What is Explanation Text?

Water is always moving; rain that’s fallen where

you live may have been water in the ocean a
couple of days before. Water can be in the
atmosphere, on land, in the ocean and even
underground. It gets used over and over and over
again through what is called the water cycle. In
this cycle, water changes from liquid, solid and
gas (which is water vapor). Water vapor then
gets into the atmosphere through a process

Figure 1. https://classnotes.org.in/class-6/science/water/water- called evaporation. This then turns the water that
cycle-2/ is at the top of oceans, rivers and lakes into
water vapor in the atmosphere using energy from the sun. This vapor can also from snow and ice too. The
water vapor rises in the atmosphere and there it cools down and forms tiny water droplets through something
called condensation. These tiny droplets then turn into clouds. When they all combine together, they grow
bigger and are too heavy to stay up there in the air. This is when they will fall to the ground as rain, or maybe
snow or hail due to the force of gravity. Once the rain has fallen, a lot of it goes into oceans, rivers, lakes and
streams that will all eventually lead to our oceans. Snow and ice stay on the surface of the Earth, like glaciers
and other types of ice. Some rain seeps into the ground too.
https://www.coolkidfacts.com/how-is-rain-formed/
Explanation text is a text which tells a process relating to forming of natural, social, scientific, and cultural
phenomena Explanation text is a text that explains about a process or sequence of phenomena.
There are 2 types of explanation text; sequential and cause and effect. Why we write that kind of text? To
explain how or why something happens. What is the purpose of explanation text?

Structure and Language Features

How the rain is formed? Title
Use Simple Water is always moving; rain that’s fallen where you live may have been water in General
Present the ocean a couple of days before. Water can be in the atmosphere, on land, in the Statement
ocean and even underground. It gets used over and over and over again through
Contains what is called the water cycle
explanatio Water vapor then gets into the atmosphere through a process called evaporation. Explanatio
n of the This then turns the water that is at the top of oceans, rivers and lakes into water n
process. vapor in the atmosphere using energy from the sun. This vapor can also from
snow and ice too. The water vapor rises in the atmosphere and there it cools down
Use and forms tiny water droplets through something called condensation. These tiny
Passive droplets then turn into clouds. When they all combine together, they grow bigger
and are too heavy to stay up there in the air. This is when they will fall to the
ground as rain, or maybe snow or hail due to the force of gravity. Once the rain has
Abstract
fallen, a lot of it goes into oceans, rivers, lakes and streams that will all eventually
Noun
lead to our oceans. Snow and ice stay on the surface of the Earth, like glaciers and
other types of ice. Some rain seeps into the ground too.
Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 1
 Reading Exercise
How Chocolate is Made
Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well, this time we will enter the amazing world of chocolate so
we can understand exactly we are eating.
Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in place such as South
America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the
fruits are the tree’s seeds. They are also known as coco beans.
Next, the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun. After that they are shipped to the chocolate
maker. The chocolate maker starts processing by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans
from different places have different qualities and flavour. So, they are often shorted and blended to produce a
distinctive mix.
The next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed to remove the meat nib of the cacao bean from
its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are grounded to make it liquid. The liquid is called
chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter.
All seeds contain some amount of fat and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat,
which is why they ground nibs from liquid. It is pure bitter chocolate.
Source:

How a Cancer is formed

What is cancer? It is actually a group of more than one hundred separate diseases. Most of us are fear from
cancer. It is reasonable because next to heart disease, cancer is the second leading cause of death.
Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA. Those mutations can occur spontaneously.
The mutations may be also induced by other factors such as: nuclear and electromagnetic radiation, viruses,
bacteria and fungi, parasites, heat, chemicals in the air, water and food, mechanical cell-level injury, free
radicals, evolution and ageing of DNA, etc. All such factors can produce mutations that may start cancer.
Cancer cells are formed continuously in the organism. It is estimated that there are about 10,000 cancer cells at
any given time in a healthy person. Why do some results in macroscopic-level cancers and some do not? First,
not all damaged cells can multiply and many of them die quickly. Second, those which potentially divide and
form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the immune system. Therefore, cancer
develops if the immune system is not working properly or the number of cells produced is too great for the
immune system to eliminate.
Why Human Farts?
Everybody burps and farts around 2.5 litres of gas per day, which comes from the air we breathe, the drinks we
quaff and the bacteria in our digestive system. Our bodies get rid of this excess gas via the mouth and anus. You
may not even notice yourself passing gas – it can be very small quantities, and sometimes doesn't smell at all.
Unlike in cows, methane is not a major constituent of our farts. So, if someone sets a fart alight, it’s usually
hydrogen gas that’s burning. While farting is completely normal, if you start to fart more than normal, if can be
the result of an underlying medical condition.
Why do we fart?
We fart because there is gas in our intestines that we need to get out.
A small amount of swallowed air makes it into the intestines, but most of the gas there is produced by the
bacteria that help to digest our food. This gas is expelled by burping and farting.
The gas is mainly hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The smell comes from sulphur compounds that are only present
in trace amounts. The nerve endings in your anus allow you to distinguish between a build-up of gas and a solid
stool, so you can pass wind safely.
Does everybody fart?
Without exception. Gas ends up in the large intestine from air that is swallowed and from the action of the
bacteria that live there. It is mostly nitrogen and carbon dioxide with some hydrogen and methane mixed in,

Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 2

with tiny amounts of skatole, indole, methanethiol, hydrogen sulphide and dimethyl sulphide to give it a stinky
smell.
What foods make you fart?
Beans, beans, they're good for your heart. The more you eat, the more you fart... or so the poem says. But why
do beans make you fart, exactly? Beans, like many other foods, contain plenty of soluble fibre. While this is
great for your health, it can also make you fart – soluble fibres are fermented in the colon, rather than being
digested in the intestines. This produces gas, which becomes a fart.
Other fart-inducing foods include pulses, such as lentils and peas, brassicas including cabbages and broccoli,
onions, prunes and apples.
Do animals fart?
So, all humans fart – but does that mean all animals do, too? Read on to find out which are flatulent fiends and
which are silent but deadly. Do rabbits fart?
Yes. Rabbits are described as non-ruminant herbivores, which means that while their diet consists of plant
matter such as grass, flowers, as well as twigs, they do not have a specialised stomach to digest plant material.
Instead, they rely on microorganisms (bacteria and protists) within their caecum (a pouch in their large
intestine: you have one too) to extract nutrients from their cellulose-based diet.
Since their food is initially digested in their large intestine, in order to get the most nutrition out of their food
rabbits also re-ingest their cecotropes, which are soft faeces consisting of the fermented plant material.
Unsurprisingly, both the rabbit’s slightly disgusting diet and their digestive system provide the perfect recipe for
farts. Rabbits not only can and do fart, but they need to fart. Stress, dehydration and a diet that is low in fibre
but high in carbohydrates and sugar can lead to a build-up of gas within their intestines, which is known as
intestinal stasis.
While farts are often humorous, this is no laughing matter for rabbits, as this gas build-up is extremely painful
and can become fatal very quickly unless properly released, sometimes requiring medical intervention. – Dani
Rabaiotti
Do spiders fart?
Nobody knows! Spider flatulence is an oddly understudied topic in scientific literature, but we can look to their
digestive system for some clues. Spiders do the vast majority of digestion outside their body, injecting their
prey with venom from their fangs before ejecting sputum, full of digestive enzymes, from their mouths, through
the fang holes and into the body of their prey.
They then wait whilst the digestive juices break down tissues inside the exoskeleton or, in some cases, skin of
their prey. Spiders will then suck up the liquidy goodness into their mouths and stomachs, then they regurgitate
it and eat it again.
This happens a number of times, as spider digestive systems can only handle liquids – which means no lumps!
It would seem likely that spiders ingest air during this process – one of the key elements needed for a fart. Once
they have extracted all the nutrients, in an organ called the ceaca, the food passes to the stercoral sac, where the
moisture is extracted before anything left over is excreted through the anus as waste. Since the stercoral sac
contains bacteria, which helps break down the spider’s food, it seems likely that gas is produced during this
process, and therefore there is certainly the possibility that spiders do fart. No work has been done to verify this
to date, however, so the truth remains a mystery until urgently needed research funding is allocated. – Dani
Rabaiotti
Do birds fart?
Birds have an anus, and so technically could fart, but to date there’s been no official evidence that they do. One
theory is that they don’t need to fart like humans and other mammals because they have a faster rate of
digestion – their food simply doesn’t spend long enough in their short gastrointestinal tracts to ferment and form
gas. Another theory is that birds’ guts don’t contain the same gas-forming bacteria as mammals. It’s also
possible that ornithologists have missed bird farts because they leak out passively rather than in one eruption, or
birds could be burping to release unwanted gas instead.
Source: https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/fart

Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 3

 Passive Sentence

Circle the passive words in these following sentences!

1. Narcissistic personality disorder is a mental health condition in which people have an inflated sense of
their own importance, a deep need of exessive attention and admiration, troubled relationships and lack
of sympathy for others.
2. Behind this mask of extreme confidence lies a fragile self – esteem that’s vulnerable to the slightest
criticism.
3. A narcissistic personality disorder causes problems in many areas of life, such as relationships, work,
school or financial affairs.
4. People with narcissistic personality disorder may be generally unhappy and disappointed when they are
not given the special favors or admiration they believe they deserve.
5. Signs and symptoms of narcissistic personality disorder and the severity of symptoms vary.
6. People with narrcissistic personality disorder may not want to think that anything could be wrong, so
they may be unlikely to seek treatment.
7. If you recognize aspects of your personality that are common to narcissistic personality disorder or
you’re feeling overwhelmed by sadness, consider reaching out to a trusted doctor or mental health
provider.
8. Getting the right treatment can help make your life more rewarding and enjoyable.

Smiles can do so much, even if we don’t always feel “happy” in that moment, we can use
smiles to trick ourselves to being happy. Because when we are happy, the endorphins
released in our brains are transmitted to our muscles, triggering us to smile. A smile does
the same thing to our mind; the contraction of muscles which leads us to smile sends this
happy transmission back to our brains creating a positive loop of happiness flowing
between mind and smile which can then be shared with everyone else. By deciding that
you want to be happy and by executing this marvelous decision through smiling and making
those happy neurons cycle, you are not only doing something good for you, but for
everyone around you.
So, can you start smiling now?
Source: https://nwtc.uk.com/newsreel/power-of-smile

Disorder: gangguan
Inflated:meningkat
Exessive: berlebihan
Lack of: kekurangan
Fragile: rapuh
Self –esteem: harga diri
Vulnerable: peka
Slightest: sekecil apapun
Affair: urusan
Deserve: pantas
Severity: kerasnya
Vary: berbeda
Seek: mencari
Recognize: Mengenali
Overwhelmed: kewalahan

Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 4

 Solar energy is used to produce salt from salt water. In solar evaporation, brines are placed in large open
shallow ponds or pans from which water evaporates. The brins become concentrated, and crystallizaion occurs.
After all the water is driven off, the salt is harvested mechanically. Solar evaporation, an 5 ancient art, now is a
large – scale industrial process.
Solar energy is also used to produce drinkable water from salt water. In the most common solar still
brines are put in black pans that have transparent sloping covers made of glass or plastic. Solar energy enters
through the cover and is absorbed in the basin. The absorbed solar energy evaporates water from the brine,
leaving salt water in the basin. The water vapor rises inside the still and comes in contact with the cover, where it
condences. The fresh water runs down the sloping underside of the cover o collection through at the edges of the
cover and then goes to a storage tank, ready o use.
UM Undip 2009

The applications, games, and websites that are promoted as 'educational' are not always the best ones for
supporting learning. The fact that they are interactive does not necessarily mean that they are much better
than an old-fashioned workbook with its right and wrong answers. Children may enjoy these products for a
while but then get a bit bored. Thus, they are not the most appropriate or engaging way to learn. Treat so-
called 'free' applications with caution. Some will expose your child to advertisements. Others are designed
to wait until your child is engaged in a game or storyline and then demand payment before they can go any
further. This can lead to frustration as young children do not understand why they cannot continue.
Sometimes it is better to make a small payment in advance if the application promises no further purchases.
However, some applications are free to download and completely free of advertisements or in-app
purchases. Choosing an app needs the same kind of thought and care you would put into buying anything
else for your child. Do not rely only on the star rating. Instead, read the user reviews and check the privacy
policy if you are worried about the personal information that the app might be collecting. If you want your
child to enjoy learning, develop curiosity, and think about things creatively, provide them with a range of
games and apps. Open ended games have become progressively more challenging and encourage children to
explore and have fun. They are, therefore, more likely to establish a love of learning and to lay the
foundation for their future development. Physical activity, reading, and other more 'traditional' activities
continue to play a very important part in children's development. But, most parents do rely on screen
devices from time to time to engage their child while they are busy with something else. This is not a
problem in itself, just as long as children's time is made up of a balanced range of activities.

(Adapted from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/z3tsyrd) – SBMPTN 2017

How is Passive Voice made?

BE + VERB 3
PASSIVE
ACTIVE
BE VERB 3
PRESENT TENSE (Masa Sekarang)- Verb 1/
AM/ IS/ ARE Verb 3
Verb+es
PAST TENSE (Masa Lampau) – Verb 2 WAS/ WERE Verb 3
PROGRESSIVE (Sedang) - Be + Verb.ing AM/IS/ARE/WAS/WERE +
Verb 3
being
Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 5
MODALS (Will/ Can/ Should/ Must/ May) MODALS itself +BE Verb 3
PERFECT (Telah) - Have/ has/ had + verb 3 HAVE/ HAS/ HAD + been Verb 3

1. Simple Present
I open the door.
Step
1. Tentukan Subjek dan objeknya terlebih
dahulu, lalu tukar posisi! Di passive yang
melakukan namanya Agent ya nak.
2. Identifikasi kata kerjanya, apakah itu pakai
modals/ verb 1/ verb 2/ atau have/has/had
verb 3/ atau pakai Verb Ing.
The door IS OPENED by me. 3. Kalau sudah tau baru pilih to be nya,
sesuaikan pada subjek sebelumnya, kalau
tunggal ya tunggal, kalau jamak ya jamak.
4. Kata kerja yang muncul di aktif ubah ke
“Be” mengikuti kata kerja di kalimat aktif dan verb 3.
bentuk jamak/ tunggalnya mengikuti jumlah 5. Selesai!
benda sebelumnya.

Jack READS some books → Some books ARE READ by Jack.

Our education minister BANS cigarette in school area → Cigarete IS BANNED by our education
minister in the school area.
Somebody CLEANS the office every day → The office IS CLEANED every day.
Butter IS MADE from milk.
Oranges ARE IMPORTED into Britain.
I AM never INVITED to a party.
2. Simple Past Tense
Dynasty Syailendra built Borobudur in ...BC → Borobudur WAS BUILT by Syailendra Dynasti in 750
BA
Nadiem Makarim, the CEO of Gojek launched Gojek App in 2017. → Gojek App WAS LAUNCHED
by Nadiem Makarim, the CEO of Gojek in 2017.
I WAS BORN in Semarang, 2004.
WAS anybody INJURED in the accident?
1. People built the building 100 years ago. _____________________________________________
2. My parents built these houses 17 years a go. __________________________________________
3. My friends didn’t invite me to the pasty last week. _____________________________________
4. My dog bite me yesterday. ________________________________________________________
5. People operated Ambulance in 1972. _______________________________________________
3. Progressive
Heni is preparing well the presentation → The presentation is being prepared well by Heni.
My parents are checking the selling report → The selling report is being checked by my parents.
My neighbor is driving my parents crazy. → My parents are being driven crazy by my neighbour.
1. My dad is washing his car. _______________________________________________________
2. The children are playing my car toys. ______________________________________________
3. Yunita is reading “OnePiece” comic. ______________________________________________
Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 6
 4. Mom is cooking meals for our dinner. ______________________________________________
5. My uncle is driving my car. _______________________________________________________
4. Modals
I WILL LOVE you –You will be loved.
This desk is light-weight, I think anyone CAN MOVE it. → It can be moved.
The floor looks so dirty, we SHOULD MOP it soon. →It should be mopped soon.
Someone WILL ANNOUNCE the winning soon. → The winning will be announced soon.
1. We should do the assignment before 3 p.m.
__________________________________ ______________________________________________
2. I think we should ban vape in school area, too, because it is as harmful as cigarette.
______________________________________________________________________________
3. The committee will give the seat number when we are in the parking area.
______________________________________________________________________________
4. People will open the cinema soon after a long time.
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Bacteria can contaminate food after getting descended by flies.
______________________________________________________________________________
5. Perfect
Some mayors of big cities in Indonesia has banned the usage of plastic. -→ Plastic HAS BEEN
BANNED by soe mayors of big cities in Indonesia.
My key has been stolen.
My keys have been stolen.
The room has been cleaned.
1. The committee has verified my application. _____________________________________________
2. Someone has used my debit card to buy something in Shopee.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. I have sent the document already._____________________________________________________
4. My friends have submitted their English assignments. ____________________________________
5. My teacher has told the class about the upcoming events. __________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
ACTIVE PASSIVE ( BE + VERB 3)
Subject + verb 1/ Verb s + O Subject + am/ is/ are + verb 3
Subject + verb 2 + O Subject + was/ were + verb 3
Subject + am / is/ are + verb ing + O Subject + am/is/are + being + verb 3
Subject + was/ were + verb ing + O Subject + Was/ were + being + verb 3
Subject +has/ have + verb 3 + O Subject + has/ have + been + verb 3
Subject + had + verb 3 + O Subject + had + been + verb 3
Subject + modals (can/ should/ will/ may/ must) Subject + Modals + be + verb 3
+verb 1
NEGATIVE
Subject + verb 1/ Verb s + O Subject + am/ is/ are NOT + verb 3
Subject + verb 2 + O Subject + was/ were NOT + verb 3
Subject + am / is/ are + verb ing + O Subject + am/is/are NOT + being + verb 3
Subject + was/ were + verb ing + O Subject + Was/ were NOT + being + verb 3
Subject +has/ have + verb 3 + O Subject + has/ have NOT + been + verb 3
Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 7
 Subject + had + verb 3 + O Subject + had NOT + been + verb 3
Subject + modals (can/ should/ will/ may/ must) Subject + Modals NOT + be + verb 3
+verb 1
QUESTION
Subject + verb 1/ Verb s + O Subject + am/ is/ are + verb 3
Subject + verb 2 + O Subject + was/ were + verb 3
Subject + am / is/ are + verb ing + O Subject + am/is/are + being + verb 3
Subject + was/ were + verb ing + O Subject + Was/ were + being + verb 3
Subject +has/ have + verb 3 + O Subject + has/ have + been + verb 3
Subject + had + verb 3 + O Subject + had + been + verb 3
Subject + modals (can/ should/ will/ may/ must) Subject + Modals + be + verb 3
+verb 1

Another examples in the text!

Ants are social insects of the family Formicidae and belong to the order Hymnoptera. More than 12.500 out of
an estimated total of 22.000 species have been classified. They are easily identified with their elbowed antennae and
a distinctive node-like structure that forms a slender waist. (antena siku dan struktur seperti simpul khas yang
membentuk pinggang yang ramping)
Ants are found on all continens except Antartica. Ants occupy a wide range of ecological niches (relung
ekologis), and are able to exploit a wide range of food resources either as direct or indirect herbivores, predators, and
scavengers(pemakan bangkai). Most species are omnivorous generalists, but a few are specialist feeders. Their
ecological dominance may be measured by their biomass.
Ants range in size from 0.75 to 52 millimeters, he largest species being he fossil Titanomyrma giganteum, the
queen of which was 6 centimeters (2.4 in) long with a wingspan of 15 centimetes (5.9 in). Ants vary in color; most
ants are red or black, but a few species are green and some tropical species have a metallic luster (kilau). More than
12.000 species are currently known with the greatest diversity in the tropics. Taxonomic studies continue to resolve
the classification and systematic of ants. Online databases of ant species, including Ant Base and the Hymnoptera
Name Server, help to keep track of the known and newly described species. The relative ease with which ants may be
sampled and studies in ecosystems has made them useful as indicator species in biodiversity studies. (studi
keanekaragaman hayati)
Source: Pathway to English for Senior High School Grade XI - Generale Programme
Summary :
It is said that ants are social insects of the family Formicidae and belong to the order Hymnoptera and
12.500 species of it have been classified. Ants are identified with their elbowed antennae. Ants are not
found in Antartica. Ant’s ecological dominance can be measured by their biomass. Newly ant species are
studied and described to keep trackof the known and new species.

Crying is a natural thing that humans will experience; it is response of emotions including sadness, grief, joy, and
frustration. Did you know that crying plays an important role in our health? How can it be? Please check them out!
1. It Relieves Stress
Chronic stress can increase the risk of heart attack, damage certain areas of the brain, and contribute to digestive
issues like ulcers, and cause tension headaches and migraines, among other health issues. “Humans’ ability to cry has
survival value,” Frey emphasizes. When it comes to stress reduction techniques for family caregivers, crying may not be
as effective as something like respite care, but in dire circumstances a good cry can provide a temporary release.
2. Crying Lowers Blood Pressure
Crying has been found to lower blood pressure and pulse rate immediately following therapy sessions during which
patients cried and vented. High blood pressure can damage the heart and blood vessels and contribute to stroke, heart
failure and even dementia.

Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 8

 3. Tears Remove Toxins
In addition, Frey says crying actually removes toxins from the body. Tears help humans eliminate stress hormones like
cortisol that build up during times of emotional turmoil and can wreak havoc on the body. Crying is both a physical and
emotional release that helps humans start over with a blank slate.
4. It Reduces Manganese
The simple act of crying also reduces the body’s manganese level, a mineral which affects mood and is found in
significantly greater concentrations in tears than in blood serum. Elevated manganese levels can be associated with
anxiety, irritability and aggression.
5. Embrace Your Emotions and Humanity
While the eyes of all mammals are moistened and soothed by tears, only human beings shed tears in response to
emotional stress. Crying helps us acknowledge the feelings we’re experiencing, and emotions motivate us to empathize,
coordinate and work together to survive. In fact, crying serves an important social function. It communicates the strength
and nature of relationships, elicits sympathy and even assistance, and draws individuals closer to one another.
The next time you’re feeling overwhelmed and fighting back tears, do yourself a favor and keep these points in mind.
Finding a quiet place to decompress or a supportive shoulder to cry on might be exactly what you need.
Source: https://www.agingcare.com/articles/reasons-why-crying-is-good-for-your-health-146022.htm

Passive Exercise
A. Change into Passive
1. Little John ate some apples. →
2. The police catch the robbers.-→
3. They are painting some pictures. →
4. Does Rudi paint his room? →
5. What are they visiting now? →
6. Did your father buy a new car? →
7. I will learn French. →
8. Mother look after the baby well. →
9. Nobody has ever seen him in the night club. →
10. What do they do? →

B. Choose the correct answer

1. Passive sentence from “A cat ate fish” is...
a. A fish eaten a cat d. A fish eating a mouse
b. A fish is eaten by cat e. A fish was eaten by a cat
c. A fish eat a cat
2. A well-known architect is designing our new office.
The passive form of the above sentence is our new office _______________ by a well known architect.
a. is designed d. is being designed
b. designed e. be designed
c. designs
3. The stewardess is now serving coffee to the passengers
The passive form of the above sentence is d. The passengers are serving coffee now
a. Coffee is now served by the passengers e. Coffee is now being served to the passengers
b. The psasengers are now served coffee
c. Coffee is now served to the passengers
4. Have you been informed about the exact number of victims of the airplane crash?
Yes, _______________ to the headquarters of Garuda
a. It has been faxed d. The victims fax
b. Has faxed e. They are faxed
c. We fax it
5. You seem to waiting for something these days. That’s true I’m waiting _______________ for an interview
Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 9
 a. Called d. be called
b. to be called e. to call
c. calling
6. I am still waiting _______________ for an interview
a. be calling d. be called
b. called e. to call
c. to be called
7. Bambang looks very happy today. He receives a new position in the office. Don’t you know he
_______________to be the new general manager? The finla decision will be tomorrow.
a. has been promoted d. has to promoted
b. is being promoted e. to be promoted
c. has promoted
8. Why does the baby next door keep crying? As usual, it _______________ by the baby sitter
a. Neglects d. is neglecting
b. is to be negleccted e. is neglected
c. is to neglected
9. Find the correct sentece that has the passive form ...
a. Father drinking coffee every morning d. The house will be painted by them next week
b. The police arrested the thief last night e. The boy whom I introduced to you is a new student
c. I plan to give her reward
10. The floor _______________ by the srvants every day.
a. is swept d. will be swept
b. is sweeping e. has been swept
c. was being swept
11. The students _______________ ethics by her so they respect people in their surroundings.
a. should been taught d. should have taught
b. should be teaching e. should taught
c. should be taught
12. The painter is drawing a beautiful lady.
a. The beautiful lady is being drawn by the painter d.The beautiful lady was drawing by the painter
b. The painter is drawn by the beautiful lady e.The painter has been drawn by the beautiful lady
c. The beautiful lady is drawn by the painter
13. The work must be finish by the students on time or they will get punishment from the teacher.
a. The auxilliary must should be folowed by ‘been’
b. There is no mistake
c. Teh verb ‘get’ shoud be changed into past participle
d. The verb ‘finish’ wrong because it should use past participle
e. The position between the students and the teacher should be exchanged
14. Steve has been given the suggestion to stop smoking.
a. Steve gives suggestion to stop smoking
b. The suggestion to stop smoking has been given by Steve
c. The suggestion to stop smoking about Steve has been given
d. Somebody has given Steve the sugggestion to stop smoking
e. Th suggestion to stop smoking was given to Steve
15. Windi : I’m wondering when the seminar will be held. I’m afraid it will clash with the schedule our
final exam
Ukfah : I’ll look for some information whether it .... or not
a. has to schedule d. has not been schedule yet
b. has not been schedule yet e. has been already schedule
c. has been scheduling
Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 10
16. Mira : Look! The girl is crying. What happened to her?
Wanny : While playing with her broother, she ..
a. was kicking d. kicks
b. was kicked e. kicked
c. will kick
17. Do you know the result of the test.
Not yet. The announcement .... twice
a. has been postponed d. has to be postponed
b. will be postponed e. will be postponed was postponed
c. was being postponed
18. Bella : There’s no longer a rule for the youth to enter military serivice in Britain.
Wayan : Really? When?
a. was it abolished d. did it abolished
b. to be abolished e. was it abolishing
c. was it abolish

C. Change the active to the passive.

1. Didi Nini Thowok made that dance. That dance was made by Didi Nini Thowok.
2. Bill will invite Ann to the party.
3. Alex is preparing that report.
4. Waitresses and waitres serve customer.
5. The teacher is going to explain the lesson.
6. Shirley has suggested a new idea.
7. Two horses were pulling the farmer’s wagon.
8. Kathy had returned the book to the library.
9. By this time tomorrow, the precident will have made an announcement.
10. I didnt write that note. Jim wrote it.
11. Bill will invite Ann to the party.
12. The teacher will explain the lesson.
13. That company will complete the new highway sometimes next month.
14. Someone will announce the result of the contest.
15. They will build the new hospital next year.
16. They have already built the new elementary school.

D. Fill the blank spaces with the words in the parentheses.

1. James _________ the news as soon as possible. (should+tell). Should be told.
2. James _____________ the news a long time ago (should + tell)
3. Meet________________in a refrigerator or it will spoil. (must + keep)
4. We tried, but the window______________. (couldnt + open)
5. Good news! I ________________a job soon. (may + offer)
6. Oh God, you __________________because came back home late. (must + punish)
7. Dont worry about it, it ________________ in any supermarket. (can + buy)
8. Your house _____________________when you are away. (should + lock)
E. Cross the correct answer!
1. The diction, appearance, and originality of our paper (score) _______________.
a. will score c. are scoring
b. will be scored d. scored
2. Get out of here! This room (clean) _______________ for a while.
a. will be cleaned c. cleans
b. is scoring d. will clean
Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 11
3. Do it later Siska, it (write) _______________ by Hani.
a. will write c. writes
b. will be written d. wrote
4. Man who always does kindness in his life (remember) _______________as a meritorious man.
a. will remember
b. is remembering
c. will be remembered
d. remembers
5. It (be good) _______________for you if you study everyday little by little. So you do not need to burn
the midnight oil when examination comes.
a. will be good
b. is good
c. will good
d. good

Explanation Text_Nisaul Choiriyah_ SMAN 1 Ungara | 12