CONTENTS

Chapter Page
Particulars
No. No.

1 Introduction 1
2. Phases of Crisis Management 3
3. Elements of Crisis Management 5
4. Incident Command System for Puducherry 10
5. Emergency Support Functions 14
6. ESF-1: Communication 19
7. ESF-2: Emergency Medical Services and 25
Public Health
8. ESF-3: Emergency Warning, Public Information and 29
Helpline
9. ESF-4: Search and Rescue 32
10. ESF-5: Transportation 34
11. ESF-6: Evacuation 37
12. ESF-7: Debris Clearance 40
13. ESF-8: Damage Assessment 43
14. ESF-9: Relief Camps 46
15. ESF-10: Food and Civil Supplies 49
16. ESF-11: Water Supply and Sanitation 52
17. ESF-12: Electricity Restoration 55
18. ESF-13: Public Works and Engineering 57
19. ESF-14: Fire Fighting and Hazardous Material Response 59
20. ESF-15: Law and Order Enforcement 62
21. ESF-16: Resource Mobilisation; Contracting Services 64
Volunteer and Donation Support
 Chapter – 1

INTRODUCTION

a) History of Crisis Management:

Natural disasters and crises have been an integral part of human history
right from the dawn of civilization. The rise and fall of the Indus Valley and
Babylonian civilizations are a testimony to this. In the early days, individuals and
communities would lead the response to crisis. However, with the emergence
of the modern welfare state and the 20th century trends of globalization,
urbanization, large-scale migrations of human population and climate changes,
the nature of crises facing nations has increased both in magnitude and
complexity. For example, while the frequency of calamities may have remained
unchanged, increasing population densities and urbanization have resulted in
greater impact on human lives and property. In the field of public health, while
science has secured a major victory over epidemics, new strains of viruses
and drug resistant micro-organisms have emerged raising the scepter of global
pandemics of new and more deadly diseases. Similarly, while frequency of
wars has declined, modern weapons and mass urbanization have increased
manifold the human crisis caused by such conflicts. The scourge of terrorism
has created new types of crises and increasing dependence on communications
and computer networks have increased the threat of newer emergencies in case
these are disabled by accident or design. Further, phenomena like
modernization, information explosion, transnational migrations, and the
economic interdependence among nations have all contributed to extending the
impact of crisis situations over larger areas.

a) Types of Crises:
Crises can be classified into the following categories:

(i) Crises caused by acts of nature. These can further be divided into
the following sub-categories:

1
 a) Climatic events, cyclones and storms (associated sea
erosion), floods and drought and

b) Geological events: earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides and

avalanches;

(ii) Crises caused by environmental degradation and disturbance of

the ecological balance;

(iii) Crises caused by accidents. These, again, can be further

classified into: industrial and nuclear mishaps and fire related
accidents;

(iv) Crises caused by biological activities, public health crises,

epidemics, etc;

(v) Crises caused by hostile elements: war, terrorism, extremism,

insurgency etc;

(vi) Crises caused by disruption/failure of major infrastructure facilities

including communication systems, large-scale strikes etc; and

(vii) Crises caused by large crowds getting out of control.

These crisis situations and their specific features are captured in a „crisis
management matrix‟.

c) Scale of Crises:
Depending on its intensity and area of impact, a crisis situation may be
labeled as local, sub-district, district, state or national level. State Governments
and their agencies, district officials and local Governments have important roles
to play along with communities in crisis management. The scale of crisis
determines the nature and level of response. The Union Government has to
step in for major disasters by way of providing financial, material and human
resources support. Also, in case of certain specific crisis situations, which affect
the national interest, a national level response is necessary. Such contingent
situations may be terrorist incidents like hijacking of an aircraft, suicidal attacks,
sabotage, attacks on important installations/buildings or community symbols,
hostage crisis, threat or actual use of nuclear / chemical / biological weapons;
war or war-like situations; mutiny; migration / infiltration /; breakdown of
important services like Railways, Chemical/biological disasters and those
relating to major mines-mishaps; oil spills; cyber terrorism etc.
2
 Chapter – 2

PHASES OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT

In the traditional disaster management approach, the focus was on

emergency relief and immediate rehabilitation. Society deemed these measures
sufficient as anything more was considered „unaffordable‟. Besides, as stated in
the Yokohama Declaration, the element of „drama‟ and flurry of activities with
these interventions tended to show to the Society at large that the State „cared‟.
A „Welfare State‟ entails wider responsibilities meaning thereby that in addition to
the traditional responsibilities of relief and immediate rehabilitation, Governments
in conjunction with the local bodies, the civil society, voluntary organizations and
corporate bodies, address the factors leading to the crisis, in a manner
significantly reduces their ill effects.

It is also necessary to recognize that often a crisis does not emerge

suddenly, it has a life cycle, which may take days, months or even decades to
develop depending on its causative factors. A crisis, therefore, needs to be
examined in terms of its management cycle that would enable us to anticipate
the crisis, prevent and mitigate it to the extent possible and deal with the crisis
situation as it emerges. This „life cycle‟ of crisis management may be divided
broadly in three phases such as pre-crisis, during crisis and post crises.

a) Pre-Crisis: Preparedness
This is the period when the potential hazard risk and vulnerabilities can
be assessed and steps taken for preventing and mitigating the crisis and
preparing for actual occurrence. These include long-term prevention measures
like construction of embankments to prevent flooding, creating or augmenting
irrigation facilities and adopting water shed management as drought proofing
measures, increasing plantations for reducing the occurrence of landslides,
construction of earthquake resistant structures and sound environment
management.

Crisis can also be mitigated through various short term measures,

which either reduce or modify the scale and intensity of the threat or improve the

3
durability and capacity of the elements at risk, for example, better enforcement of
building codes and zoning regulations, proper maintenance of drainage systems,
better awareness and public education to reduce the risks of hazards etc.

For different types of disasters, mitigation measures may vary but what
needs to be emphasized is the priority and importance to be attached to various
measures. In order to do that, an appropriate legal and operational framework is
essential.

b) During Crisis – Emergency Response

When a crisis actually occurs, those affected by it require a speedy

response to alleviate and minimize suffering and losses. In this phase, certain
„primary activities‟ become indispensable. These are, evacuation, search and
rescue, followed by provision of basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter,
medicines and other necessities essential to bring the life of the affected
community back to a degree of normalcy.

c) Post -Crisis

1.Recovery

This is the stage when efforts are made to achieve early recovery and
reduce vulnerability and future risks. It comprises activities that encompass two
overlapping phases of rehabilitation and reconstruction.

2.Rehabilitation

Includes provision of temporary public utilities and housing as interim

measures to assist long term recovery.

3.Reconstruction

Includes construction of damaged infrastructure and habitats and

enabling sustainable livelihoods.

4
 Chapter – 3

ELEMENTS OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT

These three stages – preparedness and risk management, emergency

response and recovery and rehabilitation may be subdivided into various
detailed activities as presented.

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 CRISES MANAGEMENT MATRIX

Natural events Large

Accidents gatherin
Disruption
Crisis Biological gs
Hostile elements of essential
Caused By Events getting
Climatic Geological services
unruly

Specific Drough Cyclone Tsunami Flood Earthquak Landslide Industrial Nuclear Fire Epidemics Extremism Terroris
Features t e m

Early Yes Limited Very Limite No No No No No Yes Limited No Limited Limited

Warning Limited d
Possible?

Level of Some Some Nil Some Nil Nil Nil Nil Limited Nil Nil Nil Limited Nil
Community Extent Extent Extent
Preparednes
s
Duration of A Few A Few A Few A Few A Few A Few A Few Prolonge A Few Prolonged Days To Instanta A Few Days A Few
Disaster Months Days Hours Minute Minutes Minutes Days d Hours Months neous Hours
s
Whether No Yes Yes Yes Yes Limited No No Yes No Yes No No No
Building
Structures
Important

Area Large Large Large Mediu Large Limited Limited Medium Limited Medium Large Limited Large Limited
Affected m to
Large

Whether Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Mitigation
Measures
Possible

Whether No Yes Yes Yes Large Yes Yes Yes Yes Generally Yes Yes No Limited
Rescue Scale No
Required

6
 ANNEXURE-I

LIST OF CRISIS & RELATED DEPARTMENTS

SL. Name of the Crisis Nodal Crisis

No Department Management
Formations
1 Fund Shortage DAT Department SOP
2 Various problems in student
hostels run by the Dept, etc Department SOP
3 Non operation of schemes AD welfare
4 Financial crisis at PADCO
5 Shortage of Agricultural Inputs
(seeds, Fertilizers, pesticides)
6 Epidemic (pest/pathogen) Agriculture ESF Damage
7 Crop damage due to heavy
rains, flood, cyclones, etc
8 Spread of Cattle diseases
(Anthrax, Foot & Mouth, etc) Animal Husbandry ESF Emergency
9 Spread of Poultry diseases Health Services
(bird flu, etc)
10 Strike by Lorry operators,
Traders
11 Acute shortage of food grains & ESF
essential commodities Transportation
12 Steep rise in prices of food Civil Supplies ESF Civil Supplies
grains & essential commodities
13 Acute shortage of Fuel
(LPG, Diesel, Petrol)
14 Adulteration
15 All Natural & man made Disaster ESF Frame Work
disasters & crisis Management
16 Strike by Government of Staff Department of Department SOP
Personnel
17 Student strike
18 Teachers Strike
19 Central Kitchen – Food Education Department SOP
poisoning
20 Strike by Cooks & Meals carrier
21 Damage of school buildings,
public & private
22 Power crisis/Shortage
23 Damage of electrical
installations-accidents, thunder ESF Electricity
strike, etc Electricity Restoration
24 Agitation of employees Department SOP

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25 Sabotage to electrical
installations
26 Financial Crisis/shortage Finance/DAT Department SOP
27 Fire accidents leading to ESF Fire
disastrous situation Fire Services
28 Rescue of victims
29 Deforestation/Wild fire Forestry & wild Department SOP
Life
30 Spread of Epidemic
31 Hazard due to Hospital bio- ESF Emergency
waste Health Services
32 Rumor on spread of disease
Health & Family ESF Public
33 Shortage of Medicine
Welfare Information/Warning
34 Shortage of Life savings drugs /helpline
35 Strike by Doctors, Nurses, etc
36 Drug adulteration
37 Mass casualty due to
accidents, etc

38 Data Theft Department SOP

39 Crashing of Departmental web Information
sites Technology
40 Agitation of inmates Jail ESF-Law and Order
41 Industrial Hazards/disasters ESF-
42 Labour agitation Fire/Hazardous
43 Lock out Labour/DRDM Substance leak
/spill
44 Dumping of industrial waste
45 Dumping of garbage Department SOP

46 Large scale disposal of dead Local Bodies

bodies (unclaimed)
47 Blocking of drainage
48 Agitation of employees
49 Unauthorized use of Port, Police, Department SOP
port/harbour/Airport AirPorts Authority
of India
50 Oil spill Science & ESF/Hazardous
technology, PPCB, Substance leak
Port /spill
51 Financial Crisis Planning and Department SOP
research
52 Terror attack
53 Bomb blast
54 Hijacking
8
55 Assassination of WIPs/VIPs Department SOP
Police ESF Law and Order
56 Looting
57 Riot
58 Road roko
59 Attack on vital installations
60 Strike/Agitation ESF
Communication
61 Cyber crimes Police ESF Law and Order
62 Coastal security
63 Nuclear disaster at Kalpakkam
64 Hunger strike
65 Inciting Communal violence
66 Damage to tanks, lakes,
channels, Floods ESF Debris
67 Damage to Bridges Public Works clearance
ESF Public Works
68 Damage to Government and Engineering
buildings
69 Contamination of drinking water
70 Damage of water tanks
71 Milk shortage Register of co-
operative Department SOP
Societies/Animal

Husbandry
Department
72 Communal clashes Revenue/Police ESF Law and Order
73 Agitation by Anganwady DWCD Dept SOP
workers Social Welfare Department SOP
74 Non payment of OAP
75 In-operation of schemes
76 Loss of Revenue data Survey & Land Department SOP
Records
77 Lorry/bus strike Transport ESF Transport
ESF
Communication

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 Chapter – 4

THE INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM FOR PUDUCHERRY

The Incident Command System (ICS) is an on-scene, all- risk, flexible
modular system adaptable to any scale of natural as well as man-made
emergency/incidents. The ICS seeks to strengthen the existing disaster
response management system by ensuring that the designated
controlling/responsible authorities at different levels are backed by trained
Incident Command Teams (ICTs), whose members have been trained in the
different facets of emergency/disaster response management. The ICS will not
put in place any new hierarchy or supplant the existing system, but will only
reinforce it. When an ICT is deployed for an incident, all concerned agencies of
the Government will respond as per the assessment of the Team.

This system therefore enables proper coordination amongst the different

agencies of the Government. The five Command functions in the Incident
Command System are as follows:

i) Incident command - Has overall responsibility at the incident.

Determines objectives and Establishes priorities based on the nature
of the incident, available resources and Government policy.

ii) Operations- Develops tactical organization and directs all resources to

carry out the Incident Action Plan (IAP).

iii) Planning- Develops the Incident Action Plan (IAP) to accomplish the
objectives. Collects and evaluates information, and maintains status
of assigned resources.

iv) Logistics- Provides resources and all other services needed to support
the organization.

v) Finance/Administration-Monitors costs related to the incident, provides

accounting Procurement, time recording, cost analysis, and overall
fiscal guidance.

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11
a) State Level Incident Response Team:

The State Level Incident Command System is headed by the

responsible Officer (Chief Secretary) and Incident Commander at the State
Level is the Development Commissioner/Relief and Rehabilitation
Commissioner.

The Incident Commander is assisted by Information and Media Officer

(Secretary, Information & Publicity), Safety Officer (IGP) and Liaison Officer
(Collector), Puducherry. Three different sections i.e Operation Section,
Planning Section and Logistics Section function under the direct control of the
Incident Commander.

Revenue, Police and Fire mostly combine to form the Operation Section.
Planning & Research, Finance Department and Statistics Department combine
to form Planning Section, while, PWD, LAD and Transport combine to form
Logistics Section.

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12
b) District Level Incident Response Team:

At the District level, one District Headquarters Team with the primary
function of assisting the Collector (Incident Commander) in handling tasks like
general coordination, distribution of relief materials, media management and the
overall logistics is envisaged.

In the District level, Incident Command System the Collector is the

Incident Commander. Senior Superintendent of Police (L&O) is the Safety
Officer, Public Relations Officer, Information Department is the Information
Officer and Commissioner, Municipality is the Liaison Officer to the Incident
Commander. Planning Unit headed by Joint Director (Planning), Logistic Unit
headed by Superintending Engineer (PWD), Operation Unit headed by Sub
Divisional Magistrate and Finance headed by Deputy Director of Accounts and
Treasuries. Situation unit headed by Block Development Officer, Resource Unit
headed by Regional Transport Officer, Supply unit by Deputy Director (Civil
Supplies), Medical Unit by Deputy Director (Health).

c) Incident Command System for Mahe and Yanam Regions:

Incident command system for Mahe and Yanam regions will be headed by
the Regional Administrators, respectively and supported by representatives of
the Departments as shown for the District Incident Command System.

13
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 Chapter – 5

EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTIONS

Emergency Support Functions are some of the most common functions
carried out in any response activity to a disaster either man-made or natural.
The Crisis Management Plan is based on the premise that the Emergency
Support Functions (ESFs) performed by various Departments and
organizations during emergency operations generally are similar to the normal
day to day functions. The same personnel and material resources will be
employed in both cases. Day-to-day tasks or operations that do not contribute
directly to the emergency may be suspended or re-directed for the duration of
any emergency disaster and efforts that would normally be assigned to those
tasks will be channeled towards emergency and disaster ESF as assigned.

Emergency Support Functions is a functional area of response activity

established to facilitate the delivery of critical assistance required during their
immediate response phase of a disaster / crisis to save lives, protect property
and public health, and to maintain public safety.

It is important to note that while the causes of emergencies vary greatly,

the potential effects of emergencies do not. This means that the District can
plan to deal with effects common to several hazards, rather than develop
separate plans for each hazard. For example, earthquakes and floods, can
force people from their homes. The District administration can develop a plan
and an organization around the task, or function, of finding shelter and food for
the displaced with minor adjustments for the probable rapidity, duration, location,
and intensity of different hazards based on the requirements. The District
administration can do the same for other common tasks. In fact, a critical aspect
of planning for the response to emergency situations is to identify all of these
common tasks, or functions, that must be performed, assign responsibility for
accomplishing each function, and ensure that tasked organizations have
prepared SOPs that detail how they will carry out critical tasks associated with
the larger function.

14
14
 The incident commander (State level) is authorized to trigger a particular
ESF into operation based on the nature and magnitude of Crisis/Disaster.

Table1:Emergency Support Functions-forUTofPuducherry

ESF Scope ESF Team Primary Support Agency
Leader Agency
Communication Establishing, using, SSP (L&O) POLICE BSNL, NIC, Private
ESF # 1 maintaining, Telecom Operators,
augmenting, and Electricity Dept,
providing backup IT Dept, DD/AIR.
for all of the types
of communications
devices needed
during emergency
response
operations

Emergency Mass Casuality Director Health GH, JIPMER PIMS,

Medical Management, (Health) Department MGDCRI BLOOD
services and Public health, BANKS,
Public Health Medical, Mental AMBULANCE
ESF # 2 health services. SERVICES,
ROTARY, LIONS
CLUB, RED
CROSS, MGPIDS,
MTPG RIHS,
Revenue, LAD,
Electricity Dept,
Police, NCC,

Emergency The flow of Collector Revenue Information and

Public accurate and timely Publicity Dept,
Information, emergency Planning and
Help line & information is Research Dept,
Warning critical to the Education Dept,
ESF # 3 protection of lives NIC, Media, NGO‟s,
and property in the Health Dept,
wake of a DD/AIR.
catastrophic event.
Preparation and
dissemination of
notifications,
updates, warnings,
and instructional
messages making
the help line
operational

15
15
Search & Removal of trapped D.F.O Fire Police, (Home
Rescue and injured persons Divisional Services guards IRBn),
ESF # 4 from buildings Fire officer Health Dept,
collapses and other Municipality,
structural collapses, Electricity Dept,
administering first Block Development
aid, and assisting in office,
transporting the Taluk office,
seriously injured to Commune
medical facilities. Panchayat, PTDC,
This activity Fisheries Dept, Dept
involves the use of of Town & Country
professional and Planning, Animal
volunteer search Husbandry, Coast
teams including the guard, NCC.
use of dog teams

Transport Provides Transport Transport Southern Railways,

ESF # 5 transportation out Commissioner Dept Fisheries Dept,
of a disaster area of Education Dept,
people in need, and Police, Orient flight
provides school, Private
transportation vehicle owner‟s
essential to support association, PRTC,
emergency PTDC, Pasic,
response in the Papsco, GAW,
event of a disaster, Under Secretary
coordinating for (Estt).
resurrection of
transport
infrastructure

Evacuation Immediately Collector Revenue LAD,

ESF # 6 following an Municipality &
earthquake people communes,
may need to be BDO, RD Dept,
evacuated from Police, Fisheries
structures that have Dept, Transport,
been damaged and Dept of Industries
are likely to receive Dept AD welfare,
more damage when PWD, Dept of Town
hit by one or more & Country Planning,
of the aftershocks NCC.

16
Debris The identification, Chief PWD LAD, Under
Clearance & removal, and Engineer Secretary
Equipment disposal of rubble, (Works), Electricity
support wreckage, and dept,
ESF # 7 other materials Municipality &
which block or commune
hamper the Panchayat, BDO,
performance of Taluk office, Earth
emergency moving Equipment
response functions owners Association,
and procure Builder‟s
needed equipments Association.
from support
agencies using
IDRN; should be a
high priority action

Damage Conduct of ground Collector Revenue Agriculture, AHD,

Assessment surveys to LAD, PWD,DRDA,
ESF # 8 determine the PASIC, PIPDIC, DIC
scope of the Industries, Tourism
damage, Dept, Electricity
casualties, and the dept,
status of key Statistics Dept,
facilities PIPDIC.

Relief Camps Accommodating Director of Welfare Dept Education Dept,

ESF # 9 homeless and Social Electricity Dept,
affected people and Welfare Municipalities &
providing mass Communes, BDO‟s,
care PWD, AD welfare,
Director of social
welfare, Dept of
Health, Contractors
Association.

Food and Civil Optimizing Food Director Civil Supplies Agriculture Co-
Supplies and Civil Supplies Civil Dept operation Dept,
ESF # 10 to the needful Supplies Chamber of
Commerce,
Education Dept,
Ad welfare, Papsco,
Pasic, Ponlait,
Puducherry Institute
of Hotel
Management, Hotel
owner‟s Association,
NGO‟s.

17
Water Supply Restoration and SE - II PWD LAD, Municipality &
and Sanitation repair of water PWD Commune
ESF # 11 supply system to Panchayat, Health
minimize the impact Dept, DRDA,
on critical service to NGO‟s.
the public
Electricity Restoration and SE – I Electricity LAD, PWD, PPCL,
Restoration repair of electrical Electricity Dept Electrical
ESF # 12 power system to Contractors.
minimize the impact
on critical service to
the public

Public Works Infrastructure Chief PWD NHAI,LAD, Housing

and protection and Engineer Board, Electricity
Engineering emergency repair Dept, Forest Dept,
ESF # 13 Infrastructure Police Dept.
restoration.

Fire Coordinating of D.F.O Fire Services Police, IRBn, Coast

Fighting / firefighting guards, NCC, Dept
Hazardous operations, of Industries,
Materials Hazardous Inspector of
Response materials Factories, Labour
ESF # 14 (chemical, Dept, Science and
biological, Technology, Dept of
radiological, Atomic Energy,
etc.)response Dept of Health, Port
Environmental Dept.
short-term cleanup

Law and Law and Order SP Police Judicial Dept,

Order enforcement for Revenue, NSS,
Enforcement Public Safety NCC.
ESF # 15

Resources Mobilizing support Director Welfare Dept Education Dept,

Mobilization; (human, equipment (Social Revenue PWD
Contracting and other) from Welfare) PIPDIC, NGO‟s
Services; various
Volunteer and organizations.
Donation Contracting
Support; Services, mobilizing
ESF # 16 Volunteer support,
facilitating
donations

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 Chapter – 6

ESF 1 – COMMUNICATION
SCOPE:

The major requirement during any natural or man-made disasters response is

the presence of a fool-proof communication system which should serve as the
life-line of all Emergency Support Function and the overall co-ordination effort.

ASSUMPTION:
1. Existing communication systems may have been disrupted owing to the
disaster.

2. Whatever existing communication, channels may be heavily crowded – owing

to heavy usage of the network by many persons.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Police Department

SUPPORT AGENCY: BSNL, NIC, Electricity Dept, IT Department, HAM Radio

Operators, DD/AIR & Private Telecom Operators,

TEAMLEADER: Senior Superintendent of Police (L & O)

SOPFORCOMMUNICATIONESF:

• Team Leader (TL) of communication ESF/Senior Superintendent of Police

(L & O) will activate the ESF on receiving the intimation of the disaster
from EOC.

• SSP(L&O) would inform Nodal Officers (NOs) of support agencies about

the event and ESF activation.

• SSP(L&O) requests for reports on the incident from the local ESF
contact person (this would be the local office of ESF Nodal Agency-
Superintendent Police of the region concerned ).

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 • Within half-an-hour of the occurrence of the disaster, the Team Leader
convenes an urgent meeting of all ESF Members and seeks a status
report on the extent of damage to telecom services and network.

• Based on the inputs from the Support Agencies and the private telecom
operators, the Team Leader works out a Contingency Communication
Plan, which is reliable and appropriate.

• TL issues orders to establish systems and reports to State and District

EOCs on the action taken. New members and details of contact
persons would also be communicated. If required mobile exchanges
would be deployed.

• HAM radio operators, through their association, would be informed of the

requirements and coordination mechanisms shared with them.

• TL gets the temporary telephone facilities established for the public and
information on this is announced through media and ESF# Public
Emergency Information / Warning.

• TL informs the Incident Commander of the status of telecom services and

the alternate arrangements made.

SOPFORQUICKRESPONSETEAMONCOMMUNICATION:

• The main task of the QRT on Communication is to secure and provide a

reliable and quick communication network for the Incident Command
Team at the site and the Incident Commander of the Headquarters/EOC.

• The QRT of Communication ESF will be headed by the Superintendent of

Police (Wireless).

• The other Members of the QRT are DGM of BSNL, DIO of NIC,
Programmer of IT Department and Representatives of private Telecom
operators.

20
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• After briefing by the Team Leader, the QRT rushes immediately to the
site.

• Superintendent of Police, (Wireless) will ensure that soon after the

disaster is reported, he will close down all normal communication and
keep the network available for communication regarding the disaster.

• S.P(Wireless) liaises with the Incident Commander at the site and the
number of deaths, injured and preliminary extent of damage to public
and private property are conveyed to the Team Leader for briefing the
Incident Commander at Headquarters.

• He will operate a separate log to register the communication done

pertaining to disaster.

• SP(Wireless) in Puducherry and Officer Incharge (Wireless) in other

three regions will contact jurisdictional SP or the command post
commander to install necessary HF/VHF sets in the command post
manned by appropriate personnel.

• The QRTs on communication will liaise with other QRTs for the
requirement of vehicle, materials and manpower for repair and
normalization of the communication system.

• Meanwhile, the private telecom operators and the State owned BSNL
through their local staff carry out repair works to revive the
communication network.

• The Programme Officer of NIC and IT Department will assist the Incident
Command Team at the site in sending reports and other information
through E-Mail on a dedicated leased line provided by BSNL / VSNL.

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WIRELESSCALLSIGNSTOBEUSEDDURINGTHECRISIS

The officers listed below from the Sl. No. 1 to 9, 31 to 34, 36 to 40 will
carry the same sign in all the four regions in case of crisis.

Puducherry
1 LG TIGER
2 CM CHARLIE MIKE
3 HM ALFA 1
4 CS ALFA 2
5 DEVELOPMENT COMMISSIONER ALFA 3
6 JS(HOME) ALFA 4
7 DGP GOLF 1
8 IGP GOLF 2
9 DIG GOLF 3
10 SSP(L&O) GOLF 5
11 SSP(C&I) GOLF 4
12 DISTRICT COLLECTOR ALFA 5
13 SDM(NORTH) ALFA 6
14 SDM(SOUTH) ALFA 7
15 SP(NORTH) NOEMBER 1
16 SP(SOUTH) SERA 1
17 SP(RURAL) ROMIEO 1
18 SP(TRAFFIC) TANGO 1
GOLF 15
19 SP(HQ)

20 SP(SB) GOLF 7
21 SP(SIGMA) GOLF 9
22 SP(HG) GOLF 16
23 SP(Wireless) GOLF 13
24 SP(PAP) GOLF 18
25 SP(CID) GOLF 10
26 SP(MT) GOLF 12
27 SP(PTS) GOLF 11
28 SP(FOOD CELL) ALFA 8
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22
29 SP(UNIVERSITY) ALFA 9
30 SP(VAC) ALFA 10
31 CMT/IRBn. ALFA 11
32 SP (JAILS) ALFA 12
33 COMMANDING OFFICER, CSG ALFA 13
34 DFO ALFA 14
35 ADFO ALFA 15
36 MS(GH) ALFA 16
37 DIRECTOR, JIPMER ALFA 17
38 CE, PWD ALFA 18
39 EE, ELECTRICITY ALFA 19
40 DIRECTOR, LAD ALFA 20
41 DIRECTOR, CIVIL SUPPLIES ALFA 21
42 TRANSPORT COMMISSIONER ALFA 22
43 THASILDAR ALFA 23

Karaikal
1 COLLECTOR, KARAIKAL KILO – CHARLIE
2 SSP (KKL) KILO – 1
3 SDM (KKL) KILO – 2
4 SP (KKL) KILO – 3
5 MS, GH KKL BETA -1
6 EE, PWD BETA -2
7 EE, ELECTRICITY BETA -3
8 FIRE BRIGADE, KKL (SFO) BETA – 4
COMMANDER, NAVAL DET.,
9 BETA – 5
NAGAPATTINAM
10. TAHSILDAR BETA – 6
11. CI-TOWN KILO - 3
12. CI – THIRUNALLAR KILO – 5
13 CI – T.R. PATTINAM KILO – 4
14 INSPR. COASTAL PS BETA – 7
15 AC, IRBN, KKL BETA – 8

Mahe

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1 REGIONAL ADMINISTRATER CHARLIE 1

2 SP (MAHE) MIKE 1

3 MS(GH) CHARLIE 2

4 EE,PWD CHARLIE 3

5 EE, ELECTRICAL CHARLIE 4

6 FIRE BRIGADE, MAHE (SFO) CHARLIE 5

7 TAHSILDAR CHARLIE 6

8 CI, MAHE MIKE 2

9 INSPECTOR, SIGMA CHARLIE 7
10 SI – MAHE MIKE 10
11 SI – PALLOOR MIKE 11
12 SI – PANDAKKAL MIKE 12

Yanam
1 REGIONAL ADMINISTRATER DELTA 1

2 SP (TRAFFIC) TANGO 1

3 MS(GH) DELTA 2

4 EE,PWD DELTA 3

5 EE, ELECTRICAL DELTA 4

6 FIRE BRIGADE, MAHE (SFO) DELTA 5

7 TAHSILDAR DELTA 6

8 CI, YANAM YANKEY 1

9 SI – YANAM YANKEY 1O

10 SI – TRAFFIC YANKEY 11

11 SI – PCR CELL YANKEY 12

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 Chapter – 7

ESF 2 – EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES AND

PUBLIC HEALTH
SCOPE:

The Emergency Medical Services ESF will primarily look after emergency
treatment for the injured people immediately after the disaster and also be
responsible for ensuring that there is no outbreak of any epidemic.

ASSUMPTIONS:

1. Emergency Medical Services are required for the affected population to save
precious lives and treat the injured.

2. Emergency Medical Services are required to prevent possible outbreak of

epidemic after a disaster.

3. Normal Health care facilities might have also been affected. (Hospital
buildings too might have collapsed by earthquake).

PRIMARYAGENCY: Health Department

SUPPORT AGENCY: GH, JIPMER PIMS, MGDCRI Blood Banks, Ambulance

Services, Rotary, Lions Club , Red Cross, MGPIDS, MTPG RIHS, Revenue,
Lad, Electricity, Police, NCC.

TEAMLEADER: Director (Health Services)

SOPSFOREMERGENCYMEDICALSERVICESANDPUBLICHEALTH:

• The Director of Health Services (Team Leader) will get the information of
the disaster from the IC/EOC.

• The TL will immediately convene an urgent meeting of Nodal Officers of

Supporting Agencies within half an hour of the occurrence of the disaster.

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 • The TL would conduct an assessment of the damage/disruption of any
facility existing owing to the disaster.

• Additional Medical practitioners or specialists needed for dealing with

specific influenza stains like H1N1, Bird Flu, etc. will be alerted and
teamed for duty in disaster areas.

• The TL will coordinate with ESF – Transport, ESF-Search & Rescue and
ESF – Relief Camps for providing and augmenting medical services.

• If Temporary shelters are being made for the affected population, the TL
should ensure high standards of sanitation and prevent outbreak of
epidemic.

• TL should provide medicines and other medical facilities required at the

site.

• TL should contact ESF – Electricity for provision of back-up services for

medical equipments.

SOPs FOR QUICK RESPONSE TEAM (QRT) FOR EMERGENCY MEDICAL

SERVICESANDPUBLICHEALTHESF:

• The QRT will be headed by Medical Superintendent of General Hospital,

Puducherry, if the site of occurrence of disaster is within Puducherry
region.

• If the site of occurrence of the disaster is Karaikal, Mahe or Yanam, the

M.S. of the respective General Hospital will be the Team Leader.

• The other Members of the QRT are Deputy Director( Public Health),
Specialist in Surgery, GH, Microbiologist, G.H, Executive Engineer
(Public Health), Under Secretary(Health).

• The QRT will rush to the site of the incident within half-an-hour of the
occurrence of the event with necessary equipments, ambulances and
Medical / Paramedical staff trained in Mass Casualty Management.

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 • The QRT sets up a command site near the disaster area.

STATEQUICKRESPONSETEAM:

Sl. CONTACT
Name DESIGNATION
No. NUMBER
1. Dr. VijayaBalakandan Deputy Director(PH) 99437-99058
2. Dr. K.R. Prakash Deputy Director(Imm.) 99442-29330
3. Dr. V. Govindaraj Physician 94432-27207
4. Dr. K. Sarangapani Microbiologist- 97896-67205
IGGGH&PGI

5. Dr. Subash Chandra Head of Dept. 94439-999511

Microbiology-JIPMER
Parija
6. Dr. N. Nilamani Assistant 93454-54505
Director(Malaria)

7. M. Muthuraj Bacteriologist-GHCD 9944737597

8. N.K. Ravishankar Microbiologist 96298-57280

DISTRICTQUICKRESPONSETEAM(PUDUCHERRY):

Sl. CONTACT
Name DESIGNATION
No. NUMBER
1. Dr. Stanley Ambrose Physician 94432-85972
2. Dr. A.B. Mishra Medicine 9443288144
3. Mr. Azhaganathan Epidemiologist 94888-16186
4. H. Krishanpriya Microbiologist 94889-41138

KARAIKAL:

Sl. CONTACT
Name DESIGNATION
No. NUMBER
1. Dr. A. Baskaran Deputy Director(Imm) 90952-99467
Thiruvengadam

2. Dr. Rajeev Soni Paediatrician GH- 94431-78462

Karaikal

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3. Mrs. Ranganayaki Entomologist GH- 04368-230640
Karaikal

MAHE:

Sl. CONTACT
Name DESIGNATION
No. NUMBER
1. Dr. T.V. Prakash Physician-GH, Mahe 94471-26360
2. Ms. Shamna Bio-Chemist, GH Mahe 0490-2332225
3. Mr. Abraham E.L. Paul Epidemiologist 90374-79161

YANAM:

Sl.
Name DESIGNATION CONTACT NUMBER
No.
1. Dr. D. Rajalingam Deputy Director(Imm.) 99945-11537
2. Dr. M.V.S. Prasad GH, Yanam 0884-2321224
3. Dr. Ravisankar GDMO 98499-85437
4. Mr. Arjun Senior Lab Technician 0884-2321224

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 Chapter – 8

ESF 3 – EMERGENCY WARNING, PUBLIC

INFORMATION AND HELPLINE
SCOPE:
The flow of accurate and timely emergency information is critical to the
protection of lives and property in the wake of a disaster. Preparation and
dissemination of notifications , updates, warnings and providing emergency Toll-
free help-line for public to enquire the whereabouts of their near and dear.

ASSUMPTION:
1. During calamities, lots of unsubstantiated news, i.e. rumours may circulate
which may further aggravate the situation.

2. Therefore, there is a need to provide Genuine / Authentic information about

the incident, number of deaths, injured, missing, etc.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Revenue Department

SUPPORTAGENCY: Information and Publicity Dept, Planning and Research

Dept, Education Dept, NIC, Media, NGO‟s, Dept of Health, DD/AIR.

TEAMLEADER: Collector

SOP FOR EMERGENCY WARNING AND PUBLIC INFORMATION AND

HELPLINE:

• The Collector will be the Team Leader(TL) of the ESF Emergency

Warning and Public Information.

• The Collector as the Head of the Emergency Operation Centre will be the
first person to be alerted of any natural disaster for which early warning
systems exist.

• As soon as the EOC / Collector receive information about any

impending disaster like Tsunami, Cyclone, Flash Floods from Agencies
like INCOIS, Meteorological Department / Ministry of Home Affairs, the

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 Incident Commander is briefed by the Collector about the information
received and the veracity of the information is confirmed.

• Immediately, a meeting is convened by the Collector with the Team

Leaders of Communication, Evacuation and Transportation ESFs.

• For all the natural disasters, for which Early Warning is possible, the lead
time to alert the vulnerable population will vary from half-an-hour for
Tsunami to one day for heavy rain, flood.

• If the Early Warning is for Tsunami, the Warning is disseminated to the

coastal communities through the VHF wireless communication already
established in all fisherman and coastal villages.

• Before the announcement is made through the public address system,

the corresponding ESFs required for Evacuation and Transportation will
be alerted through the EOC.
• The Special Officer in the Office of the Collector will be the Nodal Officer
for Warning dissemination for Tsunami.

• For Cyclones and Flash Floods, where lead time is a day or more,
advance warning is given through Mass Media, Television Channels and
Cable Networks. The Nodal Officer will be the Revenue Officer , Office of
the Collector.

SOPsFORQUICKRESPONSETEAMS:

• The Tahsildar, EOC / Disaster Management will be the Team Leader of

the Quick Response Team.

• The other Members of the QRT are Director, Information and Publicity,
DIO of NIC, Deputy Director( Health), Deputy Director( Planning and
Research), Deputy Director( Education) and NGO Representatives.

• QRT will rush to the site within one hour of the occurrence of the
disaster.

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• Assistant Director (Protocol), Information Department will be stationed at
the Emergency Operation Centre and liaise between the EOC and the
Mass Media.

• The Programme Officer, NIC will facilitate opening of the Media Centre
at the site of the Disaster.

• The Deputy Director (Planning and Research Department) will compile

a status report on the number of deaths and injured persons, if any.

• Director (Information and Publicity) will cause flash news of latest

updates, donation requirements for disaster area to be displayed in all
cable and television channels. He will also set up the toll free number
for emergency information / assistance regarding the missing relatives,
friends, etc.

• The help desk at the site of the disaster will be manned by the Assistant
Director (Publication).

• Under Secretary (DP&AR) will supplement, required Ministerial Staff for

ESF.

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 Chapter – 9

ESF 4 - SEARCH AND RESCUE

SCOPE:

Search and rescue operations are one of the primary activities in a

disaster situation. The Swiftness and promptness in carrying out search and
rescue operations can make a remarkable difference in loss of life and property.
It also involves removal of trapped and injured persons from collapsed
buildings/rubble, administering first aid and assisting them in transporting the
injured to medical facilities.

ASSUMPTIONS:

1. The local population will initiate search and rescue at their level.

2. Spontaneous volunteers involved in search and rescue will require

coordination.

3. Access to affected areas will be limited. Some sites may be accessible

only through air.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Fire Service

SUPPORT AGENCY: Police, (Home guards IRBn), Health Dept, municipality,

Block Development office, Taluk office, Commune Panchayat, PTDC, NCC,
Fisheries Dept, Animal husbandry, Coast Guard, Dept of Town & Country
Planning, Electricity Dept.

TEAMLEADER: Divisional Fire Officer

SOPFORSEARCHANDRESCUE:

• The TL of the ESF will get the information about the disaster from the
EOC. The TL will alert the Nodal Officers of the Supporting Agencies.

• The TL will make a quick assessment on the scale of damages and the
possible number of people trapped inside the collapsed buildings.

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 • The Quick Response Team (QRT) for search and rescue will be formed
by the Nodal Officers of the Supporting Agencies.

• The TL makes a realistic assessment of the specific skill sets and other
equipments required.

• Using the local resource network, the availability of earth moving

equipments and concrete cutting machines is undertaken.

SOPFORQUICKRESPONSETEAM:

• The Quick Response Team (QRT) formed from among the support
agencies will be dispatched to the disaster site.
• The QRT will make an assessment of the damage (No. of buildings
damaged, severity of damage and the no. of people suspected to be
trapped and the no. of people died).
• The QRTs will send an incident status report to the TL.
• The QRT will be headed by SFO of the respective region.
• PHC, Commissioner, Municipality/Commune/Panchayat, Tahsildar of the
respective Taluk, Deputy Director, Fisheries, Deputy Commandant, IRBN.
• As soon as the QRT identifies any survivor trapped inside a rubble the
concrete cutter is used to cut the ruble and retrieve survivors.
• The Chief Medical Officer from the Primary Health Centre immediately
administer first Aid and if required referred to Government Hospital or
other specialty hospitals for further treatment.
• The professional dog teams will be pressed into service by the police
team for rescue.
• The S.F.O. will plan and assist in rescuing people caught in fire in high
rise buildings.
• Fire Engine with ladder, rope repelling unit will be pressed into service
for rescue effort in heavy floods, fire etc.
• In case of missing fisherman, the Director of Fisheries will follow the
established procedure as per the Departmental SOP.

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 Chapter – 10

ESF 5 - TRANSPORTATION
SCOPE:
Safe and quick movement of men and materials are a pre-requisite for
a emergency response mechanism. The transportation ESF should co-ordinate
the use of transportation resources to support the needs of other ESF‟s requiring
transport capacity.

ASSUMPTION:
1. The existing transportation infrastructure would have sustained heavy
damages and would not be able to deliver.

2. The movement of relief supplies and goods will further congest the
transport services.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Transport Department

SUPPORT AGENCY: Southern Railways, Dept of Fisheries, Orient flight

School, Private vehicle owners association, PRTC, PTDC GAW, Under
Secretary (Estt), Police, Education Dept, PASIC, PAPSCO.

TEAMLEADER: Transport Commissioner

SOPFORTRANSPORTATION:

• The Transport Commissioner (TC) of the transportation ESF will

activate the ESF on receiving the intimation of disaster from EOC.

• TC would inform nodal officers of Support Agencies about the event

and ESF activation.

• The TC convenes an emergency meeting within two hours of the

occurrence of the disaster with the Nodal Officers of all Support Agencies
and takes stock of the transportation network, infrastructure in affected
areas.

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 • The TC seeks interim report from the Nodal Officers of the Support
Agencies within three hours from the occurrence of the disaster and briefs
the Incident Commander of the status and requirements thereof.

• The TC contacts the TL of Public Works &Engineering ( Chief Engineer,

PWD) and ascertains the damage to road network , alternative route
arrangements and ongoing repair works scheduled.

• TC contacts the ESF- Evacuation, ESF-Medical Services and ESF-Debris

Clearance for augmenting their Transportation needs.

• TC would keep ready a list of all road worthy Government vehicle

category wise with Drivers for sparing them to various ESFs which need
transportation.

• In case of in accessible areas/terrain Air Support will be requisitioned by

the Transport Commissioner through the Incident Commander to the
responsible Officer.

SOPFORQUICKRESPONSETEAM:

• The Leader of the Quick Response Team is the Deputy Transport

Commissioner. The other Members of the QRT are Station Master,
Southern Railway, Deputy Director, Fisheries Department, M.D. PRTC,
Manager, Government Automobile Workshop, M.D., Orient Flight School,
Medical Superintendent, Govt. Hospital, Revenue Officer, Office of the
Collector and Representative of Private Vehicle Owner‟s Association.

• The QRT is briefed by the Transport Commissioner (TC) within one hour
of the occurrence of disaster and ordered to proceed to the site of the
occurrence.

• The QRT Leader will get in touch with all activated ESFs and ascertain
their needs of vehicles for their respective QRTs and attempt is made to
provide vehicles to all other activated QRTs within two hours of the
occurrence of disaster.

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• The QRT Leader will contact the QRT Leader of Search and Rescue ESF
(Station Fire Officer) for provision of boats for Search and Rescue
operation in rivers and sea.

• In case of disruption in rail network, the Station Master will communicate

the cancellation of rails to the QRT Leader, who will in turn inform the
EOC/ Emergency Public Information ESF.

• The need/availability of Coaches for evacuating people from a disaster

area will be provided by the Station Master to the QRT Leader. The QRT
Leader will also ascertain the availability of Training Aircraft for use by
damage assessment ESF and other reconnaissance Mission by related
ESFs.

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 Chapter – 11

ESF6– EVACUATION
SCOPE:

Any major calamity would involve movement of large group of people

from the disaster area to a safer area. This ESF is primarily concerned with
establishing shortest routes, alternate routes and along with Transportation
ESF ensure safe evacuation of affected population.

ASSUMPTION:

1. Many of structures and buildings may be damaged though may not be

visible from outside.

2. Such weak structures and buildings may collapse after the occurrence of
the disaster and hence the necessity of evacuation.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Revenue

SUPPORT AGENCY: LAD, (Municipality and communes), NCC, BDO, RD, Dept
Police, Dept of Fisheries, Transport, Dept of Industries, Dept of AD welfare,
PWD, Dept of Town & Country Planning.

TEAMLEADER: Collector

SOPSFOREVACUATION:

• The Collector will activate the ESF on receiving warning of the disaster
from EOC.

• TL would inform Nodal Officers of Support Agencies about the event

and ESF activation.

• TL will gather information about the availability of pre-defined evacuation

routes.

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 • TL will get in contact with the TL of transportation ESF for getting the
required number of transportation vehicles to evacuate the given number
of population from the vulnerable areas to safer places.
• In case of non-availability of pre-defined evacuation rules, the Nodal
Officer would coordinate through EOC with other ESF Nodal Officers and
support agencies for identifying alternative routes.

SOPFORQUICKRESPONSETEAMONEVACUATION:

• The QRT on Evacuation will be headed by the respective jurisdiction

SDM.

• The other Members of the evacuation QRT are Municipality/Commune

Panchayat Commissioners/Taluk Tahsildar, Inspector of Police Circle,
Assistant Director, Fisheries, NCC Commandant, NSS Liason Officer,
RTO, Assistant Director (Adi Dravidar Welfare).

• Taluk Tahsildar will provide the evacuation routes from affected areas to
safe shelter/Government Schools or designated relief camps.

• The QRT members will reach the Nodal Office as soon as they get
instructions to do so from the TL.

• Once the quick response teams receive an intimation from the nodal
officer for reaching the site they would rush to the site.

• On reaching the site the QRT members will take stock of the situation
from the incident management team at the site and their
counterparts.
• The quick response teams with the help of local task forces, will start
evacuating peoples to safe shelters or open areas.

• The QRT members should concentrate more on evacuation in areas

which have been worst affected by the disasters.

• Report all activities to Head Office.

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• In case of non-availability of pre-defined evacuation routes, the Nodal
Officer would coordinate through EOC with other ESF Nodal Officers and
Support Agencies for identifying alternative routes.

• If the disaster strikes in the coastal areas like Tsunami, Cyclonic storm,
etc. the Assistant Director ( Fisheries) will mobilize the fishermen
community to Board the Buses arranged by the RTO for evacuation.

• If the disaster is in interior areas, like flooding of river banks, forest fires,
earthquake, etc. the NCC Commandant along with the NSS Liaison
Officer and the Circle Inspector of Police will mobilize the people to
board the vehicles for evacuation to safer areas.

• The Assistant Director of Women and Child Welfare and Adi Dravidar
Welfare will concentrate on convincing the specific target groups (Adi
Dravidar community and Women and Children) in evacuation.

• In case of any poisonous gas leak from any factory / industry, the
Inspector of Factories will declare the circumference of the area to be
evacuated. The Taluk Tahsildar with the support of the Inspector of
Police on the Commune Panchayat/Municipality Commissioner will
cause the evacuation of all the people within the perimeter of the circle.

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 Chapter – 12

ESF 7- DEBRIS CLEARANCE

SCOPE:

This emergency function is a common feature in most large scale

disasters such as Earth quakes, cyclones, floods etc. which primarily affect the
building structures.

This ESF would identify, remove and dispose rubble and wreckage
which may hamper the performance of emergency response.

ASSUMPTIONS:

Access to disaster affected areas would depend upon the clearing of access
routes of the Debris.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Public Works Department

SUPPORT AGENCY: LAD, Under Secretary (Works), Municipality and

commune Panchayat BDO, Police, Revenue, Forest Dept, Electricity Dept,
Animal Husbandry, Taluk office, Earth moving Equipment owners Association,
Builder‟s Association.

TEAM LEADER: Chief Engineer (PWD)

STANDARDOPERATINGPROCEDUREFORESFDEBRISCLEARANCE:

• The Team Leader i.e. Chief Engineer, PWD will activate the ESF on
receiving the information of the disaster from the EOC.

• The TL would inform the Nodal Officers(NO) of support agencies about

the event and ESF activation.

• TL will immediately convene meeting with the Nodal Officers of all

Support Agencies within one hour of the occurrence of the disaster.

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 • The Quick Response Team members will also be briefed by the Chief
Engineer on the magnitude of the task and seek their views on available
resources and requirements of earth moving equipments and concrete
cutting machinery for the purpose of debris clearance.

• The Director, LAD, Commissioners of Municipality/Commune Panchayat

and the Tahsildar of Taluk Office will furnish the respective plans for the
task at hand.

• The Chief Engineer, PWD will consolidate the individual plans and brief
the Incident Commander about the plan of action for Debris clearance
within three hours of the occurrence of the disaster.

• The TL will co-ordinate with the support agencies to mobilize equipments

required for Debris clearances through local resources inventory and
IDRM data base.

• The Chief Engineer, PWD will also ensure coordination with Medical ESF
and Search and Rescue ESF for disposal of dead bodies and carcasses.

• The Team Leader will review the situation and ask support agencies to
take precautionary measures for enabling operationalisation of the
transportation ESF.

SOP FOR QUICK RESPONSE TEAM (QRT) ON EQUIPMENT SUPPORT AND

DEBRIS CLEARANCE:

• The TL will nominate Nodal Officer (NO) from the Primary Agency and
form a team of Nodal Officers from support agencies as the Quick
Response Team to be dispatched to the disaster site.

• Superintending Engineer-I will be the Nodal Officer for the PWD (Primary
Agency).

• Superintending Engineer–I will lead the QRT on Debris clearance and

Equipment Support ESF.

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• The other Members of the QRT are Executive Engineer (CPWD), Deputy
Director(LAD), Executive Engineer, Municipality, Assistant Engineer
(BDO), Deputy Tahsildar, Taluk Office, Assistant Engineer (Commune
Panchayat), Executive and Engineer, Electricity.

• The QRT headed by Superintending Engineer-I will visit the site of the
disaster within 3 hours.

• Executive Engineer (B&R) will chalk out a contingency road approach if

roads are severed/damaged.

• Bye passing of broken bridges, culverts will be attempted.

• Executive Engineer, Electricity, will chalk out plans to revive power supply
but only after ensuring safety of existing poles, or else backup support
will be provided for emergency response.

• The QRT leader will requisition earth moving equipments from local list of
machine inventory or else from IDRN inventory.

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 Chapter – 13

ESF 8 - DAMAGE ASSESSMENT

SCOPE:

Conduct of ground surveys to determine the scope of the damage,

causalities, and the status of key facilities. The reports to form the basis for
actions taken by the Incident Commander(IC) and further initial actions by the
Team Leaders (TL) of the activated ESFs.

SITUATIONASSUMPTIONS:

A crisis situation has arisen, but adequate information to base further

decisions not available. The loss of life and damage of critical infrastructures not
known.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Revenue

SUPPORTAGENCY: Agriculture, AHD, LAD, PWD,DRDA, PASIC, PIPDIC, DIC

Industries Dept of Tourism, Electricity Dept, Statistics Dept.

ESFTEAMLEADER(TL): Collector

SOPSFORDAMAGEASSESSMENTESF:

• The Collector will activate the ESF as soon as he receives information

from the EOC about the disaster.

• An urgent meeting is convened by the Collector with all the Support

Agencies represented by their Nodal Officers within an hour of the
occurrence of the disaster.

• The Collector will seek a Incident Status Report (ISR) from the Nodal
Officer of Support Agencies within 24 hours.

• A Rapid Assessment Report on the damages is submitted within 2 days

to the IC.

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 • The QRT is also called for a meeting and they are briefed on their
mandate and ordered to proceed to the site of the disaster within three
hours from the occurrence of the disaster. Meanwhile, a Rapid
Assessment Report is prepared by the TL and presented to the Incident
Commander within two hours of the occurrence of the disaster.

SOPsforQuick Response Team:

• The Quick response team of damage assessment ESF will be lead by

Sub Divisional Magistrate of the respective jurisdiction.

• The Nodal Officers from Support Agencies will form the other Members of
the QRT.

• Executive Engineer (Buildings & Roads) , Assistant Engineer (National

Highways Division), Assistant Engineer (Irrigation Division) Tahsildar of
respective Taluk.

• The Executive Engineer (B&R) Division will provide a Rapid Assessment

Report on the damage (cost) to buildings and roads within the disaster
area.

• The Assistant Engineer (National Highways) will report the damage (cost)
to National Highways.

• The Assistant Engineer( Irrigation) will report damage to river banks /

bridges / culverts.

• The Assistant Engineer, (Municipality) / Assistant Engineer, (Commune

Panchayat) will report the damages (cost) to Municipal Commune
roads/buildings.

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• Joint Director(Agriculture) will report on the damage in hectares of
standing crops.

• Joint Director( Animal Husbandry) will report on the damage to cattle &
Livestock.

• Tahsildar of the respective Taluk will provide damage assessment report

on the loss of human lives, damage to houses, number of missing /
injured.

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 Chapter – 14

ESF 9 – RELIEF CAMPS

SCOPE:

In the event of a disaster, there would be a need for temporary

structures like Tents or thatched pandals for accommodating the evacuated
people from marooned hamlets or disaster area. The ESF on Relief should
ensure coordination of activities involved with the emergency provisions of
temporary shelters, emergency mass feeding and bulk distribution of relief
supplies to the disaster victims as also the disaster managers and relief workers.

SITUATIONASSUMPTION:

1. The possibility of the affected population staying in their own houses near
/ in the disaster area is unlikely and should be avoided.

2. The houses in disaster affected areas may appear to be unaffected but

from within they may suffer structural failure and continued usage would put the
lives of those living in jeopardy.

3. Therefore, the evacuated people should be kept in Camps until danger

signal is withdrawn.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Women and Child Welfare Department

SUPPORT AGENCY: Women & Child Dept, Education Dept, Municipalities and
Communes, BDO‟s, PWD, Electricity Dept, AD Welfare, Director of Social
Welfare, Dept of Health, Contractors Association.

TEAM LEADER: Director (Women and Child Welfare)

SOPsFOR RELIEFCAMPS:

• Team Leader (TL) i.e. the Director, Women and Child Welfare of ESF on
relief will activate the ESF on receiving the intimation of the disaster from
State EOC.

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 • TL would inform Nodal Officers (NOs) of Support Agencies about the
event and ESF activation.

• TL will coordinate with all State and District level suppliers as identified
with under IDRN.

• TL will coordinate with other ESFs like transportation, debris and road
clearance to ensure quality supply chain management of relief materials.

• The TL will convene a meeting of the Nodal Officers of Support Agencies

within three hours of the occurrence of the disaster and ascertain the
need for relief camps. Based on the need and input from sub-offices in
the disaster area number of tents or thatched shelters required are
arrived at.

SOPsFORQUICKRESPONSETEAM(QRT)ONRELIEF:

• The QRTs for relief will be headed by Child Development Project

Officer. The other Members of the QRT on relief are Deputy Director,
Social Welfare, Assistant Director, Adi Dravidar Welfare, Managing
Director, PADCO, Assistant Engineer, Municipality / Commune
Panchayat, Chief Education Officer.

• QRTs will report to disaster site within five hours from the occurrence of
the disaster.

• The QRT Leader will analyze the ground situation and assess the
requirement of relief camps. As far as possible, QRTs will attempt to
locate the relief camps in public buildings like Community Hall / Cyclone
Shelter / School Buildings. Whenever such facility is not present in the
near vicinity, then, make shift temporary shelters are put up under the
direction and supervision of the QRT.

• The Chief Education Officer will furnish a list of School going Children
and total victims in the Relief Camp.

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• The Child Development Project Officer will furnish list of Women and
Children (0 to 5 years) in the Relief Camp.

• Assistant Director, A.D. Welfare will furnish the list of Scheduled Caste
population in the Relief Camp.

• The Assistant Director, Social Welfare will prepare a comprehensive list

of victims ( other disadvantaged sections of the Society including old
aged and handicapped persons) and forward it to the Team Leader.

• The QRT Leader will liaise with Emergency Medical Services QRT and
requisition for a Team of Doctors / Paramedics for treating the injured in
the Relief Camps.

• The Assistant Engineers of Municipality / Commune Panchayat will be

responsible for contracting the task of setting up of temporary shelters
or putting up of tents.

• The QRT will in turn nominate Nodal Officers belonging to the same
Primary and Secondary Agencies in the region / area concerned.

• QRTs will be responsible for management and distribution of relief items

to the affected victims

• QRTs will be responsible for reporting the progress on action taken by

the team to the EOC.

• The CDPO will take special care in food distribution for women with
infants, pregnant women and children.

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 Chapter – 15

ESF 10 – FOOD AND CIVIL SUPPLIES

SCOPE:

The persons affected by most common disasters are mostly shifted to

relief Camps which may be far away from their households and would required
to be fed until rehabilitation packages are put in place.

SITUATIONASSUMPTION:

Chance of cooking their own food in a disaster area would not be

possible. There may be a need to distribute food packets and drinking water
to the victims in far flung area. Cooked food need to be served to inmates of
relief camps.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Civil Supplies Department

SUPPORT AGENCY: Agriculture, Co-operation, Dept Chamber of Commerce,

PAPSCO, PASIC, PONLAIT, Education Dept, Electricity Dept, Ad welfare,
Puducherry Institute of Hotel Management, Transport Dept, NGO‟s, Hotel
owner‟s Association.

TEAMLEADER: Director (Civil Supplies)

SOPFORESFFOODANDCIVILSUPPLIES:

• The Team Leader(TL) i.e. the Director of Civil Supplies will activate
ESF on receiving the information about the incident and will also
inform to the supporting agencies

• The TL will contact the TL of the ESF Relief Camp and ascertain the
number of relief camps functioning and total number of people
accommodated in such camps.

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 • The TL also will liaise with ESF Search and Rescue Team Leader to
ascertain whether there are any inaccessible areas for air dropping
of food and water packets.

• The TL will convene a meeting with all the Nodal Officers of the
Supporting Agencies within five hours from the occurrence of the
disaster.

• The TL will contact the EOC to find out the number of ESFs activated
and the number of personnel involved in the task of the emergency
response so as to provide food for all the various categories of QRTs
on the site and off the site.

• Nodal Officer of the Education Department will be the key person for
ensuring that all Central Kitchens are kept ready and ensure the
presence of Cooks/Workers to dispatch food to Quick Response
Teams

• TL will guide QRTs to reach at rehabilitation centers to provide food

packages

• TL will keep on coordinating about the distribution of food items to the

evacuees and will give appraisal to the IC

• In case of shortage of food items, TL will arrange more food packages

and will ensure continuous supply

SOPsFORQUICKRESPONSETEAMS:

• The QRT on Food and Civil Supplies will be lead by Deputy Director of
Civil supplies.

• The Joint Director Education will coordinate with the Relief Camps and
the Central Kitchens for provision of food to the victims.

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• The Managing Director, PONLAIT will make available boiled milk for
children.

• Conveying the food from the Central Kitchens to Relief Camps will be the
duty of the Deputy Registrar of Cooperative Society.

• The Joint Director, Agriculture and the Marketing Committee Incharge

will be responsible for making available Cereals, Vegetables and all
grocery items to the Central Kitchen.

• If there is any shortage of rice, cereals etc. the QRT Leader will request
the Food Corporation of India Depot Manager through the Team Leader.

• The QRT Leader will liaise with the Water and Sanitation QRT for
ensuring uninterrupted water supply for the Central Kitchen and other
places where the food is cooked.

• Management and distribution of relief items to affected victims

• Report the progress on action to the TL

• Inform TL about more requirement of staff members, additional materials

and food packages

• Initiate procurement of food items available at near by markets

• Prepare take-home food packets for the families

• Ensuring equal distribution of relief material including children, aged

groups, women and poor people

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 Chapter – 16

ESF 11 – WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

SCOPE:
During disasters the normal water supply mains/lines would be
heavily damaged and availability of water for drinking, cooking/sanitation would
be scarce which may hinder rehabilitation efforts.

SITUATIONASSUMPTIONS:

1. There may be a need of supplying water for fire fighting operation.

2. There may be a need for drinking purpose.

3. Rehabilitation site might be requiring temporary/mobile toilets.

4. There may be need to ensure clean environment.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Irrigation and Public Health (Public Works Department)

SUPPORTAGENCY: Commune Panchayat, Health Dept, DRDA, NGO‟s.

TEAMLEADER: Superintending Engineer-II (Public Works Department)

SOPsFORESFWATERSUPPLYANDSANITATION:

• Superintending Engineer II , Irrigation and Public Health will be the Team

Leader for ESF Water Supply and Sanitation.

• The TL of the ESF will contact the EOC and ascertain the number of
ESFs activated

• The TL will call a meeting of the Support Agencies within five hours of the
occurrence of the disaster.

• The TL shall coordinate with the Relief Camp ESF and ascertain the
requirement of drinking water and water for sanitation purposes.

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 • The TL also contact the Fire Fighting ESF for replenishing the depleted
stock of water for the Fire Engines engaged in fire fighting.

• TL will ensure that QRTs are on the site along with the required
resources

• TL shall be ensuring uninterrupted supply of water for fire-fighting to all

the brigades in operation

• TL shall coordinate with the transport coordinator for replenishing the

depleted stick of fire water at the incident site through water tanks

• Establish temporary sanitation facilities at the shelters

• Ensure cleanliness of sanitation facilities, relief shelters and local

commandant post.

SOPsFORQUICKRESPONSETEAMS:

• The QRT will be headed by the Executive Engineer, Irrigation and Public
Health .

• The other Members of the QRT are Assistant Engineer, LAD, Assistant
Engineer, Municipality, Health Inspector from Health Department,
Assistant Engineer, DRDA, Managing Director, PASIC.

• The QRTs will reach the disaster sites within five hours from the
occurrence of the disaster.

• The immediate priority for the QRT is to identify the damage to the
potable water pipe line and water supply system.

• The next step is to do immediate patch of repair work to resume water

supply.

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• If the QRT finds that the water source is contaminated, the water supply
through pipe line is temporarily stopped and potable water is delivered
through tanker lorries to areas.

• To prevent outbreak of diseases, chlorination of potable water

containers will be carried out under the supervision of the Health
Inspector.

• Assistant Engineer, DRDA will ensure temporary sanitation facilities at

the relief camps.

• If necessary, mobile toilets from Tourism Department will be provided for

Sanitation.

• Managing Director, PASIC will ensure water for all the requirements of
the ESF from PASIC bore wells.

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 Chapter – 17

ESF 12 - ELECTRICITY RESTORATION

SCOPE:

One of the essential services to be affected during a calamity like

cyclone, floods, earthquakes and heavy winds are disruption in power supply
and the potential threat to habitations because of the danger of collapse of
precarious electrical poles/transformers.

SITUATIONASSUMPTIONS:

1. Expect electric short circuits in the affected area which may aggravate the
fire
and explosions.

2. Electric fitting of the affected areas may get damaged and need repairing.

3. There may be a requirement of temporary lightening provisions in the

relief shelters and local commandant post.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Electricity Department

SUPPORTAGENCY: LAD,PWD,PPCL, Electrical Contractors

TEAMLEADER: Superintending Engineer-I (Electricity Department)

SOPsFORESFELECTRICITYRESTORATION:

• The Superintending Engineer-I , Electricity Dept. will be informed by the

EOC of any disaster

• Team Leader (Superintending Engineer-I, Electricity Department) will

activate the Emergency Support Functions(ESF) by informing his
headquarter team and field team

• Team Leader will inform Nodal and Supporting Agencies about the
incident.

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• If early warning of cyclonic storm, heavy wind laden rain is forecast,
the TL takes precautionary measures like pre emptive shut down of
power regulating in affected areas

• The TL should contact other activated ESFs like Emergency Medical

Services, Search and Rescue and other operations which may require
power back-up for operation.

SOPsFORQUICKRESPONSETEAM(QRT):

• Executive Engineer (O & M ) will be the Team Leader for the QRT.

• The QRT will reach the site of disaster within three hours from the
occurrence of the disaster.

• The QRT will give a rapid assessment report of the damaged poles,
lines, transformers, etc.

• The Assistant Engineer of the Local Body , Electrical Contractors of

the area, the Assistant Engineer, PWD along with the Assistant
Engineer, Puducherry Power Corporation will be the other Members
of the QRT.

• The QRTs will also assess the requirement of power supply and
provide them immediately for relief Camps in consultation with the
QRT of Relief Camp through local contractors.

• QRTs will send a requisition for electrical poles and cables to the
Team Leader of the Headquarters.

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 Chapter – 18

ESF 13 - PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING

SCOPE:

During any natural calamity, major infrastructure through out rail

network, buildings, bridges, water tanks and other critical assets heavily
damaged. Therefore, it is mandatory to protect the remaining assets from
further damage and also to repair the damaged roads and buildings for
ensuring speedy relief and response works.

ASSUMPTIONS:

1. Many buildings may appear to be safe from outside. But in a post

disaster situation, the structure of the buildings may be weak and it becomes
necessary for this ESF to periodically check the buildings and cause demolition,
if necessary.

2. Major roads and transportation would have been affected during a natural
calamity. And it may not be possible to reach all the affected areas by various
ESFs. Therefore, it becomes necessary to repair the damages to roads /
bridges in a war footing manner.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Public Works Department.

SUPPORTING AGENY: NHAI,LAD, Housing Board, Electricity Dept, Forest

Dept, Police Dept.

TEAMLEADER: Chief Engineer

SOPFORPUBLICWORKSANDENGINEERING:

• The Chief Engineer is alerted of the disaster / crisis by the EOC.

• Immediately, the CE convenes a meeting of all the Nodal Officers and

briefs them about the situation and seeks the status from all the support
agencies within half-an-hour.

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 • Multiple Quick Response Teams (QRTs) are formed according the
necessity of the situation.

• Executive Engineers of Special Building Division I / II and Executive

Engineer(North) and EE (South), Building and Roads will be the Team
Leaders of the respective QRTs.

• Assistant Engineer, Electricity corresponding to the area of jurisdiction will

be co-opted as Members of each QRT.

SOPFORQUICKRESPONSETEAM(QRT):

• QRTs will rush to the site immediately on receiving information from the
Chief Engineer.

• If the access to the site of disaster itself is severed, then QRT from the
sub-office rushes to the spot before the QRT from Headquarters and
tries to attend to the repair / breach .

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 Chapter – 19

ESF 14 – FIRE FIGHTING AND HAZARDOUS

MATERIALS RESPONSE
SCOPE:
An accidental fire either due to short circuit or otherwise if unattended
within the least possible time can aggravate and spread to neighboring buildings.
So, prompt action in containing the small fire or gas leak is always required to
contain it from growing to larger proportions. Fire in industrial premises or
factory can also lead to explosions.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Fire Service Department

SUPPORT AGENCY: Police, IRBn, Coast guards, NCC, Industries Dept,

Inspector of Factories, Labour Dept, Dept of Atomic Energy, Science and
Technology, Health Dept, Dept of Industries, Port Dept,

TEAMLEADER: Divisional Fire Officer

SOPFORESFFIREFIGHTING:

• Divisional Fire Officer is the Team Leader who will activate the ESF and
give instructions to the QRTs to reach an incident site to person rescue
operations

• DFO will coordinate with the EOCs ( on site and off site) to judge the
situation

• DFO will coordinate in will coordinate with technical experts, safety

coordinators and material coordinator of quick response in case of any
requirement in conducing rescue operations

SOPFORQUICKRESPONSETEAMONFIREFIGHTING:

a. On-Scene Assessment:
• First fire vehicle to reach at incident site will contact at site controller and
collect the necessary information regarding chemical leak, action taken,
current status and type of equipment required
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 • Driver will park their vehicle in a manner to prevent exposure to air-borne
chemical contaminants and fire explosions

• Each crewmember will wear the necessary PPEs (Personnel Protective

Equipments) before entering in the “hot zone”. They will work in pairs
and coordination.

• The situation will be communicated to the District Control Room/EOC to

provide the update of additional resource and manpower requirement

b. Plugging/Stopping of Leaks:

• Few crew members having good knowledge of basic tools and knowledge
to limit the losses from punctured or leaking tanks will work for plugging
holes. Plugs of varying sizes and shapes (conical, cylindrical, square or
wedge shaped wood pieces, rubber or metal sheets) can be jammed in
the wholes to reduce the leaking.

c. Suppression of Hazardous Gas or Vapour Releases:

• Based on the guidance of technical coordinators, the response team shall

take rapid measures to reduce the rate of amount of hazardous vapors or
gases entering in the atmosphere using one or combination of the
following measures.
• Physical restriction of liquid pool surface areas
• Transfer to an alternate or standby container if available
• Use of fire-fighting or specialized hazardous material foams
• Dilute or coverage of liquid pools with water or other compatible liquids
• Use of water sprays or fogs
• Neutralization of spilled liquids
• Cooling of spilled liquids or venting tanks

d. Search and Rescue Operations:

• According to the instructions of rescue coordinators QRTs should enter

into the hazardous areas and rescue injured and trapped people
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 • For common safety practice, QRTs should work in pairs

• QRT should initiate search and rescue operations of trapped people

under the guidance of technical experts

• QRT of rescue operations should carry a self-contained breathing

apparatus (SCBA) to carry out their mission without falling victim. They
should also carry a spare SCBA units which will help them to escape
people trapped in the hazardous areas and also sometimes rescue
workers require extra air supplies to accomplish prolonged rescue.

• TL gets the temporary telephone facilities established for the public and
information on this is announced through media.

SOPs FOR QRT ON FIRE FIGHTING AND HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

RESPONSE:

• The QRTs for fire and hazardous materials response will be lead by the
Assistant Divisional Fire Officer.

• The other Members of the QRT are Inspector of Police, Taluk Tahsildar,
Deputy Director, Industries, Chief Inspector of Factories.

• The QRT will reach the site with the required protective equipments as
quick as possible.

• Each Team Member will necessarily wear the personnel protective

equipments before entering the site.

• A technically qualified team identified through the Department of Science

and Technology will provide inputs on the ways and means for
containing / arresting the leak of poisonous gases or containing the fire.

• The QRTs will have volunteers from Home Guards, IRBM and NCC
Cadets for search and rescue in fires in high raised buildings.

• The QRT Leader will remain in touch with Medical, Search and
Rescue ESF.
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 Chapter – 20

ESF 15 - LAW AND ORDER ENFORCEMENT

SCOPE:

The ESF on Law and Order maintains the law and protects the property
and valuables. It is mainly responsible in controlling crowd and preventing riots.

SITUATIONASSUMPTION:

1. There would be panic and people will gather at a place.

2. The crowds may go out of control.
3. Riots may also take place.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Police

SUPPORTAGENCY: Judicial Dept, Revenue, NSS, NCC.

TEAMLEADER: Superintendent of Police

SOPFORESFLAW ANDORDER:

• Deploying Quick Response Teams (QRTs) to maintain law and order at

the incident site

• QRTs deployed at the site will be equipped and will coordinate with
following activities.

• Quick Assessment of law and order situation in affected areas.

• Cordon off the site to restrict movement of curious onlookers, vehicles

and pedestrians.

• Control and monitor traffic movements.

• Support and coordinate with local administration.

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• Prepare updates on the law and order situation in every 2 hours and brief
the authorities.

• Ensure law and order at assembly points and evacuation points.

• Control situation of rioting and looting and cordon off affected areas.

• Provide traffic diversions so as to ease movement of response vehicles to

incident site.

• Gather and disseminate information about the traffic flow on alternate

routes for decongestion.

• Ensuring law and order in rehabilitation centres.

• Communicate with PCR on regular basis regarding field activities

including deployment of manpower and resources.

• To advice home-guards to remain alert for responding to call from Police.

• To contact nearby hospitals for making emergency arrangements for

receiving injured persons.

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 Chapter – 21

ESF 16 - RESOURCE MOBILISATION; CONTRACTING

SERVICES VOLUNTEER AND DONATION SUPPORT

SCOPE:

In the aftermath of any disaster there will be lose of lives and property
depending upon scale and magnitude of the disaster. When the scale of the
disaster becomes unmanageable, the response activity needs to be augmented
with other resources of personnel, material, equipment.

SITUATIONASSUMPTION:

If the scale of the disaster is enormous then the response mechanism

available needs to augmented by Mobilizing additional resources, enlisting
volunteers and contracting / out sourcing of essential services before the onset
of disaster.

PRIMARYAGENCY: Social Welfare.

SUPPORTAGENCY: Revenue, Education Dept, PIPDIC, NGO‟S, NCC,

NSS.

TEAMLEADER: Director Social Welfare.

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 REFERENCES

FEMA – Federal Emergency Management Agency

National Emergency Response Framework

III Report of II Administrative Reforms Commission

– CRISIS MANAGEMENT from Despair to Hope

Crisis Management Plan – Dhanbad

District Disaster Management Plan – New Delhi (N)

Incident Command System, MHA, GOI

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