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Goroutines

Goroutines are lightweight threads that enable concurrent execution in Go. They allow creating many concurrent tasks more efficiently than traditional threads. Goroutines communicate through channels to coordinate work and exchange data.

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soubhagya panda
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43 views

Goroutines

Goroutines are lightweight threads that enable concurrent execution in Go. They allow creating many concurrent tasks more efficiently than traditional threads. Goroutines communicate through channels to coordinate work and exchange data.

Uploaded by

soubhagya panda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Goroutines are a fundamental feature of the Go programming language, designed to

make concurrent programming easier and more efficient.

A goroutine is a lightweight thread of execution that is managed by the Go runtime.


Unlike traditional operating system threads, which are relatively heavyweight and
can consume a significant amount of memory, goroutines are lightweight and have a
smaller memory footprint. This allows Go programs to create and manage a large
number of goroutines efficiently.

Here are some key points about goroutines:

Concurrency: Goroutines enable concurrent execution in Go. They allow multiple


tasks to run concurrently within the same address space, making it easier to write
programs that perform tasks concurrently without the need for complex thread
management.
Syntax: Creating a goroutine is as simple as prefixing a function call with the go
keyword. For example:
go
Copy code
go func() {
// code to be executed concurrently
}()
This starts a new goroutine that executes the specified function concurrently with
the rest of the program.
Lightweight: Goroutines are lightweight compared to threads managed by the
operating system. They have a smaller stack size by default (typically a few
kilobytes), which allows Go programs to create thousands or even millions of
goroutines without consuming excessive memory.
Synchronization: Goroutines communicate with each other through channels, which are
built-in data structures designed for safe communication and synchronization
between concurrent goroutines. Channels allow goroutines to send and receive
values, facilitating coordination and data exchange.
Asynchronous Programming: Goroutines enable asynchronous programming in Go, where
tasks can run concurrently without blocking the main program's execution. This is
particularly useful for I/O-bound tasks, such as network communication or disk I/O,
where waiting for operations to complete would otherwise result in wasted CPU time.
Cancellation and Error Handling: Goroutines can be gracefully terminated using
cancellation mechanisms such as context.Context. This allows for clean shutdown of
concurrent tasks and proper resource cleanup. Additionally, error handling in
goroutines is straightforward, as errors can be propagated through channels or
handled locally within the goroutine.
Overall, goroutines are a powerful concurrency primitive in Go that simplify the
development of concurrent programs, allowing developers to write efficient,
scalable, and concurrent software with ease.

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