b ‡mLv‡b MZivwÎ c~e©ivwÎ
ILv‡b ‡mLv‡b AvMvgxKvj ciw`b
‡hgbÑ cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: †mvnvb ejj,Ò AvR Avgiv hve|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: †mvnvb ejj †h †mw`b Zviv hv‡e|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Avwg ejjvg,ÒMZKvj †m G‡mwQj|Ó
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c‡ivÿ Dw³: Avwg ejjvg †h Av‡Miw`b †m G‡mwQj|
4. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³i Dc¯’vwcZ As‡ki wµqvc`I KL‡bv KL‡bv A_©m½wZi Rb¨ c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z cwiewZ©Z nq|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: nvmvb ejj,ÒAvwg GLbB AvmwQ|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: nvmvb ejj †h †m ZLbB hv‡”Q|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: kvwKe ejj,Ò‡mvnvb Avwg †Zvgvi Kv‡Q AvmwQ|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: kvwKe ‡mvnvb‡K ejj †h †m Zvi Kv‡Q hv‡”Q|
5. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³i m‡¤^vab c`* c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z Kg©Kvi‡K iƒcvšÍwiZ nq (Ô‡KÕ wefw³ hy³ nq)| †hgbÑ
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: †m ejj,Ògyiv`,Zzwg †Kgb AvQ?Ó
cÖ‡ivÿ Dw³: †m gyiv`‡K wRÁvmv Kij †m †Kgb Av‡Q|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: gv ej‡jb,Òkkx, A¼ Ki|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: gv kkx‡K A¼ Ki‡Z ej‡jb|
* m‡¤^vab c`: m‡¤^vab kãwUi A_© Avnevb| hv‡K m‡¤^vab ev AvnŸvb K‡i wKQz ejv nq,Zv‡K Ôm‡¤^vab c`Õ e‡j|
†hgbÑ iywgb, Gw`‡K G‡mv| GLv‡b ÔiæwgbÕ kãwU m‡¤^vab c`|
6. Dc¯’vwcZ Ask hw` wee„wZg~jK evK¨ (Assertive Sentence) nq, Zvn‡j c‡ivÿ Dw³ wb¤œiƒ‡c MwVZ nq:
*Dc¯’vcK Ask + †h + Dc¯’vwcZ Ask| †hgbÑ
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: ‡m ejj, ÒAvwg fvj AvwQ|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: †m ejj †h †m fvj Av‡Q|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: wkÿK ej‡jb,ÒAvMvgxKvj †Zvgv‡`i QzwU _vK‡e|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: wkÿK ej‡jb †h ciw`b Avgv‡`i QzwU _vK‡e|
7. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³wU hw` cÖkœevPK evK¨ (Interrogative Sentence) nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z cwieZ©‡bi
mgqÑ ÔcÖkœ Ki‡jv/Ki‡jb, wRÁvmv Ki‡jv/Ki‡jb,Rvb‡Z PvB‡jv/PvB‡jb, ‡LuvR wb‡jv/wb‡jbÕ, BZ¨vw` wµqvc`
e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| †hgbÑ
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: †m Avgv‡K ejj,Ò‡Zvgvi bvg Kx?Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: †m Avgvi Kv‡Q Avgvi bvg Rvb‡Z PvB‡jv|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: wZwb Avgv‡K ej‡jb,ÒXvKvi Lei Rv‡bv?Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: wZwb Avgv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb,Avwg XvKvi Lei Rvwb wKbv|
A_ev, Avwg XvKvi Lei Rvwb wKbv, wZwb Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb|
8. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³ hw` AbyÁvevPK (Imperative Sentence) evK¨ nq, Zvn‡j cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³i wµqvc`wU c‡ivÿ
Dw³‡Z AmgvwcKv wµqvq cwiYZ nq| G‡ÿ‡Î wµqvc‡`i aib n‡eÑ
*ÔavZz+ †Z/Avi Rb¨+ Av‡`k Ki‡jv/Ki‡jb,Aby‡iva Ki‡jv/Ki‡jb, Dc‡`k w`‡jv/w`‡jb,cÖ¯Íve
w`‡jv/w`‡jb,ejj/ej‡jb|Õ †hgbÑ
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cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: wkÿK Zv‡K ej‡jb,ÒPzc Ki|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: wkÿK Zv‡K Pzc Ki‡Z Av‡`k Ki‡jb|
A_ev, wkÿK Zv‡K Pzc Kivi Rb¨ Av‡`k Ki‡jb|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: cÖavb wkÿK `ßix‡K ej‡jb,ÒNÈv evRvI|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: cÖavb wkÿK `ßix‡K NÈv evRv‡Z ej‡jb|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: wZwb Avgv‡K ej‡jb,ÒwfZ‡i Avm|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: wZwb Avgv‡K wfZ‡i ‡h‡Z ej‡jb|
9. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³wU hw` B”Qv ev Avkxe©v`m~PK evK¨ (Optative Sentence) nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z cwiYZ
Kivi mgqÑ ÔcÖv_©bv Ki‡jv/Ki‡jb, Avkxe©v` Ki‡jv/Ki‡jb,Kvgbv Ki‡jv/Ki‡jbÕ BZ¨vw` e¨envi Ki‡Z nq|
†hgbÑ
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: wcZv cy·K ej‡jb,Ò`xN©Rxex nI|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: wcZv cy·K Avkxe©v` K‡i ej‡jb,hv‡Z †m `xN©Rxex nq|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: ‡m Avgv‡K ejj, ÒZzwg myLx nI|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: ‡m cÖv_©bv Rvbvj hv‡Z Avwg myLx nq|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Avgvi Rb¥w`‡b wZwb Avgv‡K ej‡jb, ÒZzwg `xN©Rxex nI|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: Avgvi Rb¥w`‡b wZwb ï‡f”Qv Rvbv‡jb †h Avwg †hb `xN©Rxex n‡Z cvwi|
** [B”Qvm~PK ev Avkxe©v`m~PK ev‡K¨ mivmwi †h e¨envi †Zgb GKUv †`Lv hvq bv eis hv‡Z,‡hb BZ¨vw` e¨envi
†`Lv hvq| ]
10. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³wU hw` Av‡eMm~PK evK¨ (Exclamatory Sentence) nq,Zvn‡j Zv‡K c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z cwiYZ
Kivi mgq ev‡K¨i fve Abyhvqx Avb›`,‡e`bv/`ytL,we¯§q,fq,N„Yv, weiw³,Djøvm BZ¨vw` e¨eüZ nq|
*ÔAvb‡›`i mv‡_,‡e`bvi mv‡_/`yt‡Li mv‡_,we¯§‡qi mv‡_,weiw³i mv‡_Õ + ejj/ej‡jb/ejjvg + †h| BZ¨vw`
e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| ‡hgbÑ
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: evwjKvwU ejj, Ò Kx my›`i dyj!Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: evwjKvwU Avb‡›`i mv‡_ ejj †h dzjwU eoB my›`i|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: ‡m ejj,Ònvq! Avwg wKQzB Ki‡Z cvwi wb|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: ‡m †e`bvi mv‡_ ejj †h,‡m wKQzB Ki‡Z cv‡i wb|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Zvwbqv ejj,Òev! Kx my›`i `„k¨|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: Zvwbqv Avb‡›`i mv‡_ ejj, †h `„k¨wU eoB my›`i|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Avkv ejj,ÒKx PgrKvi Awfbq!Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: Avkv we¯§‡qi mv‡_ ejj †h AwfbqwU LyeB PgrKvi|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Zby ejj,ÒG †Zv fvwi bv‡Qvoev›`v †Q‡j †i evcy|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: Zby weiw³i mv‡_/weiw³f‡i ejj †h †m †Zv fvwi bv‡Qvoev›`v †Q‡j †i evcy |
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cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: evj‡Kiv ejj,ÒKx gRv Avgiv †Ljvq wR‡Z †MwQ|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: evj‡Kiv Djøv‡mi mv‡_/Avb‡›`i mv‡_ ejj †h Zviv †Ljvq wR‡Z †MwQ|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Zgvj ejj,ÒI‡i evev †i, gv †i, †L‡q †djj †i!Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: Zgvj f‡qi mv‡_ ejj †h I‡i evev †i,gv †i †L‡q †djj †i|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: Avwid ejj,ÒwQ! wQ! ZzwgI †klch©šÍ G Kv‡R wb‡R‡K Rov‡j|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: Avwid N„Yvi mv‡_ ejj †h ZzwgI †klch©šÍ GKv‡R Rov‡j|
11. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³‡Z wPišÍb m‡Z¨i (Universal truth) D×…wZ _vK‡j c‡ivÿ Dw³‡Z Kv‡ji (Tense) †Kv‡bv
cwieZ©b nq bv| †hgbÑ
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: wkÿK ej‡jb,Ògvbyl giYkxj|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: wkÿK ej‡jb †h, gvbyl giYkxj|
cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³: ‡m ejj,Òc„w_ex m~‡h©i Pvwiw`‡K †Nv‡i|Ó
c‡ivÿ Dw³: ‡m ejj †h, c„w_ex m~‡h©i Pvwiw`‡K †Nv‡i|
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