5G Integrated gNodeB

Configuration Guide
BaiBNQ_2.5.x

All rights reserved © Baicells Technologies Co., Ltd. Document version: 02

About This Document

This document describes the mainstream applications used for configuring and
administering the Baicells Next Generation gNodeBs (gNBs). The scope of information
includes the standard single carrier gNB Graphical User Interface (GUI). The target audience
is network administrators responsible for configuring, monitoring, troubleshooting, and
upgrading Baicells gNBs; configuring network interfaces; adding subscribers, and creating
service plans.

Following products use the BNQ software platform.

 Aurora243

 Aurora249

 Stellar227

Copyright Notice

Baicells Technologies copyrights the information in this document. No part of this

document may be reproduced in any form or means without the prior written consent of
Baicells Technologies. The Baicells logo is a proprietary trademark of Baicells Technologies.
Other trademarks mentioned in this document belong to their owners.

Disclaimer

All products, services, and features bought from Baicells Technologies are subject to the
constraints of the company's business contract and terms. All or part of the products,
services, or features described in this document might not be your specific Baicells network.
Unless stated in the contract, Baicells Technologies does not make any explicit or default
statement or guarantee about the contents of this document.

Unless stated otherwise, this document serves only as a user guide, and all descriptions/
information/ suggestions mean no guarantee, neither explicit nor implicit.

The information in this document is subject to change at any time without notice. For more
information, please consult with a Baicells technical engineer or the support team. Refer to
the “Contact Us” section.
Revision Record
Date Version Description
30 Dec., 2023 01 Initial released.
1 Feb., 2024 02 Modify default password strategy in “2.4 Login”.

Contact Us
Baicells Technologies Co., Ltd. Baicells Technologies North America, Inc.
China North America
Address 9-10F, 1st Bldg., No.81BeiqingRoad, 555 Republic Dr., #200, Plano, TX 75074,
Haidian District, Beijing, China USA
Phone 400-108-0167 +1-888-502-5585
Email [email protected] or [email protected] or
[email protected] [email protected]
Website www.Baicells.com https://na.Baicells.com
 Contents
1. Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 1
2. gNB GUI....................................................................................................................................4

2.1 Computer Requirements....................................................................................4

2.2 Connect Web Client to Base Station................................................................. 4

2.3 Set Up Client Computer......................................................................................4

2.4 Login.................................................................................................................... 6

2.5 Reboot..................................................................................................................7

2.6 Active/Inactive..................................................................................................... 8

2.7 Change Password................................................................................................. 8

2.8 Logout.................................................................................................................. 9
3. Initial Configuration Flow....................................................................................................10
4. Basic Setting..........................................................................................................................11

4.1 Basic Info............................................................................................................11

4.2 Quick Setting...................................................................................................... 12

4.3 Alarm..................................................................................................................14
5. Network Setting.................................................................................................................... 16

5.1 Configure Interfaces...........................................................................................16

5.1.1 WAN/VLAN.........................................................................................................19

5.1.2 LAN..................................................................................................................... 20

5.1.3 Default Route..................................................................................................... 21

5.2 Configure IPsec.................................................................................................. 21

5.2.1 Soft USIM........................................................................................................... 22

5.2.2 IPsec Tunnel....................................................................................................... 22

5.2.3 Strong Swan....................................................................................................... 26

5.3 Configure Static Routing.................................................................................... 28

5.4 Configure Firewall.............................................................................................. 30

5.5 Configure HaloB................................................................................................. 31

6. BTS Setting............................................................................................................................35

6.1 Configure Management Server........................................................................35

6.2 Configure Performance Management...............................................................36

6.3 Configure Synchronization.................................................................................37

6.4 Certificate Store................................................................................................. 39

7. NR Setting..............................................................................................................................41

7.1 Configure LTE Neighbor Frequency and Cell.................................................... 42

7.1.1 EutraFREQ Measurement List............................................................................43

7.1.2 EutraFREQ Reselection List................................................................................ 43

7.1.3 Cell Neighbor List...............................................................................................44

7.2 Configure NR Neighbor Frequency and Cell...................................................... 45

7.2.1 IntraFREQ Measurement List............................................................................ 46

7.2.2 InterFREQ Measurement................................................................................... 46

7.2.3 InterFREQ Reselection List.................................................................................48

7.2.4 Cell Neighbor List............................................................................................... 49

7.3 Configure Mobility Parameter........................................................................... 50

7.3.1 A1 Event Threshold............................................................................................51

7.3.2 A2 Event Threshold............................................................................................53

7.3.3 A3 Event Threshold............................................................................................53

7.3.4 A4 Event Threshold............................................................................................53

7.3.5 A5 Event Threshold............................................................................................54

7.3.6 B1 Event Threshold............................................................................................ 54

7.3.7 B2 Event Threshold............................................................................................ 55

7.3.8 Period Measurement Parameter.......................................................................55

7.4 Configure Advanced Parameters....................................................................... 56

7.4.1 CU.......................................................................................................................56

7.4.2 DU...................................................................................................................... 57

7.4.3 SSB......................................................................................................................58
 7.4.4 RRC..................................................................................................................... 58

7.4.5 DRX.....................................................................................................................58

7.4.6 Voice.................................................................................................................. 59

7.4.7 GNB.................................................................................................................... 59

7.4.8 Multi PLMN....................................................................................................... 60

7.4.9 Mobility Strategy................................................................................................60

7.4.10 CellDt..................................................................................................................60

7.5 Configure Security Algorithm.............................................................................60

7.6 Configure SIB......................................................................................................61

7.7 Configure ANR....................................................................................................64

7.8 Configure SAS.....................................................................................................65

7.8.1 SAS Preferred Setting.........................................................................................66

7.8.2 Install Parameter Configuration........................................................................ 67

7.8.3 Direct SAS Configuration....................................................................................70

7.9 Configure XN...................................................................................................... 71

7.10 Configure PCI......................................................................................................73

7.11 Configure PLMN................................................................................................. 74

7.12 Configure BWP................................................................................................... 75

7.13 Configure LGW................................................................................................... 76

7.14 Configure CSI......................................................................................................77

7.15 Configure PUSCH................................................................................................78

7.16 Configure PDSCH................................................................................................79

7.17 Configure PUCCH............................................................................................... 80

7.18 Configure QoS.................................................................................................... 81

7.18.1 QoS List.............................................................................................................. 81

7.18.2 SST List............................................................................................................... 83

8. Configure System Parameter............................................................................................ 84

8.1 User Management............................................................................................ 84

 8.2 Configure NTP................................................................................................... 85

8.3 Configure Security..............................................................................................86

8.4 Configure Log..................................................................................................... 87

8.5 Upgrade............................................................................................................. 88

8.5.1 Software Upgrade.............................................................................................. 88

8.5.2 Rollback............................................................................................................. 89

8.6 Backup................................................................................................................89

8.6.1 Backup Current Configuration........................................................................... 90

8.6.2 Backup Log Files................................................................................................. 90

8.6.3 Backup Crash Logs..............................................................................................90

8.6.4 Restore Default Configuration........................................................................... 91

8.6.5 Restore Calibration File......................................................................................91

8.6.6 Import Configuration File...................................................................................91

8.7 Diagnostics........................................................................................................ 91

8.7.1 Diagnostics......................................................................................................... 91

8.7.2 MTU Detection...................................................................................................94

8.7.3 Wireless Maintenance Mode.............................................................................95

8.7.4 SFP Detection..................................................................................................... 95

8.8 License................................................................................................................96

8.9 Theme Setting.................................................................................................... 96

Appendix A Terminology & Acronym........................................................................................ 98
 List of Figures
Figure 1- 1 Standard 5G NR Infrastructure..........................................................................1

Figure 1- 2 5G NR Overall Architecture................................................................................ 2

Figure 2- 1 Internet Protocol Version (TCP/IPV4)...........................................................5

Figure 2- 2 GUI Login.............................................................................................................. 6

Figure 2- 3 GUI Homepage.....................................................................................................6

Figure 2- 4 System Menu........................................................................................................ 7

Figure 2- 5 Reboot....................................................................................................................8

Figure 2- 6 Active/Inactive.......................................................................................................8

Figure 2- 7 Change Password................................................................................................9

Figure 3- 1 Initial gNB Configuration Flow.......................................................................10

Figure 4- 1 Basic Setting Menu............................................................................................11

Figure 4- 2 Basic Info............................................................................................................. 11

Figure 4- 3 Quick Setting...................................................................................................... 13

Figure 5- 1 Network Menu.................................................................................................... 16

Figure 5- 2 Interface Configuration – Aurora243.............................................................. 17

Figure 5- 3 Interface Configuration – Aurora249.............................................................. 18

Figure 5- 4 Interface Configuration – Stellar227...............................................................18

Figure 5- 5 Add WAN IP Address........................................................................................ 19

Figure 5- 6 Add a VLAN........................................................................................................ 20

Figure 5- 7 Add a LAN IP Address.......................................................................................20

Figure 5- 8 Configure IPSec................................................................................................21

Figure 5- 9 Soft SIM.............................................................................................................. 22

Figure 5- 10 IPsec Tunnel -Basic Setting.........................................................................23

Figure 5- 11 IPsec Tunnel -Advanced Setting.................................................................24

Figure 5- 12 Strong Swan Setting....................................................................................... 27

Figure 5- 13 Configure Static Routing................................................................................ 28

Figure 5- 14 Configure Static Route....................................................................................28

Figure 5- 15 Configure Static Route – IPv4....................................................................... 29

Figure 5- 16 Configure Static Route – IPv6....................................................................... 29

Figure 5- 17 Configure Firewall............................................................................................30

Figure 5- 18 Add a Firewall...................................................................................................30

Figure 5- 19 Configure HaloB...............................................................................................32

Figure 5- 20 Log in HaloB Configuration GUI....................................................................32

Figure 5- 21 HaloB GUI Homepage.................................................................................... 33

Figure 5- 22 Add Subscribers...............................................................................................33

Figure 6- 1 BTS Setting Menu.................................................................................................... 35

Figure 6- 2 Configure Network Management Server....................................................... 35

Figure 6- 3 Performance Management...............................................................................36

Figure 6- 4 Synchronization Mode Setting.........................................................................37

Figure 6- 5 Synchronization Mode - GNSS....................................................................... 38

Figure 6- 6 Certificate Store................................................................................................. 39

Figure 7- 1 NR Setting Menu................................................................................................41

Figure 7- 2 LTE Neighbor Frequency/Cell Settings..........................................................42

Figure 7- 3 NR Neighbor Frequency/Cell Settings...........................................................45

Figure 7- 4 Handoff................................................................................................................ 51

Figure 7- 5 Security Algorithm Setting................................................................................ 61

Figure 7- 6 SIB Setting.......................................................................................................... 62

Figure 7- 7 ANR Settings...................................................................................................... 64

Figure 7- 8 SAS Setting.........................................................................................................66

Figure 7- 9 SAS Preferred Setting.......................................................................................67

Figure 7- 10 Install Parameters Configuration - Multi-step............................................. 68

Figure 7- 11 Install Configuration Parameters - Single-Step.......................................... 69

Figure 7- 12 CPI Information Certificate.............................................................................70

Figure 7- 13 Direct SAS Configuration............................................................................... 71

Figure 7- 14 XN Settings.......................................................................................................72

Figure 7- 15 Add XN.............................................................................................................. 72

Figure 7- 16 Add XN Black IP...............................................................................................73

Figure 7- 17 PCI Setting........................................................................................................73

Figure 7- 18 PLMN Setting................................................................................................... 74

Figure 7- 19 Add PLMN.........................................................................................................74

Figure 7- 20 PLMN List..........................................................................................................75

Figure 7- 21 Configure BWP................................................................................................ 75

Figure 7- 22 DL/UL BWP List...............................................................................................76

Figure 7- 23 Configure LGW................................................................................................ 77

Figure 7- 24 CSI Setting........................................................................................................78

Figure 7- 25 PUSCH Setting................................................................................................ 79

Figure 7- 26 PDSCH Setting................................................................................................ 80

Figure 7- 27 PUCCH Setting................................................................................................ 80

Figure 7- 28 QoS Setting...................................................................................................... 81

Figure 8- 1 System Menu......................................................................................................84

Figure 8- 2 User Management............................................................................................. 84

Figure 8- 3 Add a User.......................................................................................................... 85

Figure 8- 4 NTP Server Setting............................................................................................85

Figure 8- 5 Security Setting.................................................................................................. 86

Figure 8- 6 Log Level Setting............................................................................................... 87

Figure 8- 7 Software Upgrade............................................................................................. 88

Figure 8- 8 System Backup.................................................................................................. 90

Figure 8- 9 Diagnostics..........................................................................................................92

Figure 8- 10 Diagnostics - ping............................................................................................ 92

Figure 8- 11 Diagnostics – tcpdump....................................................................................93

Figure 8- 12 Diagnostics – iperf...........................................................................................94

Figure 8- 13 MTU Detection................................................................................................. 95

Figure 8- 14 Wireless Maintenance Mode......................................................................... 95

Figure 8- 15 SFP Detection.................................................................................................. 95

Figure 8- 16 License Management......................................................................................96

Figure 8- 17 Theme Setting.................................................................................................. 97

 List of Tables
Table 2- 1 Computer Requirements.....................................................................................4

Table 4- 1 Basic Info Fields...................................................................................................12

Table 4- 2 Quick Setting Parameter Description...............................................................13

Table 4- 3 Alarm......................................................................................................................14

Table 4- 4 Current Alarm Info and History Alarm Info Fields...........................................14

Table 5- 1 WAN Interface Parameter Description............................................................19

Table 5- 2 VLAN Parameter Description............................................................................ 20

Table 5- 3 LAN Interface Parameter Description............................................................. 20

Table 5- 4 IPsec Function Parameter Description......................................................... 22

Table 5- 5 IPsec Tunnel - Basic Parameter Description...............................................23

Table 5- 6 IPsec Tunnel -Advanced Parameter Description........................................25

Table 5- 7 Strong Wan Parameter Description.................................................................27

Table 5- 8 IPv4 Parameter Description.............................................................................29

Table 5- 9 IPv6 Parameter Description.............................................................................30

Table 5- 10 Firewall Parameter Description.................................................................... 31

Table 5- 11 Add a Subscriber............................................................................................... 34

Table 6- 1 NMS Parameter Description............................................................................ 36

Table 6- 2 Performance Management Parameter Description..................................... 37

Table 7- 1 EutraFREQ Measurement Parameter Description.....................................43

Table 7- 2 EutraFREQ Reselection Parameter Description........................................ 43

Table 7- 3 Cell Neigh List Parameter Description..........................................................44

Table 7- 4 IntrFreq Measurement Parameter Description............................................46

Table 7- 5 InterFREQ Measurement Parameter Description...................................... 47

Table 7- 6 InterFREQ Reselection Parameter Description.......................................... 48

Table 7- 7 Cell Neighbor Parameter Description............................................................ 49

Table 7- 8 A1 Event Threshold Parameter Description.................................................52

Table 7- 9 B1 Event Threshold Parameter Description................................................ 54

Table 7- 10 Period Measurement Parameter Description............................................ 55

Table 7- 11 CU Parameter Description............................................................................. 56

Table 7- 12 Multi Network Element Parameter Description.........................................57

Table 7- 13 DU Parameter Description............................................................................. 57

Table 7- 14 PCI Range Parameter Description............................................................... 58

Table 7- 15 DRX Parameter Description.......................................................................... 58

Table 7- 16 Voice Parameter Description.........................................................................59

Table 7- 17 GNB Parameter Description.......................................................................... 59

Table 7- 18 Cell Data Trace Parameter Description....................................................... 60

Table 7- 19 Ciphering Algorithm Parameter Description................................................61

Table 7- 20 Integrity Algorithm Parameter Description...................................................61

Table 7- 21 SIB1 Parameter Description..........................................................................62

Table 7- 22 SIB2 Parameter Description..........................................................................63

Table 7- 23 SIB3 Parameter Description..........................................................................63

Table 7- 24 SIB4 Parameter Description..........................................................................63

Table 7- 25 SIB5 Parameter Description..........................................................................64

Table 7- 26 ANR Parameter Description.......................................................................... 64

Table 7- 27 SAS Preferred Setting Parameters Description...........................................67

Table 7- 28 Installation Parameter Description - Multi-step..........................................68

Table 7- 29 Installation Configuration Parameter Description – Single step............. 69

Table 7- 30 CPI Information Parameter Description –Single step...............................70

Table 7- 31 Direct SAS Setting Parameters Description -...............................................71

Table 7- 32 XN Parameter Description............................................................................. 72

Table 7- 33 PLMN Parameter Description........................................................................74

Table 7- 34 BWP Parameter Description............................................................................76

Table 7- 35 LGW Parameter Description........................................................................... 77

Table 7- 36 CSI Parameter Description............................................................................ 78

Table 7- 37 PUSCH Parameter Description.....................................................................79

Table 7- 38 PDSCH Parameter Description.....................................................................80

Table 7- 39 PUCCH Parameter Description.....................................................................80

Table 7- 40 QoS Parameter Description........................................................................... 81

Table 7- 41 SST Parameter Description........................................................................... 83

Table 8- 1 NTP Server Parameter Description............................................................... 85

Table 8- 2 Security Parameter Description.......................................................................86

Table 8- 3 Parameter Description of Ping Command.......................................................93

Table 8- 4 Parameter Description of tcpdump Command............................................... 93

Table 8- 5 Iperf Parameter Description of Diagnostics....................................................94

1. Introduction
The Baicells 5G base station is an advanced outdoor 5G sub-6 GHz integrated gNodeB
(gNB) designed and developed based on the Qualcomm 5G System-on-a-Chip (SoC)
solution. The gNB enables operators to enhance coverage performance, improve
network capacity, and eliminate blind spots for their 5G networks while reducing overall
system power consumption. The gNB has an integrated small cell form factor for quick
and easy installation. The frequency bands for 5G New Radio (NR) are separated into
two different frequency ranges, and the Aurora243, Aurora249 and Stellar227 operates
in the frequency range 1 (FR1):

 n41 (2515 MHz–2675 MHz) / (2600 MHz–2690 MHz)

 n48 (3550 MHz–3700 MHz), which supports Citizens Broadband Radio Service
(CBRS) and the shared Spectrum Access System (SAS)

 n77 (3800 MHz–4200 MHz), which includes sub-6 GHz bands

 n78 (3300 MHz–3600 MHz) / (3600 MHz–3800 MHz), which includes sub-6
GHz bands

 n79 (4400 MHz – 5000 MHz)

The Baicells products allow network operators to offer internet service to subscribers
using 5G NR-based broadband wireless access.

Figure 1- 1 Standard 5G NR Infrastructure

A 5G NR network is composed of a 5G Radio Access Network (RAN) and a 5G Core

Network (5GC), as shown in Figure 1- 1. The key components of a 5G RAN include
User Equipment (UE), CPE, gNodeB (gNB), and ng-eNodeB (ng-eNB). The ng-eNB is
an enhanced version of the LTE eNB and connects 5G CPEs to 5GC using the LTE air
1
interface.

The 5GC is the heart of the overall infrastructure, and it is designed to support the
enhanced capabilities of 5G, including higher data rates, lower latency, massive
connectivity, and network slicing. Some of the elements that manage and control the
flow of data in a 5G network are Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF),
Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Network Slice
Selection Function (NSSF), and Authentication Server Function (AUSF).

 AMF – Responsible for managing a device's registration, reachability,

connection, and mobility in the 5G network.

 SMF – Responsible for session establishment, QoS management, policy

enforcement, traffic routing, billing, and interaction with the UPF.

 UPF – Handles data forwarding, traffic inspection and control, packet routing
and encapsulation, and service-specific optimization, and interacts with other
network functions to ensure efficient and reliable data transmission on the 5G
network.

 NSSF – Responsible for selecting and assigning appropriate network slices to

UE based on their specific requirements.

 AUSF – Handles user authentication and security-related function in the 5G

network.

Figure 1- 2 5G NR Overall Architecture

Two interfaces are used in the 5G NR network: NG interface and Xn interface. The NG
interface exists between the 5GC and the base stations. The Xn interface exists

2
between the base stations (gNB to gNB, gNB to ng-eNB, and ng-eNB to ng-eNB) and is
the network interface between NG-RAN nodes. Xn-U is the Xn user plane interface, and
Xn-C is the Xn control plane interface. The gNB houses three functional modules:
Central Unit (CU), Distributed Unit (DU), and Radio Unit (RU). The gNB CU handles
mobility control, radio resource management, and session management. The gNB DU
provides physical layer and Media Access Control (MAC) layer functionalities. The
functionality split between CU and DU is implementation dependent. The gNB CUs and
DUs use F1 interfaces to support signaling exchange and data transmission between
the units.

5G is deployed in two modes, Non-Standalone Mode (NSA) and Standalone Mode (SA).
NSA enables faster deployment and time-to-market for 5G, leveraging the existing 4G
network and infrastructure. A 5G RAN can operate on a legacy 4G core network for
connectivity in NSA. However, SA deployment involves a full-fledged 5G network with
the 5GC and 5G RAN. As a result, SA offers the full benefits and capabilities of 5G,
including advanced features like network slicing, ultra-low latency, and massive IoT
support. In addition, SA provides a more future-proof and scalable solution, as it utilizes
the native capabilities and performance of 5G fully.

The Aurora243/Auro249 operates in 5G SA mode, and a single channel can operate in

a maximum of 100 MHz channel bandwidth, so there is no need for Carrier Aggregation
(CA).

The available Operations, Administration, and Management (OAM) applications include

an eNB GUI, a gNB GUI, a CPE GUI, the Baicells CloudCore Operations Management
Console (OMC), and the Baicells CloudCore Business and Operation Support System
(BOSS).

The eNB GUI, gNB GUI, and CPE GUI configure and manage individual devices. The
CloudCore apps configure and manage the operator’s network devices across multiple
sites through the OMC and all subscribers and service plans through BOSS. Baicells
charges a monthly CloudCore usage fee based on the number of active users. Baicells
also provides private network solutions such as Local core network and Local
OMC+BOSS are also available.

Many of the equipment and network interface parameters are preconfigured with
recommended default settings from the factory. However, this guide explains and
illustrates every field and operation to allow each operator the flexibility to use the gNB
GUI.

3
2. gNB GUI
This section describes the gNB GUI for the Baicells 5G gNB, which runs on
BaiBNQ_2.5 software.

2.1 Computer Requirements

Refer to Table 2- 1 for the minimum computer requirements needed to launch the
gNB GUI.

Table 2- 1 Computer Requirements

Item Description
CPU Above Intel Core 1GHz
Memory Greater than 2G RAM
Hard Disk No less than 100 MB space available
Ethernet Port 10/100/1000 adaptive Ethernet interface
Operating System  Microsoft: Windows7 or Windows10 or higher
 Mac: MacOSX10.5 or higher
Screen Resolution Higher than 1024 x 768 pixels
Browser Google Chrome 9+, Internet Explorer 7.0+, Mozilla Firefox
3.6+

2.2 Connect Web Client to Base Station

Connect the Ethernet interface of the computer to the network interface of the base
station through the Ethernet cable.

2.3 Set Up Client Computer

Before login the Web client, the client computer’s IP address needs to be set up first
so that the connection between the client and the server is possible. Take Windows
10 as an example:

1. Click “Start>Control Panel” and later “Network and Internet” in the window
that pops up.

2. Click “View network status and tasks” and later “Local Connectivity” in the
window that pops up.

3. In “Status of Local Connectivity”, click “Properties” to see the “Properties of

Local Connectivity” pop-up window.

4
4. Select “Internet Protocol Version (TCP/IPV4)” and click “Properties” to see
the pop-up window as Figure 2- 1.

Figure 2- 1 Internet Protocol Version (TCP/IPV4)

5. Select “Use the following IP address”.

6. Input IP address of the Operation and Maintenance (OAM) interface, subnet

mask, and default gateway, and then click “OK”.

 IP address: 192.168.150. XXX: (xxx is a number from 100 to 254)

Because the LAN interface of the gNB uses the IP address of 192.168.150.7,
others should avoid using this address.

 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

 Default gateway: 192.168.150.1

NOTE: The default OAM IP address is 192.168.150.7/24. If the gNB configures IP address in
other segments, you should configure according to the actual networking.

7. Execute ping 192.168.150.xxx in the command dialogue window and check

whether the connection between the local (client) computer and the server is
working.

If the ping command fails, contact network engineers to ensure network

connectivity.

5
2.4 Login
1. Open a Web browser and enter http://<OAM IP>. The OAM IP is the IP address of
the management port, and the default IP is 192.168.150.7.

2. Enter new_user as the Username, gNB@a*b*c*d* as the Password, and then

enter the random case-sensitive Verification Code at the User Login dialogue
window, as shown in Figure 2- 2.

Each gNB has an exclusive default password, which is formatted as

gNB@a*b*c*d*, where * represents the last four digits of the gNB's Serial
Number (SN). For example, if the last four digits of the gNB's SN are 1234, then
the default password for that gNB would be gNB@a1b2c3d4.

Figure 2- 2 GUI Login

For security seasons, you should change the password after you first log in
rather than leaving the default admin and password.

3. Click “Login” to enter the homepage, as shown in Figure 2- 3.

Figure 2- 3 GUI Homepage

6
 NOTE: The menus and information may vary by product type or software version.

The GUI homepage displays the Basic Setting > Basic Info sub-menu, which is
like a dashboard for the device.

The navigation pane on the left side contains the main menu items Basic Setting,
Network, BTS Setting, NR Setting, and System. The main menus and associated
sub-menus may vary by hardware model, software version, and gNB operating
mode. Use the vertical/horizontal scroll bars to see the displayed menu’s fields.
Vertical scroll bars are usually on the right side of the display. Horizontal scroll bars
are usually at the bottom of the display.

On the top right corner of the window, where is the system operation menu.
Click the user name (default is new_user) to pop up the system menu, as shown
in Figure 2- 4, which offers Reboot, Active/Inactive, Change Password, and Logout
sub menu.

Figure 2- 4 System Menu

On the top right corner of the window, click “English” and select “Chinese” to
switch to the language to Chinese.

2.5 Reboot

Caution: The reboot action will disrupt the gNB service.

NOTE:
1. When you need to reboot the gNB, Baicells recommends collecting logs on the gNB before you
reboot it for troubleshooting.
2. In a lab test environment, you can disable GPS Sync to reduce the reboot time.

Go to the top right corner of the display and open the drop-down system menu. Then,
select Reboot, as shown in Figure 2- 5.

7
Figure 2- 5 Reboot

Click “System Reboot” to restart the gNB. Wait for a few minutes, the gNB will
restart successfully and can access services.

2.6 Active/Inactive
Go to the top right corner of the display and open the drop-down system menu. Then,
select Active/Inactive to pop up the Active/Inactive window, as shown in Figure 2- 6.

Figure 2- 6 Active/Inactive

Select Type is set to Cell by default, and determine to which state you want to set the
gNB. Next, click To Active to change the status of the gNB active, or click To Inactive to
set the status as inactive.

2.7 Change Password

Go to the top right corner of the display and open the drop-down system menu. Then,
select Change Password to pop up the Change Password window, as shown in Figure
2- 7.

8
Figure 2- 7 Change Password

The password is the gNB administrator’s GUI password. First, enter your old password
and then enter a new password. Then, re-enter the new password to confirm it and
press OK. The passwords must be 12 to 20 characters each.

2.8 Logout
To log out of the gNB GUI, go to the top right corner of the display and open the drop-
down system menu. Then, select Logout, and you are automatically logged out of the
GUI and presented with the Login dialogue window.

9
3. Initial Configuration Flow
After the gNB is powered on, configure the gNB to start service and access UEs,
providing voice and data service. When configuring a newly installed gNB, we
recommend you follow the flow that is shown in Figure 3- 1.

Figure 3- 1 Initial gNB Configuration Flow

Before configuring the device’s data, the data planning needs to be done first. The data
to configure includes local parameters and connecting parameters. These parameters
are either provided by the user or determined after negotiation with the customers. The
data to prepare include network parameters, cell parameters, protocol parameters,
software version, etc.

10
4. Basic Setting
The Basic Setting menu is shown in Figure 4- 1, which is used to view basic information
about the gNB, configure quick settings, and view information about active alarms and
history alarms.

Figure 4- 1 Basic Setting Menu

4.1 Basic Info

The Basic Setting > Basic Info sub-menu contains several fields that provide essential
gNB operational information. The displayed fields depend on the hardware model,
software version, and gNB operating mode. For example, if the cell is active, its status is
reported as such in the Status Info pane.

Switching to a different operating mode requires a reboot of the gNB. A message

displays stating to please wait while settings are applied. When the message displays
confirming the configuration is successful, click OK to initiate the reboot.

The Basic Info window is shown in Figure 4- 2, and the fields are described in Table 4- 1.

Figure 4- 2 Basic Info

NOTE: The gNB GUI refreshes the basic information every 15 seconds.

11
Table 4- 1 Basic Info Fields

Field Name Description

Basic Info
Product Type The model of the gNB.
Software Version The version number of the operating software running on the gNB.
Firmware Version The version of the firmware software.
CPLD Version The version of Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD).
SN Number Serial Number (SN) identifier for the gNB.
Status Info
Cell Status Active or Inactive. When the gNB is operating (transmitting and
receiving signals), the status is active. If not, the status is reported
as inactive.
F1 Status Status of link between gNB CU and DU: Active (connected) or
Inactive (not connected).
Sync Status Status of GPS synchronization
WAN Link Status Status of WAN link
UE Connections Number of connected UEs.
OMC Status Status of OMC connection: Connected or Disconnected.
HaloB Status Status of HaloB: ON or OFF.
IPSec Status Status of IPsec: OFF, Connected or Disconnected.
NG Status Status of the NG interface. Active (connected) or Inactive (not
connected).
Upgrade Status Overall upgrade status of the gNB.
VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) Status
VSWR 0 Alarm This alarm indicates a problem with the transmission line or antenna
Status system of the network. If the status is Normal, no VSWR alarm is
triggered.
VSWR 1 Alarm This alarm indicates a problem with the transmission line or antenna
Status system of the network. If the status is Normal, no VSWR alarm is
triggered.

4.2 Quick Setting

The quick settings determine important Radio Frequency (RF) parameters, as well as
connectivity to the 5GC. These parameters need to be planned in advance in the
network planning stage.

For most Quick Setting parameter changes, you must reboot the gNB for the changes to
take effect.

1. In the navigation column in the left, select “Basic Setting > Quick Setting” to
enter the quick setting page, as shown in Figure 4- 3.

12
 Figure 4- 3 Quick Setting

2. Input quick setting parameters, the parameter descriptions are given in Table 4- 2.

Table 4- 2 Quick Setting Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Duplex Mode The working mode, which is assigned automatically by
the system.
Band Operation frequency band, including 40, 41, 48, 77, 78,
79.
UL NRARFCN In 5G, NR RF reference frequencies are designated by
a New Radio Absolute Radio Frequency Channel
Number (NRARFCN) on the global frequency raster.
This field is used to define the Uplink NRARFCN.
DL NRARFCN This field is used to define the Downlink NRARFCN.
PCI Physical Cell ID (PCI) allocated by the operator. PCI is
an essential Layer 1 cell identity for each cell site in the
network. Planning PCIs is crucial for Quality of Service
(QoS).
The range is from 0 to 1007.
NOTE: Baicells does not use and does not work with PCI 0.
TX Antenna Count Number of transmitting antennas. The gNB supports up
to two TX antennas.
RX Antenna Count Number of receiving antennas. The gNB supports up to
two RX antennas.
DL SubCarrierSpacing Downlink subcarrier spacing. The gNB supports 30kHz
in this version.
DL CarrierBandWidth(RB) Downlink carrier bandwidth resource block.
UL SubCarrierSpacing Uplink subcarrier spacing. The gNB supports 30kHz in
this version.
UL CarrierBandWidth(RB) Uplink carrier bandwidth resource block.
Power Modify Output power, typically left with the default values.
Range is based on the product type.
This field may be used in situations where you need to
reduce the output power, such as testing the gNB
before installing it on a tower; restricting the gNB
output to reduce interference with other gNBs in the

13
 Parameter Description
same geographical area; or staying within Effective
Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) rules.
NOTE: If SAS is enabled, the power setting is assigned by the
SAS vendor. Refer to the SAS Deployment Guide for more
information.
RF Enable or disable the radio frequency. If the parameter
is set to ON, the antenna will transmit radio signal.
SSB Absolute Freq Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) absolute frequency

3. Click “Save” to complete the quick settings of the gNB.

4.3 Alarm
In the navigation column in the left, select “Basic Setting > Alarm” the menu to show
the current and history alarms, as shown in Table 4- 3.

Table 4- 3 Alarm

Click to view the Current Alarm Info and History Alarm Info. Table 4- 4 shows the
description of the fields of current alarms and history alarms.

Table 4- 4 Current Alarm Info and History Alarm Info Fields

Field Name Description
ID Alarm ID
Perceived Severity Severity of the alarm
Raised Time The time the alarm was raised
Notification Type The type of alarm notification
Event Type The type of alarm event
Probable Cause The cause of the alarm
Specific Problem The description of the alarm

14
Field Name Description
Managed Object It describes the specific element or aspect of the system. This
Instance allows administrators to easily distinguish and manage each
instance.

15
5. Network Setting
The Network menu settings are where you configure the Wide Area Network (WAN) and
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) network interfaces and static routes for the gNB, as
shown in Figure 5- 1. You can also configure the IP Security (IPSec) interface, add static
routes, firewall, and HaloB from the Network menu.

Figure 5- 1 Network Menu

5.1 Configure Interfaces

The integrated gNB model includes Aurora243, Aurora249 and Stellar227.

 For Aurora243: Interfaces have eth and opt. eth is LAN interface by default and
opt is the WAN interface by default.

 For Aurora249: Interfaces have opt0_0, opt0_1 and opt1. opt0_0 is LAN interface
by default, opt0_1 is WAN interface by default, and opt1 is cascading interface by
default.

 For Stellar227: Interfaces have LAN, WAN, and SFP. LAN is LAN interface by
default, WAN/SFP is WAN interface by default.

By clicking “WAN/LAN Interface Exchange” to exchange WAN and LAN physical

interfaces each other.

The WAN interface is an external communication portal (Internet connection) between

the gNB’s Network Management System (NMS) and the core network. The gNB’s NMS
may be the Baicells Operation and Maintenance Center (OMC) or other NMS. The Wide
Area Network (WAN) interface supports the configuration of multiple Virtual Local Area
Networks (VLANs), which the gNBs can use.

From the Network > InterfaceSetting sub-menu, you configure the IP interface protocol
(IPv4 or IPv6) or VLANs based on the connection method needed for actual network

16
deployment.

The IPv4 interface protocol addressing types used are Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP) or Static, and the addressing types used for IPv6 interface protocol are
IPv6 Static and IPv6DHCP.

 DHCP – a network protocol automatically assigns IP addresses and other network

configuration parameters to the gNB.

 Static – when this addressing type is selected, a static IP address is a fixed,

permanent IP address assigned to a device or network node.

 IPv6 Static – a fixed IP address is manually assigned to a device or network node

and remains fixed unless explicitly changed.

 IPv6 DHCP – used to automatically assign IPv6 addresses and other configuration
parameters to devices on an IPv6 network.

All configured WAN and LAN interfaces display in the Interface List pane.

In the navigation column on the left, select “Network > Interface Setting” to enter the
WAN interface and VLAN configuration page.

 Interface configuration of Aurora243, as shown in Figure 5- 2.

Figure 5- 2 Interface Configuration – Aurora243

 Interface configuration of Aurora249, as shown in Figure 5- 3.

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 Figure 5- 3 Interface Configuration – Aurora249

 Interface configuration of Stellar227, as shown in Figure 5- 4.

Figure 5- 4 Interface Configuration – Stellar227

You can enable or disable the auto negotiation function.

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5.1.1 WAN/VLAN

1. In the Interface Setting pane, select “Physical Interface Name” from drop-down list,
the interface should be a WAN interface.

2. Click Add IP to pop up a dialogue box for adding WAN IP address, as shown in
Figure 5- 5.

Figure 5- 5 Add WAN IP Address

NOTE: For different IP Type, the input parameters for the WAN interface differ.

3. Input parameters of the WAN interface, as shown in Table 5- 1.

Table 5- 1 WAN Interface Parameter Description

Parameter Description
IP Type The interface protocol used by the WAN interface:
 DHCP: If DHCP is selected, set the Bearing Type and
VLAN ID.
 Static: If Static is selected, the IP address, gateway and
subnet mask should be configured.
 IPv6 DHCP: If DHCP is selected, set the Bearing Type and
VLAN ID.
 IPv6 Static: If Static is selected, the IP address, prefix
length, and gateway should be configured.
IP The field displays when “IP Type” is set to “Static” or “IPv6
Static”, the parameter displays.
IP address of the WAN interface.
Subnet Mask The field displays when “IP Type” is set to “Static”, the
parameter displays.
Subnet mask address of the IP address.
Prefix Length The field displays when “IP Type” is set to “IPv6 Static”, the
parameter displays.
The prefix length of the WAN interface.
Gateway The field displays when “IP Type” is set to “Static” or “IPv6
Static”, the parameter displays.
IP address of the default gateway.
VLAN ID The VLAN identity. Range is 2–4094.

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4. Click + at the right corner of VLAN ID filed to display VLAN configuration
parameters, as shown in Figure 5- 6.

Figure 5- 6 Add a VLAN

5. Input VLAN configuration parameters, as shown in Table 5- 2.

Table 5- 2 VLAN Parameter Description

Parameter Description
VLAN Name The VLAN name. Range is 1–13 characters (using upper-case
letters A–Z, lower-case letters a–z, and digits 0–9).
VLAN ID The VLAN identity. Range is 2–4094.

5.1.2 LAN

1. In the Interface Setting pane, select “Physical Interface Name” from drop-down list,
the interface should be a LAN interface.

2. Click Add IP to pop up a dialogue box for adding LAN IP address, as shown in
Figure 5- 7.

Figure 5- 7 Add a LAN IP Address

3. Input parameters of the LAN interface, as shown in Table 5- 3.

Table 5- 3 LAN Interface Parameter Description

Parameter Description
IP Type The interface protocol used by LAN interface. Supports
only Static.
IP IP address of the LAN interface.
Subnet Mask Subnet mask address of the IP address.

20
5.1.3 Default Route

A network configuration setting that specifies the path for outbound network traffic from
a local network to reach destinations outside of the local network.

1. In the Default Route pane, select the interface for the default route.

2. Enter DNS address in the DNS textbox.

3. Click to add this DNS to the DNS list.

5.2 Configure IPsec

The IPsec interface routes the control plane information between the gNB and the 5GC
Security Gateway (SeGW) in the network and provides security protocol in the network
layer to ensure message transmission safety.

The gNB disables the IPsec by default. Therefore, if the operator has deployed the
SeGW, the gNB needs to enable the IPSec function and establish a safe Virtual Private
Network (VPN) channel between itself and the SeGW.

Up to three IPsec tunnels are supported.

NOTE: When the IPsec setting is disabled, no configuration parameters are displayed. Enable to see
the parameters.

Select “Network > IPSec” to enter the IPsec configuration page, as shown in Figure
5- 8.

Figure 5- 8 Configure IPSec

21
After the IPSec function is enabled, you can configure the Soft USIM, IPSec Tunnel List
and Strong Swan.

5.2.1 Soft USIM

If “Soft Usim” is set to ON, following parameters display on this page, as shown in
Figure 5- 9.

Figure 5- 9 Soft SIM

The soft Usim parameters are shown in Table 5- 4. If disabled, the hard USIM will be
adopted. Disabled by default.

Table 5- 4 IPsec Function Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Authentication Select an authentication method.
Method  Unbound
 SN bound
 MAC bound
IMSI IMSI number.
Key Key of the IMSI.
OPC The operator’s code.

5.2.2 IPsec Tunnel

Notice the two types of setting you can configure: Basic Setting and Advance Setting.

 IPsc Tunnel – Basic Setting

Click to add an IPsec tunnel, as shown in Figure 5- 10.

NOTE: After an IPsec tunnel has been added, click in “IPsec Tunnel List” to edit the
IPsec tunnel.

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Figure 5- 10 IPsec Tunnel -Basic Setting

The description of basic parameters is shown in Table 5- 5.

Table 5- 5 IPsec Tunnel - Basic Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Enabled Enable or disable this IPsec tunnel.
Tunnel Name The tunnel name. (1–16 digit string)
LeftAuth CAUTION: Change not recommended!
Local authentication method of the IPsec server. Must be
consistent with the security gateway side. Options are:
 psk (default)
 pubkey
 eap-aka
RightAuth CAUTION: Change not recommended!
Peer authentication method of the IPsec. Must be consistent
with the security gateway side. Options are:
 psk (default)
 pubkey
 eap-aka
Gateway IP address of the IPSec server (security gateway). Ensure the
IP address input here matches the actual IP address on the
security gateway side.
Right Subnet IP address of the remote subnet (message within this address
range will be packed as a tunnel). Ensure input here matches
the security gateway side.
Right Id Peer ID (server). Ensure input here matches the security
gateway side. If absent from the security gateway, leave this
field empty as well.
Range is 0–64 digit string.
Left Identification of the client end (0-48 digits string). It must be
consistent with the security gateway side. If there is no
security gateway left identifier, leave this field empty.
SecretKey File name of private key. When the LeftAuth or RightAuth is
set to psk or eap-aka, the value is the password of
authentication.

23
 Parameter Description
Range is 0–64 digit string.
Right Secret Key File name of private key of peer, the value is the password of
authentication. Range is 0–64 digit string.

 IPsc Tunnel – Advanced Setting

CAUTION: It is highly recommended that for the Advanced Setting

fields you use the default values. Improper changes may lead to system
exception.

The Advanced Setting fields become particularly important to network

operations as areas become denser the users. The IPSec Tunnel List Advance
Setting fields you can configure are shown in Figure 5- 11.

Figure 5- 11 IPsec Tunnel -Advanced Setting

The description of advanced parameters is shown in Table 5- 6.

24
Table 5- 6 IPsec Tunnel -Advanced Parameter Description
Parameter Description
Left Id Identification of the client end. Ensure input here matches
the security gateway side. If absent from the security
gateway, leave this field empty as well.
Range is 0–64 digit string.
LeftCert If set “left Auth” to “pubkey”, the parameter needs to be set.
Certificate name. The Certificate name on this software
version is clientCert.derpsk.
LeftSourceIp Virtual address allocation assigned by the system.
If absent, use the local IP address.
Left Subnet IP address of the local subnet.
Fragmentation The fragmentation type, options are:
 Yes (default)
 Accept
 Force
 No
IKE Encryption Internet Key Exchange (IKE) encryption method. IKE is a
protocol used to ensure security for virtual private network (VPN)
negotiation and remote host or network access. Options are:
 aes128(default)
 aes256
 3des
IKE DH Group IKE Diffie-Hellman (DH) key computation, or exponential key
agreement, to be used between two entities. Options are:
 modp768
 modp1024(default)
 modp1536
 modp2048
 mop3072
 modp4096
 ecp256
 none
IKE Authentication Authentication algorithm. Options are:
 sha1 (default)
 sha1_160
 sha256_96
 sha256(default)
 sha384
ESP Encryption Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) – member of the IPsec
protocol suite that provides origin authenticity, integrity, and
confidentiality protection of packets. Options are:
 aes128 (default)
 aes256
 3des
ESP DH Group ESP Diffie-Hellman (DF) key computation, or exponential key
agreement, to be used between two entities. Options are:
 modp768
 modp1024 (default)
 modp1536
 modp2048
 modp4096
 none
ESP ESP Authentication algorithm. Options are:
Authentication  sha1 (default)
 sha1_160

25
 Parameter Description
 sha256_96
 sha256
Key Life IPsec Security Association renegotiation time. Format:
Seconds, Minutes, Hours, or Days. The default setting is 30
days. Ranges are:
 1–31536000 seconds
 1–525600 minutes
 1–8760 hours
 1–365 days
IKELifeTime IKE security association renegotiation time. Format: Seconds,
Minutes, Hours, or Days. The default setting is 30 days.
Ranges are:
 1–31536000 seconds
 1–525600 minutes
 1–8760 hours
 1–365 days
RekeyMargin Renegotiation time before the expiry of IKELifeTime (negotiate
the IKE security association time before the expiry of
IKELifeTime). Format: Seconds, Minutes, Hours, or Days. The
default setting is 5 minutes.
 1–31536000 seconds
 1–525600 minutes
 1–8760 hours
 1–365 days
Dpdaction DPD stands for dead peer detection (DPD) protocol.
Determines what action to take when a gateway exception
occurs.
 None
 Clear
 Hold
 Restart (default)
Dpddelay Time interval for sending the DPD detection message. Format:
Seconds, Minutes, or Days. The default setting is 30 days.
Ranges are:
 1–31536000 seconds
 1–525600 minutes
 1–8760 hours
 1–365 days
Rekey Enable or disable Rekey.
Right IKE Port The port number of right IKE.
Left Interface The interface on the gNB side.

5.2.3 Strong Swan

StrongSwan implements the IPSec protocol over a variety of platforms to provide strong
security. Use the Network > IPSec sub-menu to configure strong swan interface
connections, as shown in Figure 5- 12.

26
Figure 5- 12 Strong Swan Setting

Charon is the name of the IKE daemon used in the Strong Swan IPsec implementation.
Charon debug relates to configuring and analyzing the debug output generated by the
Charon IKE daemon during IPsec tunnel establishment and operation.

The debug output from Charon provides valuable information for troubleshooting and
diagnosing issues related to IPsec configuration, key exchange, authentication, and
encryption. By enabling Charon debug, you can obtain detailed logs that help identify
potential problems or misconfigurations in the IPsec setup. All the acceptable values for
the debug types and levels in the context of Strong Swan's Charon IKE are described in
Table 5- 7.

Table 5- 7 Strong Wan Parameter Description

Parameter Description
IKE Debug Level Debug messages related to IKE protocol, including key
exchange, negotiation, and authentication. Range is -1, 0, 1, 2,
3, or 4.
ESP Debug Level Debug messages related to ESP processing. Range is -1, 0, 1,
2, 3, or 4.
CFG Debug Level Debug messages related to the parsing and processing of
configuration (CFG) files.
Range is -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
KNL Debug Level Debug messages related to the kernel (KNL) interaction and
network stack.
Range is -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
MGR Debug Level Debug messages related to the configuration and management
of the StrongSwan daemon manager (MGR). Range is -1, 0, 1,
2, 3, or 4.
ASN Debug Level Debug messages related to Abstract Syntax Notation One
(ASN.1) encoding and decoding. Range is -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
CHD Debug Level Debug messages related to Child SA handling and rekeying.
Range is -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
LIB Debug Level Debug messages related to library (LIB) functions and
operations. Range is -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

27
 Parameter Description
Port Used to assign the port number. Range is 0–65535 integer.
Port NAT T Used to assign the Network Address Translation Traversal (NAT
T) port number. Range is 0–65535.
Retry Initiate Interval Used to set the retry initiate interval. Range is 0–65535 integer.
IPsec MTU stands for Maximum Transmission Unit, and it refers to the
MTU maximum size of a single network packet that can be
transmitted over a particular network interface without requiring
fragmentation. Specifying the correct MTU for the network can
help to improve data transmission efficiency. Range is 0–9600
integer.
IPsec MSS Modulation Segment Scheme (MSS). Range is 0–9600 integer.

5.3 Configure Static Routing

To add Static IP routing addresses and monitor their status. Existing routes display in
the Static Routing List pane. The system supports up to a maximum of four static routes.

1. In the navigation column on the left, select “Network > Static Routing” to enter
the static route configuration page, as shown in Figure 5- 13.

Figure 5- 13 Configure Static Routing

2. Click to display static route configuration parameters, as shown in Figure

5- 14.

Figure 5- 14 Configure Static Route

The gNB supports IPv4 and IPv6.

 When “IP Version” is set to “IPv4”, configuration parameters are shown in

Figure 5- 15.

28
 Figure 5- 15 Configure Static Route – IPv4

Input the configuration parameters of IPv4, which are given in Table 5- 8.

Table 5- 8 IPv4 Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Interface Name Interface Name
Destination Network The destination IP address.
NOTE: The target IP address must reachable from the original IP
address of WAN interface or VLAN source port.
Netmask The subnet mask of target IP address.
Gateway The gateway IP address of target IP address.

 When “IP Version” is set to “IPv6”, configuration parameters are shown in

Figure 5- 16.

Figure 5- 16 Configure Static Route – IPv6

Input the configuration parameters of IPv6, which are given in Table 5- 9.

29
 Table 5- 9 IPv6 Parameter Description
Parameter Description
Interface Name  Aurora243: The default interface is opt.
 Aurora249: The default interface is opt0_1.
Destination Network The destination IP address.
NOTE: The target IP address must reachable from the original IP
address of WAN interface or VLAN source port.
Prefix Length The IPv6 address’ prefix for the WAN interface.
Gateway The gateway IP address of target IP address.

After a static route is configured and saved, it will show in the static routing
list.

3. In the static routing list, select static routes and then click “Apply” to apply the
static routes.

5.4 Configure Firewall

A firewall is network security software on the gNB to protect the network from
unauthorized access, malicious activities, and potential threats. The firewall in a gNB
performs similar functions to traditional firewalls but with specific considerations for the
5G network architecture.

1. In the navigation column on the left, select “Network > Firewall” to enter the
firewall configuration page, as shown in Figure 5- 17.

Figure 5- 17 Configure Firewall

2. Click to display firewall configuration parameters, as shown in Figure 5- 18.

Figure 5- 18 Add a Firewall

30
3. Input the configuration parameters of firewall which are given in Table 5- 10.

Table 5- 10 Firewall Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Direction The direction of packets.
 INPUT
 OUTPUT
 FORWARD
Source The source IP address of the packets.
Target Built-in target rules:
 ACCEPT – Lets the packet through.
 DROP – Filters the packet by dropping it.
 REJECT – Filters the packet by rejecting it.
Prot The internet protocol used for the packets.
 TCP
 UDP
 ICMP
 SCTP
 ALL
Destination The destination IP address of the packets.

4. Click “OK” to add the firewall rule.

After a firewall is added, this firewall displays in the firewall list.

5.5 Configure HaloB

The HaloB function is used by operators who have a HaloB license for the gNB. First,
the HaloB license must be imported into the gNB, refer to “8.8 License”. There are two
HaloB licenses:

 FAP001: HaloB with centralized mode

 FAP002: HaloB with standalone mode

NOTE: The HaloB license also can be imported by the OMC.

HaloB is a proprietary technology with intellectual property rights. This technology is a

lightweight onboard core network solution for communications service providers that
integrates with gNBs, which sinks the basic functions of the 5GC into an gNB through
which users can directly access the Internet.

1. In the navigation column on the left, select “Network > HaloB” to enter the HaloB
configuration page, as shown in Figure 5- 19.

31
 Figure 5- 19 Configure HaloB

If HaloB is set to OFF, following parameters do not display.

2. Select whether enable the HaloB function.

ATTENTION: After the HaloB switch is modified, the gNB must be rebooted to
take effort.

3. Select the HaloB mode is Single mode or Centralized mode.

 Single mode: In the single mode, the client can maintain SIM Information
locally. The administrator needs to import registration information and APN
information from the LMT.

 Centralized mode: In the centralized mode, the gNB needs to connect to the
OMC which do as an agent to manage the subscription data.

4. Enter http://<OAM IP>:8082, and then go to the HaloB login page. as shown in
Figure 5- 20.

Figure 5- 20 Log in HaloB Configuration GUI

5. Enter admin as the Username, admin as the Password, and then click “Login” to
enter the HaloB homepage, as shown in Figure 5- 21.

32
 Figure 5- 21 HaloB GUI Homepage

In general, HaloB parameters are configured automatically. DO NOT recommend to

change the value of any parameters.

If any parameter is changed, reboot the gNB and check the cell status on the
homepage of the gNB’s GUI.

6. In the navigation column on the left, select “User Manager > User Setting” to
add subscribers, as shown in Figure 5- 22.

Figure 5- 22 Add Subscribers

33
7. Click “New” to add a subscriber, the parameter description of the subscriber are
shown in Table 5- 11.

Table 5- 11 Add a Subscriber

Parameter Description
INDEX User index, usually filled in auto, is automatically generated by
the system.
IMSI UE identification. This parameter is planned by the operator to
uniquely identify a UE and consists of fifteen digits.
UE UL AMBR (bps) The maximum downlink rate (in bits/s) for VoLTE type users,
ranging from 1 to 1000000000, defaults to 31400000.
UE DL AMBR (bps) The maximum uplink rate (in bits/s) for VoLTE type users,
ranging from 1 to 1000000000, defaults to 31400000.
USIM_AMF Authentication parameters, default to 8000
USIM Ki  The authentication key for VoLTE type users, with a
default value of
0011223344556778899AABBCCDDEEFF
 Authentication password for SIP registration of VoNR
type users
USIM_OPC VoLTE type user's OPc, default value
0001020304050708090A0B0C0D0E0F

For multiple subscribers, you can click Import to bulk add subscribers.

For more HaloB configuration information, refer to “HaloB User Guide”.

8. Enter http://<OAM IP>, go back the gNB GUI.

Subscribers display in Subscription Data List.

34
6. BTS Setting
The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) settings relate to management server, performance
management, synchronization with other network elements, and certificate store, as
shown in Figure 6- 1.

Figure 6- 1 BTS Setting Menu

6.1 Configure Management Server

For the Network Management System (NMS), an operator has the option to use the
Baicells Cloudcore OMC, a local OMC, or other their own management server.

After the NMS settings, you can login the NMS to check whether the gNBs have
been added or not. Once added, the gNB can be configured and managed on the
NMS.

1. In the left navigation column, select “BTS Setting > Management Server” as
shown in Figure 6- 2.

Figure 6- 2 Configure Network Management Server

NOTE: This software version does not support MR server.

35
2. Input the NMS parameters, which descriptions are given in Table 6- 1.

Table 6- 1 NMS Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Management The URL of the management server.
Server e.g. http://172.17.9.82:8080/smallcell/AcsService
When the NMS is cloud NMS, the domain name is also
supported.
Period The heartbeat period between the gNB and the NMS. Range is
from 1 to 65535.
Vendor The vendor that provides the NMS. Options are:
 ST
 CM
 CU
Auto Start Enable or disable auto start function.
CloudKey If you are using the Baicells CloudCore OMC for your NMS,
enter your unique operator CloudKey ID that you received from
Baicells. The CloudKey is used as part of the plug-and-play
aspect of the Baicells network elements. When you configure
your CloudKey number in the device GUI (gNB and CPE), the
first time the device is powered on it is automatically associated
to your OMC account.

3. If the gNB manages by the third party NMS to report MR information, type in the
MR server address

4. Click “Save” to complete the NMS configuration.

6.2 Configure Performance Management

Performance management involves continuous monitoring, optimizing, and analyzing
the network performance of the gNB to assess the health and performance of the 5G
network.

1. In the left navigation column, select “BTS Setting > Performance Management”
as shown in Figure 6- 3.

Figure 6- 3 Performance Management

36
2. Input the performance management parameters, which descriptions are given in
in Table 6- 2.

Table 6- 2 Performance Management Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Performance
Enable or disable the performance management.
Management
Alias Alternate name.
URL Configure the URL and port number of the local host.
UserName Set a username. Range is 0–256.
Password Set a password. Range is 0–256.
Periodic Upload A predefined time interval at which data or files are
Interval regularly uploaded to a destination.
Periodic Upload Time Uploads are scheduled at fixed time intervals.
Time format is yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssZ.
Replenish Enable or disable replenish.
Replenish Start Time The specific time at which the replenish begins.
Time format is yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssZ.
Replenish End Time The specific time at which the replenish ends.
Time format is yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssZ.

3. Click “Save” to complete the performance management configuration.

When you click on Save to retain the settings, a pop-up message displays
prompting you to reboot the gNB for the new settings to be applied. Click on OK.

6.3 Configure Synchronization

The 5G NR technology standards specify timing and synchronization requirements
between adjacent gNBs. Synchronized transmissions help gNBs avoid interfering with
one another, optimize bandwidth usage, and enhance network capacity.

The synchronization modes include:

 FREE_RUNNING – uses a crystal oscillator for synchronization.

 GNSS –GPS Pulse Per Second (PPS) time synchronization.

In the left navigation column, select “BTS Setting > Sync Setting” to enter the
synchronization configuration page, as shown in Figure 6- 4.

Figure 6- 4 Synchronization Mode Setting

37
 If “Mode” the parameter is set to “GNSS”, configure following parameters, as shown
in Figure 6- 5.

Figure 6- 5 Synchronization Mode - GNSS

a) Select sync source.

 GPS: Provides accurate position and timing information.

 GLONASS: Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) is a

satellite-based navigation system that provides time and frequency
synchronization.

 GALILEO: Galileo can provide precise time synchronization information

to ensure accurate coordination among network elements in 5G.

 BEIDOU: The Beidou Satellite Navigation System is a satellite

navigation system independently constructed and operated by China,
focusing on national security and economic and social development
needs. It is an important national space infrastructure that provides
global users with all-weather, all-time, high-precision positioning,
navigation, and timing services.

 QZSS: Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) a satellite-based

augmentation system that provides positioning and timing

38
 synchronization.

NOTE: The current number of satellites the GPS is tracking, as well as their signal
strength, displays when sync source GPS and GLONASS is selected.

b) Select whether enable forced synchronization.

c) Type in “PPS time offset”. Range is from 0 to 5,000,000ns.

d) Click “Save” to complete the synchronization setting.

When you click on Save to retain the settings, a pop-up message displays
prompting you to reboot the gNB for the new settings to be applied. Click on
OK.

After the GPS synchronization is successful, the current synchronization source,

GPS synchronization status, synchronization status, latitude, longitude, and
number of satellites are shown in this page.

 If “Mode” the parameter is set to “FREE_RUNNING”, no more parameters are

configured.

6.4 Certificate Store

If the gNB wants to achieve some functions which need some regulatory certificates,
this page supports to upload, view, export, or delete these certificates. When imported,
the files are stored in the gNB memory and shown in the License List pane

Attention: For IPsec private setting, only the *.der files need to be operated.

The *.bin files are generated automatically and do not need to be operated.

1. Select “BTS Setting > CertStore” to enter the certificate management page, as
shown in Figure 6- 6.

Figure 6- 6 Certificate Store

2. Select Certificate Type from the drop-down menu.

39
  IPSec CA Certs

 IPSec Equipment Certs

 IPSec Private Certs

 SAS CPI Certs

 SAS Client Key

 SAS Client Cert

 SAS Server CA

 TR069 Certs

3. Click “Select File” to import the certificate file to the gNB.

NOTE: You must manually refresh the page after you upload a license before it displays in
the License List pane .

40
7. NR Setting
The NR Setting menu is shown in Figure 7- 1. It contains several sub-menus related to
mobility as well as other radio-related settings. Many 5G NR parameters are important
for efficient wireless network operation. It’s a good idea to review all of the information in
this section to understand how the configuration settings relate.

Figure 7- 1 NR Setting Menu

In 5G networks, handovers refer to the process of transferring an ongoing

communication session from one gNB to another while maintaining seamless
connectivity for the devices. Here are some common 5G mobility scenarios and
handover types:

Intra-gNB Handover: This scenario involves a handover between different cells served
by the same gNB. It can occur when a device (CPE or UE) moves within the coverage
area of a gNB and switches from one cell to another. The handover process involves the
gNB initiating the handover and coordinating the transfer of the UE's connection to the
target cell.

Inter-gNB Handover: In this scenario, the handover occurs between cells served by
different gNBs. It happens when a device moves from the coverage area of one gNB to
another. The source gNB initiates the handover, and the target gNB takes over the
communication with the devices.

When setting up mobility, you have to establish the neighboring gNBs operating in the

41
same geographical area as the gNB that you are configuring. This information is
completed for each gNB so that the gNBs collectively work well with one another to
handle mobile users and balance the traffic load.

For each type of neighboring gNB, you first add the neighbor frequency settings via the
Cell Neigh Freq Table, and then you add the cell information associated with the
frequencies via the Cell Neigh Cell Table. You can configure the Cell Neigh Cell Table
for inter-frequency (between different frequencies) and intra-frequency (within the same
frequency) neighboring gNBs. For inter-frequency cells, you must add the neighbor
inter-frequency settings in the Cell Neigh Frequency Table before you try to add the
neighbor inter-frequency cell information. Conversely, if you need to delete a neighbor
inter-frequency record, you must first delete the neighbor inter-frequency cells
associated with it. For an intra-frequency neighbor cell, meaning a neighbor gNB
operates on the same frequency as the gNB you are configuring, you do not need to
configure the Cell Neigh Freq Table.

7.1 Configure LTE Neighbor Frequency and Cell

You can configure parameters related to how adjacent eNBs operating with LTE
technology work with the Baicells gNB you are configuring. You define for the Baicells
gNB how to deal with any neighboring LTE eNBs.

In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > LTE Freq/Cell” to enter the LTE
neighbor frequency and cell configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 2.

Figure 7- 2 LTE Neighbor Frequency/Cell Settings

Users can add, modify, and delete the LTE neighbor frequency and cell. Up to eight
LTE neighbor frequencies and 64 LTE neighbor cells can be set for one neighbor

42
frequency.

Input TReselectionNR, that is the cell reselection time. Range is from 0 to 7 integer.

7.1.1 EutraFREQ Measurement List

In the EutraFREQ Measurement List pane, click to enter the page for adding a
LTE measurement frequency. The parameter descriptions are given in Table 7- 1.

Table 7- 1 EutraFREQ Measurement Parameter Description

Parameter Description
EARFCN The frequency of the carrier wave. The range is 0 to
3279165(integer).
AllowdMeasBandWidt Allowed measurement bandwidth. Options are:
h  mbw6
 mbw15
 mbw25
 mbw50
 mbw75
 mbw100
PresAntennaPort1 The current antenna port. Range is 0 or 1.
Q_OffsetRange Indicates the difference in signal level between the serving
and neighboring gNBs, as determined by the received signal
level at the UE. If the received signal level is better from a
neighboring gNB by at least this amount of difference in dB,
the UE will reselect the other cell.
The range is -24 to +24. A typical value is 0dB.
WideBandRsrqMeas The RSRQ measurement of the bandwidth. Range is 0 or 1.
CellReselectionPriorit Priority of the cell reselection to cells at this frequency. Range
y is 0 to 7 (integer). A typical value is 4.
PLMN PLMN ID. Range is 5–6 digit.

7.1.2 EutraFREQ Reselection List

In the EutraFREQ Reselection List pane, click to enter the page for adding a
LTE reselection frequency, the parameter descriptions are given in Table 7- 2.

Table 7- 2 EutraFREQ Reselection Parameter Description

Parameter Description
EUTRACarrierARFC EARFCN stands for Evolved Universal Mobile
N Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access
(E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number. Used to
set the absolute radio frequency channel number of the
neighboring eNB’s frequency. Range is 0–65535
TReselectionEUTRA The cell reselection time. Range is 0 to 7.
CellReselectionPriorit Used to prioritize and determine the preference of neighboring
y eNBs during the cell reselection process. It assigns a priority
value to each neighboring eNB relative to the serving eNB,
indicating the order in which the device should consider and
potentially select those cells for handover. Range is 0 to 7. A
typical value is 4.

43
 Parameter Description
ThreshXHigh The reselection threshold for higher priority inter-band
frequency. This parameter defines a high threshold for signal
measurement reports during handover and cell reselection
processes. Range is 0 to 31dB. A typical value is 18 dB.
ThreshXLow The reselection threshold for lower priority inter-band frequency.
A parameter used to define a low threshold for signal
measurement reports during handover and cell reselection
processes Range is 0 to 31dB. A typical value is 13 dB.
QRxLevMin Represents the minimum signal strength required by the device
to maintain a stable connection with the serving gNB. Range is
from -70 to -22.
QQualMin Minimum Required Quality Level. Range is from -34 to -3.
PMaxEUTRA Maximum Transmit Power for E-UTRA is the maximum power
level at which a device can transmit signals to the gNB. Range
is -30 to 33 dBm. A typical value is 23 dBm.
ThreshXHighQ To define a high threshold for quality measurement reports
during handover and eNB reselection processes. Range is 0 to
31dB. A typical value is 18 dB.
AllowdMeasBandWid Allowed measurement bandwidth. Options are:
th  mbw6
 mbw15
 mbw25
 mbw50
 mbw75
 mbw100
PresAntennaPort1 The current antenna port. Range is 0 or 1.
BlackPhysCellIdStart The start number of the blacklisted PCI list. Range is 0–503.
BlackPhysCellIdRang The range of the blacklisted PCI list. Range is 0–13. You can
e disable using OFF.

7.1.3 Cell Neighbor List

A cell neighbor list shows neighboring cells maintained by a wireless network. The
purpose of the cell neighbor list is to provide information to the device about neighboring
cells that can be potentially used for handover or cell reselection.

The cell neighbor list includes information about neighboring cells, such as their PCIs,
frequencies, signal strengths, and other relevant parameters. This information allows
the device to measure and evaluate the quality and strength of signals from neighboring
cells, enabling it to make decisions regarding handover or cell reselection.

In the Cell Neigh List pane, click to enter the page for adding a LTE neighbor
cell, the parameter descriptions are given in Table 7- 3.

Table 7- 3 Cell Neigh List Parameter Description

Parameter Description
PLMNID The PLMN ID. Range is 5–6 digit.
CID Cell ID of the neighbor cell. Range 0–68719476735.
EUTRACarrierARFC Used to set the absolute radio frequency channel number of the
N neighboring eNB’s frequency. Range is 0–3279165.

44
 Parameter Description
Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) of the neighbor cell. Range is 0–
PhyCellID
503.
Frequency offset this neighbor cell. Indicates the difference in
signal level between the serving and this neighboring gNB, as
determined by the received signal level at the UE. If the
QOffset received signal level is better from a neighboring gNB by at
least this amount of difference in dB, the UE will reselect this
cell.
Range is +24 to -24. A typical value is 0dB.
Cell-specific Minimum Receive Level Offset adjusts the
minimum required receive level for neighboring cells during cell
QRxLevMinOffsetCell
selection processes triggered by periodic searches for high-
priority PLMNs. Range is from 1 to 8.
Cell minimum received signal quality offset. This parameter
QQualMinOffsetCell represents the cell’s minimum received signal quality offset.
Range is from 1 to 8.
Cell Individual Offset (CIO) is this neighbor gNB’s cell offset,
which is one of the variables used to determine which gNB will
CIO
best serve a given UE.
Range is +24 to -24. A typical value is 0dB.
Blacklisted Black list. Range is 0 or 1.
Tracking Area Code (TAC) of this neighbor cell. Range is from 0
TAC
to 16777215.
eNB Type eNB type in LTE network, either Macro or Micro.
The global identity of the E-UTRAN cell. Range is from 0 to
eNB ID
1048575.
No Remove Enable or disable no remove identity.

7.2 Configure NR Neighbor Frequency and Cell

In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting >NR Freq/Cell” to enter the NR
neighbor frequency and cell configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 3.

Figure 7- 3 NR Neighbor Frequency/Cell Settings

45
Users can add, modify, and delete the NR neighbor frequency and cell. Up to 8 NR
neighbor frequencies and 64 NR neighbor cells can be set for one neighbor
frequency.

7.2.1 IntraFREQ Measurement List

In the IntraFREQ Measurement List pane, click to enter the page for adding an
intra-frequency measurement, the parameter descriptions are given in Table 7- 4.

Table 7- 4 IntrFreq Measurement Parameter Description

Parameter Description
The Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) combination
SSBlocksConsolidation
threshold of Synchronization Signaling Block (SSB).
Rsrp
Range is from 0 to 127.
The Reference Signal Receiving Quality (RSRQ)
SSBlocksConsolidation
combination threshold of SSB.
Rsrq
Range is from 0 to 127.
The Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) combination
SSBlocksConsolidationS
threshold of SSB.
inr
Range is from 0 to 127.
This parameter indicates the signal quality of a cell in NR
NrofSSBlocksToAverage
measurement of SSB. Range is from 2 to 16.
RsrpOffsetSSB The SSB offset of RSRP. Range is from 0 to 30.
RsrqOffsetSSB The SSB offset of RSRQ. Range is from 0 to 30.
SinrOffsetSSB The SSB offset of SINR. Range is from 0 to 30.
RsrpOffsetCsiRs The CSI-RS offset of RSRP. Range is from 0 to 30.
RsrqOffsetCsiRs The CSI-RS offset of RSRQ. Range is from 0 to 30.
SinrOffsetCsiRs The CSI-RS offset of SINR. Range is from 0 to 30.
Bitmap Type Bitmap type. Options are 0, 1, 2.
Bitmap Bitmap. Range is from 0 to 18446744073709551615.
DeriveSSBIndexFromCe Indicates that the frame boundaries of all cells at that
ll frequency point are the same. Range is 0 or 1.
The time interval at which (SSB-based RRM Measurement
Timing Configuration) SMTC are scheduled and repeated.
 sf5
 sf10
Smtc Periodicity
 sf20
 sf40
 sf80
 sf160
Smtc Offset The offset of SMTC. Range is from 0 to 4.
Smtc Duration The duration time of SMTC.
PLMN PLMN ID

7.2.2 InterFREQ Measurement

In the InterFREQ Measurement List pane, click to enter the page for adding an
inter frequency measurement, the parameter descriptions are given in Table 7- 5.

46
Table 7- 5 InterFREQ Measurement Parameter Description
Parameter Description
Enable Enable or disable the inter frequency measurement function.
SSB Frequency The frequency of SSB. Range is from 0 to 3279165.
The frequency spacing between adjacent subcarriers in the
OFDM modulation scheme is used for data transmission. It
determines the granularity of resource allocation and the
data rate that can be achieved in each frequency bandwidth.
Options are:
Subcarrier Spacing  15kHz
 30kHz
 60kHz
 120kHz
 240kHz
This software version only supports 30kHz.
The time interval at which SMTC are scheduled and
repeated.
 sf5
 sf10
Smtc Periodicity
 sf20
 sf40
 sf80
 sf160
Smtc Offset The offset of SMTC. Range is from 0 to 9 integer.
The duration time of SMTC.
 sf1
 sf2
Smtc Duration
 sf3
 sf4
 sf5
The Reference Signal Receiving Power (RSRP) combination
SSBlocksConsolidation
threshold of Synchronization Signaling Block (SSB).
Rsrp
Range is from 0 to 127.
The Reference Signal Receiving Quality (RSRQ)
SSBlocksConsolidation
combination threshold of SSB.
Rsrq
Range is from 0 to 127.
The Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) combination
SSBlocksConsolidationS
threshold of SSB.
inr
Range is from 0 to 127.
This parameter indicates the signal quality of a cell in NR
NrofSSBlocksToAverage
measurement of SSB. Range is from 2 to 16.
RsrpOffsetSSB The SSB offset of RSRP. Range is from 0 to 30.
RsrqOffsetSSB The SSB offset of RSRQ. Range is from 0 to 30.
SinrOffsetSSB The SSB offset of SINR. Range is from 0 to 30.
RsrpOffsetCsiRs The CSI-RS offset of RSRP. Range is from 0 to 30.
RsrqOffsetCsiRs The CSI-RS offset of RSRQ. Range is from 0 to 30.
SinrOffsetCsiRs The CSI-RS offset of SINR. Range is from 0 to 30.
BitmapType Bitmap type. Range is 0, 1, 2.
Bitmap Bitmap. Range is from 0 to 18446744073709551615.
DeriveSSBIndexFromCe Whether the frame boundaries of all cells at this frequency
ll point are the same. Range is 0 or 1.
The indicator of NR frequency bandwidth. Range is from 0 to
FreqBandIndicatorNR
1024.
Offset To Point A The offset of Point A. Range is from 0 to 2199.
SSB Sub Carrier Offset The sub carrier offset of SSB. Range is from 0 to 31.

47
 Parameter Description
PLMN PLMN ID. Range is 5–6 digit.

7.2.3 InterFREQ Reselection List

In the InterFREQ Reselection Setting pane, click to enter the page for adding
an inter frequency reselection item, the parameter descriptions are given in Table
7- 5.

Table 7- 6 InterFREQ Reselection Parameter Description

Parameter Description
CarrierFreq The carrier frequency, range is from 0 to 3279165 (integer).
Refers to the number of SSB measurements that are
NrofSSBlocksToAverage averaged to determine the signal quality of a cell in the 5G
network. Range is 2 to 16.
ThresholdRSRP The RSRP threshold. Range is from 0 to 127.
ThresholdRSRQ The RSRQ threshold. Range is from 0 to 127.
ThresholdSINR The SINR threshold. Range is from 0 to 127.
The frequency spacing between adjacent subcarriers in the
OFDM modulation scheme is used for data transmission. It
determines the granularity of resource allocation and the
data rate that can be achieved in each frequency bandwidth.
Options are:
Subcarrier Spacing  15kHz
 30kHz
 60kHz
 120kHz
 240kHz
This software version only supports 30kHz.
DeriveSSBIndexFromCe Indicates that the frame boundaries of all cells at that
ll frequency point are the same. Range is 0 or 1.
QRxLevMin Represents the minimum signal strength required by the
device to maintain a stable connection with the serving gNB.
Range is from -70 to -22.
QQualMin The minimum received signal quality. Range is from -43 to
-12.
PMax The maximum transmit power that UEs in this cell are
allowed to use in the uplink. Range is -30 to 33 dBm. A
typical value is 23 dBm.
TReselectionNR The cell reselection time, range is from 0 to 7 integer.
ThreshXHighP Represents the cell reselection threshold for higher priority
inter-band frequencies.
When a CPE or UE needs to reselect a cell in a different
frequency band that has a higher reselection priority than the
serving cell. Range is 0 to 31dB. A typical value is 18 dB.
ThreshXLowP Represents the cell reselection threshold for lower priority
inter-band frequencies.
When a CPE or UE needs to reselect a cell in a different
frequency band that has a lower reselection priority than the
serving cell. Range is 0 to 31dB. A typical value is 13 dB.
ThreshXHighQ Represents the cell reselection threshold for higher priority
inter-band frequency.

48
 Parameter Description
Represents the access threshold level, at which the UE will
leave the serving cell and reselect another cell at the target
frequency (assuming the target frequency cell has a higher
reselection priority than the serving cell). Range is 0 to 31dB.
A typical value is 18 dB.
ThreshXLowQ The cell reselection threshold for lower priority inter-band
frequency.
Represents the access threshold level at which the UE will
leave the serving cell and reselect another cell at the target
frequency (assuming the target frequency cell has an
absolute priority lower than the serving cell). Range is 0 to
31dB. A typical value is 13 dB.
Cell Reselection Priority Priority of the cell reselection to cells at this frequency.
Range is 0 to 7 (integer). A typical value is 4.
Cell Reselection Sub Sub priority of the cell reselection to cells at this frequency.
Priority Range is 0 to 3 (integer). A typical value is 4.
Indicates the difference in signal level between the serving
and neighboring gNBs, as determined by the received signal
level at the UE. If the received signal level is better from a
QOffsetFreq
neighboring gNB by at least this amount of difference in dB,
the UE will reselect the other cell.
The range is -24 to +24. A typical value is 0dB.
BlackPhysCellIdStart The start number of the black PCI list. Range is 0–1007.
BlackPhysCellIdRange The range of the black PCI list. Range is 0–14.
The time interval at which SMTC are scheduled and
repeated.
 sf5
 sf10
Smtc Periodicity
 sf20
 sf40
 sf80
 sf160
Smtc Offset The offset of SMTC. Range is from 0 to 79 integer.
The duration time of SMTC.
 sf1
 sf2
Smtc Duration
 sf3
 sf4
 sf5
FreqBandIndicatorNR NR frequency indicator. Range is from 0 to 1024.

7.2.4 Cell Neighbor List

In the Cell Neigh List pane, click to enter the page for adding a neighbor cell,
the parameter descriptions are given in Table 7- 7.

Table 7- 7 Cell Neighbor Parameter Description

Parameter Description
PLMNID PLMN ID. Range is 5–6 digit.
NCI Unique identification number for the cell. Range is 1-

49
 Parameter Description
68719476735
SSB Absolute
The frequency of SSB. Range is from 0 to 3279165.
Frequency
The frequency spacing between adjacent subcarriers in the
OFDM modulation scheme is used for data transmission. It
determines the granularity of resource allocation and the
data rate that can be achieved in each frequency
bandwidth. Options are:
SSB Sub carrier  15kHz
Spacing
 30kHz
 60kHz
 120kHz
 240kHz
This software version only supports 30kHz.
Physical Cell Identifier (PCI) of the neighbor cell. Range is
PhyCellID
from 0 to 1007.
Frequency offset this neighbor cell. Indicates the difference
in signal level between the serving and this neighboring
gNB, as determined by the received signal level at the UE.
QOffset If the received signal level is better from a neighboring gNB
by at least this amount of difference in dB, the UE will
reselect this cell.
Range is +24 to -24. A typical value is 0dB.
Cell minimum received level offset. This parameter
represents the cell’s minimum received level offset. It is
QRxLevMinOffsetCell used only when the UE resides in the PLMN and cell
selection is triggered due to periodic searches for high-
priority PLMNS. Range is from 1 to 8.
Cell minimum received signal quality offset. This parameter
QQualMinOffsetCell represents the cell’s minimum received signal quality offset.
Range is from 1 to 8.
Cell Individual Offset (CIO) is this neighbor gNB’s cell
offset, which is one of the variables used to determine
CIO
which gNB will best serve a given UE.
Range is +24 to -24. A typical value is 0dB.
Blacklisted Enable or disable blacklist. Range is 0 or 1.
TAC TAC of this neighbor cell. Range is from 0 to 16777215.
No Remove Enable or disable no remove identity.
gNB ID Length The length of the gNB ID. Range is 22–32.
MOCN PLMN Switch Enable or disable MOCN.

7.3 Configure Mobility Parameter

The Mobility Parameter menu pertains to how roaming UE sessions are handled
between different gNBs in the same service area. When a UE is actively connected to a
gNB is referred to as the serving gNB or cell. The other gNBs in the area are referred to
as either neighbor or target gNBs or cells.

The process of a device moving from cell to cell and changing over from its serving gNB
to a neighbor (target) gNB is called handoff or handover. The UE exchange information
with its serving gNB to perform cell selection and reselection based on parameters

50
which you will set for each gNB. Refer to Figure 7- 4.

NOTE: The terms handoff and handover are used interchangeably in LTE.

Figure 7- 4 Handoff

What the UE measures that determine cell selection and reselection is the RSRP of the
serving as well as neighboring gNBs. The measurements are sent periodically to the
serving gNB, determining if an adjacent gNB would better serve the UE.

NOTE: The NR Setting > Mobility Parameter sub-menu settings described in this section are
configurations that represent standard NR deployments. Any modification to these settings should be
determined only by experienced wireless professionals.

To begin the mobility or roaming configuration, click “NR Setting > Mobility Parameter”.
A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, B1, and B2 thresholds are used in the handover decision event and
cell reselection procedures.

7.3.1 A1 Event Threshold

The A1 threshold is used to trigger handover when the received signal strength of the
target cell exceeds the serving cell's signal strength by a certain amount. It ensures that
the target cell provides a stronger signal for handover to occur. The A1 event is
triggered when the serving cell’s RSRP is better than the A1 threshold. The A1 event
can be used to turn off certain inter-cell measurements.

Trigger condition: Ms - Hys > Thresh

Cancellation Condition: Ms + Hys < Thresh

An explanation of the variables used in the formulas is as follows:

 Ms: The measurement results of the serving cell represent the RSRP of the
serving cell as perceived by the UE.

 Hys: The hysteresis parameter associated with the A1 event. Hysteresis is a

small offset value used to prevent frequent handovers or cell reselections due to

51
 small fluctuations in signal measurements. It ensures stability in the handover
process by introducing a margin.

 Thresh: The threshold parameter associated with the A1 event. It represents a

reference value determining the signal level at which the A1 event is triggered or
released. If the serving cell's RSRP is better than the A1 threshold, the A1 event
is triggered. Conversely, if the serving cell's RSRP exceeds the A1 threshold by
a margin of Hys, the A1 event is released.

By comparing the serving cell's RSRP with the A1 threshold, the A1 event allows for
control over inter-cell measurements and helps manage handover decisions in 5G
networks. The hysteresis parameter adds a buffer to avoid frequent toggling between
events due to small variations in signal measurements.

NOTE: The A1 threshold may vary depending on the specific network deployment scenario, cell
characteristics, and network operator preferences. Network operators optimize these thresholds to
provide efficient handover performance and improve the overall user experience in 5G networks.

In the A1 list, click to display A1 event configuration parameters, which are shown
in Table 7- 8.

Table 7- 8 A1 Event Threshold Parameter Description

Parameter Description
A1 Enable or disable the A1 event.
Threshold Trigger The trigger type of the A1 threshold, options are rsrp, rsrq, and
Type sinr.
The RSRP threshold value for triggering A1 event.
A1 Threshold RSRP
Range is from 0 to 127.
The RSRQ threshold value for triggering A1 event.
A1 Threshold RSRQ
Range is from 0 to 127.
The SINR threshold value for triggering A1 event.
A1 Threshold SINR
Range is from 0 to 127.
Enable or disable indicator of A1 event on leave.
It indicates whether the UE initializes the measurement
Report On leave
reporting process when cells in the Triggered List are in
leaving state.
This parameter Refers to the hysteresis (historical records) of
the handover measurement event. The value is used to avoid
the frequent triggering of cell handover evaluation due to the
fluctuation in wireless signals. This setting tells the UE, if you
Hysteresis hear another gNB with at least this amount of dB better,
initiate a handover. The lower the number the sooner the
handover is initiated. If set too low, it may cause the UE to
ping-pong between gNBs. Such events are tracked by the
gNB, but not by the gNB. Range is from 0 to 30dB.
Max Report Cells The maximum cells of reported. Range is from 0 to 8.
Measurement purpose. It indicates the usage of configuring
the A1 event.
Measure Purpose
 Inter-frequency measurement
 Inter-RAT EUTRA measurement
Report Amount The number of reports. Options are 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64.
MaxNrofRSIndexToRe The maximum number of RS measurement report. Range is
port from 1 to 32.

52
 Parameter Description
The report interval of A1 event triggering report. Options are
Report Interval 120, 240, 480, 640, 1024, 2048, 5120, 10240, 60000, 360000,
720000, 1800000.
The quantity of the measurement report including rsrp, rsrq,
Report Quantity
sinr.
Report Quantity RS The RS measurement report of the A1 event, including rsrp,
IDX rsrq, and sinr.
Trigger time. Options are 0, 40, 64, 80, 100, 128, 160, 256,
Time To Trigger
320, 480, 512, 640, 1024, 1280, 2560, 5120.
RS Type RS type, including ssb and csi-rs.
Include Beam
Enable or disable the beam measurement indicator.
Measurements
PLMN PLMN ID. Range is 5–6 digit.

7.3.2 A2 Event Threshold

The A2 event is triggered when the serving cell’s RSRP becomes worse than the A2
threshold. The A2 event in mobility management is typically used to trigger a mobility
event when a device moves toward the cell edge. A2 does not involve any neighbor cell
measurements. Therefore, it triggers a blind mobility procedure or initiates neighbor cell
measurements for a measurement-based mobility procedure.

1. In the A2 list, click to display A2 event configuration parameters.

2. Enter the values of the A2 event, which are the same as the A1 event, refer to
Table 7- 8.

3. After entering the parameters, click “OK” to save the settings.

7.3.3 A3 Event Threshold

The A3 event in mobility management is triggered when the signal quality of a neighbor
cell becomes better than the serving cell by a certain offset value. This offset value can
be positive or negative, depending on the specific configuration.

1. In the A3 list, click to display A3 event configuration parameters.

2. Enter the values of the A3 event, which are the same as the A1 event, refer to
Table 7- 8.

3. After entering the parameters, click “OK” to saved settings.

7.3.4 A4 Event Threshold

The A4 event in mobility management is triggered when the signal quality of a neighbor
cell becomes better than the serving cell by a relative threshold value. This event is
typically used for handover decisions based on coverage considerations, both within the

53
same frequency and across different frequencies.

1. In the A4 list, click to display A4 event configuration parameters.

2. Enter the values of the A4 event, which are the same as the A1 event, refer to
Table 7- 8.

3. After entering the parameters, click “OK” to saved settings.

7.3.5 A5 Event Threshold

The A5 event in mobility management is triggered when the serving cell's signal quality
falls below a specified threshold (Threshold 1) while a neighbor cell's signal quality
surpasses another specified threshold (Threshold 2). The A5 event is typically used to
control handovers at the cell edge, facilitating handover out of the serving cell and
handover into the neighbor cell.

1. In the A5 list, click to display A5 event configuration parameters.

2. Enter the values of the A5 event, which are the same as the A1 event, refer to
Table 7- 8.

3. After entering the parameters, click “OK” to saved settings.

7.3.6 B1 Event Threshold

Event B1 can be used for inter-RAT handover scenarios, which does not depend on the
coverage of the serving cell. In inter-RAT handover scenarios, the B1 event is triggered
when the serving cell's signal quality falls below a certain threshold, indicating a
deteriorating signal. This event allows the network to initiate measurements on
neighboring cells of a different RAT, such as LTE, to assess if better cells are available
for handover. The decision to perform an inter-RAT handover is typically based on
factors like the signal strength and coverage of the target cell in the other RAT.

Additionally, the B1 event can be leveraged for load balancing purposes, where the
network aims to distribute the traffic across different RATs or cells to optimize network
resource utilization.

In the B1 list, click to display B1 event configuration parameters, which are

shown in Table 7- 9.

Table 7- 9 B1 Event Threshold Parameter Description

Parameter Description
B1 Enable or disable the B1 event.
Threshold Trigger The trigger type of the B1 threshold, including rsrp, rsrq, and
Type sinr.
B1 Threshold1 EUTRA The RSRP threshold value for triggering B1 event.
RSRP Range is from 0 to 97.
B1 Threshold1 EUTRA The RSRQ threshold value for triggering B1 event.
RSRQ Range is from 0 to 34.

54
 Parameter Description
B1 Threshold1 EUTRA The SINR threshold value for triggering B1 event.
SINR Range is from 0 to 127.
Refers to the hysteresis (historical records) of the handover
measurement events. The value is used to avoid the frequent
triggering of cell handover evaluation due to the fluctuation in
wireless signals. This setting tells the CPE, if you hear another
Hysteresis
gNB with at least this amount of dB better, initiate a handover.
The lower the number the sooner the handover is initiated. If
set too low, it may cause the CPE to ping-pong between
gNBs. Range is 0–30 dB. The recommended value is 1 dB.
Max Report Cells The maximum cells of reported. Range is from 1 to 8.
Measurement purpose. It indicates the usage of configuring
the A1 event.
Measure Purpose
 Inter RAT EUTRA Data Measure
 Inter RAT EUTRA Voice Measure
Report Amount The number of reports. Options are 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64.
The report interval of B1 event triggering report. Options are
Report Interval 120, 240, 480, 640, 1024, 2048, 5120, 10240, 60000, 360000,
720000, 180000.
The quantity of the measurement report. Options are 0, 40, 64,
Time To Trigger 80, 100, 128, 160, 256, 320, 480, 512, 640, 1024, 1280, 2560,
5120.
The RS measurement report of the B1 event, including rsrp,
Report Quantity
rsrq, and sinr.
Report On leave Enable or disable the beam measurement indicator.
PLMN PLMN ID. Range is 5–6 digit.

7.3.7 B2 Event Threshold

The B2 event thresholds are specific to TD-SCDMA and GSM adjacent cells and do not
apply to adjacent LTE cells.

1. In the B2 list, click to display B2 event configuration parameters.

2. Enter the values of the B2 event, which are the same as the B1 event, refer to
Table 7- 9.

3. After entering the parameters, click “OK” to save the settings.

7.3.8 Period Measurement Parameter

1. In the Period Measure list, click to display period measurement configuration

parameters, which are shown in Table 7- 10.

Table 7- 10 Period Measurement Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Report Quantity The RS measurement report of the B1 event
 rsrp
 rsrq
 sinr

55
 Parameter Description
Max Report Cells The maximum reported cells. Range is from 1 to 8.
Report Interval The measurement event’s report interval. Options are 120,
240, 480, 640, 1024, 2048, 5120, 10240, 60000, 360000,
720000, 1800000.
Report Amount The measurement event’s report amount. Options are 0, 2, 4,
8, 16, 32, 64.

2. Click “OK” to complete the period measurement setting.

7.4 Configure Advanced Parameters

CAUTION: Many, if not all, of the Advanced settings should be left with their

default values. Any modifications should be determined only by experienced wireless

professionals.

This menu is primarily used to fine-tune the RF settings and to configure special
features.

On the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > Advanced” to enter the advanced
parameter configuration page.

7.4.1 CU

1. Click + in front of “CU” to show CU configuration parameters, as shown in Table

7- 11.

Table 7- 11 CU Parameter Description

Parameter Description
The timer is associated with RRC. When the gNB receives the
T300
RRCSetupRequest message, the timer starts.
The timer is associated with RRC. When the gNB receives the
T301
RRCReestabilshmentRequest message, the timer starts.
The timer is associated with RRC. When the gNB receives the
T304 RRC reconfiguration message with synchronization, the timer
starts.
The timer is associated with RRC. When the gNB receives
T310
out-of-sync message the timer starts.
The timer is associated with RRC. When the RRC
T311
reestablishment is triggered, the timer starts.
Maximum number of consecutive "out-of-sync" indications for
N310
the PCell received from lower layers.
Maximum number of consecutive "in-sync" indications for the
N311
PCell received from lower layers.
RRC timer. When the gNB receives the RRCResumeRequest
T319
message, the timer starts up.
F1AP Local IP The CU IP address in control plane of F1 interface.
F1U IP The CU IP address in user plane of F1 interface.

56
 Parameter Description
EgtPU Local IP The local CU IP address of the NG interface. Click to add
multiple IP addresses.
The peer AMF IP address of the NG interface. Click to add
AMF IP multiple IP addresses, including AMF IP, NGAP Local IP,
PLMN and Default.

2. Set multi network element, the parameter description is shown in Table 7- 12.

Table 7- 12 Multi Network Element Parameter Description

Parameter Description
NGAP Interface
NGAP binding interface. Select from the dropdown list.
Binding
NGU Interface
NGU binding interface. Select from the dropdown list.
Binding
tr069 Binding TR069 binding interface. Select from the dropdown list.

7.4.2 DU

DU is a component of the 5G RAN architecture responsible for handling the lower-layer

processing and functionality of the gNB.

Click + in front of “DU” to show DU configuration parameters, as shown in Table 7- 13.

Table 7- 13 DU Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Offset To Point A The offset to point A. The unit is RB. Range is from 0 to 2199.
SSB Sub Carrier
The offset of SSB sub carrier. Range is from 0 to 31.
Offset
SSB Sub carrier
The SSB sub carrier spacing. Range is from 0 to 4.
Spacing
Select TDD slot configuration
 7:3-2.5ms(DDDSUDDSUU)
TDD Slot  4:1-2.5ms(DDDSU)
Configuration  2:3-2.5ms(DSUUU)
 8:2-5ms(DDDDDDDSUU)
 6:4-5ms(DDDDDSUUUU)
Select TDD special slot configuration
TDD Special Slot
 SS6-4-4(6:4:4)
Configuration
 SS10-2-2(10:2:2)
Max DL HARQ The maximum number of downlink Hybrid Automatic Repeat
ReTX reQuest (HARQ) Retransmission (ReTX). Range is from 0 to 4.
DL LA Enable or disable Downlink AMC auto adaptive switch.
Max UL HARQ The maximum number of uplink HARQ retransmission. Range is
ReTX from 0 to 4.
UL LA Enable or disable the uplink AMC auto adaptive switch.
CSIRsReporting Enable or disable the CSI report switch.
DU F1AP Local IP The DU IP address in control plane of F1 interface.
DU F1U Local IP The DU IP address in user plane of F1 interface.
DU F1C Remote IP The Remote IP address in control plane of F1 interface.

57
7.4.3 SSB

Click + in front of “SSB” to show SSB configuration parameters, as shown in Table

7- 14.

Table 7- 14 PCI Range Parameter Description

Parameter Description
SSB mask. It is used to configure the number of SSB.
SSB Mask
Range is 8 digit integer.
The period of SSB. The unit is millisecond. Range is from 0
SSB Periodicity
to 5.
SSB Power The transmission power of SSB. Range is from -60 to 50.
SSBResourceReserved Enable or disable the reserved resource of SSB.
Radio Link Failure (RLF) maximum Discontinuous
RLF Trigger Max DTX
Transmission (DTX) received.
Received
Range is 0–65534.

7.4.4 RRC

When Radio Resource Control (RRC) inactive state is enabled, the UE is actively
connected to the network. However, when disabled, the UE is connected but not
actively transmitting or receiving data.

7.4.5 DRX

Discontinuous Reception (DRX) is a power-saving mechanism used in 5G. DRX allows

mobile devices to enter sleep or idle mode periodically, conserving power when no
immediate data transmission or reception is required.

Click + in front of “DRX” to show Discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration

parameters, as shown in Table 7- 15.

Table 7- 15 DRX Parameter Description

Parameter Description
DRX On Duration Timer The duration timer of DRX.
DRX Inactivity Timer The inactivity timer of DRX.
The number of symbols received in the downlink BWP transfer
block. The retransmission of the downlink process will be
DRX HarqRtt TimerDL
scheduled after this timer ending. The scheduling window is
within drX-RetransmissionTimerdl.
The number of symbols received in the uplink BWP transfer
block. The retransmission of the uplink process will be
DRX HarqRtt TimerUL scheduled after this timer ending. The scheduling window is
within drX-RetransmissionTimerUL. When the last symbol of
PUSCH is sent, the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL starts up.
DRX Retransmission
The downlink retransmission timer of DRX.
Timer DL
DRX Retransmission The uplink retransmission timer of DRX.

58
 Parameter Description
Timer UL
Long DRX Cycle Long DRX period.
Specify the start sub frame of the DRX period. Range is
DRX Start Offset
from 0 to 10239.
Short DRX Cycle Short DRX period.
The timer of DRX short period. Range is from 1 to 16.
 If the value is set to 1, it means 1 * ShortDRXCycle.
Short Cycle Timer
 If the value is set to 1, 2 * ShortDRXCycle
And so forth.
DRX Slot Offset DRX Slot offset. Range is from 0 to 31.

7.4.6 Voice

Voice over New Radio (VONR) refers to the capability of carrying voice calls over the
5G network using IP-based technologies. It enables voice services to be integrated into
the 5G infrastructure, providing enhanced voice quality, improved efficiency, and
advanced features.

Click + in front of “Voice” to show the voice configuration parameters, as shown in

Table 7- 16.

Table 7- 16 Voice Parameter Description

Parameter Description
VONR Enable or disable the voice over NR.
Force VoNR Enable or disable the force voice over NR.
Evolved Packet System (EPS) fallback type, includes five types:
 EPS Fallback Blind Red – device falls back blindly to lower
generation for voice service.
 EPS Fallback Meas Red – measuring certain parameters of the
EPS Fallback Type
target network (before initiating a fallback from LTE to a lower
generation network for voice services.
 EPS Fallback Meas HO – initiates handover to a different gNB
before falling back to a lower generation for voice service

7.4.7 GNB

To edit and configure basic gNB parameters like gNB ID length, gNB name and gNB ID,
click + in front of “GNB” to show the gNB configuration parameters, as shown in
Table 7- 17.

Table 7- 17 GNB Parameter Description

Parameter Description
GNB ID Length The length of GNB ID. Range is from 22 to 32 digit integer.
GNB ID The ID of the gNB.
GNB Name GNB name. Range is from 0 to 150 bytes.

59
7.4.8 Multi PLMN

1. Click + in front of “Multi PLMN” to show multi PLMN configuration parameters.

2. Select whether enable multi PLMN function.

7.4.9 Mobility Strategy

1. Click + in front of “Mobility Strategy” to show the mobility strategy configuration

parameter.

2. Set the NrToLtemigrateStgy (NR to LTE Mobility Strategy) as PS_MEAD_RED or

PS_MEAS_HO.

 PS Meas Red –determines whether to prioritize or modify Packet Switch (PS)

data service.

 PS Meas HO – initiates handover for PS data service.

7.4.10 CellDt

Click + in front of “CellDt” to show cell data trace configuration parameters, as

shown in Table 7- 18.

Table 7- 18 Cell Data Trace Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Switch Enable or disable the cell data trace function.
Type The type of the trace.
Value Value. Range is 0–65535.
Trace No Trace Number. Range is 0–99 characters.

7.5 Configure Security Algorithm

This menu pertains to the NR encryption algorithms used. The selection of ciphering
algorithm used to encrypt user data and ensure confidentiality during transmission
depend on the 5GC setup. 5G supports three ciphering and integrity protection
algorithms, known as the New Radio Encryption Algorithm (NEA) and the New Radio
Integrity Algorithm (NIA). NEA1 and NIA1 use the SNOW 3G cipher, NEA2 and NIA2
lean upon AES, and NEA3 and NIA3 rely on ZUC.

In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting >Security Algorithm” to enter the
security algorithm configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 5.

60
Figure 7- 5 Security Algorithm Setting

 Ciphering Algorithm

The parameter description for ciphering algorithm are shown in Table 7- 19.

Table 7- 19 Ciphering Algorithm Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Cipher NEA 1 Enable or disable SNOW algorithm.
Cipher NEA 2 Enable or disable AES algorithm.
Cipher NEA 3 Enable or disable ZUC algorithm.

 Integrity Algorithm

The parameter description of integrity algorithm are shown in Table 7- 20.

Table 7- 20 Integrity Algorithm Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Integrity NIA1 Enable or disable SNOW algorithm.
Integrity NIA2 Enable or disable AES algorithm.
Integrity NIA3 Enable or disable ZUC algorithm.

7.6 Configure SIB

System Information Block (SIB) in 5G NR plays a vital role in ensuring proper
communication and coordination for the UE and CPE to operate and access the 5G
network. SIBs contain various parameters and data elements necessary for the UE to
access and operate within the network.

The gNB supports SIB1 to SIB5.

 SIB1 – SIB1 is the master information block containing cell identity, selection,
and reselection.

61
  SIB2 – SIB2 provides detailed radio resource configuration information.

 SIB3 – SIB3 contains information about neighboring cells and their

characteristics.

 SIB4 – SIB4 has information about other NR frequencies and inter-frequency

neighboring cells relevant for cell re-selection.

 SIB5 – SIB5 has information about E-UTRA frequencies and E-UTRA

neighboring cells relevant for cell re-selection.

In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting >SIB” to enter the SIB configuration
page, as shown in Figure 7- 6.

Figure 7- 6 SIB Setting

 SIB1

The parameter description of SIB1 is shown in Table 7- 21.

Table 7- 21 SIB1 Parameter Description

Parameter Description
QRxLevMinSIB1 The minimum received level of SIB1. Range is from -70 to -
22 integer.
Qqualminoffset This parameter represents the gNB’s minimum received
signal quality offset. Range is 1 to 8.
QRxLevMinOffset This parameter represents the gNB’s minimum received
level offset.
Range is 1 to 8.

62
 Parameter Description
QQualMinSIB1 The minimum required quality level of SIB1. Range is -43 to
-12.

 SIB2

The parameter description of SIB2 is shown in Table 7- 22.

Table 7- 22 SIB2 Parameter Description

Parameter Description
SIB2 Enable or disable SIB2.
Qhyst This parameter will overestimate the signal strength of the
serving cell to delay the cell reselection. The default value
is 2. Range is from 0 to15.
This parameter will overestimate the signal strength of the
serving cell to delay the cell reselection.
QRxLevMinSIB2 The minimum received level of SIB2. Range is from -70 to -
22.
SIntraSearchP The threshold of intra frequency measurement. Range is
from 0 to 31.
TReselectionNR Cell reselection timer for NR. Range is from 0 to 7.
CellReselectionPriorit Priority of the cell reselection to cells at this frequency.
y Range is 0 to 7 (integer).
ThreshServingLowP This parameter indicates the threshold when the serving
frequency point moves to a lower priority inter-frequency or
an Inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT). For example,
when the UE moves to a lower priority inter-frequency or an
Inter-RAT
Range is from 0 to 31.
DeriveSSBIndexFrom Whether the frame boundaries of all cells at this frequency
Cell point are the same. Range is 0 or 1.
Value Tag The tag of SIB2 value. Range is from 0 to 31.

 SIB3

The parameter description of SIB3 is shown in Table 7- 23.

Table 7- 23 SIB3 Parameter Description

Parameter Description
SIB3 Enable or disable SIB3.
Value Tag The tag of SIB3 value. Range is from 0 to 31.

 SIB4

The parameter description of SIB4 is shown in Table 7- 24.

Table 7- 24 SIB4 Parameter Description

Parameter Description
SIB4 Enable or disable SIB4.
Value Tag The tag of SIB4 value. Range is from 0 to 31.

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 SIB5

The parameter description of SIB5 is shown in Table 7- 25.

Table 7- 25 SIB5 Parameter Description

Parameter Description
SIB5 Enable or disable SIB5.
Value Tag The tag of SIB5 value. Range is from 0 to 31.

7.7 Configure ANR

Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) is a feature or functionality that automatically
manages and optimizes neighbor-cell relationships.

1. In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting >ANR” to enter the Auto
Neighbor Relation (ANR) configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 7.

Figure 7- 7 ANR Settings

2. Input ANR parameters, the parameter description is shown in Table 7- 26.

Table 7- 26 ANR Parameter Description

Parameter Description
IntraFreq ANR Enable or disable the intra frequency ANR.
InterFreq ANR Enable or disable the inter frequency ANR.
Enable or disable the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio
EUTRAN ANR
Access Network (EUTRAN) ANR.
Bidirectional NR Cell Enable or disable the bidirectional NR cell.
Measurement Report (MR) trigger type: Event or Period.
MRTrigger Type  Event
 Period

64
 Parameter Description
ABS Enable or disable the Absolute (ABS).
Absolute Threshold Absolute threshold. Range is from 0 to 127.
Relative Threshold Relative threshold. Range is from 0 to 127.
KPI Period The period of KPI. Range is from 0 to 3279165.
Auto Adjust Enable or disable the auto adaptive function.
Auto Remove Enable or disable the auto removement function.
The period of auto removement. Range is from 0 to
Auto Remove Period
3279165.
The maximum cells of auto remove. Range is from 0 to
Auto Remove Max Cell
65535.
Expected PLMN Expected PLMN. Click + to add multiple PLMNs.

3. Click “Save” to complete the ANR setting.

7.8 Configure SAS

Bacells 5G gNB supports band n48, also known as the Citizens Broadband Radio
Service (CBRS) band is available only in the United States. The n48 CBRS band
operates within the frequency range of 3550 MHz to 3700MHz. It is part of the shared
spectrum in the CBRS band, which means it is available for use by authorized users
such as Incumbent, Priority Access License (PAL), and General Authorized Access
(GAA) in a variety of applications, including private LTE/5G networks, industrial IoT,
fixed wireless access, and more.

In the CBRS framework, the SAS acts as a dynamic spectrum coordinator that oversees
the allocation and usage of available frequencies within the 3550-3700 MHz range. The
SAS is responsible for managing the shared spectrum in the CBRS band and ensuring
efficient and interference-free operation among authorized users.

The CBRS SAS solution requires a working knowledge of SAS, preparation of

personnel and equipment, and coordinated configuration across device GUIs, the OMC,
and the selected SAS vendor’s portal. The following information provides a brief
overview only.

In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > SAS” to enter the SAS
configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 8.

65
Figure 7- 8 SAS Setting

First, set “SAS” the parameter.

 OFF

Disable the SAS function. The gNB works in normal mode. There is no other
parameters displays.

 Direct SAS

The gNB communicates with the SAS server directly.

 Domain Proxy

The gNB communicates with the SAS server through the OMC.

In the two SAS modes, configuration parameters are different, following will introduce
configuration steps separately.

7.8.1 SAS Preferred Setting

When the “SAS” is set to “Direct SAS” or “Domain Proxy”, the SAS preferred setting
parameters are shown in Figure 7- 9.

66
Figure 7- 9 SAS Preferred Setting

The parameter descriptions of the SAS preferred setting are given in Table 7- 27.

Table 7- 27 SAS Preferred Setting Parameters Description

Parameter Description
RF Enable or disable Radio Frequency (RF).
Wideband Mode Enable or disable wideband mode.
Registration Type Select Single-Step or Multi-Step method to register the gNB with
the SAS vendor.
Frequency Used to configure preferred frequencies, channel bandwidth, and
Selection Strategy power when SAS is enabled. After receiving channel availability
from SAS, the DP uses the frequency selection logic setting to
calculate CBRS channel selection based on the order of
importance identified. The default is Power, Bandwidth,
Frequency.
Preferred The preferred bandwidth for the gNB. Options are:
Bandwidth  10MHz
 20MHz
 30MHz
 40MHz
Preferred Power Used to set the preferred power for the gNB. The preferred power
is the total TX power (in dBm) being transmitted per carrier. The
power can be set to the maximum transmitting power supported
by the gNB in increments of 1 dBm.
For Aurora243, range is from 0 to 40 dBm.
For Aurora249, range is from 37 to 46 dBm.
SAS Auto Enable When the SAS is set to “Direct SAS”, this parameter displays.
Select the SAS registration method.
 ON: The SAS registration is initiated by the gNB
automatically.
 OFF: The SAS registration is initiated manually.
Preferred The central frequency of the cell.
Frequency Auto or choose one frequency from the drop-down list.

7.8.2 Install Parameter Configuration

Following introduces the install parameter configuration steps in “Multi-step” mode and

67
“Single-step” mode separately.

 If some information is stored in the SAS, set “SAS Registration Type” to “Multi-
step”, the installation parameters for multi-step mode are shown in Figure 7- 10.

Figure 7- 10 Install Parameters Configuration - Multi-step

The install parameter description of multi-step modes is given in Table 7- 28.

Table 7- 28 Installation Parameter Description - Multi-step

Parameter Description
Category The gNB type. A: Indoor or lower power CBRS device (CBSD) or
B: Outdoor or higher power CBSD. The main difference between
these categories is the power limit. The Aurora243/249 gNB is
Category B.
User ID Enter a user ID, which is provided by your SAS vendor and is
associated with this SAS enabled gNB. The range is 0–256
characters (using upper-case letters A–Z, lower-case letters a–z,
and digits 0–9).
fcc ID The gNB’s FCC certification number.
CallSign Optional: Parameter that is useful to identify the PAL license
under which the operator is deploying a CBSD. The parameter is
not necessary to configure for the GAA spectrum (3550–3700
MHz). The range is 0 to 256 characters (using upper-case letters
A–Z, lower-case letters a–z, and digits 0–9).
Antenna Gain Set the gNB’s antenna gain. Range: -5–30 dBi..

 If no gNB information is stored in SAS, set “SAS Registration Type” to “Single-

step”. Installation parameters, CPI information and CPI certificates should be
configured.

The installation parameters for single step mode are shown in Figure 7- 11.

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Figure 7- 11 Install Configuration Parameters - Single-Step

The parameter description of install parameter configuration in single-step mode

are given in Table 7- 29.

Table 7- 29 Installation Configuration Parameter Description – Single step

Parameter Description
Category The gNB type. A: Indoor or lower power CBRS device (CBSD)
or B: Outdoor or higher power CBSD. The main difference
between these categories is the power limit. The
Aurora243/249 gNB is Category B.
User ID Enter a user ID, which is provided by your SAS vendor and is
associated with this SAS enabled gNB. The range is 0–256
characters (using upper-case letters A–Z, lower-case letters
a–z, and digits 0–9).
fcc ID The gNB’s FCC certification number.
Deployment Select the gNB deployment location. Indoor or Outdoor
Location
CallSign Optional: Parameter that is useful to identify the PAL license
under which the operator is deploying a CBSD. The parameter
is not necessary to configure for the GAA spectrum (3550–
3700 MHz). The range is 0 to 256 characters (using upper-
case letters A–Z, lower-case letters a–z, and digits 0–9).
Latitude Latitude of the gNB’s location. Select Auto to autofill the
latitude based on GPS data; otherwise, enter the latitude.
Range: -90.000000 to 90.000000).
Longitude Longitude of the gNB’s location. Select Auto to autofill the
longitude based on GPS data; otherwise, enter the longitude.
Range: -180.000000 to 180.000000).
Height Enter the antenna height in meters.
When selecting CategoryA, Outdoor, and AGL, the range is
from 0 to 6 (integer);

69
 Parameter Description
In other situations, the range is from 0 to 8848 (integer).
Height Type Above Ground Level (AGL) or Above Mean Sea Level
(AMSL)can be selected.
Antenna Gain Set the gNB’s antenna gain. Range: -5–30 dBi..
Antenna Azimuth Enter the antenna azimuth, in degrees. Default is 180°.
Range: 0–359°.
Antenna Downtilt Enter the degrees of antenna down tilt. Default is 5°. Range: -
90°–90°.
Antenna Enter the degrees of antenna beamwidth. Default is 65°.
Beamwidth Range: 0–360°.
Antenna Model Enter the antenna model. The range is 0–128 characters.

CPI info pane displays only when Single -step registration type is selected, which is
shown in Figure 7- 12.

Figure 7- 12 CPI Information Certificate

The CPI information parameters are shown in Table 7- 30

Table 7- 30 CPI Information Parameter Description –Single step

Parameter Description
CPI ID Enter the Certified Professional Installer’s identification
number.
CPI Name Enter the Certified Professional Installer’s name. Use an
underscore to separate first and last names; you cannot use a
space in this field.
Installation Select Auto to enter the date and time of installation
Certification Time automatically:
yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssZ

7.8.3 Direct SAS Configuration

When the SAS” is set to “Direct SAS”, the direct SAS configuration parameters are
shown in Figure 7- 13.

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Figure 7- 13 Direct SAS Configuration

The descriptions of direct SAS configuration parameters are given in Table 7- 31.

Table 7- 31 Direct SAS Setting Parameters Description -

Parameter Description
SAS Status This field displays the SAS registered status, including
unregistered, registered, granted, authorized.
Click “Rest SAS Status” to update this filed.
SAS Server URL The URL of the SAS server. The URL is given by the SAS
vendor.
SAS Server CA The CA certificate of the SAS server. It must be imported in “6.4
Certificate Store” in advance.
SAS Client Key The key certificate of the SAS client. It must be imported in “6.4
Certificate Store” in advance.
SAS Client Cert The certificate of the SAS client. It must be imported in “6.4
Certificate Store” in advance.

7.9 Configure XN
The Xn interface is a key interface in the 5G network architecture that connects the gNB
with the 5GC. Xn enables communication and exchange of control plane and user plane
information between the gNB and the 5GC.

1. In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > XN” to enter the XN
configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 14.

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 Figure 7- 14 XN Settings

2. Type the Iocal IP address for XN application interface.

3. In the XN list, click to pop up the XN configuration parameters, as shown in

Figure 7- 15.

Figure 7- 15 Add XN

Input XN parameters, the parameter description is shown in Table 7- 32.

Table 7- 32 XN Parameter Description

Parameter Description
PLMN PLMN ID
Remote Address The remote IP address.
Xn Link Enable or disable the XN link.
Xn Ho Enable or disable the XN handover.

4. Click “OK” to add the IP address for XN interface.

5. In the XN black list, click to pop up the black configuration parameter, as

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 shown in Figure 7- 16.

Figure 7- 16 Add XN Black IP

6. Input the IP addresses of the black IP.

7. Click “OK” to add the IP address to the black list.

8. Click “Save” to complete the XN interface setting.

7.10 Configure PCI

PCI planning is one of the most important steps in 5G to avoid PCI conflict, where two
or more adjacent gNBs have the same PCI. The PCI is a unique identifier assigned to
each gNB within a network, and it is used to differentiate and communicate with
individual gNBs.

When multiple gNBs share the same PCI, it can lead to interference and disruptions in
the network. The UE and CPEs may have difficulty distinguishing between the
overlapping gNBs, resulting in degraded signal quality, reduced throughput, and
potential call drops or connection failures.

1. In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting >PCI” to enter the PCI
configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 17.

Figure 7- 17 PCI Setting

2. Select whether enable the PCI conflict detection function.

3. Click “Save” to complete the PCI setting.

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7.11 Configure PLMN
PLMN is a combination of Mobile Country Code (MCC) and Mobile Network Code
(MNC). The MCC identifies the country or geographic region, while the MNC identifies
the specific MNO within that country or region.

1. In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > PLMN” to enter the PLMN
configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 18.

Figure 7- 18 PLMN Setting

2. Click to display PLMN configuration parameters, as shown in Figure 7- 19.

Figure 7- 19 Add PLMN

3. Input parameters, which are shown in Table 7- 33.

Table 7- 33 PLMN Parameter Description

Parameter Description
The cell ID of the neighbor cell. Range is from 0 to 15
Cell ID
integer.
NR Cell Identity (NCI), assigned by the system
NCI
automatically.
TAC for where the gNB is located. The TAC is used to
TAC determine the range of the paging information. Range is
from 0 to 16,777,215.
RANAC RAN access point. Range is from 0 to 255 integer

3. Click “OK” to add the PLMN to the PLMN list.

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 Click Open/Folded to unfold or fold the PLMN list. After click Open, and then
click on the right of the window, the PLMN list shows, as Figure 7- 20.

Figure 7- 20 PLMN List

7.12 Configure BWP

Bandwidth parts (BWPs) are a 5G NR feature allowing flexible bandwidth configuration
in a 5G NR carrier. A BWP is a contiguous set of PRBs configured for data transmission
or reception. BWPs in the UL or DL direction can be of any size, up to the maximum
bandwidth supported by the 5G NR carrier.

BWPs support different data rates, different types of traffic, and different levels of QoS.
BWPs improve the performance of 5G NR in areas with high interference or low signal
strength.

The network operator can change the BWP dynamically as needed allowing the network
operator to optimize the bandwidth usage in the 5G NR network to meet the changing
demands of users.

1. Select “NR Setting > BWP” to enter the BWP configuration page, as shown in
Figure 7- 21.

Figure 7- 21 Configure BWP

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2. Input the BWP configuration parameters, as shown in Table 7- 34.

Table 7- 34 BWP Parameter Description

Parameter Descriptions
DlSchedulerStrateg Enable or disable downlink schedule strategy
y
UlSchedulerStrateg Enable or disable uplink schedule strategy
y
Rach Latency Enable or disable RACH latency optimization.
Optimization
Icmp Optimization Enable or disable ICMP optimization process
Process

Click on the right of the window, the DL/UL BWP list shows, as Figure 7- 22.

Figure 7- 22 DL/UL BWP List

NOTE: Take DL BWP group as an example.

3. Click “Save” to complete the BWP configuration.

7.13 Configure LGW

LGW needs to be configured when the user plane data of the gNB is directly unloaded
through the WAN port without passing through the core network.

The control plane data of the gNB is sent to the core network, and the user plane data is
sent to the local server through LGW.

1. Select “NR Setting > LGW” to enter the LGW configuration page, as shown in
Figure 7- 23.

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 Figure 7- 23 Configure LGW

2. Input the LGW configuration parameters, as shown in Table 7- 35.

Table 7- 35 LGW Parameter Description

Parameter Descriptions
LGW Enable or disable the LGW function. The default is enabled.
LGW Mode LGW mode. This version only NAT mode. In NAT m6de,
packages from internal network to external network need
NAT translation.
LGW Interface Select the binding interface from configured network
Binding interfaces.
IPv4 Enable or disable IPv4.
IPv4 Address If “IPv4” is set to “ON”, this parameter displays.
The LGW will assign a local IP address for the accessed UE
to manage the UEs, here configure the first IP address of the
IP pool.
Subnet Mask If “IPv4” s is set to “ON”, this parameter displays.
For example, if the first IP address is 10.10.10.1, and the
netmask is 255.255.254.0, the IP address pool includes 255
IP addresses.
IPv6 Enable or disable IPv6.
IPv6 Address If “IPv6” is set to “ON”, this parameter displays.
The LGW will assign a local IP address for the accessed UE
to manage the UEs, here configure the first IP address of the
IP pool.
Prefix length If “IPv6” s is set to “ON”, this parameter displays.
Prefix length

3. Click “Save” to complete the LGW configuration.

7.14 Configure CSI

Channel State Information (CSI) plays a vital role in optimizing the performance of the

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wireless communication system by providing accurate and timely information about the
channel conditions between the device and the gNB.

1. In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > CSI” to enter the Channel
State Information (CSI) configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 24.

Figure 7- 24 CSI Setting

2. Select “Csi Report Trigger Size (Number of Bits)” from the drop-down list.
Options are 0. The unit is bit, and “Frequency Domain Allocation Row Number”,
default is “row3”.

3. Click to display CSI configuration parameters, the configuration parameter

description is shown in Table 7- 36.

Table 7- 36 CSI Parameter Description

Parameter Description
CSI Report Periodicity CSI report period
Nr Subband Size NR sub-band size.
CSI Report Config The configuration type of the CSI report. This only
Type supports Periodic.
CSI Report Quantity CSI report quantity.
Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) format.
Freq Config Cqi
 widebandCQI
Format Ind
 subbandCQI
Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) format.
Freq Config Pmi
 widebandPMI
Format Ind
 subbandPMI
Codebook N1-N2  2TX Codebook Subset Restriction

3. Click “Save” to complete the CSI setting.

7.15 Configure PUSCH

PUSCH is used for transmitting user data from the device to the gNB. PUSCH uses
MCS to transmit the data efficiently.

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1. In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > PUSCH” to enter the PUSCH
page, as shown in Figure 7- 25.

Figure 7- 25 PUSCH Setting

2. Input PUSCH configuration parameters, which description is shown in Table 7- 37.

Table 7- 37 PUSCH Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Ul MCS Limit Range is from 0 to 28 integer.
Enable or disable the interference avoidance function.
 OFF
Interference Avoidance
 Static
 Dynamic
If “Interference Avoidance” is set to “Static”, this
Start RB parameter displays.
Start RB. Range is from 0 to 272.
If “Interference Avoidance” is set to “Static”, this
parameter displays.
End RB
End RB. The value must be greater than the value of
“Start RB”. Range is from 0 to 272.
LA Mode
LA Mode  BLER Based
 OLLA Based
CLPC PUSCH Enable or disable CLPC PUSCH

3. Click “Save” to complete the PUSCH setting.

7.16 Configure PDSCH

PDSCH carries user data and DCI that provides instruction to the device regarding
resource allocation.

1. In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > PDSCH” to enter the PDSCH
page, as shown in Figure 7- 26.

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 Figure 7- 26 PDSCH Setting

2. Input PDSCH configuration parameters, which description is shown in Table 7- 38.

Table 7- 38 PDSCH Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Power Control Enable or disable the power control function.
Power Control Value
The start value of power control. Range is from -6 to 6.
Start
Power Control Value
The end value of power control. Range is from -6 to 6.
End
DL MCS Limit The limit of downlink MCS. Range is from 0 to 28.
LA Mode. This version only supports BLER Based
LA Mode
mode.

3. Click “Save” to complete the PDSCH setting.

7.17 Configure PUCCH

PUCCH is used to carry Uplink Carrier Information (UCI).

1. In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > PUCCH” to enter the
PUCCH page, as shown in Figure 7- 27.

Figure 7- 27 PUCCH Setting

2. Input PUCCH configuration parameters, which description is shown in Table 7- 39.

Table 7- 39 PUCCH Parameter Description

Parameter Description
Enable or disable Closed Loop Power Control (CLPC)
Clpc PUCCH
PUCCH.
Enable or disable Clpc PUCCH Signal to Noise Ratio
Clpc PUCCH Sinr
(SINR).

3. Click “Save” to complete the PUCCH setting.

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7.18 Configure QoS
QoS refers to the set of performance characteristics and parameters that define the
level of service delivered to CPEs, UEs, and applications over the 5G network. QoS in
5G NR ensures the network can meet the diverse requirements of different services and
applications, catering to various use cases.

In the left navigation column, select “NR Setting > QOS” to enter the Quality of
Service (QoS) configuration page, as shown in Figure 7- 28.

Figure 7- 28 QoS Setting

7.18.1 QoS List

5G NR defines various QoS parameters that can be configured to ensure the desired
service quality. These parameters include data rate, latency, reliability, availability,
priority, and packet error rate.

In QoS List pane, click to display the QoS configuration parameters, which
description is shown in Table 7- 40.

Table 7- 40 QoS Parameter Description

Parameter Description
QOS Enable or disable the QoS function.
Data Radio Bearer (DRB) Mapping Index is used to
MappingDrbIndex establish mapping between devices and gNB. Range is 5 –
32.
5G QoS Indicator (5QI) is used to classify and differentiate
5QI the QoS levels for different types of traffic or services in
5G. Range is from 1 to 255. Each value represents a

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 Parameter Description
specific QoS profile or set of QoS parameters defined by
the operator.
Bearer type
 GBR – Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) guarantees
Type minimum bit rate for service.
 Non-GBR – does not provide a specific guaranteed bit
rate but allows for variable bit rates.
QoS Priority refers to the relative importance or precedence
Priority assigned to different data flows or services within a
network. Range is from 1 to 16.
MinBr Minimum bit rate
IsDefault Enable or disable whether the QoS is default or not.
UeInactivityTimerConifg The UE inactivity Timer.
PDCP t-reordering is the receiving timer used to detect loss
TReorderingPdcp of PDCP.
Range is from 0 to 35.
PDCP t-reordering is the receiving timer to detect loss of
TReorderingUE UE.
Range is from 0 to 35.
DiscardTimer Transmitter discard timer
StatusReportRequired Enable or disable report status.
PdcpSnSizeUl Uplink PDCP SN size.
PdcpSnSizeDl Downlink PDCP SN size.
Dscp DSCP
RlcMode RLC mode. UM or AM
The length of SN for downlink AM mode. Range is from 0 to
SnFieldLengthAmDl
255.
The length of SN for uplink AM mode. Range is from 0 to
SnFieldLengthAmUl
255.
The length of SN for downlink UM mode. Range is from 0 to
SnFieldLengthUmDl
255.
The length of SN for uplink UM mode. Range is from 0 to
SnFieldLengthUmUl
255.
UlConfig Uplink configuration. Options: 0, 1, 2
EnableRohc Enable or disable ROHC.
RohcProfile0x0001 ROHC profile.
RohcProfile0x0002 ROHC profile.
RohcProfile0x0006 ROHC profile.
PdcpDuplicationActivated (Reserved)
PrimaryPathDl Downlink primary path.
PrimaryPath Whether the path is primary.
UlDataSplitThreshold Uplink data split threshold.
DlDataSplitThreshold Downlink data split threshold.
AllowedIntegrityAlgo Allowed integrity algorithm.
LongDrxCycle Long DRX cycle.
ShortDrxCycle Short DRX cycle.
ShortDrxCycleTimer Short DRX cycle timer.
DrbInactivityTimerConfig DRB inactivity timer.

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7.18.2 SST List

Network slicing is a key feature in 5G that allows creating multiple virtual networks,
known as slices, on a shared physical infrastructure. Each network slice is designed to
cater to specific service requirements and use cases. The Slice Service Type (SST) is a
parameter used to classify and differentiate network slices based on their service
characteristics, service type, and requirements.

SST helps differentiate between slices dedicated to different service categories, such as
enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC),
and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC).

In the SST List pane, click to display the SST configuration parameters, which
description is shown in Table 7- 41.

Table 7- 41 SST Parameter Description

Parameter Description
SST type is a classification parameter associated with
network slices. Range is from 0 to 3.
SST  Sst value 1 – eMBB
 Sst value 2 – URLLC
 Sst value 3 – mMTC
Resource allocation type specifies the way in which the
scheduler allocates resource blocks for each
SstResourceType
transmission. Allocation Type 0 or 1, therefore the
range is 0 or 1.
MaxResourceReserved The maximum reserved resource. Range is 0 to 273.
MinResourceReserved The minimum reserved resource. Range is 0 to 273.

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8. Configure System Parameter
The System menu is shown in Figure 8- 1. It is used to configure Network Time Protocol
(NTP), set log levels reported, perform software upgrade/rollback, backup files and logs,
backup current configurations, update configurations or restore default configurations,
and perform diagnostics.

Figure 8- 1 System Menu

8.1 User Management

1. In the navigation column on the left, select “System > User Management” to
enter the user management page, as shown in Figure 8- 2.

Figure 8- 2 User Management

2. Click to pop up adding user dialog box, as shown in Figure 8- 3.

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 Figure 8- 3 Add a User

3. Input user name and password.

4. Click “OK” to complete the user management configuration.

8.2 Configure NTP

This menu is used to provide synchronized time-of-day to the gNB. If the NTP is used
by the gNB as an external clock source, up to five NTP servers are supported, where
one is for the master NTP service, and the others are for backup.

NOTE: All the servers must be consistent end-to-end.

1. In the navigation column on the left, select “System > NTP” to enter the NTP
setting page, as shown in Figure 8- 4.

Figure 8- 4 NTP Server Setting

The page shows the current date and time.

2. Input NTP server parameters, the parameter description is shown in Table 8- 1.

Table 8- 1 NTP Server Parameter Description

Parameter Description
NTP Enable or disable the NTP synchronization.

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 Parameter Description
Time Zone Set the Time Zone of the gNB located
Server 1 Domain name or IP address of the master NTP server. Must
be consistent with the other end.
Server 2 Domain name or IP address of the slave NTP server. Must
be consistent with the other end.
Server 3 Domain name or IP address of the slave NTP server. Must
be consistent with the other end.
Server 4 Domain name or IP address of the slave NTP server. Must
be consistent with the other end.
Server 5 Domain name or IP address of the slave NTP server. Must
be consistent with the other end.

3. Click “Save” to complete the NTP server configuration.

8.3 Configure Security

1. In the navigation column on the left, select “System > Security” to enter the
security setting page, as shown in Figure 8- 5.

Figure 8- 5 Security Setting

2. Input security parameters, the parameter description is shown in Table 8- 2.

Table 8- 2 Security Parameter Description

Parameter Description
SSH Enable or disable the SSH login. After the SSH is enabled,
the login address is https://<OAM IP>
Default is set to ON.
SYN Flood Enable or disable flood prevention.
Prevention
Password Min Minimum password length. Range is from 5 to 10.
Length
Login Failed Retries Maximum login failed retries. Range is from 5 to 10.
Inactivity Logout Inactivity logout timeout. Range is from 5 to 20 minutes.
Timeout
Number of Historical Number of historical password checks. Range is from 3 to
Password Checks 10.

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3. If need to set black password, type in, and then click to add.

4. Click “Save” to complete the security setting.

8.4 Configure Log

This menu is used to configure log settings for Layer 3 (L3) logs, Packet Data
Convergence Protocol (PDCP) logs, Media Access Control (MAC) logs, Radio Link
Control (RLC) logs, and OAM logs.

In the navigation column on the left, select “System > Log” to enter the log level
setting page, as shown in Figure 8- 6.

Figure 8- 6 Log Level Setting

The gNB supports the log level setting for Layer 3 (L3), Packet Data Convergence
Protocol (PDCP), Media Access Control (MAC) log, Radio Link Control (RLC) log and
OAM.

The following log levels are supported: FATAL, ERROR, INFO, BRIEF, DETAILED, and
DETAILED ALL.

 FATAL: This level is used to log critical errors that may lead to the termination of
the application or significant malfunctioning. It represents the highest level of
severity.

 ERROR: This level is used to log errors that may affect the normal operation of

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 the system but do not require immediate termination.

 WARNING: This level is used to record errors that may affect the normal
operation of the system and require attention.

 INFO: This level is used for logging informational messages that provide status
updates and general information about the system's operation.

 BRIEF: This level is a more detailed log level that provides additional
information beyond the basic information provided by the INFO level.

 DETAILED: This level provides even more detailed logs than the BRIEF level,
including extensive information about the system's operation, protocol
messages, and events.

 DETAILED ALL: This is the highest level of log verbosity and includes all
available information and logs related to the specified component.

8.5 Upgrade
When the preset version does not meet the actual need, the software version needs
to be updated the latest version. The gNB supports software version upgrade and
rollback.

Caution: The software version upgrade will reboot the gNB, resulting in service

interruption. Contact technical support before performing an upgrade.

8.5.1 Software Upgrade

1. In the navigation column on the left, select “System > Upgrade” to enter the
upgrade management page, as shown in Figure 8- 7.

Figure 8- 7 Software Upgrade

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2. The operator gets the software file of new version and save it in local computer.

3. Select whether to preserve the current settings.

4. Click “Select File” to select the software file to upload.

NOTE: The file type is *.EXT.

5. Check whether the software version is correct again and then click “Update
Now”.

6. In the pop-up window click “OK”.

CAUTION: The reboot action disrupts gNB service.

In the “Basic Setting > Basic Info” page, the upgraded version will be shown in
“Software Version".

8.5.2 Rollback

Only one rollback operation is allowed for each upgrade. Under the rollback permission
of the BBU, the software can roll back to the version before upgrade. After the rollback,
a new rollback will not be permitted until an upgrade has taken place. If the previous
version is “-”, there is no software version for rollback.

1. Click “System Rollback”.

2. In the pop-up window click “OK”.

CAUTION: The reboot action disrupts gNB service.

Wait for about three minutes, the base station will reboot completely. In the “Basic
Setting > Basic Info” page, the upgraded version will be shown in “Software
Version".

8.6 Backup
In the navigation column on the left, select “System > Backup” to enter the backup
page, as shown in Figure 8- 8.

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Figure 8- 8 System Backup

8.6.1 Backup Current Configuration

1. Click “Get Backup Files”.

2. In the pop-up download dialog box, select the file path to save the current
configuration file to the local computer.

8.6.2 Backup Log Files

1. Select the type of log files for backup. Multiple types are supported, such as CU,
DU, OAM, etc.

2. Click “Get Log Files”.

3. In the pop-up download dialog box, select the file path to save the log files to the
local computer.

8.6.3 Backup Crash Logs

1. Click “Get Crash Logs”.

2. In the pop-up download dialog box, select the file path to save the crash log files to
the local computer.

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8.6.4 Restore Default Configuration

CAUTION: The Restore Default Configuration action disrupts gNB service.

After the restore operation, the gNB will reboot immediately. Be careful to
operate the “Restore Default Configuration” restore. It will disrupt the
current service.

1. Click “Restore Default Configuration”.

2. In the pop-up download dialog box click “OK”, the base station will reboot
immediately.

Wait for about three minutes, the gNB will reboot completely.

8.6.5 Restore Calibration File

1. Click “Restore Calibration File”.

2. In the pop-up download dialog box click “OK”, the base station will reboot
immediately.

Wait for about three minutes, the gNB will reboot completely.

8.6.6 Import Configuration File

1. Click “Select File” to select the configuration file from the local computer.

2. Click “Upload” to import the configuration file.

3. Click “Import Configurations Files” to import the configuration file.

4. Reboot the gNB to make the configuration take effort.

8.7 Diagnostics
Diagnostics menu supports the setting for diagnostics, MTU detection, wireless
maintenance mode, and SFP detection.

8.7.1 Diagnostics

The gNB supports three types of network diagnosis methods.

 Ping: Ping command is used to check whether the network connection from the
gNB to the destination IP address is normal.

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 Tcpdump: tcpdump command is used to collect and analyze network data.

 Iperf: Iperf command is used to check the network performance.

In the navigation column on the left, select “System > Diagnostics” to enter the
diagnostics page, as shown in Figure 8- 9.

Figure 8- 9 Diagnostics

Following will introduce three diagnostics methods separately.

 “Method of Diagnostics” select “Ping”, the parameters show in Figure 8- 10.

Figure 8- 10 Diagnostics - ping

The parameter description of ping command is shown in Table 8- 3.

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 Table 8- 3 Parameter Description of Ping Command
Parameter Description
Ping Destination IP The IP address of the destination.
Ping Count The count of the packet. Range is from 1 to 65535.
Ping Interval(s) The ping interval. The unit is second. Range is from 1
to 600.
Ping Timeout(s) Timeout period. The unit is second. Range is from 1
to 10.
Ping Data Length The size of the packet. Range is from 0 to 65535.
Ping Batch Interval(s) The interval between batches. The unit is second.
Range is from 0 to 65535.
Ping Batch Count Total ping batch count. Range is from 1 to 65535.
Packet loss Alarm Threshold of ping loss alarm. Range is from 1 to 100.
Threshold(%)
Packet Delay Alarm Threshold of ping delay alarm. Range is from 1 to
Threshold(ms) 65535.

Click “Start” to start ping detection to view the ping results.

Click “Stop” to stop ping detection.

 “Method of Diagnostics” select “tcpdump”, the parameters show in Figure 8- 11.

Figure 8- 11 Diagnostics – tcpdump

The parameter description of tcpdump command is shown in Table 8- 4.

Table 8- 4 Parameter Description of tcpdump Command

Parameter Description
Command Tcpdump command
Size of captured packets The size of captured packets. Only 100M is supported.

Once you have started and stopped the Tcpdump diagnostics command, click “Get
File” to download the file to the local computer.

 “Method of Diagnostics” is set to “Iperf”, the parameters show in Figure 8- 12.

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 Figure 8- 12 Diagnostics – iperf

The parameter description of iperf command is shown in Table 8- 5.

Table 8- 5 Iperf Parameter Description of Diagnostics

Parameter Description
Mode Iperf Mode is set to Client or Server.
Protocol Protocols are UDP or TCP.
Bind IP IP Address bound with Iperf diagnostics.
Port Port used by Iperf diagnostics.
Destination IP Destination IP address used by Iperf diagnostics.
Test Duration(s) Test duration. The unit is second. Range is from 1 to
65535.
Buffer Length When “Mode” is set to “Server”, the parameter
displays.
Buffer length. Range is from 1 to 1500.
UDP Bandwidth (Mbps) When “Mode” is set to “Client” and “Port” is set to
“UDP”, the parameter displays.
UDP bandwith. Range is from 1 to 1000.
Message Length When “Mode” is set to “Client” and “Port” is set to
“UDP” or “TCP”, the parameter displays.
Message Length. Range is from 1 to 1500.
TCP Window When “Port” is set to “TCP”, the parameter displays.
TCP Window. Range is from 1 to 1000.

Click “Start” to run the iperf command, the following will display the diagnostics result.

8.7.2 MTU Detection

In the MTU detection zone, click + to display MTU detection parameters, as shown in
Figure 8- 13.

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Figure 8- 13 MTU Detection

Set MTU and MSS based on the actual network environment. The recommend value of
MTU is 1500 bytes. The recommend value of MSS is 1420 bytes.

8.7.3 Wireless Maintenance Mode

In the Wireless Maintenance Mode zone, click + to display wireless maintenance mode
parameter, as shown in Figure 8- 14.

Figure 8- 14 Wireless Maintenance Mode

Enable or disable wireless maintenance mode.

8.7.4 SFP Detection

In the SFP detection zone, click + to display SFP detection parameters, as shown in
Figure 8- 15.

Figure 8- 15 SFP Detection

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Click “Start Detection” to view the status of SFP interface, including SFP Module Type,
Optical Module Presence Status, Transcevier Temperature, Supply Voltage, TX Biasion
Current, TX Optical Output Power, and RX Optical Output Power.

8.8 License
The License Management menu may be used to import license files. After the gNB has
been deployed, the License must be imported to activate the gNB and access services.
Please contact Baicells technical support to acquire the License file.

If some optional features has to be applied, the License also should be applied and
imported. When imported, the files are stored in the gNB memory and shown in the
License List area of this window.

1. In the left navigation column, select “System > License” to enter the License
management page, as shown in Figure 8- 16.

Figure 8- 16 License Management

Remain Time Indicates the remaining days for the License. If 0 is displayed, apply
for a License and upload it to update it as soon as possible. Otherwise, the cell
cannot be activated or user access is restricted.

2. Click “Select File” to upload the license file to the gNB.

After the License file is uploaded, it will be shown in the License List.

8.9 Theme Setting

The GUI supports theme customization. You can select any of the following color
themes Classic Blue, Vitality Orange, Blackboard, Lavender, and Shrub for the GUI.
Click Save to complete the customization.

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In the left navigation column, select “System > Theme Setting” to enter the theme
management page, as shown in Figure 8- 17.

Figure 8- 17 Theme Setting

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Appendix A Terminology & Acronym

Acronym Full Name

AGL Above Ground Level
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
CBRS Citizen Broadband Radio Service
CBRD CBRS Service Device
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
CPI Certified Professional Installer
CSFB Circuit Switched Fallback
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DNS Domain Name System
DRX Discontinuous Reception
DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point
ECI E-UTRAN Cell Identity
EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
ESP Encapsulating Security Payload
EUTRA Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
GBR Guaranteed Bit Rate
GPS Global Positioning System
IKE Internet Key Exchange
IPsec Internet Protocol Security
MME Mobility Management Entity
NAS Non-Access Stratum
NTP Network Time Protocol
PAP Password Authentication Protocol
PCI Physical Cell Identifier
PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
PPPOE Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet
PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
PRB Physical Resource Block
PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
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PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
QoS Qulity of Service
RRC Radio Resource Control
RSRP Reference Signal Receiving Power
RSRQ Reference Signal Receiving Quality
RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
SAS Spectrum Access System
SFR Single Frequency Reuse
SIB System Information Block
SINR Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio
SON Self-Organized Network
SMTC SSB-based RRM Measurement Timing Configuration
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SRS Sounding Reference Signal
SSB Synchronization Signal and PBCH block
SSH Secure Shell
TAC Tracking Area Code

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