The importance of installing quality doors and windows

When it comes to installing doors and windows it is hard to choose with all the different types of doors and windows
available in the market to choose from. While choosing from the wide varieties, make sure that you are installing
good quality doors and windows. You want a window that lets light in and are air tight. Hardware should operate
smoothly and be hassle free. There are several different types of doors and windows available to choose from and a
wide variety of manufacturers. Beyond the looks, styles and operation is functionality. It is the real important part of
choosing the right doors and windows. Do they seal against wind and rain ? Are they energy efficient? If they leak air
and water it doesn't matter if the operate smoothly and look beautiful. How can you tell a quality window from a poor
window? Certainly not by looking at it alone. Fortunately windows are rated even though most people don't know
what the numbers mean so here is a window rating list that way you can compare the numbers as you shop. This
chart can be very useful when comparison shopping. Online shopping gives you the option to find the specifications
you are looking for in your replacement windows before you price your replacement windows. Online house design
sites and programs will allow you to see many different styles which may be beneficial when choosing your
replacement windows.

Author: BPB

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DIVISION 8

08 1000 - Doors and Frames

 08 1050 - Door Accessories
 08 1100 - Metal Doors and Frames
o 08 1110 - Steel Doors and Frames
 08 1118 - Residential Steel Doors
 08 1119 - Wrought Iron Doors
o 08 1120 - Aluminum Doors and Frames
 08 1125 - Interior Aluminum Doors and Frames
o 08 1130 - Stainless Steel Doors and Frames
o 08 1140 - Bronze Doors and Frames
o 08 1160 - Accordion Fire Doors
o 08 1170 - Window and Door Security Bars and Grilles
o 08 1180 - Screen & Storm Doors
 08 1400 - Wood Doors
o 08 1420 - Commercial Wood Doors
 08 1426 - Plastic-Laminate-Faced Wood Doors
o 08 1460 - Wood & Plastic Screen & Storm Doors
o 08 1480 - Residential Doors (and light commercial)
 08 1500 - Plastic Doors
o 08 1540 - Fiberglass and PVC Doors (Commercial)
  08 1548 - Residential Fiberglass Doors
o 08 1580 - Residential Vinyl Doors - National
 08 1581 - Eastern Time Zone
 08 1583 - Central Time Zone
 08 1585 - Mountain and Pacific Time Zones
 08 1700 - Preassembled Door and Frame Units

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SPECIALTY DOORS

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- AIR CURTAIN ENTRANCE http://www.miniveil.com/uses.html

- Industrial Climate Control
- The primary purpose of the Climate Control Air Curtain is to prevent the
influx of outside air through an opening in to heated or cooled area.
Opening where an Air Curtain would typically be used are exterior
shipping and receiving doors to plants and warehouses and interior
doors between plant areas of different temperatures. (these applications
are discussed in further detail below). In addition there are special
applications such as the control of oven temperature, humidity and dust
or the control of the fresh air . Other applications not discussed here are
preventing the drifting of over spray from spray paint booths; blowing
water off of hot steel after it has been dipped; and blowing scrap paper
from a paper cutter into a collecting intake.
 - In order to control climate an Air Curtain emits an air stream with
enough velocity at the nozzle and the width of the nozzle. For different
door sizes and different wind conditions , different air velocities at the
nozzle are required.
- To prevent the entry of outside winds the discharge nozzle is angled
outward so that the air leaving it meets the wind trying to enter. The
wind will meet or strike the Air Curtain stream in the doorway. This
working principle is shown in the figure below:

-
- When the vector representing the air stream and the vector representing
the wind equalize they form a resultant which should meet the floor in
the door plane for maximum efficiency.
- In many buildings with high ceilings the air tends to stratify into a
warmer layer at the ceiling and a considerably cooler one at the floor.
For such buildings it is recommended that the air curtain be mounted
across the top of the doorway opening and that it be provided with a top
intake connected to a duct extending up to the ceiling. (as illustrated):

-
- The warm air will then be drawn down into the Air Curtain and blown to
the floor putting otherwise wasted heat to use. This warmer air also
helps to reduce the wind chill of the moving air.

Industrial Climate Control

The primary purpose of the Climate Control Air Curtain is to prevent the influx
of outside air through an opening in to heated or cooled area. Opening where
an Air Curtain would typically be used are exterior shipping and receiving
doors to plants and warehouses and interior doors between plant areas of
different temperatures. (these applications are discussed in further detail
below). In addition there are special applications such as the control of oven
temperature, humidity and dust or the control of the fresh air . Other
applications not discussed here are preventing the drifting of over spray from
spray paint booths; blowing water off of hot steel after it has been dipped; and
blowing scrap paper from a paper cutter into a collecting intake.

In order to control climate an Air Curtain emits an air stream with enough
velocity at the nozzle and the width of the nozzle. For different door sizes and
different wind conditions , different air velocities at the nozzle are required.

To prevent the entry of outside winds the discharge nozzle is angled outward
so that the air leaving it meets the wind trying to enter. The wind will meet or
strike the Air Curtain stream in the doorway. This working principle is shown in
the figure below:

When the vector representing the air stream and the vector representing the
wind equalize they form a resultant which should meet the floor in the door
plane for maximum efficiency.

In many buildings with high ceilings the air tends to stratify into a warmer layer
at the ceiling and a considerably cooler one at the floor. For such buildings it
is recommended that the air curtain be mounted across the top of the doorway
opening and that it be provided with a top intake connected to a duct
extending up to the ceiling. (as illustrated):
The warm air will then be drawn down into the Air Curtain and blown to the
floor putting otherwise wasted heat to use. This warmer air also helps to
reduce the wind chill of the moving air.

Air Conditioned Areas

Air conditioned areas are normally well balanced and seldom have negative
pressure. In fact a slight over-pressure is more common where air
conditioning systems are bringing fresh air into an area.
Air Curtains for interior door need only be sized for the draft due to the
temperature differences between the two sides. On interior openings between
the air conditioned areas and non air conditioned areas, the Air Curtain should
be mounted on the non air conditioned side, angled away from the air
conditioned areas, and the air should be dampered back until there is a
minimum amount of air splitting at the floor and going in toward the air
conditioned side.
Doors between an air conditioned area and the outside are exposed to winds
which must be considered in the selection of the Air Curtain. For application
on such doors the Air Curtain should be installed on the inside for the best
possible efficiency, and the nozzle angle should be adjusted so that a
minimum of air conditioning is discharged from the inside. This inside
mounting allows the Air Curtain to be used in the winter to prevent cold
outside air from entering.

Industrial Oven Openings

Using Air Curtains on opening to ovens has resulted in fuel savings of up to

40% of the total oven fuel consumption. Air Curtains are normally installed
horizontally over the oven opening and angled slightly inward toward the oven
to contain the hot air that is trying to come out at the top. Many Air Curtains
are successfully operating on ovens with temperatures up to 475° F. The Air
Curtain drive motor should be located to the side of the oven opening to
protect them from damage from hot air that would escape in the even of a
shutdown of the Air Curtain. Oven applications should be designed case by
case to meet each set of unique conditions.

Dust and Humidity Control

Air Curtains should be installed on the clean or humidity controlled side of the
opening, blowing toward the dirty or uncontrolled side. This will prevent the
influx of the dust particles or atmospheric vapour. Air Curtain units for dust
and humidity control are approximately 70% efficient. The 30% inefficiency is
caused by particles are air becoming entrained in the Air Curtain stream and
working their way through.

Mines

Air Curtains are in use in a hard rock mine at the 1100 foot depth to control
the flow of fresh air that is introduced into the mine. Installed at several points
along the main airway the Air Curtain deflects some of the fresh air flow out
into the shafts. For more detailed information on this very successful
application please contact the factory.

Commercial Entrances

Commercial Entrance Air Curtains are becoming widely used in building

entrances to reduce energy consumption and provide comfort. In winter they
retain warm inside air and prevent the influx of cold air. They can also supply
additional heat in the door area using optional electrical, steam or hot water
heaters. In the summer Air Curtains keep hot humid air out and prevent the
escape of air conditioning. The working principle of Commercial Entrance Air
Curtains is to provide the most effective air screen possible without blowing so
hard that it is objectionable to people passing through.
Air Curtains are ideal for application on high traffic doorways in commercial
establishments such as stores, restaurants and banks. They are also ideal for
public buildings such as hospitals, terminals and schools. In many cases
where a vestibule was installed, or planned, to reduce the inflow, an Air
Curtain is a better approach. This is particularly true for high traffic entrances
where both doors are frequently open at the same time, defeating the purpose
of the vestibule. A continuously operating Air Curtain allows the vestibule to
be dispensed with resulting in large savings -- both in initial and operating
costs -- and increasing the usable floor space.
Commercial Entrance Air Curtains are normally mounted horizontally above
the door which keeps the unit out of the way and practically eliminates any
chance of damage and/or accidents. During the heating season, the air
stream should be directed slightly toward the outside and should never be
obstructed by door operators or the door header.
It is recommended that the Air Curtain fan motor be run continuously, since
the power needed to operate it is minimal.
It is preferable to control the heater in heated units with a built-in, or wall
mounted, thermostat, in order to maintain a constant, comfortable temperature
in the entrance area. In addition to providing comfort through the elimination of
cold drafts and the addition of heat to door areas. Commercial Entrance Air
Curtains have many other benefits. For example, they can decrease door
maintenance costs since doors need to be opened and closed left often. In
restaurants they stop uncomfortable cold drafts at customer's feet. Many
schools purchase Air Curtains to save energy and find that, as an additional
benefit, they keep floors dry and safe and hallways warm during the winter
months. In buildings with high ceilings the Air Curtain re-circulates the warm
stratified air that rises to the ceiling.
Commercial Entrance Air Curtains are quiet and compact and pay for
themselves in a very short time. Most units may be used all year round and
are adjustable for seasonal conditions using either a damper or a duel speed
motor.

Insect Control

Insect Control Air Curtains, sometimes called "Fly Fans," are used in food
processing plants, dairies, bakeries, bottling plants, restaurants,
supermarkets, hospitals, school cafeterias and other areas where the control
of flying insects is required. The powerful stream of air that is produced by an
Insect Control Air Curtain is an excellent deterrent to insects which will usually
avoid the air stream simply because of it's unnaturally high velocity.
The most effective Air Curtain design for insect control has a nozzle that can
angle the air stream away from the area to be protected. An angle of about
20° from the vertical is usually optimal. The unit should meet or exceed
Department of Agriculture and Federal Drug Administration standards, which
call for an air stream 2-5 inches wide at the nozzle capable of producing a
minimum velocity of 1600 fpm of air 3 feet above the floor and across the
entire door opening. It is very important that the entire doorway be covered so
that there are no gaps for the insects to enter.
The Insect Control Air Curtains can be mounted on the inside or outside of the
doorway. When mounted on the inside the unit can help control the building's
climate in the winter by stopping the influx of cold outside air. (For more info
on this effect see theIndustrial Climate Control or Commercial
Entrance Sections). When the building contains odours which are attractive to
flying insects it is recommended that the Air Curtain be mounted on the
outside.
When a negative pressure exists inside the building one of two approaches
must be taken to make the Air Curtain fully effective in keeping the flying
insects out. One alternative is to slightly alter the mounting of the unit, moving
it out form the wall to relieve pressure on the Air Curtain and to allow the
outside air to enter the building. The outside air will be drawn to the intake of
the curtain through the gap between the wall and the unit. This gap must be
covered by a screen and the gaps along the door jamb, caused by moving the
unit back from the wall, should be closed by side panels.
The Air Curtain is equally effective mounted horizontally or vertically.
However, measures should be taken to prevent damage to the Air Curtain
caused by traffic when mounted vertically.

Cold Storage

When opened a door separating a cold storage area from a warm room
permits a substantial loss of refrigerated air. Warm air flows into the cold room
through the lower part. This results in energy losses, safety hazards in the
form of condensation and icing on the floor and fog in the doorway; and
possibly food spoilage. Strip doors used on coolers and freezers to reduce
these effects impair visibility and are unpleasant to pass through due to
condensation and frosting and accumulate dirt and possible bacterial growth.

Studies have proven that Air Curtains, when properly sized and adjusted, are
up to 85% efficient in controlling the flow of air through cooler and freezer
doorways. If the cold storage door is open over one hour per day the Air
Curtain is a cost effective way to save refrigeration costs.

Installed on the warm side of the doorway the Air Curtain emits an air stream
which reaches the floor at an angle and splits into two separate air streams.
By properly adjusting the volume of the air and the angle of the nozzle, one air
stream is made to balance against the other which is trying to leave the
cooled room, while the other counteracts the warm air trying to enter. The
correct Air Curtain sizing and adjustments must be made for each specific
application so that a narrow, high velocity, low volume stream of air is
projected over the entire opening creating a sufficiently stiff curtain of air.
Built-in adjustments in the Air Curtain must include fully adjustable mounting
brackets, variable volume controls and individually adjustable louvers in the
nozzle. The narrow nozzle limits the amount of air in the doorway area and
hence the turbulence, thus increasing the efficiency of the unit.

In addition to providing a substantial energy savings and increased safety,

Cold Storage Air Curtains can increase the time between defrosting almost
four fold, depending on the particular freezer or cooler. Also, their ability to ma
intain the cold room temperature right up to the doorway improves product
quality and increases the useful floor space.

AIR ENTRANCE SYSTEM

This innovative entrance system provides a recirculated air seal, through concealed ductwork, effectively creating a barrier between
indoor and outdoor temperature conditions. Open access, safety and energy efficiency are created out of thin air with the Berner Air
Entrance System—the only air entrance system backed by the engineering expertise of Berner International Corporation. The Air Entrance
System allows you to keep your doors open enticing people to enter your business.

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AUTOMATIC DOOR

Automatically opening doors are powered open and closed either by electricity, spring, or both. There
are several methods by which an automatically opening door is activated:

1. A sensor detects traffic is approaching. Sensors for automatic doors are generally:
 A pressure sensor - e.g., a floor mat which reacts to the pressure of someone standing on it.
 An infrared curtain or beam which shines invisible light onto sensors; if someone or
something blocks the beam the door is triggered open.
 A motion sensor which uses low-power microwave radar for the same effect.
 A remote sensor (e.g. based on infrared or radio waves) can be triggered by a
portable remote control, or is installed inside a vehicle. These are popular for garage doors.
2. A switch is operated manually, perhaps after security checks. This can be a push button switch or
a swipe card.
3. The act of pushing or pulling the door triggers the open and close cycle. These are also known as
power-assisted doors.
In addition to activation sensors automatically opening doors are generally fitted with safety sensors.
These are usually an infrared curtain or beam, but can be a pressure mat fitted on the swing side of the
door. The purpose of the safety sensor is to prevent the door from colliding with an object in its path by
stopping or slowing its motion.
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COILING DOOR SYSTEM

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