LESSON7-TPACKasaFr

amewor
kforTechnol
ogy
-Dr
ivenTeachi
ngandLear
ning
TPACK i saf r
ameworkthatcombinest heteacher’
sthreeknowl edgeareas:t
echnological
knowledge,contentknowl
edge and pedagogicalknowledge.Thi sframework shows the
i
nterconnect
ednessofcont
entknowledgewi t
hpedagogicalknowledgeandt hei
ntegrat
ionof
technol
ogyinmakingt
eachi
ngmor eengaging,r
elev
antandeffect
ive.

The Technol ogi

cal,Pedagogicaland ContentKnowl edge (TPACK)isa t heoreti
calmodel
describi
ngt hecapabil
it
yofthe21stcenturyt
eacher.TPACKi sausefulmodelf oreducatorsas
theybegi ntousedi git
altool
sandst r
ategi
estosuppor tt
eachingandlearning.Thi smodel,
developedbyeducat ionalr
esearchersMishraandKohl er(
2006),i
sdesignedar oundt heidea
thatcont ent(whatyou teach)and pedagogy( howy ou t
each)mustbe t hebasi sf orany
technologythatyouplantouseiny ourcl
assr
oom toenhancelearni
ng.

CKi scontentknowledge.Thisiscomposedoff acts,concepts,theor

iesorpr inciplesinagi v
en
discipli
ne.PedagogicalKnowl edge( PK)i stheexper t’
sknowl edgeint hescienceoft eachi
ng
from educat i
onalandlearni
ngt heori
est oindivi
dualdiff
erencest ostr
at egi
esandt echniquesas
wel lasassessmentofl earni
ng.Thet eachersneedt opossesst hecapabi li
tytohandl elearni
ng
throughef fectiv
emethodandappr opr i
atestrat
egies.TheTKort hetechnol ogicalknowledgei s
thet eacher’sknowledgeonhow t osel ect,useandi ntegrat
et heset oolsint het eachingand
l
ear ningcont ext.

Di
agr
am andexpl
anat
ion©2012byt
pack.
org.

Thecircl
esint
heTPACKdiagram r
epresentcontentknowl
edge,pedagogi
calknowledge,
andtechnol
ogi
calknowl
edge.Theareaswherethecircl
esoverl
ap—wher ethethreekindsof
knowledgecombi
ne—canbeexpl ai
nedasf ol
lows:

 Pedagogi
calCont
entKnowl
edge(
PCK)i
stheknowl
edget
hatt
eacher
shav
eaboutt
hei
r
contentandt heknowledget hattheyhav eabouthowt eacht hatspecif
iccontent.First
i
dent ifi
edbyShul mani n1986, wecanseeev idenceofPCKasweconsi derthedi f
fer
ent
strategiesthatsciencet eachersuseascompar edt ot hestrategi
esusedbyl anguage
artst eachers,orteachingst rategi
esusedbyar tteachersasopposedt ot eachersof
mat hemat i
cs.Thi sspeci al
izedknowl edgeallowst eacherstouset hemostef f
ecti
v e
met hodsf ort eachi
ngspeci fi
ccont ent.Thi
si ncludest heknowl edgeofhow t ouse
techniquest hatcanmeani ngfull
yaddr essdifferentlearni
ngst y
leswhilesuppor ti
ng
contentwi thdeeperunder standing.Schulman(2008)consi derst hi
steachi
ngati tsbest.
Thei ncorpor at
ionoftechnol ogyknowl edgeintoPCKbyMi shraandKoehl er(2006)i s

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 r
elev o21stcent
antt uryteachi
ng.Thi
soverlapremindsusthat,asteachers,wedesign
l
essonsbasedonhowst udent
scanbestl
ear nourspeci
fi
ccoursemat er
ial
.Asteachers,
weknowPCKi srequi
redtosimpl
if
yasubjectandteachitef
fect
ivel
y.

 Technol
ogi
calPedagogi
calKnowl
edge(
TPK)i
sthesetofski
l
ls,i
dent
if
iedbyMi
shr
a
andKohl eri
n2006,whi cht eachersdev el
opt oidentifythebestt echnologyt osupporta
par t
icularpedagogi calappr oach.Fori nst
ance,i fy ouwanty ourst udent stowor ki n
collabor ati
vegroups( pedagogy )youmi ghtchooset ohav ethem shareorcommuni cate
whatt heyhav el
ear nedinamul t
imodalpr esentation.TPKhi ghli
ghtst heareawher e
technol ogyand pedagogyi nf
luence each other .I ncorporat
ing technologyi nt
ot he
classroom of tencausesachangei nhowt hemat erialistaught.Anothersi mpleexampl e
mi ghtbewhenat eacherusesani nst
ructi
onalv i
deocl i
pf orat opi
ct hattheyusedt o
model ont heboard.

 Technol
ogi
calCont
entKnowl
edge(
TCK)i
sthesetofski
l
ls,al
soi
dent
if
iedbyMi
shr
a
andKohl erin2006,whi chteachersacquiret ohelpi dent
if
ythebesttechnologi
est o
supportthei
rstudentsastheylear
ncont ent.Thetechnologyisusedi
naspecifi
careat o
enrichanddeepenst udent
’sunderstandingofcont ent.TCK ishow t
het echnology
i
nfluencesthecontent.

 Technol
ogi
calPedagogi
calCont
entKnowl
edge(
TPACK)
.Thi
sar
eaacknowl
edgest
hat
allt
hreeoft hesesetsofknowledgeareinfl
uencingeachot her
,thateachisimpor t
ant,
andt hattohav eaneff
ecti
velearni
ngenv i
ronment ,weneedt oconsideral
lthree.Iti
s
aboutwhatt eacher
sknow,howt heyteachandhowt echnol
ogyisusedinthedel i
ver
yof
st
thelessontomakei tmoreengagingandmakel earningmorerel
evantinthe21 century.

I
nconcl usi
on,TPACK,wi
llst
artwit
hcontentandt henpedagogyandlay
erintechnology
.
Somet i
mes,y oumightgetexci
tedaboutt hetechnologi
caltoolanddesignal esson
aroundit.Remember,i
tisnotaboutthetechnologytoolbutiti
stherightbl
endoft he
threeknowledgear
eas.

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