ASSIGNMENT PROJECT: CGE 650
DYNAMIC MODEL
PREPARED FOR:
DR. ABD AL-SALAM ABDUH SAEED ALI AL-MASGARI
GROUP MEMBER:
NO NAME MATRIC NUMBER
1 AIMAN FAHMI BIN MOHD ZUL 2020853416
2 RONALDO BASIK ANAK IGNATIUS STOPER 2020608796
3 HASIF AIMAN BIN TUAH 2021117541
4 IQBAL BIN HISSAMUDDIN 2020878286
5 JAY JACKRESON BIN JOSRIN 2020828692
6 NUR HANISAH BINTI MOHAMAD NIZAM 2020828822
FEBRUARY 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 4
FLUID MODEL......................................................................................................................... 5
ROCK PHYSICS FUNCTIONS................................................................................................ 9
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 12
APPENDIX .............................................................................................................................. 13
TASK
1. Develop a dynamic simulation model based on the input data such as rock and fluid
properties. The process has to include the model setup, initialization, scale up and flow
simulation.
2. Propose a base case for future development strategy of the oil field by analysing the field
performance and considering the number of wells, well location and production rates.
INTRODUCTION
In the oil and gas industry, reservoir models typically fall into two categories which is
static models and dynamic models. While static models provide a snapshot of the reservoir's
characteristics at a particular point in time, dynamic models focus on simulating fluid flow and
pressure changes in the reservoir over time [1]. These models are built upon static models but
also incorporate data from production history, well tests, formation tests, and fluid samples. By
integrating dynamic data with static data, the quality of reservoir models is improved, providing
engineers with a more reliable basis for reservoir simulation and management. Dynamic
models play a crucial role in representing the expected production curve of a reservoir given a
specific well pattern, and they are used to forecast reservoir performance and recovery under
various development and management strategies, such as well placement, completion,
injection, and artificial lift [2]. As a result, dynamic models enable more realistic economic
evaluations. Consequently, this project will focus on constructing the dynamic model by
following some of the workflow as shown Figure 1 below.
Figure 1 Dynamic Reservoir Modelling Workflow [3]
According to the Figure 1 the workflow commences with data collection, which in this
project involves obtaining information from Mustafa Ahmed, a Petroleum Engineer from Iran,
Bagdad. Specifically, the data pertains to the Burzurgan oil field in Iraq. It is important to note
that this field exclusively produces oil, as the reservoir operates above the bubble point
pressure. This project using petrel 2019 to create the dynamic model.
FLUID MODEL
The dynamic model starting by creating the fluid model. Thus, in petrel 2019 version, follow
these steps.
1. Click on "Fluid Model" in the Reservoir Engineering section.
2. A window will pop up where you can select the type of model you want to create.
3. Choose the appropriate model based on your reservoir properties. Options include dry
gas, dead oil, heavy oil and gas, or light oil and gas.
4. Select the model as "Black Oil" and specify the type as "Light Oil and Gas" for our
example.
Table 1 Initial Condition of Burzurgan field
Pressure (kg/cm2) 440
Maximum pressure (kg/cm2) 441
Minimum pressure (kg/cm2) 80
Pressure reference (kg/cm2) 440
GOC and datum (m) -3000
WOC (m) -3875
C 1/bar 0.00000697
Temperature (⁰C) 112
Gas API gravity 0.75
Oil API gravity 21.6
Bubble point pressure (kg/cm2) 138.5
Figure 2 Fluid Model Tab
Figure 2 depicted the fluid model tab. In this tab, the data is inserted accordingly where
in this model, the filed is oil and water phases. Since field is producing above the bubble point
pressure, the gas phase is not selected. In the “Make Fluid Model” tab, for the reservoir
condition, such as maximum pressure and minimum pressure, the data applied according to
Table 1. For “Create tables from correlations”, it is assumed to implement Standing (1947)
correlation, thus the Petrel will calculate the parameter such as solution gas/oil ration,
formation volume factor, density, and stock tank viscosity according to the correlation selected.
After inserting all the parameter, at the input tab, the fluid model appearance as shown in
Figure 3.
Figure 3 Fluid Model Created
Figure 4 Oil Properties
Based on Figure 4, it illustrates the oil properties in “Function window”. The properties
include oil formation volume factor, oil viscosity, and solution gas-oil ratio (GOR) versus
pressure. According to [4], oil formation volume factor, often denoted as Bo, represents the
change in volume of oil when it is brought from reservoir conditions to surface conditions. It
is defined as the ratio of the volume of oil at reservoir conditions (typically in the reservoir) to
the volume of oil at surface conditions (typically at atmospheric pressure and temperature).
The FVF is affected by factors such as oil composition, temperature, and pressure. As reservoir
pressure decreases, the FVF generally increases due to the expansion of the oil. In other hand,
oil viscosity defined as how easily oil flows. When pressure drops underground, oil becomes
less thick and flows more easily. Meanwhile, GOR is a measure how much gas is mixed with
oil in the reservoir. As pressure drops, more gas comes out of the oil and separates, thus the
GOR increase until the bubble point pressure as depicted in Figure 5 below.
Figure 5 Gas-Oil Ratio (GOR) Plot
ROCK PHYSICS FUNCTIONS
Rock Physic function includes saturation, compaction, adoption, and J-function
parameters. The Burzurgan oil field have the formation type of shaly sand, thus in rock
physic function tab at “use preset” insert the formation accordingly.
Table 2 Permeability and Saturation Lab Data
Sw krw kro
0.25 0.00054 1
0.3 0.00163 1
0.35 0.00413 0.97
0.4 0.00925 0.8
0.45 0.01883 0.63
0.5 0.03556 0.48
0.55 0.06319 0.36
0.6 0.10681 0.25
0.65 0.17312 0.16
0.7 0.27081 0.1
0.75 0.41046 0.05
0.8 0.60586 0.02
Figure 6 Oil-Water Relative Permeability Plot
Table 3 Capillary Pressure Data Calculated
Sw Capillary Pressure, Pc
0.2 8.04588
0.25 4.93145
0.3 3.3044
0.35 2.35547
0.4 1.75682
0.45 1.35643
0.5 1.07625
0.55 0.87001
0.6 0.72116
0.65 0.60491
0.7 0.51406
0.75 0.44179
0.8 0.38341
0.85 0.33562
0.9 0.29603
Figure 7 Water-Oil Capillary Pressure
Figure 8 Nate beruk
REFERENCES
[1] Cunha, L. B. (2004, March 1). Integrating static and dynamic data for oil and Gas
Reservoir modelling. OnePetro. https://doi.org/10.2118/04-03-TN
[2] Mohamed, O., Shamsa, A., Singh, V. K., Merlin Lukose, P. Eng., Walser, D.,
Kovács, S. I. L., & Ali, S. (2024, January 26). What is the difference between
static and Dynamic Reservoir Models. Static vs Dynamic Reservoir Models: A Guide.
https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/what-difference-between-static-dynamic-reservoir-
models-
elk0e#:~:text=Dynamic%20reservoir%20models%20are%20mathematical,formation%
20tests%2C%20and%20fluid%20samples.
[3] Habib, M., Guangqing, Y., Xie, C., Charles, S. P., Jakada, H., Danlami, M. S., Ahmed,
H. A., & Omeiza, I. A. (2016, May 10). Optimizing oil and gas field management
through a Fractal Reservoir Study Model - Journal of Petroleum Exploration and
Production Technology. SpringerLink.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13202-016-0252-
8?error=cookies_not_supported&code=843b1180-4508-4a29-bdfd-2d1e7625a38f
[4] Ahmed, T. (2001). Reservoir Engineering Handbook 2nd Edition- Chapter 2 Fluid
Properties.
https://edisciplinas.usp.br/mod/resource/view.php?id=1019707&forceview=1
APPENDIX
