CLASS 6 - Maths

Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

Exercise 2.1
Question-1:
Write the next three natural numbers after 10999.
Answer:
10,999 + 1 = 11,000
11,000 + 1 = 11,001
11,001 + 1 = 11,002

Question-2:
Write the three whole numbers occurring just before 10001.
Answer:
10,001 – 1 = 10,000
10,000 – 1 = 9,999
9,999 – 1 = 9,998

Question-3:
Which is the smallest whole number?
Answer:
‘0’ (zero) is the smallest whole number.

Question-4:
How many whole numbers are there between 32 and 53?
Answer:
53 – 32 – 1 = 20
There are 20 whole numbers between 32 and 53.

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

Question-5:
Write the successor of:
(a) 2440701
(b) 100199
(c) 1099999
(d) 2345670
Answer:
(a) Successor of 2440701 is 2440701 + 1 = 2440702
(b) Successor of 100199 is 100199 + 1 = 100200
(c) Successor of 1099999 is 1099999 + 1 = 1100000
(d) Successor of 2345670 is 2345670 + 1 = 2345671

Question-6:
Write the predecessor of:
(a) 94
(b) 10000
(c) 208090
(d) 7654321
Answer:
(a) The predecessor of 94 is 94 – 1 = 93
(b) The predecessor of 10000 is 10000 – 1 = 9999
(c) The predecessor of 208090 is 208090 – 1 = 208089
(d) The predecessor of 7654321 is 7654321 – 1 = 7654320

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

Question-7:
In each of the following pairs of numbers, state which whole number is on the
left of the other number on the number line? Also write them with the
appropriate sign (>, <) between them.
(a) 530, 503
(b) 370, 307
(c) 98765, 56789
(d) 9830415, 10023001
Answer:
(a) 530 > 503; So 503 appear on left side of 530 on number line.
(b) 370 > 307; So 307 appear on left side of 370 on number line.
(c) 98765 > 56789; So 56789 appear on left side of 98765 on number
line.
(d) 9830415 < 10023001; So 9830415 appear on left side of 10023001 on
number line.

Question-8:
Which of the following statements are true (T) and which are false (F):
(a) Zero is the smallest natural number.
(b) 400 is the predecessor of 399.
(c) Zero is the smallest whole number.
(d) 600 is the successor of 599.
(e) All natural numbers are whole numbers.
(f) All whole numbers are natural numbers.
(g) The predecessor of a two digit number is never a single digit number.
(h) 1 is the smallest whole number.
(i) The natural number 1 has no predecessor.

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

(j) The whole number 1 has no predecessor.

(k) The whole number 13 lies between 11 and 12.
(l) The whole number 0 has no predecessor.
(m) The successor of a two digit number is always a two digit number.
Answer:
(a) False
(b) False
(c) True
(d) True
(e) True
(f) False
(g) False
(h) False
(i) True
(j) False
(k) False
(l) True
(m) False

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

Exercise 2.2

Question-1:
Find the sum by suitable rearrangement:
(a) 837 + 208 + 363
(b) 1962 + 453,+ 1538 + 647
Answer:
(a) 837 + 208 + 363
= (837 + 363) + 208
= 1200 + 208 [Using associative property]
= 1408

(b)1962 + 453 + 1538 + 647

= (1962 + 1538) + (453 + 647)
= 3500 + 1100
= 4600
Question-2:
Find the product by suitable arrangement:
(a) 2 x 1768 x 50
(b) 4 x 166 x 25
(c) 8 x 291 x 125
(d) 625 x 279 x 16
(e) 285 x 5 x 60
(f) 125 x 40 x 8 x 25
Answer: (a) 2 x 1768 x 50 (b) 4 x 166 x 25
= (2 x 50) x 1768 = (4 x 25) x 166
= 100 x 1768 = 100 x 166
= 176800 = 16600

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

(c) 8 x 291 x 125 (d) 625 x 279 x 16

= (8 x 125) x 291 = (625 x 16) x 279
= 1000 x 291 = 10000 x 279
= 291000 = 2790000

(e) 285 x 5 x 60 (f) 125 x 40 x 8 x 25

= 284 x (5 x 60) = (125 x 8) x (40 x 25)
= 284 x 300 = 1000 x 1000
= 85500 = 1000000

Question-3:
Find the value of the following:
(a) 297 x 17 + 297 x 3
(b) 54279 x 92 + 8 x 54279
(c) 81265 x 169 – 81265 x 69
(d) 3845 x 5 x 782 + 769 x 25 x 218
Answer:

(a) 297 x 17 x 297 x 3

= 297 x (17 + 3)
= 297 x 20
= 297 x 2 x 10
= 594 x 10
= 5940

(b) 54279 x 92 + 8 x 54279

= 54279 x (92 + 8)
= 54279 x 100
= 5427900

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

(c) 81265 x 169 – 81265 x 69

= 81265 x (169 – 69)
= 81265 x 100
= 8126500

(d) 3845 x 5 x 782 + 769 x 25 x 218

= 3845 x 5 x 782 + 769 x 5 x 5 x 218
= 3845 x 5 x 782 + (769 x 5) x 5 x 218
= 3845 x 5 x 782 + 3845 x 5 x 218
= 3845 x 5 x 782 + 3845 x 5 x 218
= 3845 x 5 x (782 + 218)
= 3845 x 5 x 1000
= 19225 x 1000
= 19225000

Question-4:
Find the product using suitable properties:
(a) 738 x 103 (b) 854 x 102 (c) 258 x 1008 (d) 1005 x 168
Answer:
we are using the distributive property of multiplication to find :

(a) 738 × 103

= 738 × (100 + 3)
= 738 × 100 + 738 × 3
= 73800 + 2214
= 76014
(b) 854 × 102
= 854 × (100 + 2)
= 854 × 100 + 854 × 2
= 85400 + 1708
= 87108
(c) 258 × 1008
= 258 × (1000 + 8)
= 258 × 1000 + 258 × 8
= 258000 + 2064
= 260064

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

(d) 1005 × 168

= (1000 + 5) × 168
= 1000 × 168 + 5 × 168
= 168000 + 840
= 168840

Question-5:
A taxi-driver, filled his car petrol tank with 40 litres of petrol on Monday. The
next day, he filled the tank with 50 litres of petrol. If the petrol costs ₹ 44 per
litre, how much did he spend in all on petrol?
Answer:
Petrol filled on Monday = 40 litres
Petrol filled on next day = 50 litres
Total petrol filled = 90 litres
So, Cost of 1 litre petrol = ₹ 44
Cost of 90 litres petrol = 44 x 90
= 44 x (100 – 10)

= 44 x 100 – 44 x 10
= 4400 – 440
= ₹ 3960
Therefore, he spent ₹ 3960 on petrol.

Question-6:
A vendor supplies 32 litres of milk to a hotel in a morning and 68 litres of milk
in the evening. If the milk costs ₹15 per litre, how much money is due to the
vendor per day?
Answer:
Supply of milk in morning = 32
litres Supply of milk in evening = 68
litres Total supply = 32 + 68 = 100

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

litres Now Cost of 1 litre milk = ₹15

Cost of 100 litres milk = 15 x 100
= ₹1500
So, ₹1500 is due to the vendor per day.

Question-7:
Match the following:
(i) 425 × 136 = 425 × (6 + 30 + 100) (a) Commutativity under multiplication.
(ii) 2 × 49 × 50 = 2 × 50 × 49 (b) Commutativity under addition.
(iii) 80 + 2005 + 20 = 80 + 20 + 2005 (c) Distributivity of multiplication over addition.

Answer:
(i) 425 × 136 = 425 × (6 + 30 + 100) (c) Distributivity of multiplication over addition.

(ii) 2 × 49 × 50 = 2 × 50 × 49 (a) Commutativity under multiplication.

(iii) 80 + 2005 + 20 = 80 + 20 + 2005 (b) Commutativity under addition.

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 CLASS 6 - Maths

Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

Exercise 2.3
Question-1:
Which of the following will not represent zero?
(a) 1 + 0 (b) 0 × 0
(c) 0 / 2 (d) (10 – 10) / 2
Answer:
(a) [1 + 0 is equal to 1 ]
1+0=1≠0

Question-2:
If the product of two whole numbers is zero, can we say that one or both of
them will be zero? Justify through examples.
Answer:
Yes, if we multiply any number with zero the resultant product will be
zero.

Example 1 5x0 0 Since the product (0) is zero, number2 (0) is zero.

If both numers are zero,

Example Since the product (0) is zero, both number1 (0) and
0x0 0
2 number2 (0) are zero.

Question-3:
If the product of two whole number is 1, can we say that one or both of them
will be 1? Justify through examples.
Answer:
If the product of two whole numbers is 1, both the numbers should be 1, since we
know that when any number is multiplied by 1 the result is

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

always equal to the same number.

Example: 1 × 1 = 1
But, 1 × 10 = 10 or 12 × 1 = 12
Hence, it's clear that if the product of two whole numbers is 1,Then both the numbers
are '1' [like 1x1=1]

Question-4:
Find using distributive property:
(a) 728 x 101
(b) 5437 x 1001
(c) 824 x 25
(d) 4275 x 125
(e) 504 x 35
Answer:
According to the distributive property, a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c
(a) 728 × 101
(101 can be written as 100 + 1)
= 728 × (100 + 1)
= 728 × 100 + 728 × 1
= 72800 + 728
= 73528

(b) 5437 × 1001

(1001 can be written as 1000+1)
= 5437 × (1000 + 1)
= 5437 × 1000 + 5437 × 1
= 5437000 + 5437
= 5442437

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

(c) 824 × 25
= 824 × (20 + 5)
= (824 × 20) + (824 × 5)
= 16480 + 4120
= 20600

(d) 4275 × 125

= 4275 × (100 + 20 + 5)
= 4275 × 100 + 4275 × 20 + 4275 × 5
= 427500 + 85500 + 21375
= 534375

(e) 504 × 35
= (500 + 4) × 35
= 500 × 35 + 4 × 35
= 17500 + 140
= 17640

Question-5:
Study the pattern:
1x8+1=9
12 x 8 + 2 = 98
123 x 8 + 3 = 987
1234 x 8 + 4 = 9876
12345 x 8 + 5 = 98765
Write the next two steps. Can you say how the pattern works?
Answer:

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Chapter 2 : Whole Numbers

1) 123456 x 8 + 6 = 987654
2) 1234567 x 8 + 7 = 9876543
Pattern works like this:

observe on the left-hand side 1, then 12, and 123, 1234,…….So on, the digits are
consecutively increasing. Also, these numbers are being multiplied with 8 in every
step.
Next to 8, they are being added to consecutive numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5…
Thus, the next two steps are,
123456 × 8 + 6 = 987654
1234567 × 8 + 7 = 9876543

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