REVIEW NOTES IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND It determines how much of the behavior

VICTIMOLOGY is accounted for genetic factor

(influences from parents)
GERALD L. CENIZA, Rcrim, MSCJ. PhD.
Heredity

✓ Defining nature and understanding human The transmission of genes from parents to
behavior offspring
✓ Analyzing criminal psychology and abnormal Classifications of Human Behavior
behavior
✓ Identifying factors affecting social behavior  Habitual – refers to motorized behavior usually
✓ Identifying crisis and proper responses to crisis manifested in language and emotion.
situations
 Instinctive – are generally unlearned and simply comes
The Basic Concepts of Human Behavior out of man’s instinct which can be seen among instinct-
instinct survival behaviors.
Human Behavior – Refers to the reaction to facts of
relationship between the individual and his  Symbolic – are behaviors that are usually carried out by
environment. means of unsaid words and shown through symbols or
body signs.
Anything an individual does that involves
self-initiated action and/or reaction to a given  Complex – are those behaviors that combine two or
situation. more of the classified ones.

The sum total of man's reaction to his Characteristics of Human Behavior

environment or the way human beings act.
1. Primarily native or Primarily learned – (Theory of
The manner of conducting oneself which Instincts)
considerably involves action of a person in
An Instinct which can be adjusted by learning and
response to stimuli and vice versa.
experience.
Human Beings
Theories of Learning
Human beings are intelligent social
 Associative Learning – making associations
animals with the mental capacity to comprehend,
between events in the environment which can be
infer and thinking rational ways.
done through Joining into different groups of
Two Basic Types of Behavior people.

1. Inherited (Inborn) behavior – refers to any behavioral Types of Associative Learning

reactions or reflexes exhibited by people because of their
 Classical Conditioning focuses on how people
inherited capabilities or the process of natural selection.
respond to stimuli in their environment.
2. Learned (Operant) behavior – involves knowing or
adaptation that enhances human beings’ ability to cope
 Operant Conditioning Behavior that are
with changes in the environment in ways which improve
controlled by the consequences of the action that
the chances of survival. Learned behavior may be
follow them.
acquired through environment or training.
Cognitive Learning
Significant Contributors in the Study of Human Behavior
 Humans are cognitive beings who are active
Sigmund Frued –The Father of Pschoanalysis
information processors.
Francis Galton – Heridity and Human behavior
Human are likely to think about the relationship
Charles Darwin – Evolution Theory between their behaviour and its consequences and are
often more affected by what they believe will happen than
Human beings are just mechanical creatures that he
by the events they actually experience.
views as prisoners of primitive instinct and power which
he can barely control. Further stating that man’s purpose 2. Evoked by external stimuli or internal need
is to control these instinct and power.
 Human action or reaction are the result of
✓ Sigmund freud internal and external forces.

Behavioral Genetics  Underlying reasons are the AVOIDANCE

OF PAIN AND QUEST FOR PLEASURE.
Field of research in psychology that aims to
determine heritability. 3. Automatic, voluntarily, conscious, motor or intentional.

1
  The active exchange of signals of the nervous 1. Complimentary –
system that corresponds to the feeling, thoughts
Human transaction takes place when the
and actions of a person.
responses of one ego state to another is parallel
Attributes of human behavior
2. Non – Complimentary –
1. Duration –
Responses of one ego state to another is not
The aspect of human behavior in terms of parallel (ego states does not match with each other)
function of time, how long or brief is the interval

2. Extensity –
How do we learn social roles?
It is based on spatial characteristic (pattern)
As we mature and develop in our lives, we also
3. Intensity – acquire social attitudes which strongly influence our
behavior. The process through which we learn social roles
Features in terms of magnitude, mild, strong
is called socialization.
4. Quantity –
The Behavior Adjustment Concept
Aspect of human behavior based on normal and
In order for a person to be able to comprehend
abnormal traits
others and for us to be able to conquer the challenges of
Causes of Human Behavior life, we must learn how to make adjustments from our
behavior. Even how professional or educated you are nor
1. Sensation – is the feeling or impression created by a expert or highly skillful on certain thing, if you cannot
given stimulusor cause that leads to a particular reaction adjust with the circumstances in life, it will be hard for you
or behavior. to gain. Because whatever goals and dreams do we have,
Human Senses: there will always be barriers of difficulties that we need
to fight. So that we can effectively maneuver in life, let us
a.Visual – sight be guided with the basic concept and process of behavior
b.Olfactory – smell adjustment.

c.Cutaneous – touch Critical Example of Adjustment concept:

d.Auditory – hearing Patrolman Cardo Dalisay passed the NAPOLCOM

examination and entered into the police service but his
e.Gustatory – taste college degree was accounting. However, he was been
assigned at the PNP Crime Lab as Technician considering
2. Perception – refers to the person’s knowledge of a
that he has a little or no knowledge at all.
given stimulus which largely help to determine the actual
behavioral response in a given situation If you are the officer, here are the basic adjustment
process of which the police officer would possibly
3. Awareness – refers to the psychological activity based
undertake.
on interpretation of past experiences with a given
stimulus or object 1. Direct Attack
How People Interact? ✓ Study the equipments used in the crime
laboratory
People intermingle by three psychological
✓ Take forensic classes for his theoretical
position or behavioural patterns called EGO STATES.
advancement
1. Parent Ego State – ✓ Improve public relation especially with fellow
police officers and study how they perform their
Characterized by protective, idealistic, evaluative,
job
and righteous. Always refer to rules, law and standards.
✓ Take into practice the basic concept and process
2. Adult Ego State – in the crime laboratory

Centers upon reason, factual, flexible and 2. Substitute Acts of Possible Positive Value
reasonable being
• Seek transfer to another police division
3. Child Ego State – such as traffic management
• Seek employment elsewhere such as
Described as dependent, rebellious, selfish,
teaching mathematics subject or take the
demanding, impatient and emotional
accountancy exam

3. Substitute Acts of Negative Value

How People Transacts?
➢ Criticize the job, the boss and fellow
People makes transactions to other person based workers as a whole
into two classifications. ➢ Feign illness
2
 ➢ Feel inferior in the job and avoid An individual will be trained to be relax in the
thoughts of the work as much as possible presence of the fear producing stimuli. The fear or anxiety
reaction of a person will be replaced gradually with a new
4. Advance stage of Negative Value
relaxation response and this is called Reciprocal
o Immerse in some mystical cult – pseudo inhibition.
science
Aversion Therapy – This is used to break the bad
o Isolate himself and make no attempts of
habits of a person.
change
o Long for death and release from life What is the process?
problem
An aversive stimulus is given together with the
bad habit. Repeated pairing and giving aversive stimulus
such as explaining the negative consequences of its bad
Defense Reaction to Frustration
habits will result in behavioural change from positive
As the individual progresses through life, we attraction to repulsion.
develop a broad repertoire of psychological defensive
Biofeedback – Used in treating disturbed
reactions in order to adjust with the ego involving
behaviour that has a physical basis.
frustration.
What is the process?
Take note: Defense mechanism is helpful and normal,
however the adjustment process will be wrong if it will be Using a mechanical device, therapist will monitor
used in an extreme degree. If you become overly the blood pressure and heartbeat rate by the individual.
dependent upon your defense mechanism, it will only When there are desirable decrease, therapist will give
result to frustrations. rewards.

Fundamental Adjustive Behavior

1. Withdrawal Reaction 2. Applied Behavior Analysis – Used to treat retarded or

disturbed children in a school or residential setting
2. Aggressive Reaction
including adults in a psychiatric hospital or rehabilitation
3. Compromise Reaction center.

Historical Development of behavior modification What is the process?

The foundation of behavior modification was laid 1. Decide what the individual can do to ameliorate the
at the beginning of the 20th century in the experimental problems
laboratory of the Russian psychologist Ivan P. Pavlov. A
2. Devise a program that weakens the undesirable
dog was been trained of which the behavior of the dog
behaviour and strengthen the desirable one
changes gradually.
Personality Development
The theory of Ivan P. Pavlov was extended to
humans by John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner where Personality – Refers to an enduring patterns of thought,
they conducted an experimental study to an 11 month old feeling and behavior.
baby. They try to condition the behavior of the baby to
➢ Refers to what is unique about a person
become fearful of a rat. This is a process of pairing.
➢ The characteristics that makes a person
Then, psychologist Mary cover Jones designed a distinct from others
method on how to reduce the established fear of
Psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud is one of the
children. She found two methods.
most influential theoretical explanation on personality.
1. Associating a feared object with a different
Factors affecting the Personality formation
stimulus capable of arousing a positive reaction
1. Intelligence and Learning
2. Placing the child who feared a certain object
with other children who did not Personality will also depend on the intellectual
capacity of a person such a having the difference between
an educated and uneducated one.
Two Components of Behavior modification
2. Family Relationships
1. Behavior Modification Technique
The values, attitudes and behaviour of parents
Systematic Desensitization – most widely used towards their children clearly influence patterns of
technique in treating disturbance having identifiable personality development.
sources such as paralyzing fear.
Two types of Parental behavior towards children
What is the process?
1. Excessive Restriction (Harsh or strict)

2. Overly Permissive (Lenient)

3
3. Social Relationship – Distorted thinking and maladaptive behavior

This is the time where children acquire different Psychological Disorders

personality when they engage into mutual interest with
Distinctive patterns of abnormal behavior
other person. This is based on how children will share
interests and values to others such making friends and – Mental disorders or illnesses
collaborating with organization and peer groups.
General Classification of Mental illness
4. Socialization
1. Functional
The method by which children learn acceptable
and unacceptable behaviour from the society. Starting - Without Physical Cause
from the neighbourhood influences, social media and 2. Organic
everything that the society brings to influence the
behaviour of an individual. - Having Physical Cause

Abnormal Behavior and Criminal Psychology

BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS

Criminal Psychology – The study which deals on known I. Psychosomatic Disorders

criminal behavior. II. Neurosis – feeling of anxiety, depression which is
Abnormal Behavior - Abnormality (or manifested by despair and melancholy; phobia
dysfunctional behavior) is a) Obsessive Compulsive Neurosis – actions are repeated
a behavioral characteristic assigned to those in a patterned form of behavior
with conditions regarded as rare or
dysfunctional. Behavior is considered abnormal when it b) Conversation Neurosis – converted into physical
is atypical or out of the ordinary, consists of symptoms
undesirable behavior, and results in impairment in the
c) Dissociative Neurosis – hysterical amnesia,
individual's functioning
sleepwalking trance, multiple personality
Criteria of Abnormal Behavior
disorder
1. Deviation from statistical norms
III. Anxiety Disorders – covering different forms of
2. Deviation from social norms abnormal and pathological fear and anxiety

3. Maladaptiveness of behavior Forms of Anxiety:

4. Personal Distress 1. Phobias/Fear – excessive, irrational and uncontrollable

fear of a perfectly natural
Criteria to Identify Abnormal Behavior
situation or object; differ in intensity and duration
• Unusualness
Necrophobia – fear of dead
• Social deviance
Arachnophobia – fear of spiders
• Emotional distress
Claustrophobia – fear of enclosures
• Maladaptive behavior
Ornithophobia – fear of birds
• Dangerousness
Amaxophobia – vehicles
• Faulty perceptions or interpretations of reality
Anthrophobia – people
– Hallucinations
Astraphobia – lightning
– Delusions
Batrachophobia – amphibians
Psychological Models of Abnormal Behavior
Blennophobia – slime
• Psychodynamic model (Freud)
Brontophobia – lightning
– Unconscious conflicts
Carcinophobia – cancer
• Behaviorist model (Pavlov)
Ornithophobia – birds
– Role of learning
Phasmophobia – ghosts
• Humanistic model (Rogers, Maslow)
Pnigophobia – choking
– Conscious choices and self-actualization
Pyrophobia – fire
• Cognitive theories (Ellis, Beck)

4
 Siderodromophobia – trains expectations of the culture of the individual who exhibits
it
Taphephobia – being buried alive
Types of Personality Disorders:
Thanatophobia – death
1. Paranoid Personality
Trichophobia – hair
2. Schizoid Personality
Triskaidekaphobia – number 13
3. Schizotypal Personality
Trypanophobia – injections
4. Histrionic Personality
Xenophobia – strangers
5. Narcissistic Personality
Clinophobia – going to bed
6. Antisocial Personality
Cynophobia – dogs
7. Borderline Personality
Dementophobia – insanity
8. Avoidant Personality
Dromophobia – crossing streets
9. Dependent Personality
Emetophobia – vomiting
10. Compulsive Personality
Entomophobia – insects
11. Passive-Aggressive Personality
Genophobia – sex
V. Schizophrenia – a psychotic condition marked by
Gephyrophobia – crossing bridges
withdrawal from reality, indifference
Hematophobia – blood
concerning everyday problems, and tendency to live in a
Hematophobia – blood world of fantasy

Herpetophobia – reptiles Types of Schizophrenia

Homilophobia – sermons ➢ Simple Schizophrenia – gradual deterioration of

drive, ambition and the ability to function
Linonophobia – strings ➢ Paranoid Schizophrenia – delusion of grandeur
Monophobia – being leftalone ➢ Hebephrenic Schizophrenia – severe
disintegration of personality, inappropriate
Musophobia – mice giggling and smiling and Smiling, facial
Mysophobia – dirt and germs grimacing and use of bizarre language
➢ Catatonic Schizophrenia – flight of ideas,
Nudophobia – nudity hyperactivity or increased sociability
➢ General Anxiety (Anxiety Neurosis) – individual
Numerophobia – members
suffers physical complaints of varying degrees
Nyctophobia – dark as headache, nausea, vomiting, shortness of
breath and palpitation
Ochlophobia – crowds
Types of Anxiety Disorders
Ophidiophobia – snakes
• Phobias
2. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders – inability to resist on
doing things, strong desire in – Social phobias

having something. – Specific phobias (acrophobia, claustrophobia)

Obsession – thoughts and impulses which continually – Agoraphobia

occur in the persons mind
• Panic disorder
despite attempts to keep them out.
• Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Compulsion – an urge where a person is compelled to
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
perform an action against his
Depressive Disorders
free will
• Major depressive disorder
IV. Personality Disorders – referred to as “class
disorders” – Depressed mood for at least two weeks
An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior - Sadness
that deviates markedly from
- Worthlessness

- Changes in sleep, appetite

5
- Lethargy 4. Fetishism – substituting inanimate objects such as bra
or panty as objects of sexual desire
- Loss of interest, concentration
5. Sadism – inflicting pain to others
Schizophrenia
6. Masochism – inflicting pain upon themselves
• About one of one hundred people
7. Sodomy – anal penetration of male partner /
• Psychotic disorder
victim(rape)
• Symptoms
8. Froilism – 3 persons are participating in sexual act
– Hallucinations
9. Pluralism – a group participate in sexual orgies
– Delusions
10. Cunnilingus – using the tongue to excite clitoris,
– Thought disorder, loose associations sometimes accompanied by licking and

– Positive versus negative symptoms sucking of the vaginas exterior parts

Types of Schizophrenia 11. Fellatio – sucking the penis from head to the shaft,
sometimes including the balls( blow job )
• Disorganized type
12. Pedophilia – sexual contact with children
– Confused behavior, incoherent speech
13. Incest – sexual relations between persons related by
– Vivid, frequent hallucinations blood
• Catatonic type 14. Bestiality/Zoophilia – sexual intercourse with a living
– Bizarre movements, postures, grimaces animal

– Waxy flexibility 15. Annilism – anal penetration of female partner /

victim
• Paranoid type
16. Transsexual – completely assumed the role of the
– Delusions of grandeur, persecution, jealousy identity of the opposite sex w/
Personality Disorders - Rigid patterns of behavior, permanence
personality
17. Frottage/Frottishism – rubbing of sex organs to other
– Self-defeating parts of the body of the victim
– Deeply ingrained maladaptive personality traits 18. Necrophilia – sexual intercourse with a dead body
• Types of Personality Disorder 19. Autosexual – without the cooperation of others
– Narcissistic personality disorder

– Paranoid personality disorder MANIA - state of excitement accompanied by exaltation

– Schizoid personality disorder or a feeling of well-being which is out

– Borderline personality disorder harmony with the surroundings.

– Antisocial personality disorder 1. Pyromania – uncontrollable desire of setting fire

Deviant Sexual Behavior - a sexual disorder characterized 2. Kleptomania – uncontrollable desire of stealing
by recurrent intense sexual urges, sexually arousing 3. Nymphomania (female)/Satyriasis (male) –
fantasies, or behavior involving use of a nonhuman uncontrollable desire for sex
object, the suffering or humiliation of oneself or one's
partner, or children or other nonconsenting partners. SIGNIFICANT TERMS TO PONDER

Heterosexuality – normal sexual relationship between * Habitual – demeanor resorted into a regular basis
members of the opposite sex * Instinctive – unlearned, inborn or innate (hunger ,self-
Types of Sexual Deviancy defense)

1. Homosexuality – sexual desire towards the same sex * Symbolic – human conduct in response to stimuli
undertaken by means of substitution e.g.
2. Transvestitism – wearing clothes and acting like the
opposite sex with permanence medal signify academic excellence

3. Voyeurism (pepping tom) – watching the members of * Complex – two or more habitual behavior occur in one
the same sex undressing or engaging situation

in sexual activities * Nomadism – wandering from one place to another

6
* Depression – excluding from unconscious awareness ✓ The main objective is to reconcile the object of
undesirable thought or memory causing the negotiator with that of the other party.
✓ A trained PNP personnel or any person
pain
authorized by the Incident/On-Scene
* Free floating anger – chronic reaction pattern of anger. Commander to negotiate for and in behalf of
Regards even neutral situation as the police.

having hostile implications and may cause blind rage or Negotiate – to arrange or settle by conferring or
may go berserk discussing

* Scapegoating – blame others for his failure Crisis Negotiation – the use of communication techniques
and strategies to influence a person to change his/her
* Suicide – self destruction because cannot express behavior in accordance with goals within legal, ethical and
anger outwardly moral constraints.
* Isolation – avoiding conflicts and seals of attitude on Priorities of Hostage Situation
the mental compartment
✓ preservation of life
* OVERCOMPENSATION – compensatory activity ceases ✓ apprehend hostage taker
to be of value once it gets out of control ✓ to successfully negotiate; there must be need to
CRISIS MANAGEMENT live on the part of the hostage taker and a threat
of force by the authorities
CRISIS
Categories of Hostage-Taker
A situation in which something or someone is affected by
one or more very serious problems; unstable/crucial time 1. Persons in Crisis – takes hostages during a period of
that needs decisiveness & strong resolve to solve the prolonged frustration, despair and
consequence problems
of its chaos 2. Psychotics – takes hostage during a period of
Crisis Management – The act or manner in handling psychiatric disturbance
decisive matters which is crucial ( involves life and 3. Common Criminals – takes hostage for personal
property); is the expert handling of a situation to reduce reason
or eliminate danger or destruction.
4. Prisoner – takes hostage because of dissatisfaction
2 Types of Crisis: and discontent
1. Manmade crisis – Public rallies, hostage situation, 5. Political Terrorist – takes hostages because of political
barricade situation, demolitions, bomb threats, and ideological beliefs
kidnapping operations, fire, rebellion
Hostage Taker’s Demands
2. Natural crisis(force majure) – earthquakes, typhoons,
tsunami, storm surge, etc ✓ Negotiable – food, drinks, alcohol, etc.
✓ Non-negotiable – weapons, dugs, ammo, etc
Purpose of Crisis Management:
Immediate actions of the negotiator upon arrival at the
“Salvari Vitas” – to save lives scene of incident:
Phases of Crisis Management 1. Containment
✓ Proactive Phase 2. Establish contact
✓ Reactive Phase
3. Time lengthening

HOSTAGE INCIDENT 4. Telephone negotiation technique

Any incident in which people are being held by another 5. Need for face-to-face conversation
person or persons against their will, usually by force
6. Surrender approach
coercion, and demands are being made by the hostage
taker Deadlock – means no deal and no agreement—in other
words, failure of the negotiation.
Hostages – a person held as a security for the fulfillment
of certain terms Stockholm syndrome – the development of unique
relations between the hostages and the hostage takers
Negotiator – act as referee, helping the negotiators
resolve their differences. CRISIS MANAGEMENT TEAM

✓ Must be well versed about the issues in order to Team – a small group of people with complementary
be able to eventually recommend and effective skills who are committed to a common
solution.
purpose
7
The Negotiation Team 3. Third Component – the sniper/observer sub-team

1. Negotiator Supervisor – responsible for the overall

functioning of the negotiating team
GUIDELINES
2. Primary Negotiator – actually communicates with the
✓ Situation must be stabilized first and contained
subject.
before the start of the negotiation
3. Secondary Negotiator – (Backup) assists the primary ✓ all relevant tools and information that can
negotiator by offering advice, strengthen the negotiation shall be brought
(Neighborhood Check )
monitoring the negotiations, keeping notes, and
✓ do not introduce outsiders into the negotiation
ensuring that the Primary Negotiator sees
process unless their presence is extremely
and hears everything in the proper perspective. necessary in the solution of the crisis
✓ in case the negotiator breaks down and finds
4. Intelligence Officer – interviews individuals (ONE OF himself in a dead lock it is recommended to
THE WEAKNES) associated with the suspect to compile a employ the service of mediator
criminal history and a history of mental illness, as well as ✓ police officers without training shall not allow
to gather other relevant information. He is also in charge participating in hostage situations
of the recordings of all conversations. ✓ proper coordination (no conflict) with the
5. Mental Health Consultant – responsible for evaluating assault team, Technical Support Team and
the personality of the hostage taker. Negotiation Team
✓ all the deliveries of items and goods to the
6. Equipment Officer – understands technical stronghold must have tactical Coordination with
information regarding radios, computer, phone the Negotiating Team Leader.(DEMANDS)
systems, etc. Active Listening Techniques
COMMAND POST – the position from which a unit ✓ Open-ended questions/statement
commander and his staff exercise command over the ✓ Effective pauses
hostage incident ✓ Minimal encouragement
A. Ground Commander ✓ Mirroring (Reflecting Feelings)
✓ Paraphrasing
✓ otherwise known as ON- THE- SCENE ✓ Emotional labeling (Reflecting meaning)
COMMANDER ✓ I-messages
✓ a Police Commission Officer at least a senior ✓ Summative reflections
rank usually Superintendent
✓ One must experience in hostage and crisis FACTS: PUBLIC ASSEMBLIES HELD IN FREEDOM PARKS
situation or has undergone proper training on OR IN PRIVATE PROPERTY.
hostage situations. A. Dispersal of Public Assembly With Permit
✓ One that issues press statements either or
designates one from the team. 1. First sign of impending violence Ground Commander
shall call the attention of leaders and
B. Negotiators/Negotiation Team
ask to prevent any disturbances
✓ designated by the Ground Commander
✓ One that speaks and talks with the hostage taker 2. If factual violence occurred to the point of throwing
✓ under control and supervision of the Scene rocks and object the Ground Commander

C. Assault Team shall audibly warn the participants that if the disturbance
persist, assembly will be dispersed.
✓ always alert for deployment in case negotiation
fails 3. No arrest of any leader, organizer or participants shall
✓ must wear recognizable uniform during the be made unless he violates the law or
conduct of operation ordinances (always remember rule 13 and 14 of crim.
D. Support Personnel Pro.)

✓ Emergency Response Team B. Dispersal of Public Assembly Without Permit

✓ Fire truck with personnel 1. If permit is asked and failed to comply, the assembly
✓ Bomb specialist must be peacefully dispersed
Tactical Team Components 2. Permit shall be filed 5 days prior to the date of the
1. First Component – responsible for maintaining said activity
perimeter control 3. If application for assembly has been passed to the
2. Second Component – the apprehension and assault Mayor and then no action taken within 5 days it is
team
8
presumed that such grant is given and authorities has before going to the crime scene.
the burden to prove its denial
* Proceed Immediately to the scene
PNP Prohibited Acts During Assembly
* Notify higher headquarters of any development.
✓ Obstructing, Impeding, Disrupting or otherwise
Upon Arrival at the Scene
denying the exercise of the right of peaceful
assembly 1. Confirm the report and notify EODT of the need to do
✓ Unnecessary firing of firearms to disperse the bomb sweep.
public assembly
✓ Carrying of deadly weapon 2. Conduct search for suspicious devices with person
✓ Malicious burning of any object in the streets familiar with place. Ex.( UC)
of thoroughfares 3. Evacuation and assembly routes must be searched to
✓ The interfering with or intentionally disturbing ensure that the Personnel are not
the holding of public assembly by the use of
motor vehicle, its horns and loud systems. unnecessarily exposed with dangers.
✓ Drinking of liquor or alcoholic beverages 4. Designate a “safe assembly area” area away from the
✓ Gambling structure out of line of sight of the
Guidelines in the Use of Non-Lethal Weapon building and well clear of windows minimum distance of
a. Shield and Truncheon- GR. may be utilized only to push 150 meters.
back demonstrators & not as an instrument to strike an 5. Never assemble personnel in front of or directly below
individuals. Exception; If aggressive, becomes the glass areas.
principal non lethal weapon in dispersing
6. Advice employees to take their personal belongings to
b. Water Cannon-may be utilized when demonstrators eliminate suspicious objects.
become aggressive forcing troops to fall
7. Select safe areas for evacuees to wait in considerable
back to their secondary positions period.
c. Tear gas and Pepper spray-may be utilized to break up 8. Avoid car parks in the area to avoid car bomb attacks.
formations/groupings that
9. Escape routes must be clear. Evacuation routes must
continues to be aggressive and effuses to disperse be searched before evacuation.

10. Include procedure for machinery shutdown

BOMB THREAT AND BOMB INCIDENT EMERGENCY
RESPONSES PROCEDURES

Bomb – is a container filled with explosives, incendiary,

material, smoke, gas or other destructive

substance, designed to explode

Bomb Threat – is either a written or verbal threat

communicated through electronic oral or other
---We are given with Primitive Instinct and Power which
means that threatens the public we can Barely Control, we must be able to effectively
and wisely Control these Instinct and Power ----
Upon Receipt of Information:

✓ Treat all threats as serious until proven

otherwise
✓ Determine the exact location of the
establishment under threat
✓ Assess or analyze the threat whether it is a long
term or short term

Evacuation Options

Option 1 - do nothing

Option 2 - search with partial evacuation

Option 3 - search and evacuation

Option 4 - evacuate immediately

* Alert Explosive Ordnance Demolition Team for bomb

search mission & Emergency readiness