Scribd
Upload
87 views19 pages

Lec-5 Settlement of Pile Groups

This document discusses settlement of pile groups. It covers elastic settlement of pile groups using methods from Skepton, Vesic and Meyerhof using SPT and CPT tests. It also discusses consolidation settlement of pile groups using the imaginary footing/2:1 stress distribution method. Several examples are provided to calculate settlement.

Uploaded by

dereje werku
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
87 views19 pages

Lec-5 Settlement of Pile Groups

This document discusses settlement of pile groups. It covers elastic settlement of pile groups using methods from Skepton, Vesic and Meyerhof using SPT and CPT tests. It also discusses consolidation settlement of pile groups using the imaginary footing/2:1 stress distribution method. Several examples are provided to calculate settlement.

Uploaded by

dereje werku
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

2.

7 Settlement of Pile Groups


i. Elastic settlement of pile groups
➢ Settlement of a group pile, Sg(e), under a
similar working load increases with the width
of the group (Bg) and the center-to-center
spacing of the piles (s).
➢ Vesic (1960)
Bg
s g (e ) = .se
where
D
sg (e) = elastic settlement of group piles
Bg = width of group pile section
D = width or diameter of each pile in the group
Se = elastic settlement of each pile at comparable
working load (for this, you can see “elastic settlement of
piles” as discussed above in Lec-3)
Cont……
➢For granular materials(sand and gravel)
❖ 1. Skepton’s(1953):Driven pile for same load per pile
Cont……
❖2. Meyerhof(1959) : square pile groups driven
Cont……
❖ 3. Meyerhof(1976) : using SPT Test

0.96 q. Bg .I
S g (e ) (mm) =
N 60
where ,
q is in kN/m2 and Bg and Lg in m, and
L ( m)
I = 1−
8B g (m)
N60 =average standard penetration number seat of
settlement (=Bg deep below the tip of the pile)
Cont……
Fig 1. Settlement of group piles in sand (after
Meyerhof, 1961)
Cont……
❖4. Meyerhof(1976) : using CPT Test

Where,
qc=average cone penetration resistance within
the seat of settlement
Cont……
Example1: 3x4 pile group pre-stressed concrete piles, each 21m pile
driven into sand layers. The working load for the pile group is
6024KN, Qall=502KN. s/D=3,s=c/c spacing of piles, D=0.4m =
diameter of pile. Determine the elastic settlement of pile group if
individual settlement of pile is 19mm.
a) Using Skepton ,Ans=89.62mm
b) Vesic
c) Decide
Ans: 50.27mm(Vesic)
Cont……
ii. Consolidation settlement of group piles
▪ The consolidation settlement of a group pile in clay can
be determined by using the 2:1 stress distribution
method/imaginary footing method.
N.B :
➢Block action of groups may stress far deeper than any
pile in the group
➢greater settlements than single!
Cont……

Imaginary Footing Method/2:1 Stress Distribution Method


➢ Replace pile group with an imaginary footing; then use
analysis methods discussed.
➢Friction piles: place imaginary footing at two-thirds
depth (0.67L)=(2/3)L
➢End bearing piles: place imaginary footing at pile tip
elevation (at L)
➢When both skin friction and end bearing resistance is
available, place it some where in between
Cont……
▪ The calculation involves the following steps
(see fig 2 and 3 below)
1. Let the depth of embedment of the group piles be
L which is subjected to a total load of Qg.
2. Assume that the load Qg, is transmitted to the soil
beginning at a depth of (2/3)L from the top of the
pile, as shown in the fig 3. The load Qg spreads out
along the two vertical lines to one horizontal line
from this depth (2:1 lines)/replace pile group with
an imaginary footing
Cont……
Fig 2: Stress distribution (2:1)
Cont……
Fig 3. Consolidation settlement of group piles
Cont……
3. Calculate the increase in effective stress caused at
the middle of each soil layer by the load, Qg. . The
formula is
Qg
 i =
(Bg + zi )(Lg + zi )
Where,
 i = increase in effective stress at the middle of
layer i
Lg,Bg = length and width, respectively of the
planned group piles
zi = distance from z=0 to the middle of the clay layer i
Cont……
4. Calculate the consolidation settlement of each layer caused
by the increased stress. The formula is

 Cc .H i   o (i ) +  i 
sc(i ) =   log 

1 + eo(i )    o (i ) 
Where,
sc (i ) = consolidation settlement of layer i
Cc = compression index of ith layer of soil
Hi = thickness of layer i
eo (i ) = initial voids ratio of soil layer i (before construction)
 o (i ) = effective stress at the middle of the layer i
Cont……

5. The total consolidation settlement of the


group piles is then
sc( g ) =  sc(i )

Note: Consolidation of piles initiated by


➢ Fills placed near by
➢ Adjacent floor loads
➢ Lowering of water table
Cont……
Example 2 : Do at least three examples from
from reference No-3
Example 2 Das
Example2 2
References:
1. Lecture-19 Pile Foundation, Kousik Deb, IIT
Kharagpur
2. Pile Foundation Chapter 1, AMU-2012
3. Principles of Foundation Engineering, B.M Das,
7th Edition

19

You might also like