Level 1 dy

1.4 Derivative of trignometric functions, find

dx
1.1 Find first derivative of dependent variable dy
w.r.t independent variable using power rule. 1. = − 10 − 3 sin x
dx
dy dy 3
1. = 2x + 1 2. = − 2 + 5 cos x
dx dx x
dy 7 dy 2
2. = 15 x 2 − 6 − 2 3. = − cosec x cot x −
dx x dx x
ds
3. = 4t 2 − 100t9 + 9 4.
dy
= 2 x − sec x tan x + 1
dt dx
dr 12 12 4
4. =− 2 + 4 − 5 dy
dθ θ θ θ 5. = sec 2 x
dx
dy 4 −3 / 2
5. = + 2x +5 dy  1 
dx x 6. = 4  x cos x + sin x 
dx  2 x 
dy 3 6
6. = x + 6 x −2 / 3 + 3
dx 2 x dy (1 + sin x )(− sin x ) − (cos x )(cos x ) −1
7. = =
dx (1 + sin x )2 1 + sin x
1.2 Find derivative of functions using the
product rule. dy
8. = 4 sec x tan x − cosec 2 x
1. y = (3 − x 2 )(x 3 − x + 1) dx
dy
dy
= (3 − x 2 )(3 x 2 − 1) + (x 3 − x + 1)(−2 x ) 9. = x 3 sec 2 x + 3 x 2 tan x
dx dx
= − 5 x 4 + 12 x 2 − 2 x − 3 10.
dy
= (x 2 cos x + 2 x sin x ) + [2(x (− sin x )) + (cos x )(1)]
 1 dx
2. y = (x 2 + 1)  x + 5 +  − 2 cos x
 x
= x cos x
2
dy  1  1
= (x 2 + 1) 1 − 2  + 2 x  x + 5 + 
dx  x   x 11. y = sec 2 x − tan2 x = 1
1 dy
= 3 x 2 + 10 x + 2 − 2 =0
x dx
dy  2 1   2 dy − x sin x − cos x cos x + x sin x
3. =  x + 2  (30 x ) + (5 x 6 + 3) 2 x − 3 
5
12. = +
dx  x   x  dx x2 cos 2 x
6
= 40 x 7 + 20 x 3 + 6 x − 3
x 1.5 Derivative of Exponential and
Logarithmic Function
1.3 Find the derivative of functions using
quotient rule. dy 1
1. = + ex
dx x
dy (3 x − 2)(2) − (2 x + 5)(3) −19
1. = = dy  1
dx (3 x − 2) 2
(3 x − 2)2 2. = e x   + e x ln x
dx  x
dz (x 2 − 1)(2) − (2 x + 1)(2 x ) −2(x 2 + x + 1)
2. = = dy  1
dx (x 2 − 1)2 (x 2 − 1)2 3. = x 2   + 2 x ln x = x (1 + 2 ln x )
dx  x
(x + 0.5)(2 x ) − (x 2 − 4)(1) x2 + x + 4
3. g ′ (x ) = = dy
(x + 0.5)2 (x + 0.5)2 4. = e x sec 2 x + e x tan x
dx
(t 2 + t − 2)(2t) − (t 2 − 1)(2t + 1) t 2 − 2t + 1
4. f ′ (t) = = dy
(t 2 + t − 2)2 (t 2 + t − 2)2 5. = (x 2 e x + 2 xe x ) + 5 e x + 6 = e x (x 2 + 2 x + 5) + 6
dx
  1  1 dy   x    1   x    1
x   − (ln x )(1) ln x − x   15. = 2 cos      − 4  − sin     
dy  x  x dx   2    2   2    2
6. = +
dx x2 ln2 x  x  x
= cos   + 2 sin  
1 − ln x ln x − 1  2  2
= + 2
x2 ln x dy
16. = 7 e 3 x (3) − 5 e −2 x (−2) + 6 e x
1  dx
(tan x )  + e x  − (ln x + e x ) sec 2 x
dy x  = 21 e 3 x + 10 e −2 x + 6 e x
7. =
dx tan2 x  3
sin  
dy  1   x   3    −3  e −1
17. =e x
  +e  cos     2  + ex
dy dx 2 x   x  x
1.6 Using Chain Rule, find as a function of x.
dx 18. y = sin sin sin x
dy dy
1. = − (sin 5 x )(5) = − 5 sin 5 x = cos (sin sin x ) × cos (sin x ) × cos x
dx dx
dy ex
2. = (2 cos (ωx + φ))(ω) = 2ω cos (ωx + φ) 19. y = e e
dx
dy ex x
dy = ee × ee × ex
3. = 9(4 − 3 x )8 (−3) = − 27(4 − 3 x )8
dx dx
dy 1 cos (ln x ) cos (ln x ) 20. y = 7 ln2 (sec 2 x )
4. = cos x + = cot x +
dx sin x x x dy 1
= (7)(2 ln (sec 2 x )) (sec 2 x tan 2 x )(2)
dy 1 5 dx sec 2 x
5. = (5) =
dx 2 5 x + 3 2 5x + 3 = 28 tan 2 x ln (sec 2 x )
dy 2
6. = 2 e x (2 x ) + (x 2 e x + 2 xe x ) + 4 x 1.7 Value of derivatives at a point
dx
d
dy 1  1  1. (uv) = u(x ) v ′ (x ) + v(x ) u ′ (x )
7. = (sec 2 x )   dx
dx 2 tan x 2 x 
At x = 0
dy  1 2 d
8. = (− sin 2 x )(2) +  2  (2 x ) = − 2 sin 2 x + (uv) = u(0) v ′ (0) + v(0) u ′ (0)
dx  x  x dx
dy = 5(2) + (−1)(−3) = 13
9. = 3 sin2 x cos x + (cos 3 x )(3) d  u  v(x ) u ′ (x ) − v ′ (x ) u(x )
dx 2.  =
dy dx  v  v 2 (x )
10. = [2 cos (x 2 + 1)][− sin (x 2 + 1)](2 x )
dx At x = 0
= − 2 x sin 2(x + 1)
2 d  u  v(0) u ′ (0) − u(0)v ′ (0) (−1)(−3) − 5(2)
 = = = −7
dx  v  v 2 (0) (−1)2
dy  −1 
11. = x   (x 2 + 1)−3 / 2 (2 x ) + (x 2 + 1)−1 / 2
dx  2 d  v  u(x ) v ′ (x ) − v(x ) u ′ (x )
3.  =
= − x 2 (x 2 + 1)−3 / 2 + (x 2 + 1)−1 / 2 = (x 2 + 1)−3 / 2 dx  u u 2 (x )
dy At x = 0
12. = 2(2 tan x sec 2 x ) + 2 [x (sec 2 2 x )(2) + tan 2x ] d  v  u(0) v ′ (0) − v(0) u ′ (0)
dx  =
= 4 tan x sec 2 x + 4 x sec 2 2 x + 2 tan 2 x dx  u  u 2 (0)
5(2) − (−1)(−3) 7
( x 2 + 4 )(1) −
x
(2 x ) = =
52 25
dy 2 x2 + 4 4
13. = = d dv du
dx x +42
(x + 4)3 / 2
2 4. (7 v − 2u) = 7 −2 = 7 v ′ (x ) − 2u ′ (x )
dx dx dx
dy 1  1  At x = 0
14. = (2) +  x 2   (2) + 2 x ln 2 x 
dx 2 x + 3   2x   d
(7 v − 2u) = 7 v ′ (0) − 2u ′ (0)
2 dx
= + x + 2 x ln 2 x = 7(2) − 2(−3) = 20
2x + 3
1.8 Derivative of implicit functions, 1
(b) A = xy
1. (x + y) = 4
2 2
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. t
x + y = ±2 dA 1 dy 1 dx
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, = x + y
dt 2 dt 2 dt
dy
1+ =0 1 1
= × 12 × (−4.8) + × 5 × 2
dx 2 2
dy = − 23.8 m / s
2
⇒ = −1
dx x
(c) cos θ =
2. x 2 y + xy 2 = 6 13
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, Differentiating both sides w.r.t. t
dθ 1 dx
 2 dy   dy  − sin θ =
x + 2 xy + 2 xy + y2 = 0 dt 13 dt
 dx   dx 
dθ 1 dx 1
dy 2 xy + y 2 =− =− ×2
=− dt 13 sin θ dt 5
13  
dx 2 xy + x 2  13 
3. x 3 + y 3 = 18 xy = − 0.4 rad/ s
4
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, 4. V = πr 3
3
dy  dy 
3x 2 + 3y 2 = 18  x + y dV 4 22
dx  dx  = π (3 r 2 ) = 4 πr 2 = 4 × × 7 2 = 616
dr 3 7
dy 6 y − x 2
= 5. h =
r
dx −6 x + y 2 6
6y − x 2 1
V = πr 2h
=
y 2 − 6x 3
1
V = π(6h)2 h = 12 πh 3
1.9 Derivative as rate of change 3
Differentiating both sides w.r.t t
1. A = l 2 dV dh
= 12 π (3h 2 )
dA dl dt dt
= 2l = 2 (8 cm)(4 cm/min) = 64 cm 2 /min
2 dh
dt dt ⇒ 12 cm / s = 36 π(4)
3
dt
2. (a) V = πr 2h
dh 1
dV dh = cm/ s
= πr 2 = πr 2 (5) = 5 πr 2 dt 48π
dt dt
(b) V = πr 2h 1.10 Local maxima and minima
dV  dr  1. x = − t 2 + 4t + 4
= π 2 r  h = 10 πrh
dt  dt  dx
= − 2t + 4 = 0 ⇒ t = 2
(c) V = πr 2h dt
dV dh  dr  At t = 2
= πr 2 + π 2 r  h = 5 πr 2 + 10 πrh
dt dt  dt  xmax = − (2)2 + 4(2) + 4 = 8

3. (a) x 2 + y 2 = l 2 2. y = 2 x 3 − 15 x 2 + 36 x + 11
dy
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. time (t) = 6 x 2 − 30 x + 36 = 0
dx dy dx
2x + 2y =0 ⇒ 6(x 2 − 5 x + 6) = 0
dt dt
dy
=−
x dx ⇒ x = 2 and x = 3
dt y dt 2
d y
12 = 12 x − 30
= − (2) = − 4.8 m/ s dx 2
5
 d2y kQ(R 2 + x 2 )1 / 2
At x = 2, = 12(2) − 30 < 0 = (R 2 − 2 x 2 ) = 0
dx 2 (R 2 + x 2 )3
⇒ x = 2 is point of local maxima. ⇒ x=±
R
At x = 2, y = 2(2)3 − 15(2)2 + 36(2) + 11 = 39 2
7. Lets take side of square cut from each corner to be x.
d2y
At x = 3, = 12(3) − 30 > 0 Volume of box = (18 − 2 x )2 x
dx 2
⇒ x = 3 is point of local minima. x
At x = 3, y = 2(3) − 15(3) + 36(3) + 11 = 38
3 2

18–2x
3. y = 2 x 3 − 9 x 2 + 100
dy
= 6 x 2 − 18 x = 0 x
dx
⇒ 6 x (x − 3) = 0 x 18–2x x
⇒ x = 0 and x = 3
d2y V = (18 − 2 x )2 x
At x = 0, 2 = 12(0) − 18 < 0
dx dV
= (18 − 2 x )2 (1) + x (2)(18 − 2 x )(−2) = 0
⇒ x = 0 is point of local maxima. dx
d2y ⇒ (18 − 2 x )(18 − 6 x ) = 0
At x = 3, 2 = 12(3) − 18 > 0
dx ⇒ x =3
⇒ x = 3, is point of local minima. 8. Volume of cylinder = πr 2 2( a 2 − r 2 )
4. x + y = 60
⇒ y = 60 − x V = 2 πr 2 ( a 2 − r 2 )
Product of numbers = p = xy
r
p = x (60 − x )
To maximise p
dp
= 60 − 2 x = 0 a
dx
⇒ x = 30
So, numbers will be x = 30 and y = 30.
5. y = sin x (1 + cos x )
dy
= sin x (− sin x ) + (1 + cos x ) cos x = 0
dx
 r 2 (−2 r ) 
⇒ cos x + cos x − (1 − cos 2 x ) = 0
2 dV
= 2π  + 2r a2 − r 2  = 0
dr  
⇒ 2 cos 2 x + cos x − 1 = 0  2 a2 − r 2 
⇒ 2 cos 2 x + 2 cos x − cos x − 1 = 0 2a2
⇒ r2 =
⇒ 2 cos x (cos x + 1) − (cos x + 1) = 0 3
1 2a
⇒ cos x = − 1 and cos x = h = 2 a2 − r 2 =
2 3
2
1 d y
At cos x = , 2 > 0 1.11 Integration of elementary functions
2 dx
 x4   x2 
 1
∫ (2 x − 5 x + 7) dx = 2   − 5   + 7 x + C
3
⇒ So, at x = cos −1   , y is minimum. 1.
 2  4  2
kQx x 4 5x 2
6. E = − = + 7x + C
(R + x )
2 2 3/2 2 2
 2  1 2  x 1
3 2 2. ∫  − 3 + 2 x  dx = + 2 + x 2 + C
 (R + x ) (1) − (R + x ) (2 x )(x )
2 3/2 2 1/2
dE 2 5 x  5 x
= kQ   =0
dx  (R 2 + x 2 )3 
 
 x3/2 x4/3 1.12 Integration by substitution method
∫ ( x + x ) dx = + +C
3
3.
(3 / 2) (4 / 3)
2 3
1. ∫ sin 3x dx
= x3/2 + x4/3 + C
3 4 Let’s take t = 3 x ,
−3 −2 −3 dt
4. ∫x (x + 1) dx = ∫ (x +x ) dx ⇒
dx
=3
x −1 x −2 −1 1 1
= + +C = − +C ⇒ dt = dx
(−1) (−2) x 2x 2 3
t t + t  1
5. ∫   dt = ∫ (t
−1 / 2
+ t −3 / 2 ) dt ∫ sin 3 x dx = 3 ∫ sin t dt
t2 
1
2 = − cos t + C
=2 t − +C 3
t 1
= − cos 3 x + C
4+ t 4  3
6. ∫ dt = ∫  3 + t −5/ 2  dt
t 
∫ x cos (2 x
3 2
t 2. ) dx
2 2
= − 2 − t −3 / 2 + C Let’s take t = 2 x 2 ,
t 3
dt 1
 2  8 3/4 ⇒ = 4 x ⇒ x dx = dt
∫ 8 y − y1 / 4  dy = 4 y − +C
2 dx 4
7. y
3 1
∫ x cos (2 x ) dx = 4 ∫ cos t dt
2
 x 2  x3/2
8. ∫  2
+  dx =
x 3
+ 4 x +C 1 1
= sin t + C = sin (2 x 2 ) + C
4 4
9. ∫ (− 2 cos t) dt = − 2 sin t + C 3. ∫ sec 2t tan 2t dt
2
ex Lets take x = 2t
∫ (7 e + 4 sin x + ex ) dx = 7 e x − 4 cos x + +C
x
10.
2 dx 1
= 2 ⇒ dx = dt
1 dt 2
∫ 2 (cosec x − cosec x cot x ) dx
2
11.
1 1
1 1 2 ∫ sec x tan x dx = sec x + C
2
=− cot x + cosec x + C 1
2 2 = sec 2t + C
2
− sec 2 x tan x
12. ∫ 3 dx = − 3 + C   t  
2
t
4. ∫ 
 1 − cos  
 2   sin   dt
 2
∫ tan xdx = ∫ (sec x − 1) dx = tan x − x + C
2 2
13.
t
14. ∫ cos θ (tan θ + sec θ) dθ = ∫ (sin θ + 1) dθ Lets take x = 1 − cos  
 2
= − cos θ + θ + C
dx 1 t
 sin x + cos 2 x  2 = sin  
15. ∫ 2
dx  2
sin x cos 2 x
= ∫ 
 sin2 x cos 2 x 
 dx dt 2
t
⇒ 2 dx = sin   dt
= ∫ (sec 2 x + cosec 2 x ) dx  2
3
= tan x − cot x + C 2x 3 2  t 
2 ∫ x 2 dx = + C = 1 − cos    + C
 1  x3 3 3  2 
16. ∫  x 2 + sin x + + 3 dx = − cos x + ln x + 3 x + C
 
∫x (x 4 − 1)2 dx
x 3 3
5.
17. ∫ (4 sec x tan x − 2 sec 2 x ) dx = 4 sec x − 2 tan x + C Lets take t = x 4 − 1
18. ∫ (1 − cot 2 x ) dx = ∫ [1 − (cosec 2 x − 1)] dx dt 1
⇒ = 4 x 3 ⇒ x 3 dx = dt
dx 4
= ∫ (2 − cosec 2 x ) dx = 2x + cot x + C
 t3 (x 4 − 1)3  θ
1 2 = − 21 cos   + C
4 ∫ t dt =
12
+C =
12
+C  3

9r 2 12. ∫ sin (8 z − 5) dz
6. ∫ dr
Lets take t = 8 z − 5
1 − r3
dt
Lets take t = 1 − r 3
=8
dz
dt 1
= − 3 r 2 ⇒ r 2 dr = − dt 1
dr 3 ⇒ dz = dt
8
dt
− ∫3 = −6 t +C = −6 1 − r3 +C 1 1
t 8 ∫ sin t dt = − cos t + C
8
∫ 4 sin y dy = 2 ∫ (1 − cos 2 y) dy = 2 y − sin 2 y + C
2
7. 1
= − cos (8 z − 5) + C
8
∫ (2 x + 1) dx
3
8.
1
13. ∫ cos ( t + 3) dt
Lets take t = 2 x + 1 t
dt
=2 Lets take x = t + 3
dx
dx 1
1 =
⇒ dx = dt dt 2 t
2
dt
1 3 t4 (2 x + 1)4 ⇒ = 2 dx
2 ∫ t dt = + C =
8 8
+C t

3 2 ∫ cos x dx = 2 sin x + C = 2 sin ( t + 3) + C

9. ∫ dx
(2 − x )2 −5
14. ∫ 28(7 x − 2) dx
Lets take t = 2 − x Lets take t = 7 x − 2
dt
= −1 dt
= 7 ⇒ dx = dt
1
dx dx 7
⇒ dx = − dt
−5  1  −5 −4
dt 3
−3∫ 2 = +C =
3
+C ∫ 28 t  7  dt = 4 ∫ t dt = − t + C
t t 2−x
−1
4y = +C
10. ∫ dy (7 x − 2)4
2y 2 + 1
6 cos t
Lets take t = 2 y 2 + 1
15. ∫ (2 + sin t)3 dt
dt
=
1
(4 y ) Lets take y = 2 + sin t
dy 2 2 y 2 + 1 dy
= cos t
4 y dy dt
⇒ = 2 dt ⇒ cos t dt = dy
2y 2 + 1 6 dy 3 −3
⇒ ∫ 3 = − 2 +C = +C
∫ 2 dt = 2t + C = 2 2y 2 + 1 + C y y (2 + sin t)2
ln x
 θ 16. ∫ dx
11. ∫ 7 sin  3  dθ x
Lets take t = ln x
θ dt 1
Lets take t = =
3 dx x
dt 1 dx
= ⇒ = dt
dθ 3 x
⇒ 3 dt = dθ t2 ln2 x
21 ∫ sin t dt = − 21 cos t + C ∫ t dt =
2
+ C =
2
+C
  x 2  x x dx
17. ∫ tan
7
  sec   dx
 2  2
23. ∫
x 2 + a2
 x Lets take t = x 2 + a 2
Lets take t = tan  
 2
dt 1
dt 1  x = 2 x ⇒ x dx = dt
= sec 2   dx 2
dx 2  2 1 dt
2∫ t
= t + C = x + a2 + C
2
 x
⇒ sec 2   dx = 2 dt
 2 sin (2t + 1)
 t8 
24. ∫ cos 2 (2t + 1) dt
2 ∫ t 7 dt = 2   + C
8 Lets take x = cos (2t + 1)
1  x dx
= tan8   + C = − 2 sin (2t + 1)
4  2 dt
1
1 ⇒ sin (2t + 1) dt = − dx
18. ∫ x (1 + x )2
dx 2
1 dx 1 1
− ∫ 2 = +C = +C
Lets take t = 1 + x 2 x 2x 2 cos (2t + 1)
dt 1 dx
=
dx 2 x
⇒
x
= 2 dt 25. ∫ 3 − 2 s ds

dt 2 −2 Lets take t = 3 − 2 s
2∫ 2 = − +C = +C dt
t t 1+ x = −2
ds
cos 2 y 1 1
19. ∫ 7
=
14 ∫
(1 + cos 2 y) dy ⇒ ds = − dt
2
1  sin 2 y  1 1 t3 / 2
= y+ +C − t dt = − +C
14  2  2 2 3 /2
∫ sec (3 x + 2) dx −1
2
20.
= (3 − 2 s)3 / 2 + C
3
Lets take 3 x + 2 = t
∫ (sin 2 x − cosec
2
dt 1 26. x ) dx
= 3 ⇒ dx = dt
dx 3 cos 2 x
1 1 =− + cot x + C
3∫
sec t dt = tan t + C
2 2
3
1
27. ∫ (2 cos 2 x − 3 sin 3 x) dx
= tan (3 x + 2) + C
3 = sin 2 x + cos 3 x + C
 1
∫ tan
2
x sec 2 x dx 1
21. 28. ∫ 2 cos 2   dx
x  x
Lets take t = tan x
1
dt = sec 2 x dx Lets take t =
x
t3 1 dt 1
∫t dt = + C = tan3 x + C
2
=− 2
3 3 dx x
2x − 3
22. ∫e dx ⇒
dx
= − dt
x2
Lets take t = 2 x − 3
−1
− ∫ cos 2 t dt =
2 ∫
dt (1 + cos 2t) dt
=2
dx
1  sin 2t 
1 =− t+ +C
⇒ dx = dt 2  2 
2
1 t 1 1 1 1 1  2
e dt = e t + C = e 2 x − 3 + C
2∫
= −  + sin    + C
2 2 2 x 2  x 
29. ∫ x sin2 (x 3 / 2 − 1) dx 36. ∫ cot y cosec 2 y dy
Lets take t = x 3 / 2 − 1 Lets take t = cot y,
dt 3 2 dt
= x ⇒ x dx = dt = − cosec 2 y
dx 2 3 dy
2 1 cosec 2 y dy = − dt
3∫
sin t dt = ∫ (1 − cos 2t) dt
2
3 t3 / 2
1  sin 2t  − ∫ t dt = − +C
= t− +C  3
3  2   
 2
1 sin [2(x 3 / 2 − 1)] 2
= (x 3 / 2 − 1) −  +C = − (cot y)3 / 2 + C
3 2  3
1
30. ∫ cos 3 x dx = ∫ (cos 3 x + 3 cos x ) dx 1.13 Definite integration
4
1  sin 3 x  3 −1 π π −1
=   + sin x + C 1. ∫ − 4 2 dθ = 2 [θ]−4
4 3  4
π 3π
1 3 = [(−1) − (−4)] =
= sin 3 x + sin x + C 2 2
12 4
5 2
 1 − cos 6t  t sin 6t r 2  (5 2 )2 − ( 2 )2
31. ∫ 
5 2
 dt = − +C 2. ∫ r dr =   = = 24
 2  2 12 2
2 2
2
cos x
32. ∫ sin3 x dx
1 2x e 2x 
1
e2 − e0 e2 − 1
3. ∫ 0
e dx =   = =
Lets take t = sin x ,  2 0 2 2
dt 4 dx
= cos x
dx
4. ∫0 x
= [2 x ]40 = 2( 4 − 0 ) = 4
dt = cos x dx 2
2 2  3 2
∫1 6 x + 2  dx = 2 x −  = (16 − 1) − (2 − 2) = 15
dt 1 1 2
∫ t 3 = − 2t 2 + C = − 2 sin2 x + C
5.
 x   x 1
3π
cosec θ 1 
33. ∫ cosec θ − sin θ dθ = ∫ 1 − sin2 θ dθ  x  4
tan  
3π /4  x   3 
= ∫ sec θ dθ
2 6. ∫0 sec 2  
 3
dx =   = 3(1 − 0) = 3
   
1
= tan θ + C   3   0
1 1 dx 1 1 1  5
∫ ∫ 0 3 x + 2 = 3 [ln (3 x + 2)]0 = 3 (ln 5 − ln 2) = 3 ln  2 
1
34. ds 7.
5s + 4
π
Lets take t = 5 s + 4
  x  2
dt
=5 − cos  
π /2  x   2 
ds 8. ∫ sin   dx =  
0  2 1
1  
⇒ ds = dt  2  0
5
1 dt 1  1 
⇒ ∫ = (2 t ) + C = −2 − 1
5 t 5  2 
2 =2− 2
= 5s + 4 + C
5 π/2
−5 x
9. ∫0 (sin x + cos x ) dx
∫ (e +e + e) dx
3x
35.
= [− cos x + sin x ]π0 / 2
e 3 x e −5 x
= − + ex + C = (−0 + 1) − (−1 + 0)
3 5 =2
 π
2. (d) y = x sin2 x
π/4  sin 2 x  4 1
10. ∫0 cos 2 x dx =
 2  0 2
= dy
= x (2 sin x cos x ) + sin2 x (1)
dx
∞
∞ −x  e−x  −∞ = x sin 2 x + sin2 x
∫ dx =   = − (e − e ) = − (0 − 1) = 1
0
11. e
0
 ( − 1) 0 e2x
3. (b) ∫ e 2 x dx = +C
1 x 2
12. ∫ 0 x 2 + 1 dx π /4
4. (b) ∫ 2 cos x dx = 2 [sin x ]π0 / 4
0
Lets take t = x + 1 2
 π 
dt 1 = 2  sin − sin 0 °
⇒ = 2 x ⇒ x dx = dt  4 
dx 2
1 2 dt 1 2 1  1 
=2 − 0 = 2
2 ∫1 t 2
= [ln t]1 = ln 2  2 
2
 x
1.14 Calculation of area cos  
 x  2
5. (d) ∫ sin   dx = − +C
1. y=x2  2 1
x=1 2
 x
= − 2 cos   + C
 2
X-axis 6. (c) ∫ cosec 2 x dx = − cot x + C
x=3
4
x
4  x 2 
7. (b) ∫  + 3 dx =  + 3 x 
−2  2 
x 3 
3 4  −2
3 3 26
Area = ∫ y dx = ∫ x 2 dx =   = sq. units  42   (−2)2 
1 1 3
 1 3 = + 3(4) −  + 3(−2)
 4   4 
2. y
= 16 + 5 = 21
8. (b) y = sin x + sin 3 x
3

2π dy
π
= 3 sin2 x cos x + 3 cos 3 x
O dx
9. (b) y = ln x + e − x
dy 1
= − e−x
π dx x
∫0 sin x dx = 2
10. (b) y = x ln x + x
2π
 1
∫π sin x dx = − 2 dy
dx
= x   + (ln x )(1) +
 x
1
2 x
Area = 2 + 2 = 4 sq. units 1
= 1 + ln x +
2 x
Level 2 π /4
11. (b) ∫ (sin 2 x + cos 2 x ) dx
Single Correct Choice Questions 0
π /4
1. (c) ∫ (x x + 2) dx  − cos 2 x sin 2 x 
= +
 2 2  0
x 5/ 2
= + 2x + C 1  π  π 1
 5 =  − cos   + sin    − (− cos 0 ° + sin 0 ° )
  2 2 2  2
 2
=1
2 2
= x x + 2x + C  1  x3 1
5 12. (c) ∫  x 2 + 2 + 2 dx = − + 2x + C
 x  3 x
13. (b) y = e sin 3 x 27. (b) y = sin 2 x
dy
dy
= e sin 3 x (cos 3 x )(3) = (cos 2 x )(2)
dx dx
= 3 e sin 3 x cos 3 x  dy 
  = (cos 2 π)(2) = 2
 dx  x = π
1 1
14. (d) y = x 10 + +3 +
x x 10 28. (c) y = tan x
dy 10 1 dy
= 10 x 9 − 11 − 2 = sec 2 x
dx x x dx
 x dy
15. (a) y = 3 tan   − 1 = sec 2 x − 1 = tan x
 3 dx
π π
dy   x    1  x  1 − cos 2 x 
= 3  sec 2      = sec 2   29. (b) ∫ 2 sin2 x dx = ∫ 2   dx
dx   3    3  3 0 0  2 
π /2
16. (a) y = sin2 (ln x ) 1 sin 2 x  π
= x− =
2 4  0 4
dy  1
= 2 sin (ln x )(cos (ln x ))  
dx  x d
30. (c) ( 1 + sin 2 x )
−4 dx
dx 1 (3 x + 1)
17. (b) ∫ = +C d
(3 x + 1) 5 3 (−4) = ( sin2 x + cos 2 x + 2 sin x cos x )
dx
1 1 d 
=− +C =  (sin x + cos x )2 
12 (3 x + 1)4 dx  
d 1 1 d
18. (c) ( 2x + 3) = (2) = (sin x + cos x ) = cos x − sin x
dx 2 2x + 3 dx

=
1 d  1 − cos 2 x  d  2 sin2 x 
2x + 3 31. (b)  =
dx  1 + cos 2 x  dx  2 cos 2 x 
d 1
19. (c) (x ln 2 x ) = x   (2) + ln 2 x (1) d
dx  2x  = (tan x ) = sec 2 x
dx
= 1 + ln 2 x
 x5
20. (c)
d
(x sin x ) = x cos x + (sin x )(1) 32. (b) ∫ 5 x 4 dx = 5   + C = x 5 + C
dx 5
= x cos x + sin x 5 5
33. (a) ∫ dx = ln (3 x − 7) + C
21. (b) f (x ) = (x + 6 x + 12 x − 13)
3 2 100 3x − 7 3
f ′ (x ) = 100(x 3 + 6 x 2 + 12 x − 13)99 (3 x 2 + 12 x + 12)  3 x 2 + 7 x − 11   3 7 11 
34. (b) ∫   dx = ∫  + 2 − 3  dx
= 300 (x + 2)2 (x 3 + 6 x 2 + 12 x − 13)99  x3  x x x 
d 7 11
22. (d) = (x 2 e x ) = x 2 e x + 2 x e x = e x (x 2 + 2 x ) = 3 ln x − + +C
dx x 2x 2
d
23. (a) (xe x sin x ) = x [e x cos x + e x sin x ] + (e x sin x )(1) 1 (3 x − 4)4
dx 35. (a) ∫ (3 x − 4)3 dx = +C
3 4
= e x [x cos x + x sin x + sin x ]
1
d = (3 x − 4)4 + C
24. (a) [(1 + x 2 ) e x ] = (1 + x 2 ) e x + 2 xe x = (x + 1)2 e x 12
dx
(x 2 − 1)2  x 4 + 1 − 2x 2 
d 1 36. (c) ∫ dx = ∫   dx
25. (d) ( x) = x3  x3 
dx 2 x
 1 2
26. (c)
d 3
(x − 3 x 2 + 3 x − 1)100 = ∫  x + 3 −  dx
dx  x x
= 100 (x 3 − 3 x 2 + 3 x − 1)99 (3 x 2 − 6 x + 3) x2 1
= − 2 − 2 ln x + C
= 300 (x − 1)299 2 2x
  1  2 1 d 2
37. (c) ∫  x +   x + 2  dx 47. (b) (x + 4) = 2 x
 x  x  dx
 3 1 1 x4 x2 d 4
1 (x − 2 sin x + 3 cos x )
∫ x
 x + + x +
x

3
dx =
4
+ ln x + − 2 +C
2 2x
48. (d)
dx
= 4 x 3 − 2 cos x − 3 sin x
3
38. (c) y = 2 x −
x d  x 2 + 1  (x + 1)(2 x ) − (x 2 + 1)(1)
49. (a)  =
dy 3
= 2 + 2 = 14 dx  x +1  (x + 1)2
dx x
x 2 + 2x − 1
3 1 =
⇒ 2
= 12 ⇒ x = ± (x + 1)2
x 2
39. (b) y = x 2 + 4 x + 5  1 + 2 sin x 
50. (d) ∫   dx
dy  cos 2 x 
⇒ = 2x + 4
dx = ∫ (sec 2 x + 2 sec x tan x ) dx
t = 2x + 7
= tan x + 2 sec x + C
dt
⇒ =2 ∞ −x
dx 51. (a) ∫ e dx = [− e − x ]∞
0
0
dy
dy dx 2 x + 4 = − (e −∞ − e 0 )
= = = x +2
dt dt 2 = − (0 − 1)
dx =1
2 52. (b) y = e sin ( 3 − x )
40. (a) ∫ ( 1 + x ) dx = (1 + x )3 / 2 + C
3 dy
= e sin ( 3 − x ) [cos (3 − x )](−1)
ln2 x dx
41. (b) ∫ dx
x = − e sin ( 3 − x ) cos (3 − x )
Lets take t = ln x  1 + cos 2 y 
dt 1 dx 53. (b) ∫ cos 2 y dy = ∫   dy
= ⇒ = dt  2 
dx x x
y sin 2 y
t3 ln3 x = + +C
∫ t dt = 3 + C = 3 + C
2 2 4
π
π 54. (a) ∫ x sin x 2 dx
π 0
 sin 2 x  8
42. (d) ∫ 8 2 cos 2 x dx = 2 Lets take t = x 2
0  2 
0
dt
π 1 = 2x
= sin − sin 0 ° = dx
4 2
1
π /4 ⇒ x dx = dt
π /4  cos 4 x  1 2
43. (c) ∫ 2 sin 4 x dx = − 2 = − (−1 − 1) = 1
0  4  2 1 π 1
sin t dt = [− cos t]π0
2 ∫0
0

 1  2 3/2 2
44. (d) ∫  x −  dx = x −2 x +C 1
 x  3 = − (cos π − cos 0 ° ) = 1
2
45. (d) y = x 2 + 2 2π
2π θ 2  (2 π)2 − π 2 3 π 2
dy 1 x 55. (b) ∫ θ dθ =   = =
= (2 x ) = π
 2 π 2 2
dx 2 x 2 + 2 x +2
2

56. (a) y = sin [cos 2 (e x )]

46. (c) y = e 2x
dy
= [cos (cos 2 (e x ))](2 cos e x )(− sin e x )(e x )
dy  1  e 2x dx
=e 2x
×  ×2=
dx  2 2x  2x = − 2 e x sin e x cos e x cos [cos 2 (e x )]
57. (a) y = ln [tan (x 3 )] dt
= 3x 2
dy 1 dx
= [sec 2 (x 3 )](3 x 2 ) 1
dx tan (x 3 ) ⇒ x 2 dx = dt
3
3 x 2 sec 2 (x 3 ) 1 1 1
=
tan (x 3 ) 3 ∫ cos t dt = sin t + C = sin (x 3 ) + C
3 3
π π /2
58. (b) y = 2 tan x  sin 3t  1
67. (b) ∫ 2 cos 3t dt = =−
dy
= 2 (sec 2
 1 
x) 
0  3  3
 0
dx 2 x 
68. (c) y = sin x
sec 2 x dy
= ⇒ = cos x
x dx
π x = 3t
59. (a) I = ∫ sin 2 x dx
2 dx
0 ⇒ =3
π /2 dt
 − cos 2 x 
= dy dy dx
= = (cos x )(3)
 2 
0 dt dx dt
1 = 3 cos x
= − (cos π − cos 0 ° ) = 1
2 = 3 cos (3t)
60. (a) y = 2 sec x − tan x 69. (a) a = sec (3b)
dy da
Slope = = 2 sec x tan x − sec 2 x = [sec (3b) tan (3b)](3)
dx db
π = 3 sec 3b tan 3b
At x = , slope = 0
6
70. (c) y = cos 3 x + sin (1 − x )
61. (c) Area = ∫ y dx dy
= − 3 sin 3 x − cos (1 − x )
1 dx
= ∫ (2 x 3 − 3 x 2 + 4) dx
−1 π
1 71. (a) A1 = ∫ sin x dx = − [cos x ]0π = 2
x 4  0
=  − x 3 + 4x = 6 A2 = ∫
3π /2
sin x dx = − [cos x ]0π = − 1
2  −1 π

62. (b) y = 3 sin x + cos x Area =|A1| +|A2| = 2 + 1 = 3

dy 72. (b) y = x 2 − 2 x + 3
= 3 cos x − sin x = 0
dx dy
= 2x − 2 = 0
⇒ tan x = 3 dx
π ⇒ x =1
⇒ x= At x = 1, ymin = 1 2 − 2(1) + 3 = 2
3
1 x 1 1 73. (a) y = x 2 + 4
63. (c) ∫ dx = ∫ x dx
0 4 2 0 dy  dx 
= 2x  
1  dt 
1 x 3/2 
1 dt
=   = dy  dx 
2 3 /2 3 and as per question, =2 
0
dt  dt 
d  2 1  1
64. (d)  x − + ln 2 = 2 x + 2 ⇒ x =1
dx  x  x and y =5
65. (a) y = x 2 sin x 74. (c) y = x 3 − 7 x 2 + 8 x + 5
dy
= x 2 cos x + 2 x sin x dy
= 3 x 2 − 14 x + 8 = 0
dx dx
66. (d) ∫ x 2 cos (x 3 ) dx ⇒ 3 x 2 − 12 x − 2 x + 8 = 0
Lets take t = x 3 ⇒ 3 x (x − 4) − 2(x − 4) = 0
 ⇒ x=
2
and x = 4 ⇒ (8 − u sinθ)t = 4
3  2 
⇒ (8 − u sin θ)   =4
d2y  u cos θ 
At x = 4, 2 = 6(4) − 14 > 0
dx ⇒ 8 − u sin θ = 2u cos θ
So, x = 4 is point of local minima. 8
⇒ u=
ymin = 4 3 − 7(4)2 + 8(4) + 5 = − 11 sin θ + 2 cos θ
75. (d) y = 2 x 3 − 9 x 2 + 100 u will be minimum when sin θ + 2 cos θ is maximum.
dy y = sin θ + 2 cos θ
= 6 x 2 − 18 x = 0 dy
dx = cos θ − 2 sin θ = 0
⇒ x = 0 and x = 3 dθ
1
d y2 ⇒ tan θ =
= 12 x − 18 2
dx 2 1 2
d2y ymax = +2× = 5
At x = 3, 2 = 12(3) − 18 > 0 5 5
dx 8
umin = = 1.6 5 m/ s
So, x = 3 is point of minima. 5
d
76. (c) (uv) = u(x ) v ′ (x ) + v(x ) u ′ (x ) 80. (a) Kite 52 m/s
dx
At x = 0,
= u(0) v ′ (0) + v(0) u ′ (0)
= 5(2) + (−1)(−3) = 13 l 12 m

77. (d)

x
y
l = (120)2 + x 2
2

θ dl dx
2l = 2 x
500ft dt dt
dl x dx
y =
tan θ = dt l dt
500
50
y = 500 tan θ = (52) = 20 m/ s
dy dθ 130
= 500 sec 2 θ 1
dt dt 81. (b) Area = ∫ y dx = ∫ x 2 dx
0
= 500 sec 2 45 ° (0.14) 1
= 140 ft /min x 3
1
=  =
78. (b) q = 2t − 3t + 1 3
 0 3
2

dq 82. (d) V = l 3
i= = 4t − 3
dt dV dl
At t = 5,i = 4(5) − 3 = 17 A ⇒ = 3l 2
dt dt
79. (a) dl
⇒ 3 = 3 (25)2
8m/s dt
2m θ u
dl 1
⇒ =
4m dt 625
2 A = 6l 2
Time taken to cross the road = t =
u cos θ dA dl
Distance travelled by truck in time t = 8t ⇒ = 6 (2l)
dt dt
Displacement of pedestrain along the road  1 
= 12 (25)   = 0.48 cm / s
2
= 4 + (u sinθ)t  625 
8t = 4 + (u sinθ)t
83. (a) A = πr 2 ⇒ 3(x 2 − 2 x − 3) = 0

⇒
dA
= π (2 r )
dr ⇒ x = 3 and x = −1
dt dt 86. (c)
= π (2 × 8)(5)
= 80 π cm 2 / s
y 5m
84. (b) p = t ln t
dp  1
F= = t   + (ln t)(1)
dt t
x
F = 1 + ln t = 0
ln t = − 1
1 x 2 + y 2 = 25
t = e −1 = dx dy
e 2x + 2y =0
dt dt
85. (a) y = x 3 − 3 x 2 − 9 x + 7
dy x dx 4 8
dy =− = − (2) = m/ s
= 3x 2 − 6x − 9 = 0 dt y dt 3 3
dx