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Development and evaluation of herbal hair dye formulation

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 Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; 8(2): 1363-1365

E-ISSN: 2278-4136
P-ISSN: 2349-8234
JPP 2019; 8(2): 1363-1365 Development and evaluation of herbal hair dye
Received: 19-01-2019
Accepted: 21-02-2019 formulation
Laxmi N Jamagondi
P G Department of Laxmi N Jamagondi, Aniket S Katte, Manmat B Rumane, Naushad N
Pharmaceutics D.S.T.S. Mirza, Sagar S Sontakke, Akshay R Kale and Mahewash A Pathan
Mandal’s College Of Pharmacy,
Solapur, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Aniket S Katte Conventional methods of hair dyeing involve use of chemicals that result in unpleasant untoward effects
P G Department of which include irritation, breakage of hair, skin discoloration and cancer. Marketed hair colors containing
Pharmaceutics D.S.T.S. crude plant powders require processing prior to use, which is inconvenient to the consumer and these
Mandal’s College Of Pharmacy, products also have poor rinsability. Hence, there was a need to develop a formulation of hair dye with
Solapur, Maharashtra, India colour extract from plant source which is ready to use with good rinsability. In the context of above
objective, the attempt was made to formulate a gel for hair dye containing herbal extract and other
Manmat B Rumane
additives from plant source. Five different formulations were prepared and formulation G5 was found to
P G Department of
be most optimized formulation with the most promising results on hair color.
Pharmaceutics D.S.T.S.
Mandal’s College Of Pharmacy,
Solapur, Maharashtra, India Keywords: Herbal hair dye formulation

Naushad N Mirza 1. Introduction

P G Department of Graying of hair is attributed to reasons like genetics, stress, nutritional deficiency and disease.
Pharmaceutics D.S.T.S. The primary reason of premature graying is hereditary and it is reported that by the age of
Mandal’s College Of Pharmacy,
Solapur, Maharashtra, India fifty, half of the world’s population will have fifty percent gray hair. Hence there is a huge
demand for hair dyes in the market. Natural dyes are the colors derived from plant, animal or
Sagar S Sontakke insect matter without any chemical processing. In the past natural organic substances were
P G Department of mixed with metals such as copper and iron, to produce more lasting or richer shades. Many
Pharmaceutics D.S.T.S.
plants like Lawsonia inermis, Acacia arabica, Eclipta alba, Juglans regia, Pterocarpus
Mandal’s College Of Pharmacy,
Solapur, Maharashtra, India indicus, Pilocarpus jaborandi, Nardostachys jatamansi, Phyllanthus emblica, Saussurea
lappa, Tinospora cordifolia, Terminalia bellirica, Uncaria gambir, Aloe barbadensis,
Akshay R Kale Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Hibiscus rosasinensis, Centella asiatica etc. are used as main
P G Department of ingredients in hair care preparations mainly for coloring the hair. Natural dyes also act as
Pharmaceutics D.S.T.S. mordants because they contain tannins. Tannins create affinity between dyes and hair and thus
Mandal’s College Of Pharmacy,
Solapur, Maharashtra, India improve color and fastness of dye. Natural hair colorants that are currently marketed mainly
contain henna along with plant components that need to be used in the paste form. However,
Mahewash A Pathan such preparations have several disadvantages like lengthy preparation time, messy application,
P G Department of poor rinsability, lack of a standard coloring and limited color shades. Formulations promoted
Pharmaceutics D.S.T.S. as natural hair colorants also contain synthetic dyes and chemicals. Synthetic hair colorants
Mandal’s College Of Pharmacy,
Solapur, Maharashtra, India involve the use of chemicals like 1-3% phenylenediamine, ammonia, peroxide and coal tar
dyes that are capable of removing and replacing or covering the natural hair color. Inorganic
salts like aluminum sulphate, copper sulphate, lead acetate and potassium dichromate act as
mordants are also added to improve and protect the color produced by the dye. Use of these
chemicals can result in unpleasant side effects, including temporary skin irritation and allergy,
hair breakage, skin discoloration, unexpected hair color and cancer. Since the conventional
methods of hair coloring by the use of natural or synthetic colorants has limitations, an attempt
has been made in this study to formulate a gel for hair dye using herbal extracts and other
additives from plant source having good coloring property that is safe and ready to use. [1]

2. Materials and Methods

2.1 Plant Sources
The following plant materials were collected from the garden and authenticated by the
botanist. The materials were dried in shade and powdered.
Correspondence
Aniket S Katte
P G Department of 2.1.1 Henna
Pharmaceutics D.S.T.S. The botanical name of Henna is Lawsonia inermis which is the only species of the genus
Mandal’s College Of Pharmacy, Lawsonia and belongs to the family Lythraceae. The leaves of this plant posess a red dye
Solapur, Maharashtra, India molecule called lawsone (2- Hydroxy-1yl-naphthaquinone), which has the ability to bond with
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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

the protein. The other components like Lawsone 1, 4-naphtha for 16 hrs in a rotary shaker. What man No.1 filter paper was
quinone; 2-methoxy-3-methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone; flavonoids, used to separate the extract of the plant.[7]
coumarins, phenolic acids; 5-10% gallic acid and tannins. Henna
balances the pH of the scalp preventing premature hair fall and 2.2.3 Procedure for Extraction of Black Catechu
graying of hair [2]. 50gm of dried powder sample soaked in 125ml of ethanol for
16hrs in a rotary shaker. Whatman No.1 filter paper was used
2.1.2Black Catechu to separate the extract of the plant.[4]
The botanical name of Black Catechu is Acacia catechu / Acacia
chundra. It belongs to Family Leguminosae. It is used as colour
2.2.4 Procedure for extraction of Aloe Vera
ing and dyeing agent.
Take 20 matured aloe Vera leaves were taken and washed it
2.1.3 Black Tea
with water to to remove dirt. The upper green layer was
The tannins present in tea are known to increase the color removed by using knife. With the help of spoon, inner
intensity of hair [2]. transparent sticky material was taken and allowed to dry to
get the powder form [6].
2.1.4 Aloe Vera
The botanical name of Aloe Vera is Gawar Patha, It belongs to 2.3 Formulation of Gel
Liliaceae family. Aloe Vera is effective for scalp and can be used 2.3.1 Chemicals
not only to treat hair loss, but to promote hair growth as well. Carbopol 934, Methyl paraben, Propyl paraben, Propylene
Aloe Vera contains aloe emodin which promotes hair growth by glycol and Triethanolamine
stimulating hair follicles. It is also useful in treating the scalp
from sun burn. It is used as a natural mordant. It is also known 2.3.2 Method of Preparation of Gel containing extracts
for its emollient effect. [2] The required quantity of Carbopol 934 was slowly sprinkled
into weighed amount of purified water with constant stirring
2.2 Preparation of Plant Extracts to get uniform dispersion and then kept overnight for
2.2.1 Procedure for extraction of Henna hydration. The accurately weighed amounts of dried extracts
10 gm of dried henna powder was soaked in mixture of 200ml of along with other additives were poured into the fixed amount
methanol and 200ml water for overnight in a rotary shaker. of hydrated Carbopol dispersion with constant stirring. The
Extract was filtered through Whatman No.41 filter paper. Extract
composition of Herbal gel prepared from various extract of
was concentrated by evaporating of solvent [4].
Henna, Black Catechu, Black tea, Aloe Vera are tabulated
follows [5].
2.2.2 Procedure for Extraction of Black Tea
50 gm of dried powder sample soaked in 125ml of methanol

Table 1: Formulation Composition

Ingredients
Formul- Methyl Propyl Propylene Plant Extracts Triethanol- Distilled
Carbapol
ation Paraben Paraben Glycol Henna Black Black Tea Aloe Vera amine water Q.S.
934 (gm)
(gm) (gm) (ml) (gm) Catechu (gm) (gm) (gm) (ml) (ml)
G1 1 0.5 0.2 0.1 5 3 1 1 1.2 100
G2 1 0.5 0..2 0.1 3 1 5 1 1.2 100
G3 1 0.5 0.2 0.1 5 1 3 1 1.2 100
G4 1 0.5 0.2 0.1 1 5 3 1 1.2 100
G5 1 0.5 0.2 0.1 5 2 2 1 1.2 100

2.4 Dye Study 3.2 Phytochemical Study of Plant Extract

Each formulated gel (G1, G2, G3, G4, G5) was applied to the 3.2.1 Morphological Studies
white hair. After 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes the hair were washed and
the colour of hair was observed of each batch. [2] Table 2: Morphological Observations
Extract Colour Odour Taste
Results and Discussion Henna Reddish Brown Characteristic Bitter and Astringent
3.1 Practical Yield of Herbal Extracts Black Light brown to
Odorless Astringent
Catechu black
Name of extracts Practical Yield Black Tea Brownish black Characteristic Bitter
Henna 4.522gm (45.22%) Aloe Vera Greenish brown Characteristic Bitter
Black Tea 2.878 gm (5.75%)
Black Catechu 35.152 gm (70.30%)
Aloe vera 16 gm. (80%) 3.2.2 Chemical Studies

Table 3: Observations of Chemical Tests

Extract Chemical Test Observation Inference
Extract henna leaves with water by boiling and This decoction fades on addition of acid while deepens by addition of
Henna Lawsone is Present.
filterand cooled alkali
1)Test solution+FeCl3
2)Decolorization of Dark Colouration Presence of Catechin
Black
- KMNO4 Decolorization Presence of Catechin
Catechu
- Bromine water Brown colour, on standing turns Red colour Presence of Catechin
3)Aqueous extract+Lime water
Aloe Vera Aloevera extract+Ruthenium red solution Pink Colour Mucilage Present
Black Tea Black tea+Ferric Chloride solution Bluish black Tannin Present

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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

3.3 Dye Study

Following visual observations were made.

From the result it is evident that all the gel formulations Organic Hair Dye Formulation by an Environment
showed good gelling property and homogeneity. Formulation Friendly Process, Int. J Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 2013;
G5 showed the desired dyeing effect. Dye study of formulated 21(2):152-157 ISSN 0976 – 044X.
gel on human hair indicated an appealing reddish hair colour 3. Madhusudhan Rao Y, Shayeda, Sujatha P. Formulation
after 60 min as compared to other formulations (G1, G2, G3 and evaluation of commonly used natural hair colour
& G4). So formulation G5 has excellent dyeing properties and ants, Nat. Prod. Radiance. 2008; 7(1):45-48.
good reusability with adequate stability. 4. Rajesh Yadav, Nita Yadav, Murli Dhar Kharya,
Development and Evaluation of Polyherbal Formulation
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The limitations of currently marketed natural hair colorants 2014; 5(1):901. ISSN: 0975-8585.Jan-feb RJPBCS.
used as a paste includes a lengthy soaking time, messy 5. Biresh Sarkar, Manish Devgan, Y. Ankamma Chowdary
application and difficultly to rinse it off. This study exhibits a and Maddi Ramaiah, Formulation and Evaluation of
gel based formulation of plant powders which is stable and Herbal Gel Containing Extract of Cedrus deodara, Int J
ready to use. Also, this developed formulation has excellent Pharma Chem Sci, ISSN: 2277-5005. 2015; 4(1): 67-70
dyeing properties and good rinsability. It also imparts 6. Abdul Wadood Khan, Sabna Kotta, Shahid Hussain
additional benefits such as promotion of hair growth and Ansari, Rakesh Kumar Sharma, Amit Kumar, and Javed
prevention of hair greying while being safe and ecofriendly. Ali, Formulation development, optimization and
evaluation of aloe vera gel for wound healing, J List
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Pharm. Sci. ISSN- 0975-1491, 2015, 7, 3. of Black Tea Extract (Polyphenols) on Performance of
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