6/3/22, 6:28 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this
part.
Consider the message "DO NOT PASS GO."
1. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
Identify the number obtained after applying the encryption function f(p) = (p + 3) mod 26 to the the
number translated from the letters of the above message.
(You must provide an answer before moving to the next part.)
6-17 16-17-22 18-3-21-21 9-17
6-17 16-7-22 18-3-21-21 9-17
6-17 16-17-22 18-3-20-21 9-17
6-17 16-17-22 18-3-21-21 9-7
Add 3, and reduce modulo 26 for 3-14 13-14-19 15-0-18-18 6-14.
6-17 16-17-22 18-3-21-21 9-17
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 04 Number
Theory and Cryptography > Section 04.06 Cryptography
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6/3/22, 6:28 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
2. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
Translate the encrypted numbers to letters for the function f(p) = f(p + 13) mod 26.
(You must provide an answer before moving to the next part.)
QB ABC CNFF TB
QB ABG CNFF TB
QB ABG CNFF UB
QB ABG BNFF TB
First, replace the letters in the message with numbers. This produces
3 14 13 14 19 15 0 18 18 6 14.
Now, replace each of these numbers p by f(p) = (p + 13) mod 26. This gives
16 1 0 1 6 2 13 5 5 19 1.
Translating this back to letters produces the encrypted message “QB ABG CNFF TB."
QB ABG CNFF TB
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 04 Number
Theory and Cryptography > Section 04.06 Cryptography
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6/3/22, 6:28 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
3. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
Identify the number obtained after applying the encryption function f(p) = (3p + 7) mod 26 to the the
number translated from the letters of the above message.
(You must provide an answer before moving to the next part.)
16-23 20-23-12 0-7-9-9 25-23
16-23 20-21-12 0-7-9-9 25-23
16-23 20-23-12 0-7-8-8 25-23
16-23 20-23-12 0-7-9-9 20-23
Multiply by 3 and then add 7, and reduce modulo 26 for 3-14 13-14-19 15-0-18-18 6-14.
16-23 20-23-12 0-7-9-9 25-23
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 04 Number
Theory and Cryptography > Section 04.06 Cryptography
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6/3/22, 6:29 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this
part.
Decrypt these messages that were encrypted using the Caesar cipher.
4. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
HDW GLP VXP
The decrypted message of HDW GLP VXP is EAT DIM SUM. .
Explanation:
“Subtract 3” from each letter, for example, E goes down to B, and B goes down to Y. Therefore, the
answer is EAT DIM SUM.
The decrypted message is EAT DIM SUM.
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 04
Number Theory and Cryptography > Section 04.06 Cryptography
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6/3/22, 6:29 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
5. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students.
Arrange the steps in correct order to encrypt the message ATTACK using the RSA system with n = 43 ·
59 and e = 13, translating each letter into integers and grouping together pairs of integers.
4 The message is 2299 1317 2117.
Correct: 4
2 Compute C = P13 mod 2537 for P = 19, P = 1900, and P = 210.
Correct: 2
3 The results are 2299, 1317, and 2117, respectively.
Correct: 3
1 Translate the letters into numbers. 0019 1900 0210
Correct: 1
Translating the letters into numbers, we have 0019 1900 0210. Thus, we need to compute C = P13 mod
2537 for P = 19, P = 1900, and P = 210. The results of these calculations, done by fast modular
multiplication or a computer algebra system, are 2299, 1317, and 2117. Thus, the encrypted message is
2299 1317 2117.
The correct arrangement of steps is listed below.
Translate the letters into numbers.
0019 1900 0210
Compute C = P13 mod 2537 for P = 19, P = 1900, and P = 210.
The results are 2299, 1317, and 2117, respectively.
Thus, the message is 2299 1317 2117
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 04 Number
Theory and Cryptography > Section 04.06 Cryptography
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6/3/22, 6:29 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this
part.
Find the prime factorization of each of these integers, and use each factorization to answer the
questions posed.
6. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
The smallest prime factor of 77 is 7.
Explanation:
To find the prime factorization of each integer, first perform divisions of the integers by successive
primes, beginning with 2.
77 = 7 · 11.
The smallest prime factor is 7.
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 04
Number Theory and Cryptography > Section 04.03 Primes and Greatest Common Divisors
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6/3/22, 6:29 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this
part.
Identify the greatest common divisor of the following pair of integers.
7. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
22 · 33 · 55 and 25 · 32 · 52
25 · 33 · 55
25 · 34 · 55
22 · 33 · 55
22 · 32 · 52
The greatest common divisor is found by finding the minimum exponent for each prime factor.
In the given integer 22, 32, and 52 are the minimum exponent for each prime factor.
So, the greatest common divisor is 22 · 32 · 52.
22 · 32 · 52
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 04 Number
Theory and Cryptography > Section 04.03 Primes and Greatest Common Divisors
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6/3/22, 6:30 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this part.
Click and drag the steps on the left to their corresponding step number on the right to prove the given statement.
8. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
(A ∩ B) ⊆ A
Step 1
Step 2
Explanation:
If x is in A ∩ B, x is in A and x is in B by definition of intersection.
Thus x is in A.
Hence proved.
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 02 Basic Structures: Sets, Functions,
Sequences, Sums, and Matrices > Section 02.02 Set Operations
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6/3/22, 6:30 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this
part.
Let A = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, B = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, and C = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}. Find the value of given
function.
9. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
(A ∪ B) ∩ C
{0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
{2, 4, 6}
{4, 6}
{4, 5, 6, 8, 10}
4, 5, 6, 8, and 10 are the elements in the set (A ∪ B) ∩ C.
(A ∪ B) ∩ C = {4, 5, 6, 8, 10}
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 02 Basic
Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums, and Matrices > Section 02.02 Set Operations
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6/3/22, 6:32 PM Quiz 21-5-2022
NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this
part.
∞ ∞
Identify ∪ Ai and ∩ Ai for the given Ai, where i is a positive integer.
i=1 i=1
10. Award: 1.00 point Problems? Adjust credit for all students. Required information
Ai = {–i, i}
The union is Z – {0} and the intersection is {1}.
The union is Z and the intersection is Ø.
The union is Z – {0} and the intersection is Ø.
The union is Z and the intersection is {1}.
All the sets are subsets of the set of integers, and every nonzero integer is in exactly one of the sets;
∞
thus, ∪ A i = Z − {0} . Each pair of these sets is disjoint, so no element is common to all of the sets.
i=1
Thus, ∩ Ai = ∅ .
i=1
∞ ∞
∪ A i = Z − {0} and ∩ Ai = ∅
i=1 i=1
Source: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications (Rosen, 8, ISBN 1259731251) > Chapter 02 Basic
Structures: Sets, Functions, Sequences, Sums, and Matrices > Section 02.02 Set Operations
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