Problem 1.

A baton twirler is taking a space walk and holds her baton at the "ready"
position in front of her. The baton resembles a uniform thin rod with a
mass of .2 kg and a length of 1m. The twirler herself also resembles a
uniform thin rod with a mass of 45 kg and a length of 1.5m. from her point
of view, she begins twirling the baton (about its center) at 135 RPM in the
clockwise direction. What happens to the twirler? be as specific as
possible.

Solution 1: -
Given,
Mass of baton m=0.2kg
Length of baton l=1m
Mass of twirler M=45kg
Length of twirler L =1.5m

The moment of inertia of twirl and twirler can be calculated as

1 2
I 1= ml
12
Put 0.2kg for mass m and 1m for length l, and solving for moment of inertia
1 2
I 1= ×0.2 ×1
12
2
I 1=0.0167 kg m
For twirler,
1 2
I 2= M L
12
put the 45 kg for mass M and 1.5m for length L, and solving for the moment of inertia
1 2
I 2= ×45 × 1.5
12
2
I 2=8.4375 kg m
According to angular momentum conservation,
∑ Li =∑ Lf
0=I 1 ω1 + I 2 ω2
Substitute the numerical values,
0=0.0167 ×135 RPM + 8.4375 ω2
ω 2=−0.267 RPM
Thus, twirler rotates by 0.267RPM in counterclockwise direction.
 Problem 2.
Suppose you touched a pith ball suspended from an insulating string to a
charged Teflon rod. You then made a second pith ball touch the first one
with no other objects near by. You then put the top of the strings next to
each other. The two pith balls would be separated by 2 cm. The mass of
each pith ball is 0.1 g and the length of each of the string is 20 cm. (ignore
the mass of the strings) What is the magnitude is the electrostatic force
on one of the pith balls?
Solution 2: -
Given,
The mass of the ball m=0.1g
The separation distance between the balls d=2cm
The length of the string L=20cm
The free body diagram can be drawn as

From the diagram,

The angle is calculated as
1 cm
cosθ=
20 cm
cosθ=0.05
θ=arccos(0.05)
0
θ=87.13
Applying Newton’s second law in vertical direction,
∑ F v =0
T y −mg=0
Tsinθ=mg
mg
T= … …(1)
sinθ
Applying Newton’s second law in horizontal direction,
∑ F x =0
T x −F=0
Tcosθ=F
From the equation (1), tension force can be substitute as
mgcosθ
=F
sinθ
Substitute the numerical values, and solve for force F
−3 m 0
0.1× 10 kg × 9.81 2 × cos ⁡( 87.13 )
s
F=
sin ⁡¿ ¿
−3
F=0.0492 ×10 N
−5
F=4.9 × 10 N
Thus, the magnitude of the electrostatics force on the ball is F=4.9 × 10−5 N

Problem 3.

Solution 3: -
Given,
 kg
The density of object ρ0 =455 3
m
The volume of object V =3.5 m3
kg
The density of liquid methane ρm =657 3
m
kg
The density of atmosphere ρa =178 3
m
Let assume there is some part of the object is submerged in the liquid methane, and weight
of the object is balanced by the buoyant force.

In equilibrium condition,
F=W
'
ρm V g+ ρa (V −V ¿ ¿' )g=ρ0 Vg ¿
'
ρm V + ρa (V −V ¿¿ ' )=ρ0 V ¿
( ρ¿ ¿ 0−ρ a)
V '= V¿
ρm −ρa
Substitute the numerical values, and solve for submerge volume,
V '=¿ ¿
' 3
V =2.0 m

The volume of the object which is submerged is 2.0 m3.

Problem 4.
Solution 4: -
Determine,
The current in the 1.4 Ω resistor.
There are three branches,
The equivalent resistance for upper branch is calculated as
Both 7.1 Ω resistors are in parallel connection hence their equivalent resistance will be
7.1
R 1= Ω=3.55 Ω
2
This resistance is in series with 3.0 Ω hence total resistance of upper branch is
Ru=3.0+3.55=6.55 Ω
For middle branch,
The resistors 4.1 Ω and 11Ω are in parallel connection, their equivalent resistance is
calculated as
4.1 Ω∗11.0 Ω
R 2= =2.99 Ω
4.1 Ω+11.0 Ω
And this resistor is in series with 1.4 Ω, Thus total resistance of the middle branch is
calculated as
Rm =1.4+2.99=4.4 Ω
Upper branch and middle branch are in parallel connection hence their equivalent
resistance is calculated as
R m∗Rl
Rmu=
Rm + R l
6.55∗4.4
Rmu= Ω=2.6 Ω
6.55+ 4.4
Thus, total resistance of the circuit is calculated as
 R=3.0 Ω+ 2.6 Ω=5.6 Ω
The current from the battery is obtained as,
According to Ohm’s law
V =IR
V
I=
R
Substitute the obtained values,
9.00
I=
5.6
I =3.46 A
From the current distribution law,
The current in the middle branch can be calculated as
Ru
I m= I
Ru + Rm
6.55
I m= ∗3.46 A
6.55+4.4
I m=2.0 A
Thus, current through the resistor 1.4 Ω is 2.0 A

Problem 5.

A person sees a girl in his car’s rear-view convex mirror which has a
radius of curvature equal to 2.00 m. The girl is 5.00 m from the mirror
and is approaching at 3.50 m/s. How fast is the image of the girl moving
relative to the mirror?

Solution 5: -
Given,
The radius of curvature of convex mirror R=2.00 m
The distance of girl from the mirror s=−5.00 m
The speed of girl v=3.50 m/s
The focal length of the convex mirror is obtained as
R
f=
2
2.00 m
f=
2
f =1.00 m
From the mirror equation,
1 1 1
= +
f s s'
 1 1 1
= −
s f s
'

' sf
s= … …. (1)
s−f
When girl is at 5.00m, the image of her is calculated as
' −5.00 m∗1.00 m
s=
−5.00 m−1.00 m
'
s =0.833 m
When girl moves 3.50 m in one second toward to mirror then her distance from the mirror
is (5.00-3.50=1.50m)
From the equation (1), the image will be obtained as
' −1.50 m∗1.00 m
s=
−1.50−1.00
'
s =0.6 m
The speed of the image is calculated as
0.833−0.6
u=
1
m
u=0.233
s
Thus, speed of the image with respect to mirror is 0.233m/s.