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Bhagavad Gita or The Message of The Master

The document provides an introduction to the Bhagavad Gita, a famous Hindu scripture. It discusses the context of the Gita within the Mahabharata epic and its importance in Hindu philosophy. It also addresses different English translations of the Gita and aims to simplify the text for English readers.

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Nieves
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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
41 views79 pages

Bhagavad Gita or The Message of The Master

The document provides an introduction to the Bhagavad Gita, a famous Hindu scripture. It discusses the context of the Gita within the Mahabharata epic and its importance in Hindu philosophy. It also addresses different English translations of the Gita and aims to simplify the text for English readers.

Uploaded by

Nieves
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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