Republic of the Philippines

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY SANTA MARIA CAMPUS

1 ST Semester
A. Y. 2023-2024

GEE 3- PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE

MODULE 2 Lesson 2: The Popular Culture

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

lesson 2: The Popular Culture

Page
I. Title
II. Objectives
III. Introduction 1
IV. Discussion
I. What is Pop Culture? 2
A. Statistical Views 3
key areas that can be explored from a statistical perspective 4
B. Elitist views 5
C. Political View 6
4 Common Political Views 7
8
Libertarianism in Pop Culture 9
D. Types Of Pop Culture 10
11
Activities
A. Cross Word Puzzle 12
B. Jumbled Letters 13
V. Summary/ Terms to Remember 14
VI. Quiz /Assignment 15

MODULE 2: The Popular Culture

What is this module about?

 In this module we discuss the popular culture and their
examples. We talk about the different views of culture that we use
like Statistical View, (Their 2 Main Aspects of Statistical
Perspectives of Culture), Elitist Views and Political Views. Also we
discuss the Types of Popular Culture.

A. Introduction

Poppular Culture are culture based on the tastes of

ordinary people rather than an educated elite. This sets of
practices, beliefs and objects that embody the most broadly
shared meaning or a social system.

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson the pupils should be able
to:
a. Define what is pop culture
b. Describe the importance of pop culture
c. Determine the different types of pop culture
and how will they apply it.

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Discussion

I. What is Popular Culture?

Popular culture, often abbreviated as pop culture, refers to the set of ideas,
practices, images, objects, and phenomena that are prevalent and widespread within
a given society at a specific point in time. It encompasses the aspects of culture that
are popular and accessible to a large audience, reflecting the tastes, preferences,
and interests of the general public.

Popular culture is the products and forms of expression and identity that are
frequently encountered or widely accepted, commonly liked or approved, and
characteristic of a particular society at a given time.

"It consists of the aspects of attitudes, behaviors, beliefs, customs, and taste
that define the people of any society. Popular culture is, in the historic use of the
term, the culture of the people.” -Ray Browne

Popular culture is also informed by the mass media. Popular culture allows
large, heterogeneous masses of people to identify collectively. It serves an
inclusionary role in society as it unites the masses around ideals of acceptable forms
of behavior. It can be determined by the interactions between people in their
everyday activities: styles of dress, the use of slang, greeting rituals, and the foods
that people eat are all examples of popular culture. Popular culture is also informed
by the mass media. Popular culture allows large, heterogeneous masses of people to
identify collectively. It serves an inclusionary role in society as it unites the masses
around ideals of acceptable forms of behavior.

Popular culture is dynamic and constantly evolving, influenced by various

factors such as media, technology, fashion, music, sports, entertainment, and social
trends. It can be contrasted with "high culture," which typically refers to more
exclusive and elite forms of cultural expression, such as classical music, literature,
and fine arts.

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 Levels of pop culture

Importance of Pop culture

 Commonalities in "pop" culture bring people together with similar interests.
 Helps people from around the world visually see other cultures in action.
 "Pop" culture helps to educate the world on the similarities and differences of
other cultures.
 Through technology, people connect/keep in touch with other cultures of the
world.

II. Discussion

A. Statistical View

A statistical view of pop culture involves analyzing and interpreting data

related to various aspects of popular culture. Pop culture encompasses a wide range
of phenomena, including music, movies, television shows, fashion, social media
trends, and more. Here are some key areas that can be explored from a statistical
perspective:

1. Music Charts and Streaming Data:

 Analyzing charts such as Billboard Hot 100, Spotify, Apple Music, etc.
 Examining trends in music genres and artist popularity.
 Studying the impact of streaming services on music consumption.

2. Box Office and Film Industry:

 Box office revenue and trends in the film industry.

 Genre preferences and the success of different types of movies.
 Audience demographics for popular films.
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3. Television Ratings:

 Ratings for TV shows and streaming series.

 Viewer demographics and preferences.
 Trends in binge-watching behavior.

4. Social Media Metrics:

 Analyzing trends on platforms like Instagram, Twitter, TikTok, etc.

 Tracking hashtags, mentions, and user engagement.
 Identifying influencers and their impact on popular culture.

5. Gaming Industry Data:

 Sales and revenue in the video game industry.

 Popular game genres and platforms.
 Esports viewership and participation.

6. Fashion and Trends:

 Sales and market data for fashion and apparel.

 Influencer collaborations and their impact on fashion trends.
 Consumer preferences in terms of style and brand loyalty.

7. Celebrity Influence:

 Social media following and engagement of celebrities.

 Endorsements and brand partnerships.
 Influence on public opinion and social issues.

8. Internet Memes and Viral Content:

 Tracking the spread of internet memes.

 Analyzing virality and the factors that contribute to it.
 Understanding the life cycle of viral content.

9. Cultural Events and Festivals:

 Attendance and economic impact of events like music festivals, award

shows, etc.
 Popularity of cultural celebrations and holidays.

10. Demographic Analysis:

 Studying how different demographics engage with and influence pop culture.
 Analyzing cultural preferences based on age, gender, location, etc.

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By examining these aspects through statistical analysis, researchers and businesses
can gain insights into the dynamics of pop culture, make predictions, and understand
the evolving preferences of audiences. This information is valuable for industries
ranging from entertainment and marketing to fashion and technology.

2 Main Aspects of Statistical Perspectives of Culture

1. Concepts of a Cultural Domain

- are industries of cultural activities under appropriate heading including
informal and social activities.

Example: Cinema Statistics – attendance

Home Movie Production and Viewing - often used.

2. Creative-Cultural Debate
- are industries of cultural activities under debate because creative activities
usually cover a broader scope than traditional artistic domains with the
inclusion. Design and advertising as a separate domain.

Example: ICT Industries Research and Development

B. Elitist Views

Elitist Views

"Pop culture elitism" refers to the attitude or belief that certain forms of
popular culture are superior or more valuable than others, and that individuals who
appreciate or engage with these "higher" forms are somehow more cultured or
sophisticated. This perspective often involves dismissing or looking down upon
mainstream or widely popular forms of entertainment in favor of more niche or
obscure cultural products. Here are some key points associated with pop culture
elitist views:

1. Preference for Niche or Obscure Art: Pop culture elitists may prefer art,
music, films, or literature that is considered avant-garde, experimental, or
less mainstream. They may see value in uniqueness and originality, often
rejecting more mainstream and commercially successful works.
2. Disdain for Mainstream Popularity: Elitists may dismiss widely popular and
commercially successful works as superficial or pandering to mass
audiences. They may view the popularity of certain cultural products as a
sign of mediocrity rather than quality.

2. Cultural Snobbery: Pop culture elitists may display a sense of cultural

snobbery, believing that their taste is more refined or sophisticated than that
of the general public. This can lead to a dismissive attitude towards those
who enjoy mainstream or popular culture.
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 3. Gatekeeping: Elitists may engage in gatekeeping behaviors, setting up barriers
for entry into certain cultural circles. They might view themselves as the
arbiters of what is culturally valuable and exclude those who don't share their
tastes.

4. Preference for High Art and Intellectualism: Pop culture elitists may gravitate
towards forms of art that are considered highbrow or intellectually
challenging. They may value complexity, symbolism, and depth in cultural
products.

5. Critique of Commercialism: Elitists often criticize the commercial nature of

mainstream pop culture, arguing that mass-market appeal compromises
artistic integrity. They may favor independent or non-commercial works as
purer expressions of art.

6. Historical or Cultural Context: Pop culture elitists may appreciate works that
are deeply rooted in historical or cultural contexts, valuing art that reflects a
deeper understanding of societal issues or philosophical concepts.

It's important to note that these views are not universally held, and many people
appreciate a wide range of cultural products without adhering to a strict elitist
perspective. Additionally, preferences for certain forms of culture are highly
subjective, and what one person considers "high art" may not resonate with
another. Balancing an appreciation for both mainstream and niche cultural
expressions can lead to a more inclusive and diverse perspective on the richness of
human creativity.

C. Political Views
This are social conservative beliefs that the government has a role of
encouraging and enforcing what they consider traditional values or behavior.

Pop culture is diverse and can encompass a wide range of perspectives. Pop culture
is shaped by various factors, including the views and opinions of individuals within
society, as well as influencers, artists, and creators who contribute to it.

Political views within pop culture can vary widely, as individuals involved in the
creation of pop culture content may hold different beliefs and ideologies. Additionally,
pop culture often reflects and responds to societal changes, so it can be dynamic and
evolve over time.

To understand the current pop culture political views, it would be helpful to explore
recent media, entertainment, and social media content, paying attention to the
themes, messages, and perspectives being portrayed. Keep in mind that pop culture
is not monolithic, and there is a broad spectrum of political opinions within it.
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4 Common Political Views:

1. Left-Right Analysis

Left-right analysis is a way of categorizing political ideologies and positions on a

spectrum based on the traditional seating arrangement in legislative bodies. The
terms "left" and "right" originated during the French Revolution in the late 18th
century when supporters of the monarchy sat on the right side of the assembly, while
supporters of the revolution and republic sat on the left.

In contemporary political discourse, the left-right spectrum is often used to describe

the general ideological positioning of political parties, movements, or individuals.
Here are some general characteristics associated with the left and right ends of the
spectrum:

Left:

1. Social Equality: Left-leaning ideologies often emphasize social equality and

may advocate for policies that address economic inequality, social justice,
and minority rights.
2. Government Intervention: Left-wing politics may support a more active role
for the government in regulating the economy and providing social services.
3. Progressive Social Policies: Left-leaning individuals and groups may be
more supportive of progressive social policies, such as LGBTQ+ rights,
environmental protection, and multiculturalism.

Right:

4. Individual Liberty: Right-leaning ideologies often prioritize individual liberty

and limited government intervention in the economy.
5. Free Market: Right-wing politics may advocate for free-market principles
and reduced government regulation of businesses.
6. Traditional Values: Right-leaning individuals and groups may emphasize
traditional social values, such as family values, religious beliefs, and national
identity.

It's important to note that this left-right spectrum is a simplification, and there is a
wide range of political ideologies and positions that may not neatly fit into this binary
framework. Additionally, political landscapes can vary significantly between countries,
and the terms "left" and "right" can take on different meanings in different cultural and
historical contexts. Some political analysts argue for more nuanced models that
consider multiple dimensions of political ideology beyond just left and right..

2. Liberalism

Liberalism, as a political philosophy, encompasses a range of ideas and values

related to individual liberty, equality, and the protection of civil rights. In the context of
pop culture, liberal political views are often expressed and reflected in various forms
of media, entertainment, and artistic expression. It's important to note that pop
culture is diverse, and not all expressions within it align with a singular political
ideology. Here are some ways in which liberal political views may be represented in
pop culture:
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1. Inclusive Storytelling: Pop culture often embraces stories that highlight

diversity and inclusion. This can be seen in the representation of characters
from different backgrounds, ethnicities, genders, and sexual orientations.
Shows, movies, and music that promote inclusivity align with liberal values
of equal rights and social justice.

2. Advocacy for Social Issues: Pop culture figures, such as actors, musicians,
and influencers, may use their platforms to advocate for various social
issues. This can include campaigns for gender equality, LGBTQ+ rights,
environmental sustainability, and other causes associated with liberal
values.

3. Satire and Commentary: Comedy and satire in pop culture often address
political and social issues. Satirical shows, cartoons, and late-night comedy
may critique conservative policies or social norms and promote liberal
perspectives on issues like healthcare, immigration, and income inequality.

4. Celebration of Cultural and Artistic Freedom: Liberal values often emphasize

the importance of artistic expression and cultural freedom. Pop culture works
that challenge societal norms, question authority, and push boundaries may
be seen as expressions of liberal values.

5. Environmental Themes: Pop culture may incorporate themes related to

environmental conservation and sustainability, aligning with liberal views on
climate change and environmental protection.

It's crucial to recognize that pop culture is vast and multifaceted, and not all
expressions within it can be neatly categorized as liberal or conservative. Moreover,
the portrayal of political views can vary across different genres, mediums, and
creators. Individuals within the pop culture sphere may hold diverse political opinions,
and the content they produce may reflect a range of perspectives. As societal views
evolve, so too does the representation of political ideologies in pop culture.

3. Convervatism

Conservative political views are occasionally reflected in pop culture through various
forms of media, entertainment, and artistic expression. Here are some ways in which
conservative perspectives may manifest in pop culture:

1. Traditional Values in Family Sitcoms: Some television sitcoms portray

traditional family values, with storylines emphasizing the importance of
family, marriage, and moral values. Characters in these shows may navigate
situations that reflect conservative views on social issues.

2. Patriotic Themes in Film: Certain films celebrate patriotism and national

pride, often portraying characters who embody traditional values and a love
for their country. War movies, historical dramas, and films that highlight
American ideals may resonate with conservative audiences.

3. Military and Law Enforcement Portrayals: Pop culture, particularly television

shows and movies, sometimes portrays military and law enforcement
personnel in a positive light. This can align with conservative values that
emphasize the importance of a strong defense and law and order.
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4. Religious Storylines: Pop culture often explores religious themes, and some
works may include storylines that resonate with conservative beliefs and
values associated with faith and spirituality.

5. Pro-Life Messaging: Certain films and TV shows may address pro-life

themes or present characters grappling with issues related to abortion,
reflecting conservative views on the sanctity of life.

6. Critique of Political Correctness: Some comedians and satirists in pop

culture create content that critiques political correctness and challenges
liberal social norms. This type of satire may align with conservative
perspectives on free speech and cultural dynamics.

7. Celebration of Entrepreneurship: Pop culture occasionally celebrates

individual success stories, entrepreneurship, and self-reliance, reflecting
conservative values that emphasize individual freedom and limited
government intervention.

It's important to note that pop culture is diverse, and not all expressions within it align
with a singular political ideology. Additionally, the entertainment industry includes a
mix of perspectives, and creators may infuse their work with a variety of political and
social beliefs. While certain themes may resonate with conservative views, the
overall landscape of pop culture is characterized by its richness and the inclusion of a
wide range of perspectives.

4. Libertarianism and Populism

Libertarianism and populism are distinct political ideologies that can

sometimes be represented in pop culture, each with its own set of values and
perspectives. Here's how they might be reflected:

Libertarianism in Pop Culture:

1. Individual Freedom and Liberty: Libertarian values often emphasize

individual freedom, autonomy, and limited government intervention. Pop
culture representations may include stories that highlight characters resisting
oppressive government forces or advocating for personal liberty.

2. Anti-Authoritarian Themes: Libertarianism often opposes excessive

government authority. Pop culture works, such as dystopian novels or films,
may explore themes of resistance against authoritarian regimes, reflecting
libertarian concerns about the abuse of power.

3. Entrepreneurial Success Stories: Pop culture may celebrate entrepreneurial

success stories and individual achievements. This aligns with libertarian
values that emphasize free-market principles and self-reliance.

4. Tech and Cyberpunk Genres: Certain genres in pop culture, like cyberpunk,
may align with libertarian views on technology, privacy, and individual
autonomy. These works often explore the relationship between individuals
and powerful institutions, including governments.
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Populism in Pop Culture:

1. Representation of the Common People: Populist movements often champion

the interests and concerns of the ordinary people. Pop culture may include
narratives that focus on the struggles and triumphs of the working class or
depict populist leaders who fight against established elites.

2. Anti-Establishment Themes: Populist sentiments often involve a distrust of

established institutions. Pop culture works may feature characters challenging
the status quo, confronting corruption, and advocating for the needs of
everyday citizens.

3. Political Satire: Populist themes can be satirized in comedic works that

critique the political establishment. Satirical shows, cartoons, or movies may
poke fun at the perceived disconnect between political elites and the general
population.

4. Social Justice Storylines: Some pop culture representations may align with
populist values by addressing social justice issues, advocating for equality,
and highlighting the concerns of marginalized communities.

5. Nationalism and Patriotism: Populism often includes a sense of national

identity. Pop culture may incorporate themes of nationalism and patriotism,
celebrating the spirit of the people and their connection to the nation.

It's essential to recognize that pop culture is diverse, and not all expressions within it
neatly fit into specific political categories. Moreover, the representation of political
ideologies in pop culture can vary based on the individual perspectives of creators,
writers, and artists. As societal views and political landscapes evolve, so too does the
reflection of these ideologies in popular media and entertainment.

D. Types of Popular Culture

Popular culture encompasses a wide range of forms and expressions
that are prevalent and widely accepted within a society. Here are
some types of popular culture:

1. Music: Popular music, spanning various genres such as pop,

rock, hip-hop, country, and electronic, plays a significant role in
shaping cultural trends and influencing societal tastes.

2. Movies: Mainstream films, including Hollywood blockbusters,

independent films, and international cinema, contribute to
popular culture by reflecting and shaping societal values and
entertainment preferences.

3. Television: TV shows, both scripted and reality-based, have a

profound impact on popular culture. They often influence
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fashion, language, and social norms while providing
entertainment and shaping public discourse.

4. Literature: Bestselling books, novels, and literature that capture

the public's imagination contribute to popular culture. This
includes fiction, non-fiction, and genres such as science fiction
and fantasy.

5. Fashion: Trends in clothing, accessories, and personal style

contribute to the ever-evolving landscape of popular culture.
Fashion is often influenced by celebrities, designers, and
subcultures.

6. Art and Visual Arts: Paintings, drawings, sculptures, and other

visual arts contribute to popular culture by reflecting artistic
movements, individual expression, and societal values.

7. Internet Culture: Memes, viral content, social media trends, and

online communities are significant aspects of contemporary
popular culture. Internet culture evolves rapidly and has a
global impact.

8. Gaming: Video games, board games, and online gaming

communities are an integral part of popular culture, attracting a
diverse audience and influencing other media forms.

9. Sports: Major sports events, athletes, and sports-related

content contribute to popular culture, shaping the way people
socialize and consume entertainment.

10. Celebrities and Entertainment News: Celebrity culture and

entertainment news play a crucial role in shaping popular
culture, influencing trends, and providing a window into the
lives of public figures.

11. Food and Culinary Trends: Food trends, cooking shows, and
culinary innovations contribute to popular culture, reflecting
changing tastes, lifestyles, and cultural influences.

12. Comics and Graphic Novels: Comic books and graphic novels,
often adapted into movies and TV shows, are a significant part
of popular culture, influencing storytelling and visual aesthetics.
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 13. Dance and Performing Arts: Dance styles, theatrical
performances, and other forms of performing arts contribute to
popular culture by influencing entertainment, expression, and
social activities.

14. Technology Trends: Advancements in technology, including

gadgets, apps, and emerging tech trends, influence popular
culture by shaping the way people communicate, consume
media, and interact with the world.

These types of popular culture are interconnected, and they evolve

over time, reflecting the dynamic nature of societies and the
influences that shape them.
Activity 1. Cross word Puzzle

ACROSS
1. refers to the set of ideas, practices, images, objects, and phenomena
that are prevalent and widespread within a given society at a specific
point in time.

2. involves analyzing and interpreting data related to various aspects of

popular culture
 12
DOWN
3. This are social conservative beliefs that the government has a role of
encouraging and enforcing what they consider traditional values or behavior.

4. " refers to the attitude or belief that certain forms of popular culture are
superior or more valuable than others, and that individuals who appreciate
or engage with these "higher" forms are somehow more cultured or
sophisticated.

5. are industries of cultural activities under debate because creative activities

usually cover a broader scope than traditional artistic domains with the
inclusion.

Activity 2. Jumbled Letters

1. ICSUM-

2. NOISIVELET-

3. OVIESM-

4. TROSPS-

5. AMNGIG-
 13

V.Summary/ Terms to remember

Popular culture, often known as pop culture, encompasses the widely
embraced ideas, trends, and phenomena within a society at a given time. It
includes elements such as media, entertainment, fashion, sports, technology,
language, and celebrity influence. Pop culture is dynamic, constantly evolving,
and reflects the preferences and interests of the general public. It contrasts with
high culture and is characterized by its accessibility and widespread appeal. Key
aspects to remember include its influence on language, the role of media and
technology, the impact of celebrities, and the constant evolution of trends and
expressions that shape the cultural landscape.
The three different views are Statistical views that involves analyzing and
interpreting data related to various aspects of popular culture. Second is Elitist views
this perspective often involves dismissing or looking down upon mainstream or
widely popular forms of entertainment in favor of more niche or obscure cultural
products. Political View are social conservative beliefs that the government has a
role of encouraging and enforcing what they consider traditional values or behavior.
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v. Quiz & Assignment
Create a Poster- making about Popular Culture and write a short description in a
short coupon bond.

RUBRIC
CREATIVITY- 20%
ORIGINALITY-10%
READABILITY, GRAMMAR AND SPELLING-15%
NEATNESS-5%
TOTAL= 50 %

Quiz
I. Identification
Direction: identify what is being ask in the following questions

_____1.Determined by the interactions between people in their everyday activities:

styles of dress, the use of slang, greeting rituals and the foods that people eat.
___ 2. It should be regarded as the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual
and emotional features of society or social group, and that it encompasses to art and
literature, lifestyles, ways of living together, values systems, traditions and beliefs.
___ 3.This are social conservative beliefs that the government has a role of
encouraging and enforcing what they consider traditional values or behavior.
_____4. The holding of political views that favor free enterprise, private ownership
and socially conservative ideas.
___ 5. Political approach for individual freedom and appeal to ordinary people as
disregarded by elite groups.

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