QTZ63(5013)Top Kit Tower Crane

Operating Instruction

Tavol Cranes
Please carefully read the operation instruction manual before installation
 说 明 To User

本公司保留在无预先通知的情况下对产品的技术参数、外形尺
寸及设计进行更改的权利。产品在使用过程中若需要购买部件、配
套件或作某种技术处理，请事先与本公司技术服务部取得联系，以
便我们能为您更好地服务。

The seller reserves the right to make changes to the technical data,

dimensions and design of the product without prior notice. If you need to

buy parts, accessories or some technical processing, please contact our

technical service department in advance so that we can better serve you.

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感谢您选购和使用本公司的塔式起重机！
Thanks to choose tower cranes from our company!

为了使您正确使用与维护该设备，操作前敬请仔细阅读本使用说明
书，并妥善保管，以备查询。
In order that you can use and maintenance the equipment correctly,please

read the operating manual before operating,and keep the manual properly

in order to inquiry.

本使用说明书中标有“注意：”的语句，涉及到施工的安全，敬请注
意。
For the sentences marked with”Remark”, which involves the safety of

construction.Please noted.

本公司致力于产品的不断完善，产品的某些局部结构或个别参数更改时，恕不
另行通知。如有疑问，请与本公司联系。

本公司致力于塔机的不断完善，满足用
户的各种需求，随机文件变化频繁。
出厂编号 该编号的随机文件与该编号的主机一一
对应，切忌混用！即使是同型号塔机，也
Serial no：
不保证适用！

出厂日期

Date of Production：

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目 录 Content

第一章 整机介绍
Product Introduction ...................................................................1～8

第二章 基础施工
Foundation Construction...............................................................9～10

第三章 平衡重制作
Balance Weight.............................................................................11～12
第四章 立塔相关要求及注意事项
Erecting Requirements & Attention.................................................13～16

第五章 立塔过程一（底架塔身安装）
Procedure for Erecting 1 (Crane Body Installation)....................... 17～18

第六章 立塔过程二(其余部件安装)
Procedure for Erecting 2 ( Other Parts Installation).........................19～35
第七章 立塔过程三(顶升加节)
Procedure for Erecting Crane 3(Jacking&Adding Mast)..................36～42
第八章 安全装置调试
Safety Device Testing......................................................................50～59

第九章 附墙架设
Erecting for Anchorages...................................................................53～57
第十章 塔机拆卸
Tower Crane Disassemble................................................................58～66

第十一章 整机维修保养
Machine maintenance.......................................................................67～76
第十二章 塔机安全操纵规程
Safety Operation Stipulations............................................................77～85

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第一章 整机介绍
Part 1 Product Introduction

QTZ63（5013）塔式起重机，是我公司最新设计开发的自升上回转式塔

式起重机。
QTZ630(5013) Tower Crane is one new type of tower crane which designed by
our group company .

QTZ63（5013）塔机为水平起重臂，小车变幅，上回转自升多用途塔机。

该机的特色有：
QTZ63(5013) Tower Crane with flat lifting jib, trolley, self-rising upper slewing etc
applications.The main characteristic as below:

1. 性能参数及技术指标国内领先，达国际先进水平，最大工作幅度 50m，

最大起升高度 130m。
The performance and technical specification is advanced in China, has
reached the international advanced level,maximum work range is 50m,maximum lifting
height is 150m.

2. 整机外型为国际流行式，非常美观，深受国内外用户的喜爱。
The appearance of the product is international popular type, very beautiful,
have been very popular among overseas.

3. 工作方式多，适用范围广。该机有基础固定，外墙附着等工作方式，

适用各种不同的施工对象。独立固定式高度为 40m，附着式是在独立式的基

础上， 增加标准节和附着装置即可实现。附着式的最大起升高度为 130m。

Many work methods ,widely application range.The product has fixed
foundation,and outside anchorage, suitable for different construction object.For

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independent fixed type supporting legs, the lifting height is 40 m, for anchorage type,
which is based on the foundation, increasing the mast section and anchorage devices
to realize. The max height for anchorage type is 130m

4. 变幅机构、回转机构工作速度高，调速性能好，工作更加平稳可靠。
High work speed for trolley mechanism and slewing mechanism, well
speed-adjusting performance, the operating is more steady and reliable.

5. 电器控制系统采用专业电器厂引进国外先进技术生产的电器组件，寿

命比国产组件长 3~4 倍，故障少，维修简单，工作可靠。

The electric control system adopts the professional electric company,
introduces electric components produced by foreign advanced technology ,the
longevity is 3~4 times more than domestic components, low trouble, easy to repair,
reliably operation.

6.该塔机结构轻巧、稳定性好，运输方便；塔身标准节为整体角钢焊接，

安全可靠；各机构紧凑小巧、技术先进，各种安全装置齐备， 且为机械式

或机电一体化产品，适应于恶劣的施工环境，能确保塔机工作可靠。
The tower crane with light structure and good stability, easy to transport.The
mast is whole welded, safe and reliable. With compact organization and advanced
technology , completed safety devices,and mechanism type or mechatronics product,
suitable for poor construction ambient, which can guarantee the tower crane operate
reliably.

7. 设计在坚持切实符合国情，确保安全可靠原则的同时，尽可能地吸收

采用国内外成熟可靠的先进技术，来提高整机的技术水平， 采用成熟可靠

的先进技术有：
The design can guarantee the safety and reliable, meanwhile, absorb and
adopt the advanced technologies at home and abroad as much as possible, to improve

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the level of technology, the below parts adopt the mature and reliable technology:

1) 专业电器厂引进国外技术生产的电器组件；
Electric component produced by professional imported electric company.

2) 引进国外先进技术并国产化了的重量限制器、力矩限制器、高度限位

器、幅度限位器、回转限位器、回转、牵引机构的制动器等安全装置。
Introducing advanced foreign technology companies to develop and produce
Weight limiter, torque limiter, height limiter, range limiter,slewing limiter, brake of
slewing and drawing mechanism and other safety device.

3) 小车防断绳装置(防溜车)和防断轴装置；
Trolley anti-broken rope device(anti-slip) and anti-broken axle devices

4) 起升机构排绳系统；

Rope-rowed system of lifting mechanism

5) 牵引绳张紧系统；
Tensioning system for Traction rope

6) 刚性水平大幅度起重臂，起重臂刚度好，自重轻，断面小，风阻小，

外形美观。
Horizontal rigid large range lifting jib, with good rigidity,low self weight, small
section area, small wind resistance and beautiful appearance

8) 司机室独立外置，视野好，内部空间大，给操作者创造良好的工作环

境；
The driving cabinet is independent and located outside, has a good view, big

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inside space, creating good work ambient for operators.

9) 采用回转限位器，方便了司机从塔机中间的上下通行；

Adopt the slewing limiter, it is convenient for driver to climb inside the tower
crane

10) 司机室采用先进的联动台操纵各机构动作，操作容易，维修简单。

The crane cabin with advanced Linkage table to operate each mechanism
action,easy to operate and repair.

8. 设计完全符合或优于有关国家标准。

The design completely complies with or superior to the relevant GB standard.

由于该机具有以上特点，因而它适用于高层或超高层民用建筑、桥梁水

利工程、大跨度工业厂房以及采用滑模法施工的高大烟囱及筒仓等大型建筑

工程。
Owing to the product has the above characteristics, therefore it is applicable for
High building or super high civil building, bridge and water conservancy project,large
span industry workshop and large Chimneys and silos construction project and etc.

9. 起重机技术性能
Technical performance for tower crane

9.1 起重特性表及起重特性曲线
Characteristic of tower crane and lifting performance curve

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Two Ratio Characteristics A=2

Range/m 3-27.795 28 29 31 32 33 34 35 36
Capacity/t 3 2.972 2.844 2.612 2.507 2.408 2.316 2.228 2.145
Range/m 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Capacity/t 2.067 1.993 1.923 1.856 1.793 1.732 1.674 1.619 1.567
Range/m 46 47 48 49 50
Capacity/t 1.516 1.468 1.422 1.378 1.335

Four Ratio Characteristics A=4

Range/m 3-15.22 16 17 19 21 23 25 26 27
Capacity/t 6 5.881 5.485 4.818 4.279 3.833 3.459 3.293 3.140
Range/m 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
Capacity/t 2.865 2.741 2.625 2.516 2.415 2.319 2.228 2.143 2.062
Range/m 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
Capacity/t 1.985 1.913 1.844 1.778 1.715 1.656 1.599 1.545 1.492
Range/m 47 48 49 50
Capacity/t 1.443 1.395 1.349 1.305

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9.3Technical Parameters
Rated load moment kN.m 630
Max. Loading Capacity t 6
Work range 3～50
Free standing m 40
Crane height
Anchorage 130
α=2 80/40/10
Lift speed m/min
α=4 38/19/5
Slew speed r/min 0.64
Traverse speed 44/22
Jack speed m/min 0.4
Min lowering speed ≤7
Chassis 6×6

heig Free standing 51.092

Overall ht Anchorage 160.892
m
size End of lift jib to slewing
51.21
center
End of counter jib to
12.39
slewing center
Free standing 33.99
Self- structure
Anchorage t 70.02
weight
Counter weight 13.25
Total power kW 36.6
Work temperature ℃ -20～+40
Input power 50Hz ～380V±10%

Lifting mechanism M5
Mechanical loading rate Slewing mechanism M4
Traversing mechanism M4
Model YZTD225-4/8/32
mechanis

Motor
Lifting

power(kW) 24/24/5.4
m

Height limiter Model FKDX-G

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Model 6W37-13-1770-I 甲镀右铰

Wire rope
Max traction(N) 15000
Ratio a=2 a=4
Lift speed(m/min) 80 40 10 38 19 5
Rated capacity (t) 1 3 3 2 6 6
Min lowering
m/min ＜7
speed
Model Y132M1-6
Motor power(kW) 3.7
Rotating speed (r/min) 908
Model XX4-80A.180
mechanism

Reducer
Slewing

gear ratio 180

fluid coupling Model YOX280A
Mode m 12
gear gear z 15
modification coefficient ＋0.5
Slew speed r/min 0.64
Model 011·45·1250
Slewing
bearing

mode m 12
gear z 118
Model Y132M-4B5
Motor
power(kW) 5.5
Work pressure mPa 25
mechanism

Max jacking force t 50

Jacking

Cylinder stroke mm 1600

Mounting distance mm 2070
Cylinder diameter mm φ160
Piston rod
mm φ110
diamete
Jacking speed m/min 0.4
Model YDEJ132S-4/8
sm
mechani
ng
Traversi

Motor
power(kW) 3.2/2.2
Wire rope Model 6×19-7.7-1550-甲镀右铰

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Model XX2-12-38
Reducer
传动比 38
Traverse speed m/min 44/22

9.4 整机外型尺寸
Outline Dimension

第二章 基础施工
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Part 2 Foundation Construction

2a、底架固定式基础
Bottom fixed type foundation

2a.1 底架固定式基础的载荷
Loads for bottom fixed type foundation

load Foundation load Building load

condition P1（t） P2（t） M（t·m） Mk(t·m) F1(t) F2(t) F3(t) F4(t)
Working 83.8 0.8 78.8 6.8 5.2 9.2 4.8 9.0
Non-working 78.8 3.08 95.1 0 3.1 5.7 2.9 5.8

2a.2 底架固定式基础的要求
Requirements for bottom fixed type foundation

塔式起重机的地基基础是保证塔机安全使用的必要条件，要求该基础分

不同地质情况严格按照规定执行。采用整体钢筋混凝土基础，对基础的基本

要求如下：

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The foundation of the tower crane is the necessary condition to guarantee the
safety use.For the different geology,the foundation should comply with the stipulations
strictly. For the foundation with adopting whole reinforced concrete, the basic
requirements as below:

（1）混凝土强度等级不得低于 C35，基础下土质应坚固夯实、地耐力不小于

250kn/㎡。
The strength class of concrete is not less than C35, the soil under the foundation
should be solid, the earth bearing capacity is not less than 250kn/㎡

（2）混凝土基础的高度应大于 1300mm。

The concrete foundation height should be more than 1300mm.

（3）基础上表面应平整。

The concrete foundation should in same level

（4）基础块应高出地面 200mm 左右，周围应挖排水沟，以防基础块周围长

期积水。
The foundation blocks should be higher than ground about 200mm, the
surroundings should dig drainage ditch, to prevent the foundation surroundings from the
long-term water accumulation.

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第三章 平衡重
Part 3 Balance Weight

3.1 对平衡重的基本要求如下：

Basic requirement for balance weight is as below

a) 用混凝土浇注成形后称重，重量允差 2％，砼标号不低 c30。

Weighting after casted by concrete, the weight tolerance is 2%, concrete
grade no is not less than C30.

b) 允许通过改变平衡重长度尺寸来改变其重量，以满足 2%的精度要

求。
Allow to change the weight through changing the balance weight length size,
in order to satisfy the 2% precision requirement.

3.2 平衡重的制作

Production of Balance Weight

3.21 平衡重共 7 块，2.1 吨的五块、1.375 吨的二块,总重 13.25t。均采用

钢筋混凝土浇注成形，具体外形尺寸参见下图。
There are 7 Pcs of balance weight total, 5 pcs of 2.1t , 2 pcs of 1.375t , total
13.25t. The balance weight are made of reinforced concrete casted.The detailed
dimension see the below diagram:

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第四章 立塔相关要求及注意事项
Part 4 Erecting Requirements & Attention

用户应熟读本章说明，以便正确迅速架设塔机。 在达到可顶升加节的

位置前，立塔时需根据起吊单元的重量及起升高度选用合适的汽车吊。用户

应根据各吊装部件的重量及吊装高度选用合适的汽车吊。
The users should read this part carefully, in order to erect the tower crane
correctly and rapidly. Before reaching to the position of jacking and adding mast
sections, when erecting tower crane, choose the suitable truck crane according to
the weight of lifting units and height.

4.1 立塔的注意事项
Attentions for Erecting

（1）塔机安装工作应在塔机最高处风速不大于 4 级时进行。
Installing work should be performed under the wind speed is not more than
class 4

（2）必须遵循立塔程序。
Strictly complying with procedure of erecting

（3）注意吊具的选择，根据吊装部件的外形尺寸、重量等，选用长度适

当，质量可靠的吊具。
Attention the choice of slings, choose suitable and reliable quality slings
according to the dimension and weight of lifted units

（4）塔机各部件所有可拆的销轴， 塔身连接的螺栓、螺母均是专用特

制零件，用户不得随意代换。
All the disassembled pins bolts,nuts are the special use accessories, the
users can not replace randomly .

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（5）必须安装并使用如扶梯、平台、护栏等安全保护装置。
The safety protective device such as ladder,platform,protective-rails should
be installed.

必须正确确定配重数量，在安装起重臂之前，必须先在平衡臂配重腔靠

近臂根方向安装 1 块平衡重（2.1 吨），注意严禁超过此数量。

Conform quantity of balance weight according to the lifting jib length. One block
of 2.1 ton balance weight must be installed before installing lifting jib.

Firstly.Attenion, strictly prohibit to exceeds the quantity.

（7）装好起重臂后，平衡臂上未装够规定的平衡重前，严禁起重臂吊载。
After installing lifting jib well and before installing the balance weight well,
prohibit to lifting goods.

（8）标准节的安装不得任意交换方位，否则无法进行顶升。
Installing of mast section can’t exchange the direction randomly,or else, the
jacking can not be performed.

（9）塔机在施工现场的安装位置，必须保证塔机的最大旋转部分与周围

建筑物的距离不小于 1.5m,塔机任何部位与架空电线的安全距离应符合下表

的规定。
The installing position of tower crane in the site must guarantee the distance
between the max rotation parts of tower crane and the surroundings building is not less
than 1.5meter, the safety distance between the any parts of tower crane and overhead
wire should accords to the stipluations in the sheet.

电压(voltage)KV <1 1~15 20~40 60~110 200

安全距离(safety distance)m
沿垂直距离 along vertical distance 1.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

沿水平距离 along horizontal distance 1.0 1.5 2.0 4.0 6.0

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（10）准备辅助吊装设备、枕木、索具、绳扣等常用工具。
Prepare the auxiliary lifting tools,slings, sleepers,rope clips and common use
tools.

（11）塔机安装场地的参考尺寸见下图。
Dimension for installing space of tower crane,see the below diagram. 。

（12）顶升前， 应将小车开到顶升平衡位置， 起重臂转到引进横梁的正

前方，然后 用回转制动器将塔机的回转锁紧。
Before jacking, the trolley should be drived to jacking balance position, rotate
the lifting jib to the dead ahead of the introduced beams,then use slewing brake to
tight the slewing of tower crane

（13）顶升过程中，严禁旋转起重臂以及使吊钩起升和放下。
During the jacking,prohibit to rotate the lifting jib and make the hooks rising
and down.

4.2 塔机的总体布置及主要组件装配关系

Relationship between Tower Crane Arrangement and Components Assembly

方形底架独立固定式的起升高度为 40.0m，可采用二倍率或四倍率钢丝

绳起升，塔身标准节由角钢扣方与角钢组焊为整体结构，用高强螺栓连接。
The independent height of square underframe crane is 40.0 m, which can lifting
through adopt 2times or 4times wire rope.Tower body is welded by square tube(or

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angle steel),then formed the whole structure by high-strength bolt

塔身下部通过方形底架固定到基础上，上部通过下转台及回转支承与上

转台、旋转节及塔帽相连。
The bottom side of the tower body connects with foundation , through the square
underframe. The upper side of tower crane connects with upper turntable ,slewing
mast and top kit through upper turntable and slewing bearings.

司机室侧置于上转台上，前方是起重臂，后方是平衡臂，起升机构设在

平衡臂后部， 回转机构置于上转台一侧，载重小车由牵引机构牵引，沿起

重臂来回运动。
The crane cabin locates in the upper turntable, the front side is lifting jib, the back
side is balance jib, lifting mechanism is settled in the back of balance jib,the slewing
mechanism is settled in one side of the upper turntable, the trolley is draw by the
traction mechanism, acts along with the lifting jib.

在下转台下端是爬升架，围在塔身四周，塔机视施工的需要由顶升机构

可顶起塔身上部结构，引进标准节，升高塔机的高度。
The climbing mast is under lower turntable , around the tower crane
body .According the construction needs, the tower crane can jack the upper parts by
the jacking mechanism and introduce the mast sections to rising the height of tower
crane.

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第五章 立塔过程一（塔身安装）
Part 5 Procedure for Erecting 1
(Crane Body Installation)

5.1 底架安装

Underframe Installation

将方形底架吊放在基础上，调整好与地脚螺栓之间的位置。
Put the square underframe on the foundation, adjust the position with the anchor
bolt .

再调整方形底架使上表面保持水平状态，平面度为 1/1000。
Readjustment square underframe to keep in a horizontal level. Level surface
flatness is 1/1000.

装上压件用双螺母拧紧。
Install pressure parts,tighten .

5.2 塔身安装

Tower Crane Body Installation

与该型基础相配套的塔身由 3 节加强节及其他标准节通过连接套用的

高强螺栓相连接而成。其中基础节下端与方形底架相连接，上端依次安装 3

节加强节，加强节上端安装标准节。
The tower body is connected by 3 Pcs iof Strength masts and other masts
through high-strength bolts.Thereinto,the foundation mast connects with the square
underframe , the top of foundation masts section should be installed 3 pcs strengthen
masts , and on the top installed mast successively.

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（1）每根高强度螺栓均应装配两个垫圈和两个螺母并拧紧防松。

Each high-strengthen bolts should assemble with two gaskets and two nuts,
and tighten to anti loose

（2）用经纬仪或吊线法检查其垂直度，主弦杆四个侧面的垂直度误差应不

大于 1.5/1000。
Use the theodolite or hanging line method to check the vertical degree, the
vertical degree tolerance for four sides of main chord should be not more than
1.5/1000.

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第六章 立塔过程二(其余部件安装)
Part 6 Procedure for Erecting 2
( Other Parts Installation)

6.1 吊装顶升架
Lifting the Jacking Climb Frame

6.1.1 结构简述

Structure Introduce

顶升架主要由顶升架结构、平台、爬梯

及液压顶升系统、标准节引进装置等组成，

塔机的顶升运动主要靠此部件完成。
Jacking climb frame is comprised by structure of
Jacking climb frame,platform,climbing ladder and
hydraulic jacking system,mast section introduced
devices and etc. The jacking action will be finished mainly by this parts

顶升油缸安装在顶升架后侧的横梁上(即预装平衡臂的一侧)， 液压泵站

放在液压缸一侧平台上，顶升架内侧有 16 个导向的滚轮， 顶升时滚轮支于

塔身主弦外侧，起导向支承作用。
Jacking cylinder is installed on the beams of jacking climb frame back side,(ie the
one side of pre-installing balance jib) put the hydraulic pump station on the platform of
hydraulic cylinder side, there are 16 pieces guide-direction rollers in jacking-climb
frame inner side.When jacking,the rollers is supported on the outside of main chord of
tower body, playing the directon-guide and bearings roles.

为了便于顶升安装和安全需要，在顶升架中部及上部位置设有平台，并

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在引进梁上也设有平台，顶升时工作人员站在平台上，操纵液压系统,完成顶

升、引入标准节和固定标准节螺栓的工作。
In order to convinently jacking installing and safety demands, the platform is setted
in the middle of jacking frame and upper position, also in the introduced beams,When
jacking, the workers stand on the platform, operate the hydraulic system to finish the
jacking ,introducing the mast section and fix the mast section bolts.

6.1.2 吊装顶升架

Lifting Jacking Frame

a. 将顶升架按图要求组装完毕后， 将吊具挂在顶升架上，拉紧钢丝绳

吊起。切记安装顶升油缸的位置必须与塔身踏步同侧。
Assemble well the jacking frame according to picture as the picture
shown,hanging the slings on the jacking frame,tension the wire rope and lifting
them.Notice that the position of jacking cylinder Must be the same side of tower body
steps.

b. 提起顶升架下端的两个顶升爬爪，将顶升架缓慢套装在上端二个

塔身节外侧。放下爬爪使其担在上端第三节塔身节下部的踏步槽内，再调整

好爬升导轮与标准节的间隙(间隙最好为 2~3mm)。
Put the jacking frame install on outside of the top two strengthen masts.Put
the climb claws of jacking frame on the steps of second strengthen mast,then adjust
well the gaps of guide wheel and mast section.(the gaps is 2-3mm)

安装好顶升油缸，将液压泵站吊装到平台一角，接好油管，检查液压系

统的运转情况，应保证油泵电机风扇叶片旋向应与外壳箭头标识一致，以避

免烧坏油泵。如有错误。则应重新接好电机接线。
Install well the jacking cylinder,lifting the hydraulic pump station to the corner of
platform,connect well the oil pipe, check the operation of hydraulic system,guarantee

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the fan blades of oil cylinder motor rotation direction is consistent with the shell arrows
marks, to avoid the burnout of oil pump.If it is wrong, need to connect well the wiring of
motor again.

6.2 安装回转支承总成
Slewing Bearing Installation

6.2.1 结构简述

Structure Introduce

回转支承总成包括下转台、回转支承、上转台、回

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转塔身、回转机构共五部分。

下转台为整体箱形结构，下转台下部分别与标准节和套架相连，上部与

回转支承外圈的下平面通过高强度螺栓连接。

上转台为板壳结构，上面焊

有安装回转塔身的连接耳板。其

左侧焊有安装回转机构的法兰

盘。上转台的左右设有工作平

台，右侧工作平台的前端，焊有

司机室连接的支架，前方设有安

装回转限位器的支座和安装电

笛的支板。
Slewing bearing assemble includes lower turntable, slewing bearing, upper
turntable ,slewing body and slewing mechanism, total 5 parts.

Lower turntable is whole box type structure,Below part of lower turntable is

connected with mast sections and cover frame, the top is
connect with below flat of slewing bearing outside ring by the
high strengthen bolts.

Upper turntable is plate shell structure, flange disk of

slewing mechanism is welded on it The slewing mechanism
flange is welded at left side.The work platform is located at left
and right side of upper turntable .The bracket to the driver cab
was welded on the front of right work platform, the front has
the supporting seat for installing slewing limiter and supporting
plate for installing the electric flute.

6.2.2 吊装回转支承总成
Lifting Slewing Bearing

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检查连接下转台、回转支承、上转台

所用的 M36 的高强螺栓，其

预紧力是否达到要求
Check the M36 strengthen bolts
(Class10.9) used for connecting the Lower turntable,
Slewing bearing,upper turntable, check the pre-tight
torque reach to the require standard

a.如图所示，将吊具挂在回转塔身的四个耳套下，将回转支承总成吊起。
As the picture shown,hanging the slings on the below of four supporting post of
upper supporting seat,lifting the slewing bearing.

b.将回转支承总成缓慢放在塔身顶部。切记下转台的斜腹杆方向应与标

准节装爬梯斜腹杆方向一致;下转台与套架连接时，应对好四角的标记。
Put the total slewing bearing on the top of tower body slowly.Attention that the
direction of oblique bracket should be accords wit the direction of oblique bracket of
climbing ladder, When upper supporting seat connects with cover frame, the four
corner marked should be noticed.

c.用 8 个 M36 的高强螺栓将下转台与标准节连接牢固。注意：M36 高强

度螺栓的预紧力为 538KN，每根高强度螺栓均应装配两个垫圈和两个螺母

并拧紧防松。双螺母中防松螺母预紧力应稍大于 538KN。
Use 8pcs M36 high strengthen bolts to connect the lower turntable and mast
section tightly.(Pre-tight for M36 is 538KN .Each bolts is screwed by double nuts
and double washer .Anti-loosen bolts is a bit more than 538KN in double nuts)

d.操作顶升系统，将液压油缸伸长至第 2 节塔身节（从上往下数）的下

踏步上，顶升架顶升至与下转台连接耳板接触，用销轴将顶升架与下支

座连接牢固。
Operating the jacking system, extend the hydraulic oil cylinder to the steps of the
second mast section(from up to down),jacking the climbing frame,which contact with

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the connecting ear plate of down supporting seat, use the pins to fasten the connection
between climbing frame and lower turntable.

6.3 安装塔帽
Top Kit Installation

6.3.1 塔帽简述

Structure Introduce

塔帽是由角钢组焊而成的空间桁架结构，底部与回转

塔身连接，顶部设有塔头板，分别与起重臂拉杆、平衡臂

拉杆连接，塔帽的上部有一平台，安装人员可以用该平台

进行塔机的装卸和穿绕起升钢丝绳。
Top kit is a space truss structure formed by welded angle
steel.Bottom is connect with slewing body, top has top kit plate ,
connect with lift arm pull rod , counter arm pull rod . There is a
platform on the top of top kit , installation engineer can stand there
to load or unload tower crane and other works .

6.3.2 吊装塔帽
Top Kit Installation

按图所示，将塔帽平台、爬梯与塔帽主体在地

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面上连接牢固，吊起塔帽，注意安装起重臂和平衡臂的方向，应将垂直的一

侧朝向起重臂方向，用四件销轴与过渡节连接牢固。
Connected firmly of top kit platform, ladder and top
kit body on the ground. Lift the top kit ( Note
the orientation of the boom and arm,the vertical
side should be oriented in the lift jib direction. With
4 pcs of pin and the transition section
connected firmly)

6.4 安装平衡臂总成

Balance Jib Installation

6.4.1 结构简述

Structure Introduction

平衡臂是由工字钢及角钢组焊成的平面桁架结构。平衡臂上设有栏杆、

走道和工作平台， 平衡臂的臂根用两根销轴与回转塔身耳板连接，另一端

通过销轴由刚性组合拉杆同塔帽顶部塔头板连接。
The balance jib is a flat truss structure welded by I-beam and angle steel.
Balance jib with railings, walkways and work platforms. The arm of the balance arm is
connected to the turret ear plate by two pins.And the other end is connected with the
top head of the tower kit by a rigid combination pull rod through a pin shaft.

尾部装有平衡重、起升机构；电阻箱，电气控制箱布置在臂根部。起升

机构本身有其独立的底架，用四根螺栓固定在平衡臂上。
At the root of the lifting arm is equipped with balance weight, lifting mechanism, the
resistance box and the electrical control box .The lifting mechanism has its own base
chassis,with four bolts fixed on the balance arm

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6.4.2 吊装平衡臂总成

a. 在地面上把平衡臂组装好，将起升机构、电控箱、电阻箱、平衡臂拉

杆装在平衡臂上，并固接好。回转机构接上临时电源， 将回转支承以上部

分回转到便于安装平衡臂的方位。
Assemble well the balance jibs on the ground,install the lifting mechanism,
electric control box, resistance box, pulling plate of balance jib on the balance jibs and
fix them well. The temporary power was plugged in for the slewing mechanism,slewing
the above part of slewing bearings to the position that easy to install the balance jib.

b. 吊起平衡臂(平衡臂上设有 4 个安装吊耳) 。
Lifting balancing jib(the balance jib equips with four installing lifting lugs)

c. 用销轴将平衡臂与回转塔身联接好。
Connect and fix well the balance jib and slewing tower body by pins.

d. 将平衡臂逐渐抬高至适当的位置，用销轴将平衡臂拉杆与塔帽顶部塔

头板相接，穿好并张开开口销。

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Raising the balance jib to the suitable position gradually, connect the pulling
plate of balance jib with balance jib pulling plate in the top kit by pins, put well and open
cotter pins.

6.5 安装司机室
Crane Cabin Installation

6.5.1 结构简述

Structure Introduction

司机室为薄板结构，侧置于上支

座右侧平台的前端，四周均有大面积的

玻璃窗，前上窗可以开启，视野开阔。

司机室内壁用宝丽板装饰，美观舒适，

内设有联动操纵台。
Crane cabin is the thin-plate structure, located at right side of upper supporting
seat platform.

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There are the large area glass windows in four

Sides. Front upper window can be opened and has wide view.The inside wall of
cabinet are decorated, which is beautiful and convenient.Also equipped with linkage
operating table.

6.5.2 吊装司机室

Crane Cabin Installation

a.司机室内的电气设备安装齐全后吊起司机室。把司机室放在上转台靠

右平台的前端，对准耳板上孔的位置，然后用三根销轴联接并穿好开口销。
After installing well the electric equipment in the cabinet, then lifting the driver
cab. Put the cab on the front side of upper turntable right side, align to the upper hole
position of ear plate, then use three pins connect and put well the cotter pins.

b. 也可在地下先将司机室与回转支承总成组装好后，作为一个整体，一

次性吊装。
Another method,assemble well the driver cab and slewing bearings on the
ground, Installation them as a whole body

6.6 安装起重臂总成

Lifting Jib Installation

起重臂总成包括起重臂、起重臂拉杆、载重小车和变幅机构。
Lifting jibs assemble includes the lifting jib, pulling plate of lifting jib, trolley and
trolley mechanism。

6.6.1 结构简述

Structure Introduction

起重臂上下弦杆都是用两个角钢拼焊成的方管，整个起重臂为三角形

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截。
Upper and down chord of lifting jib are square tube ,which is welded by the two
pcs of angle steel. The section of lifting jibs is triangle shape .

节与节之间用销轴连接，拆装方便，起重臂第一节根部与过渡节用销轴

连接。在起重臂第二节中装有牵引机构。载重小车以起重臂的下弦杆为运行

轨道，在牵引机构的牵引下，可沿起重臂前后运行。载重小车一侧设有检修

吊篮，便于塔机的安装与维修。起重臂组装时，严格按照每节臂上的序号标

记组装，不允许错位或随意组装。
The pin connected with the mast and mast,easy disassembly. The pin is
connected the first section of the jib and the transition section. In the second section of
the boom is equipped with a traction mechanism.The trolley carries the lower chord of
the boom as the running track.The trolley can be run along the boom under in the
traction mechanism.Trolley with maintenance basket, easy to install and repair tower
crane. Jib assembly, in strict accordance with the serial number of each section of the
arm assembly, does not allow dislocation or random assembly.

6.6.2 吊装起重臂

Lifting Jib Installation

a. 在塔机附近准备好枕木(或支架，高约 0.6m)，按下图的要求拼装好起

重臂。注意：无论组装多长的起重臂，均应先将载重小车套在起重臂下弦杆

的导轨上。
Prepare well the sleepers nearby the tower crane,(or locates the supporting
frame, height is about 0.6m),according to the above diagram requirements, assemble
well the total lifting jib.Attention:No matter what the length of lifting jib is, the
trolley with loads should be covered on the guide rail of down chord of lifting
jibs.

b. 将维修吊篮紧固在载重小车上，并使载重小车尽量靠近起重臂根部最

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小幅度处。安装好起重臂根部处的变幅机构，
Fasten the maintenance basket in the trolley, and make the trolley as close as
possible to the minimum amplitude of the boom base.

c. 使用回转机构的临时电源将塔机上部结构回转到便于安装起重臂的

方位。
The temporary power source of the slewing mechanism is used to rotate the
tower structure to facilitate the installation of the boom.

注意：安装起重臂前，应先在平衡臂配重腔靠近臂根方向装上一块 2.1t

配重，不得超过此数量。
Note: Before installing the boom, should be in the balance arm with heavy
weight near the arm root direction of a 2.1t weight, shall not exceed this number.

d. 挂绳并试吊是否平衡，否则可适当移动挂绳位置， 起吊起重臂至安

装高度。如图所示用销轴将过渡节与起重臂根部联接好。注意：记录下吊装

起重臂的吊装位置，以便拆塔时使用。
Hang rope and try whether balance, otherwise can be appropriately move the
hanging rope, Lifting lift boom to the installation height. As shown with a pin shaft
coupling transition section and the crane boom root. Note: Record the hoisting position
of the lifting boom for use in demolishing the tower.

e. 将起重臂逐渐抬高至适当的位置，用销轴将起重臂拉杆与塔帽顶部塔

头板相接，穿好并张开开口销。
Raised the lift jib to the appropriate position gradually. Connected the lift jib
pull rod and tower head tower head plate by pin.Put on and open cotter pin.

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F.吊装剩余的配重。

Installation left balance weight.

6.7 变幅机构绕绳系统

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Rope-Wiring System for Trolley Mechanism

卷筒绕出长、短两根钢丝绳，其中短的通过臂根导向滑轮固定于载重小

车后部， 另一根长的通过起重臂中间及头部导向滑轮，固定于载重小车前

部。在载重小车后部设有 3 个绳卡，绳卡压板应在钢丝绳受力一边，绳卡间

距为钢丝绳直径的 6～8 倍。钢丝绳与载重小车的前端设有张紧装置，如果

变幅钢丝绳松弛，调整张紧装置，即可将钢丝绳张紧。
Reel around long & short two wire rope. Short wire rope through the arm guide
pulley fixed to the rear of the trolley. Long wire rope through the middle of the boom
and the head guide pulley,fixed to the front of the trolley.

There are 3 rope card in the rear of the truck. Rope card holder should be in cable
force side. Rope card spacing is 6 ~ 8 times of the wire rope`s diameter. There is a
tensioning device of the wire rope and the front end of the trolley .The wire rope can be
tighten through adjust the tension device if the wire rope slack

6.8 起重机构绕绳系统

Rope-Wiring System for Lifting Mechanism

吊装完毕后，进行起重钢丝绳的穿绕。
After hoisting , for lifting wire rope wear around

如图 所示，起重钢丝绳由起重机构卷筒放出，经起重机构排绳滑轮，绕

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过塔帽上部导向滑轮向下进入吊臂根部重量限制器滑轮，向前再绕到载重小

车和吊钩滑轮组，最后将绳头通过绳夹，用销轴固定在起重臂头部的防扭装

置上。
As the picture shows, Lifting wire rope released by lifting drum ,through lifting row
rope pulley ,pass the upper guide pulley of the top kit down into the boom base weight
limiter pulley, forward and then around the load car and hook pulley block,finally, the
rope through the rope clip,and fixed to the torsion proof device of the boom head by a
pin finally.

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6.9 接电源及试运转
Connect Power and Test Run

当整机按前面的步骤安装完毕后，在无风状态下，
检查塔身轴线的垂直度，

允差为 4/1000；
When the machine is installed according to the previous steps, in the absence of
wind, check the vertical axis of the tower, the tolerance is 4/1000;

再按电路图的要求接通所有电路的电源，试开动各机构进行运转， 检查

各机构运转是否正确， 同时检查各处钢丝绳是否处于正常工作状态，是否

与结构件有摩擦，所有不正常情况均应予以排除。
And then press the circuit diagram of the requirements of all circuits connected to
the power, try to start the operation of the agencies to check the functioning of the
institutions are correct.At the same time to check whether the wire rope is in normal
working condition, whether there is friction with the structural parts, all abnormalities
should be excluded.

6.10 更换倍率方法
Ratio Method of Replacement

换倍率装置是一个带有活动滑轮的挂体，当其与吊钩连成一体时,起升钢

丝绳系统为 4 倍率,当挂体与吊钩脱离并顶在载重小车底面时,起升钢丝绳系

统则变为 2 倍率。
Change ratio device is an hanging body with a movable pulley. When the hanging
body integrated with the hook, the lifting wire system is 4 times. When the hanging
body away from the hook and in the trolley bottom , the lifting wire system is 2 times

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a. 当需要用 2 倍率工作时，操纵起升机构，使吊钩向下运动并着地，拔出

挂体销轴，然后开动起升机构，收紧钢丝绳，使挂体上升至与载重小车接触。

注意：起升机构的排绳情况不得有乱绳情况出现。这样起升钢丝绳系统就转

换成 2 倍率。
When the need to work with 2 times ,manipulating lifting mechanism,so that the
hook moves down and touches the ground, pull out the hanging body pin,then start the
lifting mechanism, tighten the wire rope,so that the hanging body up to contact with the
trolley.
Note: the lifting mechanism of the rope situation must not have random rope
situation. The hoisting rope system is converted to a 2-times ratio.

b. 若要再将起升钢丝绳系统转换 4 倍率，则又操纵起升机构，放下吊钩至地

面，并使挂体落回到吊钩的挂体槽内。插上销轴和开口销，并充分张开开口

销。这样起升钢丝绳系统就自动转换为 4 倍率。
If you want to re-lifting wire rope system conversion 4 times, manipulating lifting
mechanism,so that the hook moves down and touches the ground,and the hanging
body fall into the hanging body groove of the hook.Insert the pin and cotter pin and fully
open the cotter pin.The hoisting rope system is then automatically converted to a 4
times ratio.

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第七章 立塔过程三（顶升加节）
Part 7 Procedure for Erecting Crane 3
(Jacking&Adding Mast)

7.1 顶升前的准备
Preparation before Jacking

a. 按液压泵站要求给其油箱加油。确认电动机接线正确，风扇旋向与标向

一致，手动阀操纵杆操纵自如，无卡滞。
According to the requirements of the hydraulic pump to fuel its fuel tank, make
sure the motor wiring is correct, fan rotation and the direction is same.Manual valve
joystick control freely, no stuck.

b. 清理好各个标准节，在标准节的连接销轴孔内处涂上黄油 ，将待顶升加

高用的标准节排成一排，放在顶升位置时起重臂的正下方，这样能使塔机

在整个顶升加节过程中不用回转机构，能使顶升加节过程所用时间最短。
Clean up the mast,apply butter at the connecting pin hole of mast .Arranged the
lifted and raised mast into a row, placed in the jacking position just below the
boom.This will enable the tower crane in the whole process of lifting the top without
turning agencies, can increase the top of the process with the shortest time.

c. 放松电缆长度略大于总的顶升高度，并紧固好电缆。
Loosen the cable slightly longer than the total lifting height and secure the cable.

d. 将起重臂旋转至顶升架前方，平衡臂处于顶升架的后方。
Turn the lift jib to the front of the lift frame and the balance arm to the rear of the lift
frame.

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e. 在引进平台上准备好引进轮，顶升架平台上准备好塔身连接螺栓。
In the introduction platform ready to introduce the wheel, jacking platform platform
ready for tower connection bolts.

7.2 顶升前塔机的配平
Make Balance before Jacking

(1) 塔机配平前，将装有一节标准节的引进小车适当地吊在引进平台上，然

后摘下吊钩。再将载重小车运行到图示的配平参考位置（距臂根约 10-15 米），

并吊起一节标准节或其它相应重物。然后拆除下转台四个支脚与标准节的连

接销轴；
Before the tower crane balancing, make the introduce trolley with one pcs of mast
suspended at the platform suitably, then remove the hook .Then let the trolley run to
the balancing place at picture shows . (About 10 to 15 meters away from arm root),
lifting one piece of mast or other corresponding weights, remove the lower turntable
four legs and the standard section of the connecting pin

(2) 将液压顶升系统操纵杆推至“顶升方向”， 使顶升架顶升至下转台支

脚刚刚脱离塔身的主弦杆的位置；
Push the hydraulic jack system lever to the "jack up" direction, So that the top
lifting frame to the lower turntable leg just out of the tower main chord position;

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(3) 检验下转台与标准节相连的支脚与塔身主弦杆是否在同一条垂直线

上 , 并观察爬升架上 16 个导轮与塔身主弦杆间隙是否基本相同，以检查塔

机是否平衡，若不平衡，则调整载重小车的配平位置，直至平衡，使得塔

机上部重心落在顶升油缸梁的位置上。
Inspection that lower turntable and the leg connected with mast are on the same
libe as the main chord of the tower crane body.
And observe whether the gap between the 16 guide wheels on the climbing frame
and the main chord of the tower body is same or not,
Then we can know whether the tower crane balance. Adjust the trolley balance
position to balance if not balance. So that the upper part of the tower crane center of
gravity falls on the position of the jacking cylinder.

(4) 记录载重小车的配平位置及相应的配平吊重的重量。
Record the weight position of the trolley and the weight of the corresponding tare
weight

(5) 操纵液压系统使套架下降，连接好下转台和标准节间的连接销轴。
Manipulating the hydraulic system to lower the frame, connecting the connecting
pins of the lower turntable and the mast.

7.3 顶升作业
Jacking Operation

7.3.1 吊起一节标准节将载重小车开至顶升平衡位置(参见上图)
Lifting a mast , and make the trolley run to jacking balance position.

7.3.2 使用回转机构上的回转制动器， 将塔机上部机构处于制动状态，不允许

有回转运动。
Using the rotary brake on the slewing mechanism, the upper part of the tower crane
is in the braking state, and no rotary motion is allowed.

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7.3.3 卸下塔身顶部与下支座连接的 8 个连接螺栓。

Unload the top of crane body and 8pcs of connecting bolts which is connected with
lower support.

7.3.4 开动液压系统，使活塞杆伸出，将顶升横梁两端的销轴顶在距离最近的

标准节上并顶紧(要特别注意观察顶升横梁两端销轴是否在同一平面上)。
Start the hydraulic system and extend the piston rod, make the pin which at two
sides of jacking beams on top of the mast and tighten（Pay special attention to observe

whether the lifting beam at both ends of the pin in the same plane）

确认无误后,将顶升架及其以上部分顶起 10～50mm 时停止，检查顶升横

梁、顶升架等传力部件是否有异响、变形、油缸活塞杆是否自动回缩等异常

现象，确认正常后，提起顶升套架中部的顶升爬爪，继续顶升；
Confirmed correct ,Jacking the the jacking frame and above part to 10-50mm ,
then stop jacking. Check the lifting beams, jacking frame and other components of
whether there is abnormal sound transmission, deformation, cylinder piston rod is
automatically retracted and other anomalies.After confirmed , Lifting the jacking claws

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in the middle of jacking frame, continue to rise.

顶起略超过半个标准节高度并使顶升架上的顶升爬爪越过一对踏步后，

停止顶升，放下顶升爬爪并回缩油缸，使顶升架的顶升爬爪落在踏步上平面

上。
Jacking more than a half of the mast height, and let the climbing claws over the
stand platform , then stop jacking. Put down the climbing claws and retract the cylinder,
so that the top of the lifting frame climb claws fall on the stand platform.

确认顶升爬爪准确地落在踏步上平面上并承受爬升架及其以上的重量且

无局部变形、异响等异常现象后，将油缸活塞全部缩回，提起顶升横梁，重

新使顶升横梁顶在上一对踏步的上平面上，再次伸出油缸，将塔机上部结构

再顶起略超过半个标准节高度，此时塔身上方恰好有能装入一个标准节的空

间，将顶升架引进横梁上的标准节拉进塔身正上方，稍微缩回油缸，将新引

进的标准节落在塔身顶部。
To confirm that the climbing claw climb accurately on the stand platform and bear
the weight of the climbing frame and above and no local deformation, abnormal sound
and other anomalies, retracted all cylinder piston ,lift the jacking beam.Re-raise the
jacking beam on the top of stand platform.Reach out the cylinder,jacking the top of the
tower crane structure more than half a mast.Then there is a mast space at the top of
the tower crane. Introduce the mast above the tower crane ,slightly retract the cylinder,
Let the new introduced mast falls on top of tower crane.

对正、卸下引进小车，用 8 个 M36 的高强螺栓将上、下标准节连接牢靠。

Alignment, unload introduce trolley, connect the upper and lower mast by 8 pcs of
M36 high-strength bolts

再次缩回油缸，将下转台落在新的塔身顶部上，并对正，用 8 个 M36 的

高强螺栓将标准节与下转台连接牢靠。至此完成一节标准节的加节工作；若

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连续加几节标准节，则可按以上步骤重复几次即可。
Retracts the cylinder again,lower the turntable onto the top of the new
mast,alignment,connect the upper and lower mast by 8 pcs of M36 high-strength bolts.
At this point , adding mast work finished .Please repeat above steps if need add more
masts.

注意：M36 高强度螺栓的预紧力为 538KN，每根高强度螺栓均应装配两

个垫圈和两个螺母并拧紧防松。双螺母中防松螺母预紧力矩应稍大于

538KN。
Note: The preload of the M36 high strength bolts is 538KN.Each high strength bolt
shall be fitted with two washers and two nuts and tightened to prevent loosening.The
tightening torque of the locking nut in double nuts should be slightly larger than 538KN

7.4 顶升过程的注意事项：
Precautions in Jacking:

a. 塔机最高处风速大于 8m/s 时，不得进行顶升作业。

Tower crane at the highest wind speed greater than 8m / s, can not be lifting
operations

b. 顶升过程中必须保证起重臂与引入标准节方向一致，并利用回转机构制动

器将起重臂制动住，载重小车必须停在顶升配平位置。
Lifting process must ensure that the lift jib and the introduction of the mast of the
same direction,and brake the lift jib by rotary brake,The trolley must be parked in the
jacking balance position.

c. 若要连续加高几节标准节， 则每加完一节后，塔机起吊下一节标准节前，

塔身各主弦杆和下支座必须有 8 个 M36 的高强螺栓连接。

Main chord of tower body and lower support must connect by 8 pcs of M36 high
strengthen bolt after finished last mast installation and before install another mast.

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d. 所加标准节上的踏步，必须与已有标准节对正。
All the stand platform on the mast must alignment

e. 在下转台与塔身没有用销轴连接好之前，严禁回转、变幅和吊装作业。
No slewing, traverse and lifting work before lower turntable and tower body
connected well with pins

f. 在顶升过程中，若液压顶升系统出现异常，应立即停止顶升，收回油缸，

将下转台落在塔身顶部，并用螺栓将下支座与塔身连接牢靠后，再排除液压

系统的故障。
The jacking work should be stopped and retract the cylinder,lower the turntable to
the tower , connect the lower support with tower by bolt if the hydraulic jacking system
out of work in jacking. And check the problems of jacking system.

g. 塔机加节达到所需工作高度(但不超过独立高度)后，应旋转起重臂至不同

的角度，检查塔身各接头处是否牢固。
Rotate the jib to different angle to check the tower joints after the tower crane
reached the needed height (within in independent height)

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第八章 安全装置调试
Part 8 Safety Device Testing

塔机安全保护装置主要包括：行程限位器和载荷限制器.
Tower crane safety protection devices include: limit switch and load limiter

行程限位器有：起升高度限位器，回转限位器和幅度限位器；
Limit switch:Height limit switch, slewing limit switch, and amplitude limiter.

载荷限制器有：起重力矩限制器，起重量限制器，此外还包括风速仪。
Load limiter:Lifting torque limiter, Lifting limiter&anemometer

8.1 多功能限位器
Limit Switch

本塔机的起升高度、变幅、

回转限位器分别为 DXZ-4/7，

DXZ-4/F (i=600) DXZ-4/3，三

个多功能限位器。
Height limit switch model is
DXZ-4/7;traverse limit switch model
is DXZ-4/F (i=600);slewing limit
switch model is DXZ-4/3

8.1.1 调整程序
Adjust

8.1.1.1 拆开上罩壳，检查并拧紧 2 个 M3×55 螺钉;

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Remove the upper cover, check and tighten 2 pcs of M3*55 screw

8.1.1.2 松开 M5 螺母;
Loosen the M5 nut

8.1.1.3 根据需要将被控机构开至指定位置(空载),这时控制该机构动作

时对应的微动开关瞬时切换。即:调整对应的调整轴(Z)使记忆凸轮(T)压下

微动开关(WK)触点;
Adjust the target to unload position according to needs ,Micro-switch
instantaneous switch at this time. That is: adjust the corresponding adjustment axis (Z)
so that the memory cam (T) press micro switch (WK) contacts;

8.1.1.4 拧紧 M5 螺母(螺母一定要拧紧，否则将产生记忆紊乱);
Tighten the M5 nut (Nut must be tightened, otherwise it will produce memory
disorder)

8.1.1.5 机构反复空载运行数次，验证记忆位置是否准确(有误时重复上述

调整);
The mechanism was repeatedly run several times without load, to Verify that
the memory location is correct or not . (if not correct , repeat above steps)

8.1.1.6 确认位置符合要求，紧固 M5 螺母，装上罩壳;

Make sure the location matches the requirements,tighten the M5 nut,install
the cover

8.1.1.7 机构正常工作后，应经常核对记忆控制位置是否变动，以便及时

修正。
After the normal work,should always check the memory control position is
changed or not , in order to timely correction

8.1.2 起升高度限位器的调整方法(调整程度按 8.1.1 条)

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Height Limit Switch Adjust

8.1.2.1 调整在空载下进行，用手指分别压下微动开关(1WK、2WK)，确认

限制提升或下降的微动开关是否正确;
Adjustment is carried out under no load,Press the micro switch with your
finger(1WK 、 2WK),Verify that the micro switch restricting the lifting or lowering is
correct;

8.1.2.2 提升极限限位时， 使载重小车与吊钩滑轮的最小距离不小于 1 米

时，调动(1Z)轴，使凸轮(1T)动作并压下微动开关(1WK)换接。拧紧 M5 螺母;
When lifting the limit limit,make the minimum distance between the trolley
and the hook pulley is not less than 1 meter,adjust (1Z), So that the cam (1T) action
and press the micro switch (1WK) for connection,tighten the M5 nut

8.1.2.3 用户根据需要可通过 2WK 以防止操作失误，使下降时吊钩在接触

地面前(确保卷筒上不少 3 圈钢丝绳时),能终止下降运动,其调整方法同

8.1.2.2 条(2Z-2T-2WK).
The user can pass 2WK as needed to prevent operation errors,So that the
decline in the hook before touching the ground (to ensure that the reel on a lot of 3 laps
rope), to terminate the downward movement,the method same as 8.1.2.2(2Z-2T-2WK).

8.1.3 回转限位器调整方法(调整程序同 8.1.1)

Slewing Limit Switch Adjust

8.1.3.1 在起重臂处于安装位置(电缆处于自由状态)时调整回转限位器;
Adjust the slewing limit switch when the lift jib in installation position (cable
is in free state).

8.1.3.2 调整在空载下进行，用手指逐个压下微动开关(WK)确认控制左右

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方向的微动开关(WK)是否正确;
Adjustment should be done under unload condition,press the micro switch
(WK) one by one with your finger to confirm whether the micro switch (WK) controlling
the left and right direction is correct;

8.1.3.3 向左回转 540°(1.5 圈)按 8.1.1 条程序,调动调整轴(4Z)使凸轮

(4T)动作至使微动开关(4WK)瞬时换接，然后拧紧 M5 螺母;
Turn left 540 °(1.5 turns), according to 8.1.1 steps, adjust the cam (4T) by
moving the adjustment shaft (4Z) until the micro switch (4WK) is momentarily changed.
Then tighten the M5 nut

8.1.3.4 向右回转 1080°(3 圈)按 8.1.1 条程序，调动调整轴(1Z)，使凸

轮(1T)动作至微动开关(1WK)瞬时换接，并拧紧 M5 螺母;
Turn right 1080°(3 turns),according to 8.1.1 steps,adjust the shaft (1Z), make
the cam (1T) move to the micro switch (1WK), and tighten the M5 nut.

8.1.3.5 验证左右回转动作。
Verify the left and right swivel
movements.

8.1.4 幅度限位器的调整方法(调

整程序同 8.1.1 条)
Amplitude Limiter Adjust

8.1.4.1 向外变幅及减速和起重

臂臂尖极限限位:
Outward amplitude and deceleration and boom arm limit Limit:

将载重小车开到距起重臂臂尖缓冲器 1.5m 处，调整轴(2Z)使记忆凸轮

(2T)转至将微动开关(2WK)动作换接。(调整时应同时使凸轮(3T)与(2T)重

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叠，以避免在制动前发生减速干扰)，并拧紧 M5 螺母，再将载重小车开至起

重臂臂尖缓冲器 220mm 处，按程序调整轴(1Z)使(1T)转至将微动开关(1WK)

动作，拧紧 M5 螺母;
Drive the trolley to the place which away lift jib arm buffer 1.5m ,adjusting the shaft
(2Z) Turn the memory cam (2T) to switch the micro switch (2WK).(3T) and (2T) should
be overlapped at the same time to avoid deceleration interference before braking.And
tighten the M5 nut. Then drive the trolley to the place which away lift jib arm buffer
220mm,Adjust the shaft (1Z) Turn (1T) to move the micro switch (1WK), tighten the M5
nut;

8.1.4.2 向内变幅及减速和起重臂臂根限位:
Inward change and deceleration and boom limit

调整方法同“a”,分别距起重臂臂根缓冲器 1.5m 和 200mm 处进行

（3Z-3T-3WK，4Z-4T-4WK）减速和起重臂臂根限位和调整。
Adjustment method with the "a",Respectively from the jib arm root buffer is 1.5 m
and 200 mm for deceleration and the root of jib arm spacing and adjustment
（3Z-3T-3WK，4Z-4T-4WK）

8.1.4.3 验正和修正。
Check and correct

8.2 力矩限制器
Torque Limiter

本机装有机械式力矩限制器保护装置，当力矩达到额定值的 90％时司机

室的预报警灯亮,当超过 100％但小于 110％的额定值时,起升向上断电，小

车向外变幅断电，同时发出超载报警声。
The crane is equipped with a mechanical torque limiter protection.Crane cabin
warning lamp light when the torque reaches 90% of the rated value .Lifting power

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off ,trolley outside traverse power off and overload alarming when more than 100% but
less than 110% of the rated value.

力矩限制器由两条弹簧板 2，三处行程开关 3 及调整螺杆 4 等组成，通

过安装块 1 固接在塔顶中部后侧的弦杆上，塔机工作时，塔顶发生变形，两
条弹簧板之间的距离缩小，带动调整螺杆移动，调整螺杆触及行程开关，相
应力矩能够报警和切断塔机起升向上和载重小车向外变幅的电路，起到限制
力矩的保护作用。
The torque limiter consists of two spring plates 2,three limit switch 3,and adjust
screw 4 .Through the installation block 1 fixed in the middle of the tower on the rear
side of the chord.When the tower crane working, the top of the tower is deformed, the
distance between the two spring plates will be reduced. The adjustment screw moves
and the adjustment screw touches the limit switch. The corresponding torque can
alarm and cut off the tower crane lifting up and the trolley outward. Circuit, play a role in
limiting the protection of torque

8.2.1 力矩限制器的调整(四倍率)
Torque Limiter Adjustment (4 times)

按定码变幅和定幅变码方式分别进行调整, 调整后各重复三次，保持功

能稳定
According to the fixed code range and tentering code way adjustment,
respectively, repeat this three times after the adjustment, maintain stable function

3.2.1.1 定码变幅调整
Fixed code amplitude adjustment

吊重 5t,载重小车以慢速由 10m 幅度开始向外变幅，调整图中的 90%那

根螺杆，使小车在 18 m～18.5m 处司机室内预报警灯亮；重新退回，再次吊

重 5t,载重小车以慢速由 10m 幅度开始向外变幅，调整图中的定码变幅那根

螺杆，使小车在 18.5m～19m 时，起升向上、变幅向外断电，同时发出超载

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报警声。
Hoisting 5t, trolley at a slow rate from 10m amplitude began to traverse outside,
adjust the figure in the 90% flanagan screw, the trolley in the 18m ~ 18.5m,crane cabin
forecast warning lamp light.Re-return, re-hoisting 5t,trolley at a slow rate from 10m
amplitude began to adjust the figure in the fixed-code variable flanging screw, External
power, and issued an overload alarm.

3.2.1.2 定幅变码调整
Constant amplitude code adjustment

60m 臂长使用时在 60m 处吊重 1t，起升机构应能向上起升，放下，再加

载 100kg ，以最慢速度向上起升，调整图 3.2-1 中的定幅变码那根螺杆，使

起升不能向上，同时发出超载报警声。
Load 1t at 60m jib,hoisting mechanism should be able to lift up, down, and then
loaded 100kg, the slowest speed up lifting, adjust the figure in Figure 3.2-1 constant
variable that Flanagan screw, so that lifting can not be up, and issued an overload
alarm.

8.2.2 力矩限制器校核(四倍率)
Torque limiter check(4 times)

按定码变幅和定幅变码方式分别进行校核,各重复三次.
According to the fixed-rate variation and fixed-rate code to check, respectively,
repeated three times.

8.2.2.1 定码变幅校核
Fixed code variation check

吊重 1.5t，载重小车以慢速由 45m 幅度开始向外变幅，小车应在 49.5

m～50m 处，司机室内预报警灯亮，退回，再次吊重 1.5t 以慢速由 40m 幅度

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开始向外变幅，小车应在 50 m～50.5m 处起升向上、变幅向外断电，同时发

出超载报警声;
Hoist 1.5t,trolley to 45m amplitude from the beginning of the amplitude, the trolley
should be 49.5m ~ 50m, crane cabin warning lights. Return, re-hoisting 1.5t to 40m
amplitude from the slow start outward Luffing, trolley should be 50 m ~ 50.5m at the
lifting up, the amplitude of power outwards, and issued an overload alarm sound

8.2.2.2 定幅变码校核
Fixed - width code checking

在 30m 处吊重 3t，力矩限制器不应动作,允许起升。放下重物,然后以慢

速起升 3.1t,力矩限制器应动作,不能起升。
In the 30m department of lifting 3t, torque
limiter should not be action to allow lifting. Put
down heavy objects, and then 3.1l slow lifting,
torque limiter should be action, not lifting.

8.3 起重量限制器(见图 8.3-1)

Lifting limiter

起重量限制器调整(结构调整方法见外购件 TWL8 起重量限制器说明书，

本塔机只使用四个微动开关中的三个)。
(See TWL8 for weight adjustment), the tower crane uses only three of the four
micro switches.

调整时吊钩采用四倍率滑轮组.
Adjust the hook with four times the rate of pulley.

8.3.1 低速档调整 (幅度不能大于 11.5 米)

Low gear adjustment (amplitude can not be greater than 11.5 meters)

8.3.1.1 吊重 8000kg，吊重以低、中档速度升降一次，不允许产生不能升
降现象。
Lifting 8000kg, lifting to low, mid-range speed up and down once, not

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allowed to produce can not lift phenomenon

8.3.1.2 再加吊重 100Kg，同时调整螺钉 3 并以中档起升,升高 10 米左右后

下降至地面。
Plus lifting 100Kg, while adjusting the screw 3 and mid-range lift, increased
about 10 meters down to the ground

8.3.1.3 重复 b 项全部动作，直至中档不能起升为止。此时吊重应在 8000～

8100kg 之间，接近小值较为理想。
Repeat all b action, until the mid-range can not be lifted up. At this point the
weight should be between 8000 ~ 8100kg, close to small values is ideal

8.3.1.4 重复 c 项动作二次、三次所得之重量应基本一致。
Repeat c action twice, three times the weight should be basically the same

8.4 防扭装置的使用
Anti-twisting Device

8.4.1 起升绳为不旋转（防
扭）钢丝绳时，塔机在工作
状态本防扭装置应将锁紧螺
钉锁紧。
Hoisting rope is not rotating
(anti-twist) rope, the tower crane
in the working state of the
anti-twist device should be
locking screw locking.

8.4.2 起升绳为普通钢丝绳时，塔机在工作状态本防扭装置应将锁紧螺钉打
开。
Hoisting rope for the ordinary wire rope, the anti-twist device should be locking
screw open when the tower crane in the working state.

8.4.3 新换钢丝绳后，空载运行时吊钩旋转，此时应打开防扭装置，钢丝绳
将自由旋转到与吊钩一致。若防扭装置处于锁紧状态，长时间空载运行将使
钢丝绳在全长范围内产生扭转，直至吊钩不再转动。
After changing new wire rope , the hook will rotation when no-load, the anti-
twisting device should be open at this time . wire rope will be free to rotate to the same

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with hook. If the anti-twist device is locked, long-term no-load operation will cause the
wire rope in the full range of twisting, until the hook is no longer rotating.

8.4.5 塔机在长时间使用后，钢丝绳伸长并产生轻微扭转，此时应暂时打开
防扭装置，待钢丝绳张紧后再次锁紧。
After prolonged use of the tower crane, wire rope elongation and produce a slight
twist, this time should be turned on the anti-twist device to be tightened again after the
rope tightening.

8.4.6 一旦钢丝绳散股，防扭装置将会加速钢丝绳的破坏，所以应及时更换
钢丝绳。
Once the wire rope shares, anti-twisting device will accelerate the destruction of
wire rope. The wire rope should be replaced in time

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第九章 附墙架设
Part 9 Erecting for Anchorages

9.1 附着式塔机
Anchorage Type Tower Crane

本塔机独立式的最大起升高度为 40.0m。 若起升高度要超过 40.0m，必

须用附着装置对塔身进行加固。附着式塔机的最大起升高度可达 100m。在
工作高度≤90m 时，可采取二倍率或四倍率钢丝绳起升，当工作高度>90m
时，只能采取二倍率钢丝绳起升。
The maximum independent height of the tower crane is 40.0m. It must use
anchorage when crane height more than 40 m. The max anchorage height is 130m.
It can adopt 2 times or 4 times wire rope when crane height within 90m . But it can
adopt 2 times wir rope only when crane height more than 90m .

附着式的结构布置与独立式相同， 只是为了增加起升高度，塔身增加了
标准节。为提高塔机的稳定性和塔身的刚度，在塔身的全高内还设置了若干
层附着装置，工作高度 130m 时，需要若干层附着装置。附着时，要求塔身
中心距建筑物 5m，如实际工程有变化请与本公司联系设计非标附着装置。考
虑到施工要求与塔身、附着架的受力规定了附着架与基础平面距离、附着架
之间距离以及附着架以上悬高的极限值。
Anchorage structure layout same with independent structure. The crane increase
mast to increase height.
There are several anchorage within the overall height to improve the stability and
the rigidity of tower crane. The distance from crane center to building is 5m .
Please contact us to design non-standard anchorage if changes in the actual
project. The construction requirements and the tower, the force of the anchorage
depend the distance between the anchorage and the base plane, the distance between
the anchorage and the anchorage above the limit.

9.2 不同使用高度下附墙架的最佳布置数量及位置
Anchorage Arrangement and Position Under Different Height.

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9.3 附着点的载荷
Loads for Anchorage Points

所示的附着撑杆布置形式和位置条件下建筑物附着点(即连接基座固定

处) 的载荷值。
Shown in the attached brace layout and position under the condition of building
attachment point (that is, the connection base fixed point) of the load value

用户需根据此载荷值的大小、附着点在建筑物结构上的具体位置、安装

附着装置的附着点处建筑物局部的承载能力等因素，确定连接基座与建筑物

的连接固定方式和局部结构处理方式。
The user should be based on the load value ,the anchorage point on the building
structure, the load capacity of anchorage installation points and other factors to
determine the connection base and building connections and local structure of the fixed
structure treatment.

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Load value of anchorage

注意：附着点的载荷值与塔机和建筑 F1(kN.) ±135

物的相对位置、附着撑杆的布置形式与尺 F2(kN) ±205

寸、附着框架以上塔身悬出段长度值的变 F3(kN) ±135

F4(kN) ±205
化而大幅度改变。因此，塔机附着时，如

塔机位置、附着撑杆布置形式及尺寸与图所示的不同时，请向本公司咨询。

切不可盲目套用表中的数值自行制作处理，以免产生重大安全事故。
Note:load value of anchorage will change significantly by the relative position of
tower crane,anchorage` layout and size ,the length over tower crane anchorage
change .So please contact with the seller if the position of tower . position and size of
anchorage is different with the reference picture to avoid the accident happened

9.4 附着装置的组成
Composition for Anchorage Device

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附着装置由两套框梁和四根内撑杆组成，两套框梁由 12 套 M24 高强度

(8.8 级)螺栓紧固成附着框架 (预紧力为 164KN),附着框架四个角有四根撑杆

与之铰接，四根撑杆的端部有连接耳座与建筑物附着处铰接，四根撑杆应尽

量保持在同一水平内；通过撑杆的调节螺栓可使撑杆固定塔身。
The anchorage device consists two sets of cross beam and four ropes of inner
struts. The cross beam is connected by 12 pcs of M24 high strengthen (class 8.8 ) bolts
(Preload is 164KN)

9.5 附着装置的架设
Erecting for Anchorage Device

9.5.1 先将附着框架套在塔身上，并安装连接螺栓；通过销轴将附着撑杆的

一端与附着框架连接，另一端与固定在建筑物上的连接基座连接。
Set the anchorage on tower crane , fixed the connected bolts.Fixed one side of
the brace pole with anchorage through pins . The other side fixed on buildings .

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9.5.2 每道附着架的四根附着撑杆应尽量处于同一水平面上。但在安装附着

框架时，若与塔身标准节的某些部位干涉，可适当升高或降低安装高度。
These four brace pole of each anchorage shall be in same level. The installation
height can raise or lower appropriately if some parts interference with tower crane
when installation.

9.5.3 附着撑杆上允许搭设供人从建筑物通向塔机的跳板，但严格禁止堆放

重物。
The brace pole of anchorage are allowed to set up the springboard for people
pass , but strictly prohibit the stacking of heavy objects

9.5.4 安装附着装置时，应当用经纬仪检查塔身轴线的垂直度，其偏差不得

大于塔身全高的 4/1000，允许用调节附着撑杆的长度来达到。
Check the vertical axis perpendicularity of tower crane by theodolite,the deviation
shall not be more than 4/1000 of tower crane full height .Allowing to adjust by adjusting
the brace pole length.

9.5.5 附着撑杆与附着框架，连接基座，以及附着框架与塔身的连接必须可

靠。撑杆应可靠地将塔身主弦杆顶紧，各连接螺栓应紧固好。各调节螺栓调

整好后，应将螺母可靠地拧紧。开口销应按规定充分张开，运行后应经常检

查有否发生松动，并及时进行调整。
Anchorage brace pole and anchorage and tower crane connection should be
well . All bolts should be tighten. After the operation should always check whether there
is loosening, and timely adjustment

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第十章 塔机拆卸
Part 10 Tower Crane Disassemble

10.1 拆卸注意事项：
Notices

2.2.1 塔机拆塔之前，顶升机构由于长期停止使用，应对顶升机构进行保

养和试运转。
The jacking mechanism should be maintenance and commissioning due to
long time no use when demolition of the tower crane

2.1.2 在试运转过程中，应有目的地对限位器、回转机构的制动器等进行

可靠性检查。
The limit switch, slewing mechanism brake should be check when tower
crane test run.

2.1.3 在塔机标准节已拆出，但下支座与塔身还没有用螺栓连接好之前，

严禁使用回转机构、牵引机构和起升机构。
It is forbidden to use slewing mechanism, traction mechanism and hoisting
mechanism before lower support and tower body doesnt fixed well by bolt while the
mast has been dismantled.

2.1.4 塔机拆卸对顶升机构来说是重载连续作业，所以应对顶升机构的主

要受力件经常检查。
Its a heavy and continuous work to demolition tower crane for jacking
mechanism. The jacking mechanism main parts should be checked usually

2.1.5 顶升机构工作时，所有操作人员应集中精力观察各相对运动件的相

对位置是否正常(如滚轮与主弦杆之间，顶升架与塔身之间)， 如果顶升架在

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上升时，顶升架与塔身之间发生偏斜，应停止顶升，并立即下降。
When the lifting mechanism is in operation, all operators should concentrate
on observing the relative position of the relative moving parts.The jacking work should
be stopped if deflection between the jacking frame and tower body when jacking frame
rise.

2.1.6 拆卸时风速应低于 8m/s。由于拆卸塔机时，建筑物已建完，工作

场地受限制，应注意工件的吊装堆放位置。不可马虎大意，否则容易发生人

身安全事故。
The wind speed should less than 8m/s when demolition tower crane .As the
demolition of the tower crane, the building has been built, the work site is limited,
should pay attention to the work piece stacking location. Not careless to avoid
accidents happen

10.2 拆塔的具体程序
Procedures

特别提醒：拆塔是一项技术性很强的的工作，尤其是标准节、平衡臂、

起重臂的拆卸。如稍有疏忽，就会导致机毁人亡、因此，用户在拆卸这些部

件时，需严格按照本说明书的规定操作。上塔工作人员，必须是经过培训并

拿到证书的人员。
Special Reminder:Demolition tower crane is highly technical work, especially for
mast , counter jib and lift jib . It will cause accident if carelessness . Therefore , the user
must in strict accordance with the manual when removal these parts . The tower worker
must be trained and get the certificate .

将塔机旋转到拆卸区域，该区应无影响拆卸作业障碍物。其步骤与立塔

组装的步骤相反。必须严格执行本说明书的规定，严禁违反操作程序。
Rotate the tower crane to the dismantling area, which shall have no effect on the
removal of the obstruction. The steps are opposite to the steps of assembling the tower.

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Must strictly implement the provisions of this manual, is strictly prohibited violations of
operating procedures.

拆塔具体程序如下：
Steps as below:

1) 降塔机标准节 (如有附着装置，相应地拆卸)；
Remove mast

2) 拆下平衡臂配重(留 1 块 2.1t 配重)；

Remove counter jib (keep 2.1t on crane)

3) 拆卸起重臂；
Remove lift jib

4) 拆下剩余的 1 块配重；
Remove the last counter weight

5) 拆卸平衡臂；
Remove counter jib

6) 拆卸塔帽；
Remove top kit

7) 拆卸司机室；(亦可待至与回转总成一起拆卸)
Remove crane cabin

8) 拆卸回转总成；
Remove slewing mechanism

9) 拆卸顶升架及标准节；

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Remove jacking frame and mast

10) 拆卸方形底架。
Remove square frame

10.2.1 拆卸塔身
Remove Tower Body

10.2.1.1 将起重臂回转到标准节的引进方向(即顶升架中有开口的一侧)，

使回转制动器处于制动状态，载重小车停在配平位置(即与安装塔机中顶升

加节时载重小车的配平位置一致)。
Turn the lift jib to the mast introduce direction (The side of the lifting frame
that has an opening), make the slewing brake in braking station, trolley stay at balance
place.

10.2.1.2 拆掉最上面标准节的上、下连接螺栓，并把该节装在引进小车

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上。
Remove the connecting bolts of top mast , and remove the mast to
introduce trolley

10.2.1.3 伸长顶升油缸，将顶升横梁顶在从上往下数第四个踏步的槽内，

将上部结构顶起；当下转台离开标准节顶面 28～30cm 左右，即停止顶升。

Extend the jacking oil cylinder, let the jacking cross beam at the fourth
stand platform channel, jack up the top structure .Stop jacking when the distance is
28-30m between lower turntable and mast

10.2.1.4 将最上一节标准节沿引进梁推出。
Push out the mast

10.2.1.5 回缩油缸，下降至顶升爬爪支承在下一对踏步上，支承住上部

结构后，再回缩油缸。
Retracting oil cylinder. Let the jacking claws lower to next stand platform.
Then retracting oil cylinder again

10.2.1.6 将顶升横梁顶在下一对踏步上，稍微顶升至能提起顶升爬爪后

停止，提起顶升爬爪，继续回缩油缸，至下一标准节与下转台相接触时为止。
Make the jack cross beam jacking next stand platform ,stop jacking when
can lift up jacking claws , and continue to retract the cylinder,to the next standard
section and the next turntable in contact

10.2.1.7 下转台与标准节之间用螺栓连接好后，用小车吊钩将拆掉的标

准节吊至地面 。
Connect the lower turntable and mast by bolts , lift the mast to ground by
hook.

注意：将拆掉的标准节推到引进横梁的外端后，在顶升架的下落过程中，

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需派专人看管顶升横梁和导向轮，观察顶升架下降时有无被障碍物卡住的现

象。以便顶升架能顺利地下降。

10.2.1.8 重复上述动作，将标准节依次拆下。
Repeat above steps to remove all mast.

塔机拆卸至安装高度后，用 8 个高强螺栓将下转台和标准节连接紧固，

注意：M36 高强度螺栓的预紧力为 538KN，每根高强度螺栓均应装配两个垫

圈和两个螺母并拧紧防松。双螺母中防松螺母预紧力应稍大于 538KN。要继

续拆塔，须拆卸平衡臂配重。
After demolition of the tower crane to the installation height, with 8 high-strength
bolts to connect the next turntable and standard section fastening. Note: The preload of
the M36 high strength bolts is 538KN.Each high strength bolt shall be fitted with two
washers and two nuts and tightened to prevent loosening.The tightening force of
locknut in double nuts should be slightly larger than 538KN. The counter weight need
unload if continue demolition of the tower crane

10.2.2 拆卸平衡臂配重
Remove Counter Weight

将小车固定在起重臂根部，借助辅助吊车拆卸配重。
Fixed the trolley at lift jib root . Unload the counter weight by mobile crane.

按装配重的相反顺序， 将各块配重依次卸下，留下一块配重块。
In the reverse order of assembly weight, each block weight is sequentially
removed, leaving a counterweight.

10.2.3 起重臂的拆卸
Remove Lift Jib

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10.2.3.1 将起升钢丝绳卸下， 同时应对钢丝绳全长认真进行检查。

Remove the lifting wire rope, wire rope should also seriously check.

10.2.3.2 根据安装时吊装点挂绳；吊起起重臂，使起重臂拉杆处于放松

状态，拆下拉杆连接销轴。然后拆掉起重臂与回转塔身的连接销轴，将起重

臂放至地面。
According to the installation point of hanging lanyard; lifting boom, so that
the boom bar in a relaxed state, remove the rod connecting pin.Then remove the boom
and swing tower connecting pin, put the boom on the ground

10.2.3.3 将剩余一块配重块卸下。
Unload the last counter weight

10.2.4 平衡臂的拆卸
Remove Counter Jib

通过平衡臂上的四个安装吊耳吊起平衡臂，使平衡臂拉杆处于放松状态，

拆下拉杆连接销轴。然后拆掉平衡臂与回转塔身的连接销轴，将平衡臂放至

地面。
Raise the balance arm with the four mounting lugs on the balance arm, so that the
balance arm lever is in a relaxed position, and remove the tie rod connection pin.And
then remove the balance arm and rotary tower body of the connecting pin,put the
balance arm to the ground

10.2.4 拆卸塔帽
Remove the Top Kit

轻轻吊起塔帽，卸掉塔帽与回转塔身的四个连接销轴，将塔帽放至地面。
Gently lift the tower cap, remove the tower cap and turret body of the four
connecting pin, put the tower cap to the ground

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10.2.6 拆卸司机室
Remove Crane Cabin

10.2.7 拆卸回转总成
Remove the Slewing Mechanism

先开动液压系统，使活塞杆伸出，将顶升横梁两端的销轴放在距离最近

的标准节踏步的槽内并稍稍顶紧，拆掉下转台和顶升架的连接销轴，回缩

油缸活塞杆，使顶升架下落、装上爬升销轴让其搁在塔身节的踏步上，继

续回收油缸活塞杆至原始位置。拆卸下转台与塔身的连接螺栓,再用吊索将

回转总成吊起卸下。
Open the hydraulic system, make out the piston rod, remove the pin which
connected the lower turntable and jacking frame, retract the cylinder piston rod,make
the jacking frame lowing . Continue to retract the cylinder piston rod to its original
position. Remove the bolts which connected lower turntable and tower body , and
unload the slewing mechanism.

10.2.8 拆走顶升架及标准节
Remove the Jacking Frame and Mast

2.3 塔机拆散后的注意事项
Precautions

2.3.1 塔机拆散后，由工程技术人员和专业维修人员进行检查、维修保

养。
After the tower crane is dismantled, the tower crane should be checked and
maintained by engineering technicians and professional maintenance.

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2.3.2 对主要受力的结构件应检查金属疲劳，焊缝裂纹，结构变形等情

况，检查塔机各零部件是否有损坏或碰伤等。
The main force of the structural parts should be checked metal fatigue, weld
cracks, structural deformation, etc., check the tower crane parts are damaged or
bumps, etc.

2.3.3 检查完毕后，对缺陷、隐患进行修复后，再进行除锈、刷漆处理。
After inspection, repair defects, hidden, and then rust, paint treatment

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第十一章 整机维修保养
Part 11 Machine maintenance

为确保安全经济地使用塔机，延长其使用寿命，必须做好塔机的保养与维修

及润滑工作。
To ensure the safe and economical use of tower crane, to extend its service life, must
do a good job of tower crane maintenance and repair and lubrication work

11.1 塔机的保养
Tower Crane Maintenance

11.1.1 经常保持整机清洁，及时清扫。
Always keep the machine clean and timely cleaning

11.1.2 检查各减速器的油量，及时加油。
Check the oil content of the reducer, timely refueling

11.1.3. 注意检查各部位钢丝绳有无松动、断丝、磨损等现象，如超过有

关规定必须及时更换。
Pay attention to check the wire rope loose, broken wire, wear phenomena.
If more than the relevant provisions must be promptly replaced.

11.1.4 检查制动器的效能、间隙，必须保证可靠的灵敏度。
Check the performance of the brake, clearance, must ensure a reliable
sensitivity

11.1.5 检查各安全装置的灵敏可靠性。
Check the sensitivity of each safety device reliability

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11.1.6 检查各螺栓连接处，尤其塔身标准节连接螺栓，当每使用一段时间后，必须
重新进行紧固。
Check the bolts connections, especially the tower standard section
connecting bolts, when each use for some time, you must re-tighten.

11.1.7 检查各钢丝绳头压板、卡子等是否松动，应及时紧固。
Check the rope head pressure plate, clamp, etc. are loose, should be
fastened

11.1.8 钢丝绳、卷筒、滑轮、吊钩等的报废，应严格执行 GB5144-85，

和 GB5972-86 的规定。
Wire rope, reel, pulley, hook and other scrapped, should be strictly enforced
GB5144-85, and GB5972-86 requirements.

11.1.9 检查各金属构件的杆件,腹杆及焊缝有无裂纹, 特别应注意油漆剥

落的地方和部位,尤以油漆呈 45°的斜条纹剥离最危险，必须迅速查明原因

并及时处理。
Check the metal components of the bar, belly and weld cracks, Special
attention should be paid to where and where the paint strippings .Especially in the paint
45 ° oblique strip stripping the most dangerous.The cause must be promptly identified
and dealt with promptly

11.1.10 塔身各处(包括基础节与底架的连接)的连接螺栓螺母，各处连接

直径大于Φ20 的销轴等均为专用特制件，任何情况下，绝对不准代用。
All parts of the tower (including the connection of the base section and the
base) of the bolt nut, the connection diameter greater than Φ20 pins are all special
parts, in any case, absolutely not allowed to substitute

11.1.11 整机及金属机构每使用一个工程后，应进行除锈和喷刷油漆一

次。

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After each use of a machine and metal structures, should be rust and
spray paint once

11.1.12 检查吊具的自动换倍率装置以及吊钩的防脱绳装置是否安全可

靠。
Check the spreader automatic transfer rate device and hook off the rope
device is safe and reliable

11.1.13 观察各电器触头是否氧化或烧损，若有接触不良应修复或更换。
Observe the electrical contacts are oxidized or burned, if any contact
should be repaired or replaced

11.1.14 各限位开关和按钮不得失灵，零件若有生锈或损坏应及时更换。
The limit switches and buttons shall not malfunction, parts rust or damage
should be replaced

11.1.15 各电器开关，与开关板等的绝缘必须良好，其绝缘电阻不应小于

0.5MΩ。
The electrical switch, and switch board insulation must be good, the
insulation resistance should not be less than 0.5MΩ

11.1.16 检查各电器组件之紧固螺栓是否松动，电缆及其它导线是否破

裂，若有应及时排除。
Check the electrical components of the fastening bolts are loose, cable and
other wires are broken, if there should be promptly excluded.

11.2 主要故障及排除方法
Common Trouble and Servicing Methods

11.2.1 一般性故障及排除
General Failures and Servicing Methods

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排除方法
Stt 故障现象 Faults 故障原因 Reason
Servicing Methods
制动器打滑产生
调整制动器弹簧
吊钩下滑和变幅
清除油污
小车制动后向外 制动力矩过小，制动轮表面油污和
调小制动轮、瓦间隙值
溜车 制动时间过长
Adjust the brake spring;
1 Skid brake generates Brake torque is too small,
Clear oil;
hook downturn and brake wheel surface oil and brake
Adjust the small brake
changing trolley car time is too long
wheel, tile clearance
sliding out the rear
value
brake
制动器运转过程中
发热冒烟 加大制动闸瓦间隙
制动闸瓦间隙过小
2 Brake during the Increase the brake shoe
Brake shoe clearance is too small
operation of heating clearance
smoke
减速器温度过高
注意适量增减油量
The temperature of 润滑油缺少或过多
3 increase or decrease
the gear unit is too Lack or excessive lubricant
grease
high
主要是润滑脂过量或太少 按规定更换润滑脂并适
润滑脂质量差 量
减速器轴承温度过 轴承轴向间隙不符合要求或轴承已 重新调整轴承间隙
高 损坏 更换轴承
4 Reducer bearing Excessive or too little grease;Grease Replace the grease as
temperature is too quality is poor; specified;
high Bearing axial clearance does not meet Re-adjust the bearing
the requirements or bearing is clearance;
damaged Replace the bearings
联接部位贴合面的密合性差,轴端密
封圈磨损环严重
减 速 器 漏 油 更换密封圈
5 adhesion between the bonding
Reducer oil leakage Replace the seal ring
portions is poor;
Seal ring wear ring serious
油泵磨损、效率下降 修复或更换损坏件
油箱油量不足或滤油器堵塞 加足油量或清洗滤油器
顶升太慢
6 手动换向阀阀杆与阀孔磨损严重 Repair or replace
Jacking too slow
油缸活塞密封有损伤出现内泄漏 damaged parts;
Pump wear, efficiency decreased; Add enough oil or clean

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Fuel tank is insufficient or the filter is the oil filter

clogged;
Manual valve stem and valve hole
wear serious;
Cylinder piston seal damage occurs
within the leakage
油泵严重内泄 修复或更换磨损件
溢流阀调定压力过低 按要求调节压力
手动换向阀阀芯过度磨损 清洗液压阀
顶升无力或不能顶
溢流阀卡死 Repair or replacement of
升
7 The pump is seriously vented; wear parts;
Jacking weakness or
Relief valve set pressure too low; Adjust the pressure as
can not be jacking
Manual directional valve spool required;
excessive wear; Clean the hydraulic
Overflow valve stuck valve
顶升升压时出现噪
声振动 滤油器堵塞 清洗滤油器
8
Noise occurs when The filter is clogged Clean the oil filter
jacking boosts
顶升系统不工作 电机转向与油泵转向不对 改变电机旋向
9 The jack-up system Motor steering and pump steering Change the motor
does not work wrong rotation
油缸活塞空气未排净 按有关要求排气
顶升时发生颤动爬
导向机构有障碍 调整导向轮
行
10 Cylinder piston air is not clean; According to the
Trembling occurs
There is an obstacle in the guiding requirements of exhaust;
when the climbing
mechanism Adjust the guide wheel
缸头上的平衡阀出现故障
顶升有负载后自降 油缸活塞密封损坏 排出故障,更换密封件
11 Lifting drop after a The balancing valve on the cylinder Discharge fault,
load head has failed; replace the seal
Cylinder piston seal damage
操作手柄没归零
将手柄归零
电控柜熔断器烧断
.换熔断器
总启动按钮失灵 启动按钮、停止按钮接触不良
修或换按钮
12 Total start button The operating handle does not return
Reset the handle;
failed to zero;
Change fuse;
Electric control cabinet fuse blown;
Repair or change button
Start button, stop button bad contact
13 起升动作时跳闸 起升电机过流，过流断电器因过流 检查起升刹车是否打

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Tripping during 吸合 开，过流稳定值是否变

hoisting operation 工地变压器容量不够或变压器至塔 化
机动力电缆的线径不够 更换变压器或加粗电缆
Hoisting motor over-current, Check whether the lift
over-current circuit breaker due to brake is on and whether
over-current pull; the over-current stability
Site transformer capacity is not value changes;
enough or transformer to tower crane Replace the transformer
power cable diameter is not enough or thicken the cable

排除方法
Stt 故障现象 Faults 故障原因 Reason
Servicing Methods
核对接线图
检查熔丝容量是否太小,
控制接线错误 如小更换大的
熔丝烧断 测量电网电压
电机绕组短路，接地及断路 按各种速度供电找出短
电机电压过低 路、断路处予以修复
绕组接线错误 检查制动器电压及绕组
电磁制动器未松闸 是否有断路或卡住
起升机构不能起动 负载过大或传动机械有故障 Check wiring diagram;
The lifting Control wiring error;Fuse blown; Check the fuse capacity, if
14
mechanism can not Motor winding short circuit, ground small replacement larger
be started and open circuit; one;
The motor voltage is too low; Measure the grid voltage;
Wiring Wrong; According to a variety of
The electromagnetic brake is not speed to find out the short
released; circuit, open circuit to be
Load is too large or the transmission repaired;
machinery is faulty Check that the brake
voltage and windings are
open or stuck
机械磨擦 检查定转子间隙是否均
a.定转子相擦 匀
牵引机构有异常噪
b.电机和减速箱不同心 检查滑环是否磨损，并更
声 振 动 过 大
轴承严重缺油或损坏 换
15 Traction mechanism
齿轮箱内缺油 清洗轴承加新润滑油，更
abnormal noise
齿轮磨损 换轴承
vibration is too large
两相运行,有啸啸声 更换齿轮箱
Mechanical friction: 切断电源检查并修复。

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A:Stator and rotor friction; Check whether the stator

B:The motor and gearbox are not and rotor clearance is
concentric; uniform;
Bearing is severely short of oil or Check that the slip ring is
damaged; worn and replaced;
gear box is short of oil; Clean bearings and add
Gear wear; new oil,
Two-phase operation, a whistling replace the bearings;
Replace the gearbox;
Turn off the power and
check
轴承烧坏 更换轴承
牵引机构轴承过热
润滑脂过多或过少 按要求加润滑脂
16 Traction mechanism
Bearing burned out; Replace the bearings;
bearing overheating
Grease too much or too little Add grease as required
电源线及接地线接错
查出并纠正
接地不良
接地要接触良好
牵引机构带电 电机接线擦伤接地
查出并纠正
17 Traction mechanism Power cord and ground wire are
Identify and correct;
charged connected incorrectly;
Ground wire to be in good
Poor grounding;
contact
Motor wiring scratches ground
制动器弹簧断失效，须更
牵引机构制动器失 制动力矩过小
换励磁,电压不足
灵 摩擦片磨损间隙增大
18 Brake spring failure,
Traction mechanism Braking torque is too small;
to be replaced excitation,
brake failure Friction plate wear gap increases
voltage is insufficient
负载过大 测定子电流, 如大于额定
负载持续及工作不符合规定 值要减小负载。
两相远行 按规定进行运行
电源电压过低或过高 测量三相电流, 排除故障
电机绕组接地或匝间、相间短路 检查输入电压并纠正
牵引机构电动机温
摩擦片间隙不对 找出原因，并修复
升过高或冒烟
制动和释放时间不对 按要求调节间隙
The traction
19 电机通阻塞，温度升高 检查制动器电压及延迟
mechanism motor
Load is too large;The load continues 断电器动作时间，消除故
temperature rise is
and the work does not comply; 障
too high or smoke
Two-phase travel; 保持通风道畅通;
Supply voltage is too low or too high; Determine the sub-current,
The motor winding is grounded or such as greater than the
inter-turn short-circuited; rated value to reduce the
Friction plate gap is wrong; load;

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Brake and release time is incorrect; Measuring three-phase

The motor is blocked and the current, troubleshooting;
temperature is increased; Check the input voltage
and correct;
Adjust the gap as required;
Check the brake voltage
and delay the operating
time of the breaker to
eliminate the fault;
Keep ventilation duct
open;
回转机构启动不了 主要看有否异物卡在齿轮处
清除异物
20 Rotary mechanism Mainly to see whether the foreign
Remove foreign objects
can not start body card in the gear

11.2.2 与电气有关的故障及排除
Failure and troubleshooting relevant with electric

与电气组件相关，因其接触不良或组件耗损，导致与之相应的动作失灵

或不准确等故障。
Due to poor contact element depletion of electrical components, leading to corresponding
action is failure or inaccurate fault,please see the instructions about the electronic control
components, seek the cause and troubleshooting.

11.3 各部润滑表
Lubrication chart for each part

表 4.3-1
润滑部位名称
润 滑 剂 种 类 Lubricant
Stt 零部件名称 lubricating position 润滑方法及周期(小时)
Type
name
石墨钙基润滑脂
起升钢丝绳
ZG-SSY1405-65 每大、中修时煮油
钢丝绳 变幅钢丝绳
1 Calcium-based graphite add oil every
wire rope Wire rope for lifting
grease large,medium respair
and slewing
ZG-SSY1405-65

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夏季（高于 10℃）：N220
中负荷工业齿轮油
冬季（低于 10℃）：N150
a. 起升机构变速箱
中负荷工业齿轮油
b. 回转机构减速器
Summer(high than
gear box for lifting
10℃):N220 Load 每运行 240 小时适当加
mechanism;
industrial gear oil; 油，1500 小时换油一次
reducer for slewing
减速器 winter(less than 10 ℃ ), add oil suitable oil every
2 mechanism
reducer N150 Load industrial work 240hours,
gear oil
replace oil one time
after 1500hours
二硫化钼-2 或 ZL-2 或
牵引机构减速器 锂基润滑脂
reducer for traction Molybdenum disulfide
mechanism or -2 or ZL-2 lithium
grease
减速器中各滚动轴承
卷筒轴承
吊钩止推轴承 钙基润滑脂 每运行 160 小时适当加
回转支承装置 ZG-2 油, 每半年清除一次
滚动轴承
Each rolling bearings 钙的基润滑脂 Add suitable oil every
3 Rolling
for reducers; Calcium-based grease; work 160hours,
bearings
reels bearing; ZG-2; clear one time every
Hooks thrust bearings; Calcium-based grease half year
slewing bearing
device
冬季：钙基润滑脂 每工作 1500 小时，换油
ZG-2 一次
夏季：钙基润滑脂 replace oil one time
电动机轴承 ZG-5 every work 1500hours
所有电动机
4 bearing for Winter: Calcium-based
all motor
motor greaseZG-2

Summer: Calcium-based
greaseZG-5
起升机构定，动滑轮 冬季：ZG-2 每工作 240 小时，换油
定、动滑轮组 各 导 向 轮 夏季：ZG-5 一次
Fixed, Guide-diection wheel Replace oil one time
5
movable for Fixed, Winter: ZG-2 every work 240hours
pulley movable pulley of Summer: ZG-5
lifting machanism

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牵引机构滑动轴承 冬季：ZG-2 每工作 160 小时，适当

电缆卷筒滑动轴承 夏季：ZG-5 加油，每半年清除一次
滑动轴承 Slide bearing for add oil every work
6
slide bearing traction Winter: ZG-2 160hours,
mechanism and Summer: ZG-5 clear one time every
cable reels half year
制动器杠杆 每工作 56 小时用油壶加
系统铰点 油一次
各个铰点
7 Brake lever 机油 engine oil Add oil one time every
each hinge point
system hinge work 56hours
point
起重臂与塔 拆卸与安装前
身二铰点 before disassemble and
钙 基 润 滑 脂
Hinge point 各个铰点 installing
8 Calcium-based grease
between each hinge point
ZG-2 (ZG-5)
lifting jib and
tower body
各运动部位及导向槽 每工作 160 小时，油壶
换倍率装置
each active body and 加 油 一 次 add oil one
9 change times 机油 engine oil
guide-direction time every work
device
channel 160hours
齿轮联轴器 各机构、齿轮联轴器 一季度注油一次
钙 基 润 滑 脂
10 Gear gear couplings for Fill oil every 3months
Calcium-based grease
Couplings each mechanism
工作 200 小时增添部分
液压顶升 清洁油，工作 2400 小时
泵站 美 国 ESSO 公 司 (USA 后完全更换油
油箱
11 hydraulic ESSO Company) Add clean-oil after work
oil tank
jacking pump AW46 200hours,
station replace oil after
2400hours

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第十二章 塔机安全操纵规程
Part 12 Safety Operation Stipulations

12.1 司机与起重工
Driver and Workers

12.1.1 必须严格执行 ZBJ80012-89《塔式起重机操作使用规程》的有关

规定 ，司机与起重工必须是按劳动人事部门有关规定进行考核并取得合格
证者。
Strictly comply with stipulations of ZBJ80012-89 Tower crane operating
stipulations, drivers and workers must pass the qualifications and get the certification.

12.1.2 司机必须了解所操作塔机的工作原理，熟悉该塔机的构造及安全
装置的功能及其调整方法， 掌握该起重机各项性能的操作方法以及该起重
机的维修保养技术。
The driver must learn the work principle of tower crane,familiar with
construction of tower crane, and purpose of safety device, and adjustment method,
grasp the each performances and maintenance technique.

12.1.3 严格按本说明书提供的起重特性表操作，严禁超载运行。
Operate according to this operating instructions, prohibit the operate with
over-load.

12.1.4 起升机构、回转机构、牵引机构的操作动作要柔和， 由低速到高

速逐步转换，不得将操作手柄从静止(或低速) 猛地向中速或高速位置推进。
The operation actions of lifting mechanism,slewing mechanism,traction
mechanism should be smooth, transfer from low speed to high speed step by step, the
operating handle can not push from stop or low speed to medium or high speed
position.

12.1.5 不准斜拉斜吊物品，不准抽吊交错挤压物品， 不准起吊埋在土里

或冻粘在地上的物品。

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The goods can not be lift by tilt,the goods buried in the ground can not be
lift.

12.1.6 有物品悬挂在空中时，司机与起重工不得离开工作岗位。
The driver and worker can not leave the work duty when goods hanging on the
air

12.17 指挥的信号、手势、旗号应符合 GB5082-85 规定。

Command signals, gestures, and flags should meet the provisions of
GB5082-85

12.1.8 司机必须认真做好起重机的使用、维修、 保养和交接班的记录工

作。
The driver must do a good job in the use of the crane, maintenance,
maintenance and shift work record

12.1.9 严禁司机酒后上机操作
Do not drink the driver on the machine operation

12.2 机械部分及其它
Mechanism and others

12.2.1 起重机的工作环境温度为-20℃～+40℃，风力应小于 13m/s。

The work ambient temp is -20℃ ～ +40℃,work wind speed is less than
13m/s.

12.2.2 塔机上的所有安全保护装置，必须随时保养， 严禁任意搬动和拆

卸，严禁超负荷使用。
Tower of all security devices must be maintained at all times, is strictly
prohibited any removal and removal, non-overload.

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12.2.3 夜间作业，施工现场必须备有充分的照明设施。
At night, the construction site must be equipped with adequate lighting
facilities.

12.2.4 塔机经过大修或转移工地重新安装前注意事项：
Tower Crane Precautions After Overhaul or Transfer Site Before Re-installation :

12.2.4.1 严格认真检查各联接处各铰接头，销轴有无裂纹、锈蚀、损伤。
Strictly check the joints of the joints, the pin with or without cracks,
corrosion, damage

12.2.4.2 检查刚性拉杆、钢丝绳、滑轮、吊钩及换倍率装置等重要零件
是否符合使用条件。
Check if the important parts such as the rigid rod, wire rope, pulley, hook
and change ratio device meet the conditions of use.

12.2.4.3 检查金属结构件变形，焊缝等情况应符合使用条件。
Check the deformation of metal structures, welds and other conditions
should be consistent with the conditions of use

12.2.4.4 对起升、顶升、回转、变幅应进行试运转至正常。
On the lifting, jacking, turning, luffing should be carried out to normal
operation

12.2.5 检查电气控制系统应符合要求;停机修理或维护保养时，必须切断
总电源，不许带电作业。
Check the electrical control system should meet the requirements.
Shutdown repair or maintenance, you must cut off the total power, not
allowed to live work.

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12.2.6 地面、楼台、施工面要设专人指挥塔机作业，与司机联络，必须
规定严格的信号或手势，旗号等，最好采用步话机联络。
Set up a person command tower crane operations at ground, the tower, the
construction surface.Must provide a strict signal or gesture, banner, etc., preferably
using a walkie-talkie contact.

12.2.7 应保证塔机的使用电压在 380V±10%的范围内，否则塔机的电气

设容易损坏。
Should ensure that the use of tower crane voltage in the 380V ± 10% range,
or tower crane electrical damage easily

12.2.8 在遇大雷雨，暴雨，浓雾或塔机最高处风速超过 13m/s 时一律停

止起重作业。
In the event of thunderstorms, heavy rain, fog or tower at the highest wind
speed more than 13m / s when lifting operations

12.2.9 在多台塔机同时进入一个施工现场时， 塔机的平面布置要合理，

相互之间不得在空间交错和发生干涉。
Tower cranes in a same project at same time, the plane layout should be
reasonable, not in the space between the staggered and interference

12.2.10 司机在接通地面电源，登上塔机进入司机室内应全面检查按钮操作手柄等是否处
于非工作状态，确认无误后方可启动总按钮。
When switch on the ground power, enter in the driver cab, the driver should
check the push button operating handle if in the non-work condition, start the total
button after confirm well.

12.2.11 司机必须严格按照本塔机技术性能表和起重特性曲线图的规定
作业，不得超载或强行作业。
The driver must work comply with performance and curve diagram,
overload is not allowed.

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12.2.12 操作时避免起重吊钩着地，以免引起卷筒钢丝绳乱绳，如果吊钩
必须着地，则吊钩着地后再次起升时， 必须注意监视卷筒钢丝绳排列情况，
必要时须重新将钢丝绳排列整齐。平时也要注意卷筒上钢丝绳的排绳情况，
若出现乱绳现象须重新将钢丝绳排列整齐 。
When operating, avoid the lifting hook touch the ground.

12.2.13 紧固在载重小车侧面的吊篮是供维修使用的，当需要维修起重臂
上的某一零件时，维修人员可站在吊栏内随载重小车一起执行维修任务，吊
篮的额定承载重量为 100 公斤，当起吊重物时，吊栏内严禁站人，在立塔施
工中，地面安装起重臂时， 要仔细检查吊篮与载重小车的连接是否完善可
靠。
The hanging basket on the side of trolley is used for repair, the load
capacity is 100kg, when lifting heavy goods, prohibit to stand person.

12.2.14 各机构需要反向运行时，必须待电机正转停止后，再启动反转，
反之也一样。
The agencies need to reverse the operation, the motor must be to stop
after the turn, and then start the reverse

12.2.15 发现塔机有异常现象时，应停机切断电源，待查清并排除故障后
再使用。
If find abnormal, the power supply should be cut off, use after remove
faults.

12.2.16 塔机在每班作业完毕后，吊钩必须升高至超过周围最高障碍物的
高度，载重小车收放在最小幅度处， 回转制动器处于松开状态，切断总电
源方可离去。
After finish work, the lifting jib should rotary to direction of parallel with
buildings, raise the lifting hook to the height exceeds the surrounding buildings. The
trolley with loads is in the min range position, brakes of slewing in the loosen condition,
after cut off total electric, then leave.

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12.2.17 每班工作前，司机必须对塔身、起重臂、回转支承、起重臂刚性
拉杆，平衡臂拉杆、卷筒联接螺栓， 刹车制动器及换倍率装置等主要关键
部位的销轴，螺栓等进行日常检查、紧固，确定无松动或脱离现象才允许开
车作业;
Before work, the driver must conduct the daily check,such as tower body,lift
jib, slewing bearing,counter jib and so on , fasten the rigidity pulling rod, bolts,pins.

12.2.18 司机对减速器、滑轮、轴承座及换倍率器等处要按规日常保养加
油，如发现有漏油现象，要及时处理;
The driver should fill oil for the reducer,pulley, bearing seat and device of
changing times, if has oil-leakage, should solve in time.

12.2.19 司机在正式作业之前，必须逐项检查各安全装置的可靠性，绝不
允许在安全装置失灵的情况下勉强作业;
Before formal work, the driver must check each safety device reliability.

12.2.20 司机操作起升机构时，对于不同档位速度，有最大起重量的限制，
具体参照下表。如用 4 倍率以高速提升大于 4t 重物时，高速无法动作，控制
系统自动切换到中速档位上。
When operating lifting mechanism, for the different gear speed, there are
maximum weight limits, refer to the sheet 2.2-1, use times four to lift more than 5ton
goods, can not work with high speed, it will automatically change to medium speed
gear.

times speed low medium high

4 8t 8t 4t
2 4t 4t 2t
12.2.21 每月检查螺栓时，须对安装螺栓的连接套及附近的母材进行检
查，未安装附着架塔机特别需对支撑节以上的三节标准节进行检查，安装了
附着架的塔机特别需对最上一道附着架附近的上两节下一节标准节进行检
查。每月须对过渡节进行检查，特别需对其连接耳板及附近的母材进行检查。
Check the high strengthen bolts every month.

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12.2.22 每三个月须对起重臂上弦杆及拉杆的连接耳板及附近的母材和
下弦杆的接头及附近的母材进行检查。
Check the connecting ear plate of lifting jib upper rod and joints of down
rod every three months.

12.2.23 每次顶升加节或降塔减节时，须对标准节的踏步及液压顶升系
统的顶升横梁进行检查。
Check the steps and jacking beam of hydraulic system when adding or
reducing the tower masts.

12.3 高强度螺栓的使用和检查
Using and Check for High Strengthen Bolts

12.3.1 高强度螺栓安装前的准备
Preparation

塔身的高强度连接螺栓使用前必须检查，检查时须用煤油等清洗剂对螺
栓、螺母和垫圈清洗干净。破损和任何可疑的破损（包括螺杆和螺纹部分锈
蚀）都不能使用。
The high strengthen bolt must check before using, when check, use the kerosene
to wash the bolts,nuts and gaskets, if it is broken,can not use.

每次安装前螺栓、螺母和垫圈必须用 MoS2 润滑脂涂裹，特别是结合面，

以达到均衡摩擦。
Each time install the bolts, nuts and gaskets,must use MoS2 grease to coat.

12.3.2 高强度螺栓的拧紧
Screw tight

高强度螺栓的螺母须达到预紧力矩，其中防松螺母力矩应稍大于预紧力
矩。

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High-strength bolts nuts to be pre-tightening torque, which should be slightly larger

than the locking nut torque torque

12.3.3 安装后的检查
Check After installation

塔机立塔后应按下列规定对螺栓进行检查，先一周二次，再一周一次，
两周一次然后一月一次。
After erecting,check the bolts according to the below stipulations.First,two times
every week, then one time every week, one time every two weeks, then one time
every month,within half one year, remove 2~3groups bolts, check the condition of
deformation and corrosion.

12.4 钢丝绳的检查
Check the wire rope
12.4.1 起重机械中的钢丝绳是易损件。缺乏维护是钢丝绳寿命短的主要原
因之一。
Wire rope is easy damage parts, which is worn out easily without daily
maintenance.

12.4.2 对钢丝绳应进行适时地清洗并涂以润滑油或润滑脂。
The wire rope should be washed and coated with grease in the proper time.

每个工作日都要尽可能对钢丝绳的任何可见部位进行观察，以便发现损
坏与变形情况。特别应留心钢丝绳在机械上的固定部位，发现有任何明显变
化时，应予报告并由主管人员按照《起重机械用钢丝绳检验和报废实用规范》
（GB5972-86）中第 2.4.2 款进行检验。
Every day, try best to watch the visible position of wire rope, in order to find the
damage and deformation,especially notice that the fixed part in the mechanism, when
find any obvious change, should report and let special person check according to
guideline.

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每日工作前和塔机工作时司机和地面工作人员应注意载重小车和吊钩
的钢丝绳是否有跳绳现象，发现跳绳现象应立即停止工作，穿好钢丝绳再工
作。
Check the trolley and hook wire rope before work everyday.

12.4.4 保证每周至少检验一次。
Check once a week at least

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