Dt : 3/7/2022

define toUpperCase()?

=>toUpperCase() method is used to convert the given String

into UpperCase format.

define toLowerCase()?

ii
=>toLowerCase() method is used to convert the given String

ath
into LowerCase format.

aip
define substring() method?

=>substring() method is used to take the part of String based

hM
on index values.

Method Signatures:
tes

public java.lang.String substrint(int);

public java.lang.String substring(int,int);

a
nk

faq:

wt is the diff b/w

Ve

(a)break

(b)continue

(c)return

(d)exit
(a)break:

=>'break' statement is used to stop switch-case execution

and also used to stop Iterative Statements based on condition.

(b)continue:

=>'continue' statement is used to skip the lines from the

ii
iteration based on condition.

ath
=>The lines which are declared below the 'continue' statement

will be skipped.

(c)return:

aip
hM
=>'return' statement is used to return the value after method

execution in return_type methods.

tes

(d)exit:

=>'exit' is used to stop the program execution.

a

syntax:
nk

System.exit(0);
Ve

Ex : DemoString8.java

package maccess;
import java.util.*;
public class DemoString8 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter the String1(min length
10):");
String str1 = s.nextLine().trim();
 System.out.println("Enter the String2(min length
10):");
String str2 = s.nextLine().trim();
System.out.println("====equals()====");
boolean k = str1.equalsIgnoreCase(str2);
if(k) {
System.out.println("Strings are equal...");
}else {
System.out.println("Strings are Not-Equal...");
}
System.out.println("====compareTo()====");

ii
int z = str1.compareToIgnoreCase(str2);
if(z==0) {

ath
System.out.println("Strings are equal...");
}else {
System.out.println("Strings are Not-Equal...");
}
System.out.println("=====substring()====");

aip
String s1 = str1.substring(4);
System.out.println("s1:"+s1.toString());
String s2 = str1.substring(2,6);
System.out.println("s2:"+s2.toString());
hM
System.out.println("====break====");
for(int i=1;i<=20;i++)
{
if(i==12)
{
tes

break;//stop the loop

//System.exit(0);
}
System.out.print(i+" ");
}//end of loop
a

System.out.println("\n====continue====");
nk

for(int i=65;i<=90;i++)
{
char ch = (char)i;//ASCII to char
if(ch=='A' || ch=='E' || ch=='I' || ch=='O' ||
Ve

ch=='U')
{
continue;//skip the below line
}
System.out.print(ch+" ");
}//end of loop
s.close();
}
}
o/p:

Enter the String1(min length 10):

java language

Enter the String2(min length 10):

java language

====equals()====

ii
Strings are equal...

ath
====compareTo()====

Strings are equal...

aip
=====substring()====

s1: language
hM
s2:va l

====break====

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
tes

====continue====

BCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXYZ
a

=================================================
nk

Assignment:

wap to display the numbers from 1 to 100,but skip prime numbers?

Ve

define prime number?

=>The number which is having only two factors 1 and itself is

known as Prime number.

====================================================
faq:(Java13 - new feature)

define switch-case-yield statement?

=>switch-case-yield statement introduced by Java13 version

and which is used to return the value,which means return_type

switch.

ii
structure:

ath
return switch(value)

aip
case 1 : yield result;

case 2 : yield result;

hM
...

case n : yield result;

default: yield default_value;

tes

};
a

=>In switch-case-yield declaring 'default' is manditory.

nk

=>'yield' specify to stop the switch-case executiob and return

the result.
Ve

===========================================================

Note:

=>'trim()' method is used to remove the spaces before and after

the Strings.

=>'IgnoreCase' specify compare the content of an objects by

not considering the case.

==========================================================

(iii)Using 'is equal to'(==) operator:

=>'is equal to' operator will compare the references of

an Objects and which will not compare the content of an objects.

=>'is equal to'(==) operator is not preferable to use on

ii
NonPrimitive DataType variables,because generate Wrong results.

ath
Ex : DemoString9.java

aip
package maccess;
public class DemoString9 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a=10;//Primitive data type variable
hM
int b=10;//Primitive data type variable
String s1 = new String("java");//NonPrimitive
String s2 = new String("java");//NonPrimitive
String s3 = "program";//NonPrimitive
String s4 = "program";//NonPrimitive
System.out.println("*****Primitive DataType
tes

Values****");
if(a==b) {
System.out.println("Values are equal...");
}else {
a

System.out.println("Values are Not-Equal...");

}
nk

System.out.println("****NonPrimitive DataType
Values****");
System.out.println("(new operator process)");
Ve

if(s1==s2) {
System.out.println("Strings are equal...");
}else {
System.out.println("Strings are Not-Equal...");
}
System.out.println("****NonPrimitive DataType
Values****");
System.out.println("(String literal process)");
if(s3==s4) {
System.out.println("Strings are equal...");
 }else {
System.out.println("Strings are Not-Equal...");
}
}
}

o/p:

*****Primitive DataType Values****

ii
Values are equal...

ath
****NonPrimitive DataType Values****

(new operator process)

Strings are Not-Equal...

****NonPrimitive DataType Values****

(String literal process)

aip
hM
Strings are equal...

==================================================

faq:
tes

define String Constant pool?

=>The separate partition of HeapArea where String objects are

a
nk

created is known as String Constant Pool.

Ve

Behaviour:

=>String Constant pool will retrict the duplicate String

Objects creation.(Only unique String Objects are created)

========================================================