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Prezentul Se Transformă În Past Tense:: Simona:)

The document discusses rules for changing direct speech to indirect speech in Romanian. It covers changing pronouns, adverbs, verbs and other elements when converting questions, statements and commands from direct to indirect forms while maintaining meaning.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
30 views

Prezentul Se Transformă În Past Tense:: Simona:)

The document discusses rules for changing direct speech to indirect speech in Romanian. It covers changing pronouns, adverbs, verbs and other elements when converting questions, statements and commands from direct to indirect forms while maintaining meaning.

Uploaded by

wysacad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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❅❅❅ Vorbirea directă și vorbirea indirectă ❅❅❅

☃ Pentru a trece propozițiile principale din vorbirea directă în vorbire indirectă


se aplică următoarele reguli, ținându-se seama de felul propozițiilor (enunțiative,
interogative și imperative):

1) Propoziția enunțiativă: ☃☃☃☃☃


a) Se introduce prin conjuncția that , sau direct, omițându-se conjuncția:

She says: "I am so happy."


She says (that) she is so happy.

b) Pronumele personale, posesive, reflexive și adjectivul posesiv își modifică


persoana după sens:

She says: "I am so happy."


She says that she is so happy.

They say: "We are ready."


They say that they are ready.

c) Dacă predicatul propoziției introductive este la un timp trecut, timpul


verbelor în vorbirea indirectă se modifică potrivit regulilor de corespondență a
timpurilor:

☃ Prezentul se transformă în Past Tense: ☃


"I'm all right " he said.
He said that he was all right.

☃ Present Perfect se transformă în Past Perfect: ☃


They said: "The boy has refused to let anyone come into the room."
They said that the boy had refused to let anyone come into the room.

☃ Past Tense devine Past Perfect: ☃


He said: "At school in France the boys told me....."
He said that at school in France the boys had told him.....

☁❅❅… În unele cazuri, Past Tense se păstrează:


She said: "Mother died in 1930."
She said her mother died in 1930. ✿ Simona :)

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☃ Past Perfect nu se schimbă: ☃
He said: "I had finished everything by five o'clock."
He said that he had finished everything by five o'clock.

☃ Future Indefinitive se transformă în Future-in-the-Past: ☃


He said: "I shall come and see you as soon as I can."
He said that he would come and see me as soon as he could.

d) Propozițiile enunțiative sunt introduse prin verbe declarative sau


echivalentele lor: to say, to say to și to tell (când se arată și persoana căreia
ne adresăm), to think, to answer, to reply, to add etc.

2) Propoziția interogativă: ☃☃☃☃☃


a) Se introduce prin conjuncția if sau whether (dacă întrebarea are un
caracter general) sau se păstreaza același cuvânt interogativ din vorbirea directă
(dacă întrebarea are un caracter special):

☃ întrebări generale: ☃
"Are you sure?" the boy said.
The boy asked me if (whether) I was sure.

"Do you want me to read to you?" I asked him.


I asked him if (whether) he wanted me to read to him.

☃ întrebări speciale: ☃
"How do you feel, John?" I asked.
I asked him how he felt.

"Why don't you try to go to sleep?" I asked.


I asked him why he did not try to go to sleep.

b) Nu se mai face inversiunea subiectului cu predicatul deoarece propoziția


devine enunțiativă. Se renunță la folosirea auxiliarului to do:

The boy said: "Do you think I am going to die?"


The boy asked his father if he thought he was going to die.

I asked: "Are you all right?"


I asked him if he was all right. ✿ Simona :)

2
c) Persoana se schimbă după sens:

"Where have you been?" he asked. (me)


He asked where I had been.

I asked her: "Are you really ill?"


He asked her if she was really ill.

d) Se respectă regulile corespondenței timpurilor când propoziția introductivă


e la un timp trecut:

He asked: "What are you afraid of?"


He asked me what I was afraid of.

He asked: "Did you return my bicycle?"


He asked me if I had returned his bicycle.

e) Propozițiile interogative sunt introduse prin verbele: to ask, to inquire (a


întreba), to wonder (a se întreba) etc.

3) Propoziția imperativă: ☃☃☃☃☃


a) Modul imperativ se transformă în infinitiv:

"You go up to bed!" I said.


I told him to go up to bed.

"Don't come in!" he said.


He told me not to come in.

b) Propozițiile imperative sunt introduse prin verbe care exprimă un ordin, o


rugăminte, o cerere: to order, to tell, to ask, to command, to beg, to
request, to advise, to suggest, to allow etc.

❅ ❅ ❅❅ ❅
❅ ☃ ❅❅ ✿ Simona :)

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Pronume

I He/she

we they

my His/her

our their

this that

these those

Adverb

Here there

Now then

Today that day

Tonight that night

Tomorrow the next day

the following day

Yesterday the day before

the previous day

4
Ago before

Next the next

the day after tomorrow in two day time

the day before yesterday two days before

☃☃☃☃☃☃☃☃

Verb

Present simple Past simple

Present continuous Past continuous

Present perfect Past perfect

Past tense Past perfect

Future Future in the past

Imperative Infinitive

❅ Prezentul simplu poate rămâne neschimbat atunci când exprimă un adevăr


general valabil sau o acțiune valabilă și în prezent.

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❅ If poate fi înlocuit cu whether atunci când exprimă o îndoială sau
posibilitatea unei alegeri.

’Shall I help you?’ he said. ❅ He said whether I should help him.

❅ Întrebările ...

‘Do you speak English?’ he asked. ❅ He asked me if I spoke English.

❅ Imperativul cu let :

I Let me go!
Singular

II Go!

III Let him/her/it go!

I Let us go! (Let’s)


Plural

II Go!

III Let them go!

"Let’s go", he said. ❅ He suggested that they should go. ✿ Simona :)

❅ Exclamațiile:


"What a ...! " She said it was ...

"How a ...!"


"My goodness!"

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"Oh dear!" 

 She exclaimed with


"Heavens!" horror/disgust/surprise


"Ugh!"

"For goodness
sake!"

"Look out!!"

"Thank you!"  He thanked me


"Good morning!" She greeted me

She wished me a...

"Liar!"  She called me a liar.

"Damn!"  She swore...

❅ Condiționalele tip II și III rămân neschimbate.

❅❅❅❅❅❅❅❅❅❅❅❅❅
❅❅❅❅❅❅❅❅
❅ ✿ Simona :)

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