NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 11
NOVEMBER 2018
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY: ELECTRONICS
MARKS: 200
TIME: 3 hours
This question paper consists of 11 pages, including a formula sheet.
2 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. The question paper consists of NINE questions.
2. Answer ALL the questions.
3. Sketches and diagrams must be large, neat and fully labelled.
4. ALL calculations must be shown, and correctly rounded off to TWO decimal
places.
5. Answers must be numbered correctly according to the numbering system used
in this question paper.
6. You may use a non-programmable calculator.
7. Show the units for ALL answers of calculations.
8. A formula sheet is provided at the end of the question paper.
9. Write neatly and legibly.
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) 3
QUESTION 1: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
1.1 Describe the term regulation with regard to OHS. (2)
1.2 State TWO unsafe conditions that must be avoided in a workshop. (2)
1.3 Give ONE unsafe act in a school workshop that can cause an accident. (1)
1.4 State ONE procedure that must be followed when assisting an injured person. (1)
[6]
QUESTION 2: TOOLS AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
2.1 State TWO applications of an oscilloscope. (2)
2.2 Explain the operation of a line tester. (2)
2.3 Name ONE application of a Jigsaw. (1)
2.4 Describe the function of a crimping tool. (1)
[6]
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4 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
QUESTION 3: WAVE FORMS
3.1 Name the TWO fields that combine to form a radio wave. (2)
3.2 Name ONE application of a radio wave. (1)
3.3 Design and label THREE different types of waveforms. (6)
3.4 Explain the term rise time with reference to a waveform. (2)
3.5 Refer to FIGURE 3.1 below and answer the questions that follow.
FIGURE 3.1
3.5.1 Identify labels 1–3. (3)
Determine:
3.5.2 The period (1)
3.5.3 The peak to peak voltage (3)
3.5.4 The frequency (2)
3.5.5 The average value (3)
3.5.6 The RMS value (3)
[26]
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) 5
QUESTION 4: RLC
4.1 Name TWO factors that influence the reactance of an inductor. (2)
4.2 Describe the term impedance in a RLC circuit. (2)
4.3 Draw the frequency/impendence characteristic curve of a series RLC circuit.
The graph must show the relationship between reactance and the change in
frequency, as well as the resonant frequency. (4)
4.4 List THREE conditions that occur during resonance. (3)
4.5 Refer to the circuit diagram in FIGURE 4.5.
FIGURE 4.5: SERIES RLC CIRCUIT
Given: R = 30 Ω
L = 400 mH
C = 47 µF
f =50 Hz
Calculate:
4.5.1 The inductive reactance of the coil. (3)
4.5.2 The capacitive reactance of the capacitor. (3)
4.5.3 The impedance of the circuit. (3)
4.5.4 The resonant frequency. (3)
4.6 Explain the relationship between XL and the frequency above resonant
frequency. (3)
[26]
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6 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
QUESTION 5: SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
5.1 Explain the term semiconductor. (2)
5.2 Name TWO impurities which can be added to pure silicon to create P-type
material. (2)
5.3 For the normal operation of a transistor, which junction always needs to be:
5.3.1 Forward biased (2)
5.3.2 Reverse biased (2)
5.4 Draw the circuit symbols for the following:
5.4.1 SCR (3)
5.4.2 TRIAC (3)
5.4.3 Draw a fully labelled characteristic curve of a TRIAC (6)
5.5 Explain TWO ways to turn an SCR OFF. (4)
5.6
FIGURE 5.1
5.6.1 Identify labels 1–5. (5)
5.7 Explain TWO disadvantages of a SCR. (4)
5.8 Draw the characteristic curve of a silicon diode, and explain how it operates. (10)
5.9 Explain the purpose of a DIAC. (2)
5.10 Explain the term Q point. (1)
[46]
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) 7
QUESTION 6: POWER SUPPLIES
6.1 Explain the main purpose of a transformer. (2)
6.2 Draw the block diagram and waveforms showing the four stages of a power
supply circuit with each stage clearly labelled and showing a simple circuit
symbol in each block. (8)
6.3 The centre tapped transformer used in a bi-phase full wave rectifier circuit
produced 17.1 Vrms across each of its windings. If the diodes used in the circuit
each have a forward junction voltage of 0,6 V and the circuit supplies a 200 Ω
load.
Calculate the following:
6.3.1 Peak secondary voltage (3)
6.3.2 Peak load voltage (3)
6.3.3 Average voltage across the load (4)
[20]
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8 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
QUESTION 7: AMPLIFIERS
7.1 Explain the term amplifier in your own words. (2)
7.2 State ONE use of a class AB amplifier. (1)
7.3 Describe how class C amplification is obtained. (2)
7.4 List THREE common types of transistor configurations. (3)
7.5 Give TWO types of biasing used in amplifier design. (2)
7.6 What are the main features of the following transistor configurations?
7.6.1 Common collector (1)
7.6.2 Common base (1)
7.6.3 Common emitter (1)
7.7 Refer to FIGURE 7.1 below and answer the questions that follow.
FIGURE 7.1
Calculate the:
7.7.1 Quiescent base current (3)
7.7.2 Quiescent collector current (3)
7.7.3 Quiescent collector-emitter voltage (3)
7.7.4 Plot the quiescent point (Q point) onto the transistor characteristic. (4)
7.8 Name TWO advantages of negative feedback. (2)
7.9 Draw and label a block diagram of negative feedback. (4)
[32]
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) 9
QUESTION 8: SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS
8.1 Explain the following:
8.1.1 A sensor (2)
8.1.2 Proximity sensors (2)
8.2 Name and describe the electrical effect that quartz crystal exhibits when it is
put under pressure. (3)
8.3 Describe the main purpose of a temperature sensor. (2)
8.4 List THREE types of humidity sensors. (3)
[12]
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10 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) (EC/NOVEMBER 2018)
QUESTION 9: COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
9.1 Define the term modulation. (2)
9.2 List THREE types of common oscillators which rely on positive feedback. (3)
9.3 Explain the main role of a voltage controlled oscillator. (2)
9.4 Describe what automatic frequency control (OFC) is, when referring to
receivers. (2)
9.5 Name TWO methods of radio modulation. (2)
9.6 Draw a clearly labelled block diagram of an FM radio transmitter. (5)
9.7 What does the term SSB stand for when referring to radio transmission? (1)
9.8 FIGURE 9.8 below shows the block diagram of a frequency modulation (FM)
receiver.
FIGURE 9.8
Explain the following terms:
9.8.1 RF Amplifier (2)
9.8.2 Oscillator (2)
9.8.3 Mixer (2)
9.8.4 FM Demodulator/Discriminator (3)
[26]
TOTAL: 200
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(EC/NOVEMBER 2018) ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONICS) 11
ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
FORMULA SHEET
WAVE FORMS RLC CIRCUITS
Frequency of rotation Inductive reactance
1
𝑓= 𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝑙
𝑇
Capacitive reactance
𝑓 =𝑝 ×𝑛
1
instantaneous value 𝑋𝐶 =
2𝜋𝑓𝑐
𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓 Impedance
𝜃 = 𝜔𝑡
𝑧 = √𝑅2 + (𝑋𝐿 − 𝑋𝐶 )2
𝑖 = 𝐼𝑀𝐴𝑋 × 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜃
𝑣 = 𝑉𝑀𝐴𝑋 × 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜃
POWER
Maximum value
𝑃 = 𝑉 𝐼 𝐶𝑂𝑆 𝜃
𝑉𝑀𝐴𝑋= 𝑉𝑅𝑀𝑆 × 1,414 (𝑉)
POWER FACTOR
𝑉𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 2𝜋𝛽𝐴𝑛𝑁
𝑅
𝐸 = 𝐵𝑙𝑉 𝐶𝑂𝑆 𝜃 =
𝑍
𝑉𝑅
𝐶𝑂𝑆 𝜃 =
𝑉𝑍
WAVEFORMS AMPLIFIERS
𝑉𝐶𝐸 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑉𝑉𝐶𝐶
RMS Value
𝑉𝑅𝑀𝑆 = 𝑉𝑀𝐴𝑋 × 0.707 𝑉𝐶𝐶 = 𝑉𝐶𝐸 + 𝐼𝐶 𝑅𝐶
𝑉𝐶𝐶 − 𝑉𝐶𝐸
Average value 𝐼𝐵 =
𝑅𝐵
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 × 0.637
𝑉𝐶𝐶− 𝑉𝐶𝐸
𝐼𝐶 =
𝑅𝐶
𝐼𝐶 = 𝛽𝐼𝐵
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