‘Agar medium consists of 1-1.5% (w/v) agar, and isa liquid nei on "s solid and forms a _ 'm gel layer The correct answer is ‘alse Selective media use the biochemical characteristics of a microorganism growing in the presence of specific nutrients or indicators such as Phenolred.— this stands for differential medium Select one: True x False ‘The correct answer i ‘False Heating wgsinot ysed during preparation of liquid culture media because the nutrient broth powder degrades at high temperature. Select one: it was used for both True agar and NB False The sterility testing of the prepared agar media requires incubating the plates at 37°C for 18-24 hous, Select one: Tew False The correct answeris ‘rue’‘An aseptic manner can be carried out by tun 19 on the Bunsen burner and wearing face mask. Select one: Tue v False ‘The correct answer is “True” In our lab, Mueller-Hinton Media was used to prepare both the agar and the broth. Select one: true ¥ False ‘The correct answer is "True The suitable temperature to prepare plates is 45°C. Select one: True * to prepare deeps or pours False ‘The culture medium may contain amino acids such as nitrogen, Select one: True False ‘The correct answer is ‘False flood agar is an enviched medium in which nuttitionaly ich whole blood supplements the basic nutrients Select one: Tue False “The correct answer is True’ ‘Vitamins are from the ingredients that may be added to the medium in order to prevent growth of some microorganisms. Select one: True % FalseGram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the gram-staining method of bacterial differentiation, Select one: True v False The correct answer is True’ HE Urease enzyme reacts with its substrate inside the cell. Select one: tan it's an example of endoenzymes True v False The correct answer is ‘True’. error decolorization, the gram-positive cell remains purple in color, whereas the gram-negative cell loses the purple color Select one’ Tue v False ‘The correct answer is ‘True’ PWesram positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer and no outer lipid membrane. Select one: True w False The correct answer is ‘True’.WE Over decotorizing will lead to an erroneous result where gram-positive cells may stain red. Select one: because it will disolve True it's cell wall False The correct answer is ‘True’ * lodine solution acts as a mordant, or an agent that fixes crystal violet into the bacterial cell. Select one: True v False The correct answer is ‘True’. MeThe time and content of decolorization is a critical step in gram staining. Select one: True w False The correct answer is ‘True’. BE Bacteria appear in v ions of three major arrangements : the rod (bacillus), the sphere (coccus) and the spiral ‘type. shapes not arrangments Select one: True x arrangments are: *singlet False “doublet *beads “clusters The correct answer is ‘False’: Teichoic acids are found within the cell wall of most Gram-negative bacteria. Select one: it's found in G+ve cell walls and it's True responsible for the negative charge of False w the cell surface The correct answer is ‘False’. 25% ethanol used as decolorizer in Gram stain procedure, It removes the violet stain from Gram negative cells. 95% Select one True HL The correct answer is False" In the figure, the plate which was surface- inoculated from a diluted bacterial suspension (with the highest dilution factor), is #---: 7 1 2 2 ea 3 ve bo ce 2 highest DF = lowest conc. The correct answer is: 3The McFarland standards represent a specific degree of turbidity. What is the degree of turbidity used for? a. To visually standardize the level of antimicrobial resistance b. To visually standardize the pH of bacterial cultures » c. Tovisually standardize the v concentration of bacterial cultures d. All of the choices are correct The correct answer is: To visually standardize the concentration of bacterial cultures Which of the following is/are correct, regarding smear preparation? =a. Oa All of the choices are correct The smear is fixed with heat by passing the slide several times over Bunsen burner Before heat fixation, the water of bacterial sample on slide should be evaporated A thin smear is suitable for examining bacteria The correct answer is: All of the choices are correctCalculate the bacterial concentration is/mL) in test tube number 2: footer — original conc. = DF * NEW cone. (after a = f% Cy dilution) eeé so,, New conc. = original / DF Initial bacterial suspension 3*10"° cells/mL DFI=9 a. 3.31010 DF2= 8/3 DFtotal = 24 ~ b. 1.25*10%>initial conc. / DFtotel = 0.125 “10” © 1.254101 35 a9? d. 3.3410? The correct answer Is: 1.25*10° Regarding preparation of culture media, which of the following statements is correct? a. General-purpose growth media can Solid or liquid be only solid media b. Bunsen burner was used in order to maintain aseptic condition during liquefaction of agar during pouring c. Agar media cannot be sterilized ran be using an autoclave; because agar suffers from decomposition at high temperatures « d. You can test sterility of the 4 prepared agar media by incubating the dishes at 37°C for 21 hours. Any growth indicates a contaminationRegarding preparation of culture media, which of the following statements is correct? Agar is a liquid media that has a__ solid porous structure (n broth preparation, we should keep shaking the flask to prevent charring of the precipitated powder while heating in agar not broth EMB agar will prevent the v growth of some types of bacteria and allow the growth of others Agar's deeps will be the best environment for aerobic bacteria because of its higher 02 content Which of the following is/are correct, regarding agar: All of the choices are correct liquefies at > 90°C. ~ is a monosaccharide derived from ted algae. is degraded by bacteria. solidifies at 45-55°C.Regarding preparation of culture medi: which of the following statements is correct? liquid as it Nutrient broth medium is liquid at_ doesn't contain 37°C agar Thermal death time for all microorganisms and hardy spore- formers is 15 minutes For medium contains 0.5% mannitol + phenol red: Staphylococcus aureus can ferment phenol red and change ferment c mannitol its color to yellow due to formation of acidic products Assume that 0.5% mannitol + = phenol red were incorporated in a medium. If the color of that medium changed from yellow to red, this is an indication of color from red to presence of Staphylococcus yellow epidermidis staph. aureus In the figure, the bacteria — which are violet in color - are: grees Bao Gram -ve bacilli None of the choices Is correct Gram +ve cocci Gram +ve bacilli Gram -ve cocciAll of the following methods are used to count all the bacterial cells (living and dead) in a sample, except: Microscopic count x a. b. Coulter counter method 9 Turbidity Method indirect viable method, used d. Membrane filtration method L£-——> only for living cells The correct answer is: Membrane filtration method Concerning the original concentration of bacteria; calculate the dilution factor in test tube number 2: SYS EI EI DF1 = (1+8)/1=9 voruse a DF2 = (3+5)/3 = 8/3 DFtotat = DF1 * DF2 =24 a. 2.33 b. 56 . 9 d. 1.67 “ee 24 vv The correct answer is: 24Which of the following statements regarding the red microorganisms in the figure is correct: v The cell wall of the microorganism shown contains high amounts of lipids which are dissolved during the gram stain procedure. Because it's G-ve None of choices is correct The shape of the microorganism is spiral (spirochetes) All of the following are considered minimal count methods except: a. Direct plate count « b. Automated count v c. None of the choices d. Filter membrane method e. Viable countRegarding the wire loop, A loopful contains 0.001 mL. a. False « b. True v ‘A specimen from a patient was analyzed to count the bacteria; 1 ml sample was serially diluted using test tubes containing 9 ml normal saline. In each step, 1 ml was transferred. Then 1 mL from each tube was cultured using the surface inoculation method and the plates were incubated for 24 hr at 37°C, as shown in the figure. DF1 = (1+9)/1 = 10 Calculate the concentration (CFU/mL) of the _Serially diluted means each DF is the same original bacterial suspension. in each step WW? DF4 «10° | | | | | Test tube #5 is SI so discard it and take #4 & gs @ & © conc. = (Bacterial count * DF) / Volume 4 conc. = (32*10) /1 Hint:the last 2 plates contain32CFUs&4 = 32 * 10° CFU/ml CFUs, respectively. © a. 32x104 CFU/mL v b. 4x08 CFU/mL c. 32x10° CFU/mL 2 32X10° CFU/mL 4X10° CFU /mL 2The decolorizer is_______in the Gram stain procedure and it will remove the stain (if used properly within 10 seconds) in Gram Bacteria: » a. 95% Alcohol; negative v b. Gram's iodine; positive c. 95% Alcohol; negative and positive d. Gram’s iodine; negative and positive If we obtained 35 colonies on the agar plate after performing the surface inoculation original conc. = (#of colonies * DF) / Volume ‘method in our lab procedure. What is the + original bacterial concentration, knowing Cone. = (35 * 10) / 0.1 (volume used in our Lab) that you have a dilution factor of 1072 5 conc. = 35*10, 3.5*107 CFU/mL =3.5*10 a b. None of the choices is correct + © 3.58109 CFU/mL ¥ 4. 3.5*108 cFU/mL e. 3.5 CFU/mL The correct answer is: 3.5*109 CFU/mL. 51 colonies grew on nutrient agar from 0.3 ml of undiluted sample in direct plate count. Hen any CRUE ae rise original conc.= #of colonies/ volume eeeed **note that no dilution has done, so = no DF - b. 170 Y 51/0.3 = 170 CFU/mt ©. 150 d. 100 The correct answer Is: 170A student prepared a bacterial suspension by comparing its turbidity to the turbidity of McFarland standard number .... After matching the turbidity of the two test tubes, he took 0.25 mL of this bacterial sample and added to 49.75 mL of nutrient broth. The final bacterial suspension concentration was 6*10° cells/mL. The student used McFarland standard number: The correct answer is: 4 At one time point used to construct your bacterial growth curve; you took 0.1 ml from original sample and added it to 9.9 ml sterile saline. After repeating this step once (again you took 0.1 mL from diluted tube and added it to 9.9 mL sterile saline), you plate 2 mL and get a total of 84 colonies. What's the CFU/ml of the original sample? a. 8.4104 * b. 4.2*10° x ce. 4.2*105 4. 42"04 e. 8,4*105 The correct answer is: 4.208 —_o (#of colonies * DF)/volume on agar surface DF= (0.25+49.75) / 0.25 = 200 6. final bacterial conc= 6*10 in the second test tube original conc.= DF * NEW conc. 0 * 6*10° 200 *108 2 *10® so, the McFarland standard equalls the number of conc. or density /3 12/3=4 DF1 = (0.1+9.9) /.0.1 = 100 DF2 = (0.1+9.9) / 0.1 = 100 DF total = 100 * 100 = 10° original conc. = (84 *I0') /2 =42 “0 5 = 4.210 Alshare3