Ms.

Dian

Grammar
TOPIC: FUTURE TENSE. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
 Future Tense

BE GOING TO VS WILL
Be going to and will mean the same when a) She is going to succeed because she
they are used to make predictions. works hard
b) She will succeed because she works hard

Be going to is used to express a prior plan c) I bought some wood because I am going
made before a moment of speaking. to build a bookcase for my apartment.

Will is used to express a decision the speaker d) This chair is too heavy for you to carry
makes at the moment os speaking. alone. I’ll help you.
Be going to VS Will
1. A: Why did you buy this flour?
B: I _____________ make some bread.

2. A: could someone please open the window?

B: I ______________ do it for you.

3. A: Do you have a car?

B: yes, but I ______________ sell it. I don’t need it now because I usually use the bus.
 Future Tense

Using simple present to express future time

The simple present can express future time a) My plane arrives at 7:35 tomorrow
when events are on a definite schedule or evening.
timetable. b) Tom’s new job starts next week
c) The semester ends in two more week
Only a few verbs are used in the simple
present to express future times. e.g: arrive,
leave, start, begin, end, finish, open, close.
 Present Perfect Tense Function

 Function:
a. Expresess and activity or situation that occurred before now,
at unspecified time in the past. ( Jim has eaten lunch)
b. An activity may be repeated two or several times at
unspecified time in the past (Rika has eaten at that restaurant)
c. Expresses situation that began in the past and continue to the
present (it is used with since or for)
 Forms of the present perfect

Example:
S + have/has +V3+ complement I have finished my work
+
Jim has seen the movie

Example:
- S + have/has+ not +V3+ complement I have not finished my work
Jim has not seen the movie

Have/has+ S + V3 complement + ? Example:

?
(noun/adverb/adj ) Have you finished your work?
 Present Perfect Tense

Simple Past VS Present Perfect

I finished my work two hours ago I have finished my work

I was in Europe last year I have been in Europe several times

Bella has been in New York for two

Ann was in New York for two weeks
weeks/since May
Simple Past VS Present Perfect
1. I have had several bicycles in my lifetime
2. I had a blue bicycle when I was a teenager
3. I had a green bicycle when I lived in Hong Kong

4. Anna had a red bike for two years

5. Lisa has had a red bike for two years
 Using Since and For
I have been here… Since eight o’clock Since is followed by
Since Tuesday the mentionof a
Since May specific point of timein
Since 2010 the past: an hour, a
Since yesterday day, a month, a year
Since last month etc..
She has been here … For ten minutes For is followed by the
For two hours mention of a length
For five days of time (duration)
For three weeks
For many years

MAIN CLAUSE SINCE CLAUSE Present perfect is used

(present perfect) (simple past)
in the main clause; the
I have lived here since I was a child simple past is used in
He has met many people since he came here the since-clause
 Present Perfect Progessive

 Function:
a. Expresess the duration of an activity that began in the past
and in progress right now.(Ria has been sitting in class for thirty
minutes.)
b. Non action verbs (e.g: know, like, own, belong) are not used in
any progressive tense
correct: I have known Yoko for two years
incorrect: I have been knowing Yoko for two years.
 Forms of the present perfect

Example:
S + have/has + been + V-ing She has been reading for one
+
hour.

Example:
- S + have/has+ not + been +V-ing She has not been sleeping since
yesterday

Have/has+ S + been + V-ing + ? Example:

?
Have you been drinking?
 Present Perfect Progressive Tense

Present Perfect VS Present Perfect Progressive

Present perfect:
a) Rita has talked to Josh on the phone many times Repeated activities that occur at unspecified
before time in the past.

b) Rita has known Josh for two years The duration of present situation using non-
action verb.
Present perfect Progressive: Expresses the duration of present activities that
Rita and Josh have been talking on the phone for ten are in progress using action verbs
minutes
a) I have lived her for six months. or Often either tense can be used with verbs that
b) I have been living here for six months. express the duration of usual or habitual
c)I have gone to school since I was five years old. or activities/situations. (e.g: live, work, teach, wear
d) I have been going to school since I was five years glasses, smoke, go to school)
old.
 Present Perfect VS Present Perfect Progressive
1. A: I’m tired. We (walk) ______________ for more than an hour. Let’s stop for a while.
B: okay.
2. A: Is the mall far from here?
B: Not at all. I (walk) _______________ there many times.
3. A: Do you like it here?
B: I (live) ______________ here for only a short while. I don’t know yet.
4. A: I (read) _____________ this chapter in my chemistry book three times, and still don’t understand.
5. A: My eyes are getting tired. I (read) ______________ this chapter for two hours. I will take a break.
B: Why don’t we go for a walk.
6. A: Do you like this hotel?
B: very much. I (stay) ______________ here at least a dozen times.
7. A: The baby is crying. Shouldn’t we do something?
B: He’s alright.
A: Are you sure? He (cry) ______________ for almost ten minutes.
8. She’s one of the best teachers at the elementary school. She (teach) ______________ for twenty years.
9. Ed (play) ________________ tennis for ten years, but he is still not good at it
10. Mr. Alvarez works at the power company. He (work) __________________ there for fifteen years.
 Error Analyisis
Correct the errors. Pay attention to the tenses, capitalization, spelling, and agreement.

1. I have been studied English for eight year.

2. I want to learn English since I am a child.
3. Our class has have three tests since the beginning of the term.
4. I have started the English classes since three weeks ago and I am learning some English since that
time.
5. All of us has learn many things since we were children.
6. When I were at my sisters’s house, we had an argument. Since then I didn’t talk to her for three
days.
7. Since I was very young, I like animals.
8. I have been study English since three and a half month.
9. In my country, women are soldiers in the army since the 1970s.
10. I almost die in a car accident five year ago. Since that day my life changed completely.
V1 (Simple Form) V2 (Simple Past) V3 (Past V1 (Simple Form) V2 (Simple Past) V3 (Past
Participle) Participle)

be was/were been do did done

begin began begun draw drew drawn

break broke broken drive drove driven

bring brought brought eat ate eaten

buy bought bought feel felt felt

build built built find found found

choose chose chosen get got got

come came come give gave given

cost cost cost go went gone

cut cut cut have had had

V1 (Simple Form) V2 (Simple Past) V3 (Past V1 (Simple Form) V2 (Simple Past) V3 (Past
Participle) Participle)

hear heard heard mean meant meant

hold held held meet met met

keep kept kept pay paid paid

know knew known put put put

leave left left run ran run

lead led led say said said

let let let see saw seen

lie lay lain sell sold sold

lose lost lost send sent sent

make made made set set set

V1 (Simple Form) V2 (Simple Past) V3 (Past V1 (Simple Form) V2 (Simple Past) V3 (Past
Participle) Participle)

sit sat sat win won won

speak spoke spoken write wrote written

spend spent spent withdraw withdrew withdrawn

stand stood stood

take took taken

teach taught taught

tell told told

think thought thought

understand understood understood

wear wore worn