SUBJECT CODE : 310254(C)

As per Revised Syllabus of

Savitribai Phule Pune University
Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
T.E. (Computer) Semester - VI Elective - II

Cloud Computing

Iresh A. Dhotre
M.E. (Information Technology)
Ex-Faculty, Sinhgad College of Engineering,
Pune.

® ®
TECHNICAL
PUBLICATIONS
SINCE 1993 An Up-Thrust for Knowledge

(i)
Cloud Computing

Subject Code : 310254(C)

T.E. (Computer Engineering) Semester - VI Elective - II

ã Copyright with Author

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ISBN 978-93-91567-40-8

9 789391 567408 SPPU 19

9789391567408 [1] (ii)

Preface
The importance of Cloud Computing is well known in various engineering fields.
Overwhelming response to my books on various subjects inspired me to write this book. The
book is structured to cover the key aspects of the subject Cloud Computing.
The book uses plain, lucid language to explain fundamentals of this subject. The book
provides logical method of explaining various complicated concepts and stepwise methods
to explain the important topics. Each chapter is well supported with necessary illustrations,
practical examples and solved problems. All the chapters in the book are arranged in a
proper sequence that permits each topic to build upon earlier studies. All care has been
taken to make students comfortable in understanding the basic concepts of the subject.
Representative questions have been added at the end of each section to help the
students in picking important points from that section.
The book not only covers the entire scope of the subject but explains the philosophy of
the subject. This makes the understanding of this subject more clear and makes it more
interesting. The book will be very useful not only to the students but also to the subject
teachers. The students have to omit nothing and possibly have to cover nothing more.
I wish to express my profound thanks to all those who helped in making this book a
reality. Much needed moral support and encouragement is provided on numerous
occasions by my whole family. I wish to thank the Publisher and the entire team of
Technical Publications who have taken immense pain to get this book in time with quality
printing.
Any suggestion for the improvement of the book will be acknowledged and well
appreciated.

Author
I. A. Dhotre

Dedicated to God.

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Syllabus
Cloud Computing - 310254(C)
Credit : Examination Scheme :

Mid-Semester (TH) : 30 Marks

03
End-Semester (TH) : 70 Marks

Unit I Introduction to Cloud Computing

Importance of Cloud Computing, Characteristics, Pros and Cons of Cloud Computing, Migrating
into the Cloud, Seven-step model of migration into a Cloud, Trends in Computing. Cloud Service
Models : SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, Storage. Cloud Architecture : Cloud Computing Logical Architecture,
Developing Holistic Cloud Computing Reference Model, Cloud System Architecture, Cloud
Deployment Models. (Chapter - 1)

Unit II Data Storage and Cloud Computing

Data Storage : Introduction to Enterprise Data Storage, Direct Attached Storage, Storage Area
Network, Network Attached Storage, Data Storage Management, File System, Cloud Data Stores,
Using Grids for Data Storage. Cloud Storage : Data Management, Provisioning Cloud storage, Data
Intensive Technologies for Cloud Computing. Cloud Storage from LANs to WANs : Cloud
Characteristics, Distributed Data Storage. (Chapter - 2)

Unit III Virtualization in Cloud Computing

Introduction : Definition of Virtualization, Adopting Virtualization, Types of Virtualization,
Virtualization Architecture and Software, Virtual Clustering, Virtualization Application, Pitfalls of
Virtualization. Grid, Cloud and Virtualization : Virtualization in Grid, Virtualization in Cloud,
Virtualization and Cloud Security. Virtualization and Cloud Computing : Anatomy of Cloud
Infrastructure, Virtual infrastructures, CPU Virtualization, Network and Storage Virtualization.
(Chapter - 3)

Unit IV Cloud Platforms and Cloud Applications

Amazon Web Services (AWS) : Amazon Web Services and Components, Amazon Simple DB, Elastic
Cloud Computing (EC2), Amazon Storage System, Amazon Database services (Dynamo DB).
Microsoft Cloud Services : Azure core concepts, SQL Azure, Windows Azure Platform Appliance.
Cloud Computing Applications : Healthcare : ECG Analysis in the Cloud, Biology : Protein
Structure Prediction, Geosciences : Satellite Image Processing, Business and Consumer Applications
: CRM and ERP, Social Networking, Google Cloud Application : Google App Engine. Overview of
OpenStack architecture. (Chapter - 4)

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Unit V Security in Cloud Computing
Risks in Cloud Computing : Risk Management, Enterprise-Wide Risk Management, Types of Risks
in Cloud Computing. Data Security in Cloud : Security Issues, Challenges, advantages,
Disadvantages, Cloud Digital persona and Data security, Content Level Security. Cloud Security
Services : Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability, Security Authorization Challenges in the Cloud,
Secure Cloud Software Requirements, Secure Cloud Software Testing. (Chapter - 5)

Unit VI Advanced Techniques in Cloud Computing

Future Trends in cloud Computing, Mobile Cloud, Automatic Cloud Computing : Comet Cloud.
Multimedia Cloud : IPTV, Energy Aware Cloud Computing, Jungle Computing, Distributed Cloud
Computing Vs Edge Computing, Containers, Docker, and Kubernetes, Introduction to DevOps. IOT
and Cloud Convergence : The Cloud and IoT in your Home, The IOT and cloud in your
Automobile, PERSONAL : IoT in Healthcare. (Chapter - 6)

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Table of Contents
Unit - I
Chapter - 1 Introduction to Cloud Computing (1 - 1) to (1 - 34)
1.1 Overview of Cloud Computing ........................................................................ 1 - 2
1.1.1 Cloud Components ....................................................................................... 1 - 3
1.2 Importance of Cloud Computing..................................................................... 1 - 4
1.2.1 Characteristics of Cloud Computing ............................................................ 1 - 5
1.2.2 Pros and Cons of Cloud Computing ............................................................. 1 - 5
1.2.3 Cloud Applications ....................................................................................... 1 - 6
1.3 Migrating into the Cloud ................................................................................. 1 - 7
1.4 Seven-step Model of Migration into a Cloud .................................................. 1 - 9
1.5 Trends in Computing ..................................................................................... 1 - 10
1.6 Cloud Service Models .................................................................................... 1 - 11
1.6.1 Software as a Service (SaaS) ...................................................................... 1 - 12
1.6.2 Platform as a Service (PaaS)....................................................................... 1 - 13
1.6.3 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) ............................................................... 1 - 15
1.6.4 Difference between IaaS, PaaS and SaaS ................................................... 1 - 16
1.7 Cloud Computing Logical Architecture ......................................................... 1 - 17
1.7.1 Cloud Computing Service Architecture ...................................................... 1 - 19
1.8 Developing Holistic Cloud Computing Reference Model.............................. 1 - 20
1.8.1 Complete View of Cloud Management ...................................................... 1 - 21
1.8.2 Cloud Computing Reference Model ........................................................... 1 - 22
1.9 Cloud System Architecture .......................................................................... 1 - 24
1.9.1 Single Cloud Site Architectures ................................................................... 1 - 25
1.9.2 Redundant 3-Tier Architecture ................................................................... 1 - 25
1.9.3 Multi-Data Centre Architecture .................................................................. 1 - 26
1.10 Cloud Deployment Models .......................................................................... 1 - 27
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 1.10.1 Difference between Public and Private Cloud ............................................ 1 - 30
1.11 Multiple Choice Questions with Answers ..................................................... 1 - 30
Unit - II
Chapter - 2 Data Storage and Cloud Computing (2 - 1) to (2 - 28)
2.1 Introduction to Enterprise Data Storage ........................................................ 2 - 2
2.1.1 Direct Attached Storage ............................................................................... 2 - 2
2.1.2 Storage Area Network .................................................................................. 2 - 3
2.1.3 Network - attached Storage ......................................................................... 2 - 5
2.1.4 Comparison between NAS and SAN ............................................................. 2 - 9
2.1.5 Comparison between DAS, NAS and SAN ................................................... 2 - 10
2.2 Data Storage Management ........................................................................... 2 - 10
2.2.1 Data Storage Management Tools ............................................................... 2 - 10
2.2.2 Storage Management Process .................................................................... 2 - 11
2.2.3 Cloud Provisioning ...................................................................................... 2 - 11
2.3 File System....................................................................................................... 2 - 12
2.3.1 FAT File System ........................................................................................... 2 - 13
2.3.2 NTFS ............................................................................................................ 2 - 13
2.3.3 Cloud File System........................................................................................ 2 - 13
2.4 Cloud Data Stores.......................................................................................... 2 - 15
2.4.1 Distributed Data Store ................................................................................ 2 - 16
2.4.2 Data Store Types ......................................................................................... 2 - 16
2.4.2.1 BigTable........................................................................................................ 2 - 16
2.4.2.2 Dynamo ........................................................................................................ 2 - 17

2.5 Using Grids for Data Storage......................................................................... 2 - 18

2.6 Cloud Storage ................................................................................................ 2 - 19
2.6.1 Data Management for Cloud Storage ......................................................... 2 - 20
2.6.2 Cloud Data Management Interface ........................................................... 2 - 21
2.6.3 Cloud Storage Requirement ....................................................................... 2 - 21
2.6.4 Provisioning Cloud Storage ......................................................................... 2 - 22

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 2.6.5 Data Intensive Technologies for Cloud Computing .................................... 2 - 23
2.7 Cloud Storage from LANs to WANs ................................................................. 2 - 24
2.7.1 Cloud Characteristics .................................................................................. 2 - 24
2.7.2 Distributed Data Storage ............................................................................ 2 - 24
2.8 Multiple Choice Questions with Answers ..................................................... 2 - 26
Unit - III
Chapter - 3 Virtualization in Cloud Computing (3 - 1) to (3 - 30)
3.1 Definition of Virtualization .............................................................................. 3 - 2
3.2 Adopting Virtualization ................................................................................... 3 - 3
3.3 Types of Virtualizations ................................................................................... 3 - 4
3.3.1 Example : Wine ............................................................................................ 3 - 5
3.3.2 Server Virtualization .................................................................................... 3 - 6
3.3.3 Operating Level Virtualization ..................................................................... 3 - 9
3.3.4 Para-Virtualization ..................................................................................... 3 - 11
3.4 Full Virtualization .......................................................................................... 3 - 12
3.4.1 Memory Virtualization ............................................................................... 3 - 13
3.4.2 I/O Virtualization........................................................................................ 3 - 14
3.4.3 Difference between Full and Para Virtualization ....................................... 3 - 15
3.5 Storage Virtualization.................................................................................... 3 - 15
3.5.1 Network Virtualization............................................................................... 3 - 18
3.6 Virtual Clustering.......................................................................................... 3 - 19
3.7 Virtualization Application.............................................................................. 3 - 20
3.8 Pitfalls of Virtualization ................................................................................. 3 - 21
3.9 Grid, Cloud and Virtualization ....................................................................... 3 - 21
3.9.1 Virtualization in Grid ................................................................................... 3 - 21
3.9.2 Virtualization in Cloud ................................................................................ 3 - 22
3.9.3 Difference between Cloud and Virtualization ............................................ 3 - 23
3.9.4 Virtualization and Cloud Security ............................................................... 3 - 23

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 3.10 Virtualization and Cloud Computing ............................................................. 3 - 25
3.10.1 Anatomy of Cloud Infrastructure................................................................ 3 - 25
3.10.2 Virtual Infrastructures ................................................................................... 3 - 26
3.10.3 CPU Virtualization.......................................................................................... 3 - 26
3.10.4 Network and Storage Virtualization .............................................................. 3 - 27
3.11 Multiple Choice Questions with Answers ..................................................... 3 - 28
Unit - IV
Chapter - 4 Cloud Platforms and Cloud Applications (4 - 1) to (4 - 32)
4.1 Amazon Web Services ..................................................................................... 4 - 2
4.1.1 Components ................................................................................................. 4 - 3
4.1.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of AWS ....................................................... 4 - 4
4.2 Elastic Cloud Computing ................................................................................. 4 - 4
4.2.1 Configuring Amazon EC2 Linux Instances ..................................................... 4 - 6
4.2.2 Amazon S3 .................................................................................................. 4 - 10
4.2.3 Amazon CloudWatch .................................................................................. 4 - 12
4.3 Amazon Storage System ............................................................................... 4 - 13
4.4 Amazon Database Services ........................................................................... 4 - 14
4.4.1 Dynamo DB ................................................................................................. 4 - 15
4.4.2 Difference between DynamoDB and Amazon S3 ....................................... 4 - 16
4.5 Microsoft Cloud Services : Azure .................................................................. 4 - 17
4.6 Cloud Computing Applications...................................................................... 4 - 19
4.6.1 Healthcare : ECG Analysis in the Cloud....................................................... 4 - 20
4.6.2 Biology : Protein Structure Prediction ........................................................ 4 - 21
4.6.3 Geosciences : Satellite Image Processing ................................................... 4 - 22
4.6.4 Business and Consumer Applications : CRM and ERP ................................ 4 - 23
4.6.5 Social Networking ....................................................................................... 4 - 24
4.7 Google Cloud Application : Google App Engine ............................................ 4 - 25
4.8 Overview of OpenStack Architecture ........................................................... 4 - 28
4.9 Multiple Choice Questions with Answers ..................................................... 4 - 29

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 Unit - V
Chapter - 5 Security in Cloud Computing (5 - 1) to (5 - 14)
5.1 Risks in Cloud Computing................................................................................ 5 - 2
5.1.1 Risk Management ......................................................................................... 5 - 2
5.2 Enterprise-wide Risk Management................................................................. 5 - 3
5.3 Types of Risks in Cloud Computing ................................................................. 5 - 4
5.4 Data Security in Cloud : Security Issues and Challenges ................................. 5 - 6
5.4.1 Advantages ................................................................................................... 5 - 7
5.4.2 Disadvantages ............................................................................................... 5 - 7
5.5 Content Level Security .................................................................................... 5 - 8
5.6 Cloud Security Services ................................................................................... 5 - 8
5.7 Security Authorization Challenges in the Cloud............................................ 5 - 10
5.8 Secure Cloud Software Requirements .......................................................... 5 - 11
5.9 Secure Cloud Software Testing ..................................................................... 5 - 11
5.9.1 Type of Testing in Cloud .................................................................................. 5 - 13
5.9.2 Benefit of Cloud-based Testing ...................................................................... 5 - 13
5.10 Multiple Choice Questions with Answers ..................................................... 5 - 14
Unit - VI
Chapter - 6 Advanced Techniques in Cloud Computing
(6 - 1) to (6 - 30)
6.1 Future Trends in Cloud Computing ................................................................. 6 - 2
6.1.1 Just Enough Operating System .................................................................... 6 - 2
6.2 Mobile Cloud ................................................................................................... 6 - 3
6.2.1 Advantages and Disadvantages ................................................................... 6 - 5
6.2.2 Mobile Cloud Application ............................................................................ 6 - 5
6.3 Automatic Cloud Computing ........................................................................... 6 - 6
6.3.1 CometCloud ................................................................................................. 6 - 8
6.4 Multimedia Cloud............................................................................................ 6 - 9

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 6.4.1 IPTV ............................................................................................................ 6 - 11
6.5 Energy Aware Cloud Computing ................................................................... 6 - 12
6.5.1 Green Cloud ................................................................................................ 6 - 12
6.5.2 Green Computing ....................................................................................... 6 - 13
6.5.3 Energy-Saving Software Techniques........................................................... 6 - 14
6.5.4 Key Issue Related to Cloud Computing Energy Efficiency .......................... 6 - 15
6.6 Jungle Computing.......................................................................................... 6 - 16
6.7 Docker ........................................................................................................... 6 - 17
6.7.1 Process Simplification ................................................................................ 6 - 17
6.7.2 Broad Support and Adoption ..................................................................... 6 - 18
6.7.3 Architecture ............................................................................................... 6 - 19
6.7.4 Container and Kubernetes ......................................................................... 6 - 20
6.8 Introduction to DevOps ................................................................................ 6 - 23
6.9 IOT and Cloud Convergence.......................................................................... 6 - 23
6.9.1 The Cloud and IoT in your Home ................................................................ 6 - 23
6.9.1.1 Smart Lighting .......................................................................................... 6 - 24
6.9.2 The IOT and Cloud in your Automobile ...................................................... 6 - 25
6.9.2.1 Remote Vehicle Diagnostics ...................................................................... 6 - 26
6.9.3 PERSONAL : IoT in Healthcare..................................................................... 6 - 27
6.10 Multiple Choice Questions with Answers ..................................................... 6 - 28

Solved Model Question Papers (M - 1) to (M - 4)

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 Notes

(xii)
 TM

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS - An up thrust for knowledge

 hp

Internet

hp

Data centers

Client computers

Distributed servers
 Cloud Clients
Web browser, mobile app, thin client, terminal
emulator, ...
Platform Application

SaaS
CRM, Email, virtual desktop, communication,
games, ...

PaaS
Execution runtime, database, web server,
development tools, ...
structure

IaaS
Infra

Virtual machines, servers, storage, load

balancers, network, ...
Client

Application
Client Internet

Service provider
offering SaaS
Client
 Client

Physical server
Client

Client

Enterprise
Data storage
device
Computer

User IaaS
Cloud applications Web browser Software as a service

Cloud
Cloud platform development Platform as a service
environment

Virtual
infrastructure Infrastructure as a
Cloud infrastructure
manager service

Service content Main access Service class

and management tool
 Interfaces for web 2.0

Software as a Service

Scientific applications, End user applications

User 1 Social networking
Examples : facebook, Google documents, Flickr

User 2
Platform as a Service

Runtime environment for applications

User 3
Development and data processing platforms
Examples : Windows Azure, Hadoop, Aneka
User-N

Infrastructure as a Service

Virtualized servers
Storage and networking
Examples : Amazon EC2, S3, vCloud
 DNS

Cloud

Load balancer server

Application

Database

Database (Cloud storage)

 DNS

Load balancer 1 Load balancer 2

Application 1 Application 2

Master Replication Slave

Volume Volume DB DB Volume Volume

Cloud

Snapshot
backups

Cloud storage
 DNS

Datacenter 1 Datacenter 2

Load balancer 1 Load balancer 2

Application 1 Application 2

Master Replication Slave

Volume DB DB Volume

Cloud

Snapshot
backups

Cloud storage
 Private cloud

Public cloud

(a) Private cloud (b) Public cloud

Organization 1 Organization 2
 TM

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS - An up thrust for knowledge

 hp hp

Client LAN / WAN

Server

Storage
area
network

Disks
Server 1 Server 2

IP network

Interface for network

NFS CIFS
Operating system
Interface for storage

Storage arrays
Integrated network Windows operating systems client
attached storage

UNIX system client

 FC
Integrated network switch Fibre
attached storage channel
SAN

UNIX system client Windows operating

systems client
 Metadata

Read / Write data Location System

User
Storage Data

Access, Requirements Application

HTTP Query,
Modify that drive specific
GET / PUT URIs
ACLs data services
 TM

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS - An up thrust for knowledge

Applications Applications Applications

Windows Unix Linux

Virtual Virtual Virtual

hardware hardware hardware

Applications Virtual Applications

hardware

Operating system

Hardware
CCPU , Memory , Secondary storage
 How it is done? Technique Virtualization model

Emulation Application

Execution Programming
Process level High-Level VM
environment language

Storage
Muliprogramming Operating system

Virtualization
Network Hardware-assisted
virtualization

Full virtualization

System level Hardware

 Paravirtualiztion

Partial virtualization
 Applications

Operating systems

Virtualization layer

x86 architecture
 User application
Operating system

Computer hardware

(a) Before server virtualization

User User User User User

application application application application application

Operating system Operating system

Virtualization layer
Computer hardware

(b) After server virtualization

Private Private Private




server server server

Operating system

Hardware
 Application Application

Guest Operating Guest Operating

system system

Virtualization layer

Hardware
VM Host

Applications Virtual Machines

App ... App App VM ... VM VM

Guest OS Hypervisor
Virtual-to-physical
Buffer cache translation
I/O stack

I/O stack

Interpose/transform
I/O scheduler e.g. Log, encrypt

Device driver I/O scheduler

Device driver

Virtual hardware Physical hardware

Emulated Local
disk device disk device NTC
Server Server Server Server Server

Virtual
volumes

Virtualization layer

Heterogeneous physical storage

Workload Workload Workload

L2,L3,L4-7 Network services

Virtual Virtual Virtual

network 1 network 2 network 3

Network virtualization platform

Requirement : IP transport

Physical network
 Level 5 : Achieve dynamic sharing of application
workload, capacity arbitrage and
Hyper self-service application provisioning
cloud
Level 4 : Select cloud environmnet and
begin broad-based deployments; Cloud
manual provisioning and load exploitation
balancing
Level 3 : Lay foundation for
Cloud scalable application
foundations architecture
Level 2 : Experiment in
amazon EC2; define
reference architecture Cloud
experimentation

Level 1 : Virtualize
infrastructure and
Virtualization applications
 Application

Platform

Infrastructure

Virtualization

Server/storage/datacenters
Workload Workload Workload

L2,L3,L4-7 Network services

Virtual Virtual Virtual

network 1 network 2 network 3

Network virtualization platform

Requirement : IP transport

Physical network
 TM

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS - An up thrust for knowledge

 AWS
Route53
hp

HTTP post
request AWS Business
Contact US form API gateway Amazon SES 3rd party mail
submit request Lambda owner
server
 Instance

Host computer
AMI

Instance
Launch instances
of any type
Instance

Host computer
 Step 1 : Step 2 : Step 3 : Step 4 :
Signup for Create an Create a Create a virtual
AWS IAM user key pair private cloud

Step 8 : Step 7 : Step 6 : Step 5 :

Cleanup Connect to Launch on Create a
instance instance instance security group
 AWS

Photo
Response Queue
Photo

EC2 Instances
Photo
Web
Photo
server
Photo
Request Queue Photo
processing
server
Amazon
S3
 Instance A Snapshot

Bucket

Instance B

ephemeral0 ephemeral1 ephemeral2 ephemeral3

Instance store

Host computer Amazon EBS Amazon S3

 Cloud applications

Management services
development SDK

Security services
Live .Net
Application

SQL Azure services

services
Cloud platform services

Windows Azure
Compute Storage Network
resources resources resources

Fabric

Hosting platform

Windows Azure platform

 Storage
Wireless ECG sensor
Embedded bluetooth
enabled
Data processor and
communication module

ECG data
ECG sensor module SaaS analysis
software

1
Bluetooth connectivity

Aneka
4 PaaS

3
Wireless/Mobile 3G network IaaS
5
6
User PredictionManager
Input queue
Web role role

Output queue

DB with
prediction results Prediction Prediction
input output
queue queue
Azure SQL
database

3D protein
Azure structures
BLOBs (PDB files)

PredictionWorker roles

Microsoft azure public cloud

 Portal (SaaS)

Distribution

Archiving
Local storage

Aneka

Private cloud

Public cloud
 Google app
engine

Datastore Caching Authentication Mail

Big table/
Memcache Google apps Gmail
Mapreduce
 TM

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS - An up thrust for knowledge




 Public
cloud
Hybrid
Cloud cloud
Private
cloud
Data integrity
Software
Data confidentiality
Data security and privacy

Data availability
Hardware

Data privacy
 Types of testing in
the cloud

Functional Non-functional
Ability testing
testing testing

Business Compatibility and

System testing requirement interoperability
testing testing

Disaster
Acceptance
Security testing recovery
testing
testing

Integration Scalability and Multi-tenancy

testing performance testing
testing
 TM

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS - An up thrust for knowledge

Smart mobile Wireless network Computational
device technology cloud
 Mobile network A

Mobile network services

Satellite Data center owners or
cloud service providers

Database
Access HA
point Servers
Central
AAA
processors
Cloud computing

BTS
Mobile
devices Cloud Cloud
Internet

controller controller
Data center
Data center

Cloud A Cloud B
Mobile network B

Mobile network services

Satellite

Database
Access HA
point Servers
Central
AAA Application
processors
Internet service servers
providers (ISPs)
Mobile BTS
devices Application service providers

Mobile users Network operators

SaaS

SaaS applications portal

Healthcare Spatial-temporal analytics

SaaS/PaaS integration layer

Autonomic management system

Workflow
Security and attack detection
User QoS
PaaS

Application Overall cost

scheduler Energy efficiency PaaS framework
Data location
Dynamic resource provisioning algorithms Integration

PaaS/IaaS integration layer

Private cloud Public clouds

IaaS

Datacenter A Datacenter B
 Application

Master/Worker/BOT
Programming MaReduce/
layer Workflow Hadoop
Task
Scheduling Monitoring
consistency

Clustering/
Anotomy detection Coordination Publish/Subscribe
Service
layer
Discovery Event Messaging

Replication Load balancing

Infrastructure
Content-based routing Content security
layer
Self-organizing layer

Data center/Grid/Cloud
Audio Video Image
Media cloud
Storage

CPU GPU

Clients

Cloud media
Authoring/editing Sharing/streaming
service service

Storage service Delivery service

MSPs

Media cloud

Hard disk
Resource allocator

CPU
Load balancer
GPU
 Development team Operations team
Request resources Resources provisioned

Script the deployment Tweak the deployment

Tweak the deployment Loop N times

Discover a dependency Install dependency

Application is deployed
 Development team Operations team
Build image

Ship image to registry Provide configuration information

Deploy

Application is deployed
 Container 1

Container 2

Container 3

Images

Client Docker daemon

Host OS
Server Docker host Docker registry
 Docker server
on Linux host or Virtual machine

Docker registry
on Linux host, VM or SaaS

Docker client
on local workstation
 Node 1

Containers Containers
Control plane
User interface POD 1 POD 2

Docker engine
GUI API server
Kubelet Kube-proxy

Scheduler

Node 2
Controller manager

CLI
etcd
Containers Containers
Kubectl
POD 1 POD 2

Docker engine

Kubelet Kube-proxy
 Low battery
predicted
Battery Alert sent Issue
conditions avoided
 Deployed vehicle Remote diagnostics datacenter
Diagnostic data

Reformulated code
Fault detection and isolation Data analysis
Fault tolerant controllers Code reformulation
Remote code update Verification profile generation
Runtime testing Remote recalls management
T.E. (Computer) Semester - VI Elective - II (As Per 2019 Pattern)
 T.E. (Computer) Semester - VI Elective - II (As Per 2019 Pattern)

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