A PROJECT SYNOPSIS ON

“ Design and Fabrication of Hybrid power generation system using

solar energy and wind energy ”
For a project Report to be submitted in partial fulfilment
For the requirement of the Award of Degree of

Bachelor of Technology
In
Mechanical Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Technology

RASHTRASANT TUKDOJI MAHARAJ NAGPUR UNIVERSITY NAGPUR

SUBMITTED BY
Enrollment number Name of Student

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303353). Sagar Chaudhary

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303389) Vishanukumar Thakre

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303315) Lokeshchandra Basene

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303313). Litesh Pardhi

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303364). Savan Badole

GUIDED BY

Dr.Yogesh Mahulkar

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ABHA GAIKWAD PATIL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
NAGPUR
2023-2024

1
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that as following is carrying out project entitled “Design and Fabrication
of Hybrid power generation system using solar energy a wind energy ”towards partial fulfilment for the
requirement of the award of B.Tech. (Mechanical Engineering) by R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur.

This is the project synopsis & accordingly, the project work shall be carried out exclusively on the line
proposed here. The work shall be original & exclusive to be carried out by the candidate under my supervision
& shall not be allowed to be used for award of any other degree.

Certified on this____________ day of ____________, 2023 at Nagpur

Dr. Yogesh Mahulkar Prof.Gaurav Nagdeve

(Guide) (Project coordinator)

Dr. Vijay Talodhikar Dr. P. L Naktode

(H.O.D.) (Principal)

2
 CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

Certified that the project synopsis report entitled “Design and Fabrication of Hybrid power
generation system using solar energy/wind energy” has been successfully completed by “As following”
under the guidance of. “Dr. Yogesh Mahulkar ” in recognition to the partial fulfillment for the award of the
degree of Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical Engineering, Seventh Semester, From “Abha Gaikwad-Patil
College of Engineering, Nagpur” (Affiliated to Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University)

Enrollment number Name of student

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303353) Sagar Chaudhary

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303389) Vishnukumar Thakre

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303315) Lokeshchandra Basene

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303313) Litesh Pardhi

(ENROLLMENT NO.- 20221028303364) Savan Badole

Dr.Yogesh Mahulkar Prof. - Gaurav Nagdeve

(Guide) (Project coordinator)

Dr. Vijay Talodhikar Dr. P. L Nagtode

(H.O.D.) (Principal)

3
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter
Name of Chapter Page No.
No.
CERTIFICATE 2
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
LIST OF TABLES 5
LIST OF FIGURES 5
ABSTRACT 6
1 INTRODUCTION 7
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 8
3 MOTIVATION 11
4 PART DISCRIPTION 12
5 OBJECTIVES 14
6 DESCRIPTION METHODOLOGY 15

7 PLAN OF RESEARCH 16

8 COST ESTIMATION 17
9 CONCLUSION 18
10 REFERENCES 19

4
 LIST OF TABLES

Sr. Table Page

Title of Table
No. No. No.

1 1 PLAN OF RESEARCH 16

2 1 COST ESTIMATION 17

LIST OF FIGURES

Sr. Figure Page

Title of Figure
No. No. No.
1 1 GENRAL LAYOUT 12

2 2 Existing system 13

5
 ABSTRACT

We express our sincere gratitude to Mr. Dr. Vijay Talodhikar Head of Department of mechanical En gineering of

Abha Gaikwad patil college of engineering Nagpur (MS), India, for his stimulating guidance, continuous encouragement

and supervision throughout the course of present work.

We also wish to extend our thanks to other colleagues for attending our seminars and for their insightful

comments and constructive suggestions to improve the quality of this project work. We are extremely thankful to

Dr.Yogesh mahulkar sir, Abha Gaikwad college of engineering nagpur for providing me infrastructural facilit ies to work

in, without which this work would not have been possible.

Solar-wind hybrid system is basically an integration of solar plant and a wind energy plant. It will help in

providing the uninterrupted power supply. The hybrid system can be used for both industrial and domestic applications.

Among the advantages of this arrangement are that generators can be placed close to the ground along with solar module,

make it hybrid system. This project deals with the generation of electricity by using two sou rces combine which leads to

generate electricity with affordable cost without damaging the nature balance.

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUTION

Hybrid system is a mixture of different renewable energy source like solar energy, wind etc. In the
Hybrid power generation the generated power is firstly stored in the battery and then it is used to full II the
demand of energy.
Now days wind and solar energy system is growing with a great speed and conventional energy source
is depleting day by day and it is going to vanish in coming years.
We have to search a new energy source which is pollution free, easily available. Sunny days the energy
is provided by the sun while on cloudy day the power is supplied by the wind system.
In recent years, hybrid PV/wind systems have become viable alternatives to meet environmental protection
requirements and electricity demands. A hybrid solar-wind energy system uses two renewable energy sources.
Hence, efficiency and power reliability of the system increase. However, aggregating inherently
stochastic power sources such as wind and so-lar to achieve reliable electricity supply is a non-trivial problem.
To use solar and wind energy resources more efficiently and econo mically, the optimal sizing of hybrid
PV/wind systems is important . One of the applications of a PV array and wind turbine is constructing a hybrid
energy system PV/wind for use in commercial buildings.

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 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY
[1] REVIEW ON WIND-SOLAR HYBRID POWER SYSTEM
Sumit Wagh IJRISE / e-ISSN: 2394-8299/Volume: 3 Issue:2 March-April 2017
IJRISE / e-ISSN: 2394-8299 / Volume: 3 Issue:2 March-April 2017
The objective of this research paper is to study the various aspects of hybrid solar and wind system. The
application and different theories related to the development of hybrid also discussed in this paper.

[2] Solar-Wind Hybrid Energy Generation System

Pritesh P. Shirsath IJERGS / ISSN 2091-2730 / Volume 4, Issue 2, March-April, 2016
The purpose of the project is to generate electricity without using non-renewable resources and pollution. Since,
renewable standalone energy generation system have disadvantages, which need to be overcame by hybrid
systems. This work covers realization of hybrid energy system for multiple applications, which runs under a
designed circuitry to utilize the solar and wind power. And a designed circuitry for more efficient results,
and inverters to convert the electrical energy as per demand.

[3] A Hybrid Model of Solar – Wind Power Generation System

G.B. Hangaragi Asian Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, Special Conference Issue, Vol . 2016,
Issue 3
This paper presents the Solar-Wind hybrid Power system that harnesses the renewable energies in Sun and
Wind to generate electricity. System control relies mainly on micro controller. It ensures the optimum
utilization of resources and hence improves the efficiency as compared with their individual mode of
generation.

[4] SOLAR-WIND HYBRID POWER GENERATION SYSTEM

Bharat Raj Singh IRJET / e-ISSN: 2395-0056 / Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018

Solar-wind hybrid system is basically an integration of solar plant and a wind energy plant. A microcontroller
ensures the optimum utilization of resources and it also increases the efficiency of the combined system as
compared to the individual mode of generation. It helps in decreasing the dependence on one single source and
makes the system more reliable. The hybrid system can be used for both industrial and domestic applications.

[5] Hybrid Power Generation System Using Wind Energy and Solar Energy
Ashish S. Ingole International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications / ISSN 2250-3153 / Volume 5,
Issue 3, March 2015
This paper deals with the generation of electricity by using two sources combine which leads to generate
electricity with affordable cost without damaging the nature balance. It give uninter rupted power by using
hybrid energy system. Basically, this system involves the integration of two energy system that will give
continuous power. Solar panels are used for converting solar energy and wind turbines are used for converting
wind energy into electricity

[6] Design of a Hybrid Solar-Wind Power Plant Using Optimization

Karim Mousa Research gate / 224164995 / Conference Paper · 23 May 2014.

8
In this paper, he develops an optimal design for a hybrid solar-wind energy plant, where the variables that are
optimized over include the number of photovoltaic modules, the wind turbine height, the number of wind
turbines, and the turbine rotor diameter, and the goal is to minimize costs. Simulation studies and sensitivity
analysis reveal that the hybrid plant is able to exploit the complementary nature of the two energy sources, and
deliver energy reliably throughout the year.

[7] The literature on fundamentals and applications of data acquisition,

Instrumentation, and control to Engineering and technology is very extensive. Today in any type of computer
aided manufacturing project work and laboratory tests, precision and reliability of instrumentation and data
acquisition techniques may cause major impacts on results and outcomes. Therefore, students in technol ogy
programs must gain knowledge and skills pertinent to their curriculum and job requirements when they need to
obtain any type of physical or virtual data on manufacturing, testing, measurement, and protection areas. An
overview and importance of data acquisition and automation in general are listed well in the literature (Curtis,
2003, and Wolf, Smith, 1990)

[8] An excellent book for instructional use is "Learning with Lab View™"
By Bishop (2001) that covers the basics, rational, virtual instruments, programming, data acquisition, control, and
applications appropriate for Industrial Technology students.

[9] Every academic year, National Instrument Inc.

Provides a Existing 1.5 kW Wind-Solar hybrid power generation unit, 4 Journal of Industrial Technology
Volume 20, Number 3. June 2004 through August 2004 www.nait.org number of updated academic resources
such as courseware, academic applications, reference books, product information, and worldwide resources
(National Instruments, 2003).

[10] According to National Instruments and many researchers in Data Acquisition area,
Lab View™ js revolutionizing industry and dramatically affecting traditional academic research and teaching,
A Lab View™ hased laboratory makes researchers more productive and enhances the l earning experience
(Franz, 2003). Rather than focusing on time consuming methods of gathering data, educators and students can
focus on results and concepts (National Instruments, 2003).

[11] Another book entitled "Lab View for Everyone 2nd Edition"
By Travis (2002) covers also fundamentals to advanced levels of Lab View Environment, and interfacing the
computer to the real world using Lab View in general technology and engineering students. "Lab View for
Electric Circuits, machines, Drives, and Laboratories" by Ertugrul (2002) includes excellent information on
hardware and software applications in the aren of energy and power technology students.

[12] Most of the Lab View Virtual Instruments called as Virtual Instrument (VI)
Block diagrams and front panel information covered in Ertugrul's book are also available free for academia
through the National Instruments. Many articles have appeared on the applications of Lab View™ in a variety
of industrial setups. The Worldwide Conference on Measurement and Auto mation lists all the Lab View papers
for researchers covering automation, control, and instrumentation as NIWeeks (1998).

9
[13] A few studies included data acquisition and monitoring of environmental data management systems.
Sun, et al. (2002) reported a study on environmental data management system also covering wind speed and
direction. Kostic (1997) has described a data acquisition and control using Lab View for an innovative thermal
conductivity apparatus.

[14] Hennessey, et al. (2001) have developed a Lab View™ and Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID)
Based automatic control system to monitor pressure measurement and converting it to a wind tunnel speed and
making appropriate updates to the wind tunnel speed via a general purpose interface bus (GPIB) card. Kiritsis,
et al. (2003) developed a multi-purpose vibration experiment using Lab View. Higa, et al. (2002) published
introductory Lab View™ laboratory projects for undergraduate students in circuits and electronics classes.

[15] Arthur and Sexton (2002) developed steam power plant,

Cooling tower experiments and their corresponding computer aided instrumentation using Lab Views The
graphical simulation of actual systems in real-time provided an excellent opportunity to student learning. Sun,
Turner, Parten, and Maxwell (2002) developed virtual instrumentation of a fuel-cell electrical vehicle which
included monitoring of pressure, Hydrogen, Oxygen, water, conductivity, battery voltage levels, humidity,
temperature levels for fuel-cell, water tank, and air stack.

10
 CHAPTER 3

MOTIVATION

With the world oil crisis, dangers of overdependence on oil pushed for the development of alternative energy
sources. Current international trend in electricity generation is to utilize renewable energy resources. Solar,
wind, biomass, micro hydro systems can be seen as suitable alternatives to conventional power

Add sources like, Horizontal axis wind turbines to maximize electrical output.

Also add the solar system to produce electricity.

Fabricate the model of the same which would able to show the characteristics of systems and working according
to need.

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 CHAPTER 4

PART DISCRIPTION

4.1 PART DISCRIPTION

 Solar panel
 Wind Turbine
 DC Generator
 Gear
 Inverter Module
 Battery
 Frame (mild steel)
 Others

4.2 GENERAL LAYOUT

Fig. 1: General layout.

4.3 EXTISITING SYSTEM

Renewable energy is rapidly gaining importance as an energy resource as fossil fuel prices fluctuate.
At the educational level, it is therefore critical for engineering and technology students to have an understanding
and appreciation of the technologies associated with renewable energy.
One of the most popular renewable energy sources is solar-wind energy. Many researches were conducted to
develop some methods to increase the efficiency of Photo Voltaic systems and wind turbine system. One such
hybrid method is to employ to supply need for electricity.

12
 CHAPTER 5

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Hybrid systems are basically an integration of solar panels and wind turbine, the output of this combination is
used to charge batteries, this stored energy can then be transmitted to local power stations.
In this system wind turbine can be used to produce electricity when wind is available and solar energy panels
are used when solar radiations are available. Power can be generated by both the sections at the same time also.
The usage of batteries is to provide uninterrupted power supply. This system requires high initial investment.
But the reliability, long-life span and less maintenance make up for that disadvantage. The power output of the
wind turbine is DC which is converted to AC with the help of a inverter.Now the required amount of electricity
can be produced depending on the environmental conditions, by using two systems at the same time or by using
only one, according to the conditions pertaining at that point of time.

Fig.2 - Existing system

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 CHAPTER 5

OBJECTIVES

 To design wind power system to generate electricity air flow

 To design the solar system which can absorb maximum amount of sunlight.

 To minimize the cost of installation and operation providing higher reliability.

 Combine all this system to make hybrid power generation, which will help to provide maximise energy

to any industry or place.

14
 CHAPTER 6

METHODOLOGY

 Overall power generated by system is the summation of the power generated by the solar PV panel and
power generated by the wind turbine. Mathematically, it can be represented as,
PT = NW * Pw +Ns * PS
Where,
Total power generated= PT
Power generated by wind turbines= PW
Power generated by solar panels= PS
No. of wind turbine = NW
No of solar panels used= NS

A. Calculations for wind energy:

The power generated by wind energy is given by,
Power = (density of air * swept area * velocity cubed)/2
PW = ½. ρ (AW) (V) 3
Where,
P is power in watts (W)
ρ is the air density in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³) AW is the swept area by air in square meters
(m²) V is the wind speed in meters per second (m/s).

B. Calculations for solar energy :

To determine the size of PV modules, the required energy consumption must be estimated. Therefore,
the power is calculated as
PS = Ins (t) * AS*Eff(pv)
Where,
Ins (t) = isolation at time t (kw/ m2)
AS = area of single PV panel (m2)
Effpv = overall efficiency of the PV panels and dc/dc converters.
Overall efficiency is given by,
Eff(pv)= H * PR
Where,
H = Annual average solar radiation on tilted panels.
PR = Performance ratio, coefficient for losses.

C. Cost
CT = (NW * CWT) + (NS * CSP) + (NB * CB)
Where,
CT is the total cost in Rs
CWT is the cost of single wind turbine
CSP is the cost of single solar panel in Rs
CB is the Cost of single Battery in Rs
NW is the number of wind turbine used
NS is the number of solar panels used
NB is the number of Batteries used in Battery Bank.

15
 CHAPTER 7

PLAN OF RESEARCH

TABLE NO. 01

16
 CHAPTER 8

COST ESTIMATION

Sr. no. Components Quantity Cost

1 Solar Panel 25w 1 4200

2 Battery 12v 7 Ah 1 2500

3 DC generator 12v 1 1850

4 DC to DC boost Converter 1 2500

5 Frame 1 3500

6 LED lights Panel 2 1200

7 Inverter Module 1 1500

8 Controller Solar / Wind 2 2000

9 Others - 3400

10 Total cost - = 22650

TABLE NO. 02

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 CHAPTER 8

CONCLUSIONS

All the people in this world should be motivated to use non-conventional resources to produce electricity in order to make
them self-reliable to some extent. Long life span, less maintenance is some of its plus point. It just requires some high
initial investment.

As we come to know that the hybrid system has a more per unit production cost but uses the available resources in
a efficient way. This Hybrid system is also able to recover from any accidental or undesired situation. Also hybrid system
is able to fulfill the energy of remote and rural areas. So it is clear that Hybrid system is the better choice.

18
 REFERENCES

Papers/journals/articles

[1] Himanshu Tyagi et al; Predicted Efficiency of a Low-Temperature Nanofluid- Based Direct Absorption Solar
Collector, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Copyright © 2009 by ASME November 2009, Vol. 131 / 041004-1

[2] Todd P. Otanicar,et al; Nanofluid-Based Direct Absorption Solar Collector, Journal of Renewable and Sustainable
Energy 2, May 2010.

[3] Todd P. Otanicar et al; Band-gap tuned direct absorption for a hybrid concentrating solar photovoltaic/thermal system,
Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Copyright VC 2011 by ASME NOVEMBER 2011, Vol. 133 / 041014-1

[4] Robert A Taylor et al; Nanofluid-based optical filter optimization for PV/T systems, Light: Science & Applications
(2012) 1,34

[5] Bong Jae Lee et al; Radiative Heat Transfer Analysis in P lasmonic Nanofluids for Direct Solar Thermal Absorption,
Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Copyright VC 2012 by ASME MAY 2012, Vol. 134 / 021009-1

[6] R. Senthil Kumar et al; Experimental Analysis of Nano fluid-Charged Solar Water Heater by Solar Tracking System,
Scholars Research Library Archives of Applied Science Research, 2012, 4 (6):2582-2590

[7] Gupta H.K et al;, An overview of Nanofluids: A new media towards green environment, international journal of
environmental sciences Volume 3, No 1, 2012

[8] Robert Taylor et al; Critical review of the novel applications and uses of nanofluids, Proceedings of the ASME 2012
3rd Micro/Nanoscale Heat & Mass Transfer International Conference, March 3-6, 2012, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

[9] Wei Yu et al; A Review on Nanofluids: Preparation, StabilityMechanisms, and Applications, Journal of Nanomaterials
Volume 2012, Article ID 435873, 17.

[10] Arun Kumar Tiwari et al; solar water heating using nanofluids - a comprehensive overview and environmental
impact analysis, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Volume 3, Special Issue 3:
ICERTSD 2013, Feb 2013, pages 221-224

[11] Ahmed NA: Miyake M. A Sandale Hybrid Gemmation Systems Canhming Solar Photovoltaic und Wind Turbine
with Semple Maxa Power Point Tracking Control, Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2008 IPEMCI
CESIEEE International Volume: 1
DOI: 10.1109/ IPEMC 2006, 4777984, 2006, 1-7

[12] MaoMeigin: Su Hardui; Liuchen Chung: Zhuang Guoming, Zhou Yushu, Canter for 1 KW -5 kW wind-mlar hybrid
gemmation syneme,
Elamual and Computer Scienes Engineering, 2008. Canadian Conferme on, 2006; DOL 10CCEC 2008 4564723, 2008,
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[13] Ambia, M.Nilam. M.K. Shoeb, MA: Marul M.NL: Molsin, ASM. An analysis and design απόλυτο geneticion of a
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19
[14] Guang Yang: Ming Zhou; Bing Lin; Wang yang Du, Optimal scheduling the wind-solar-storage hyheid genurution
system considering windelar
UK Mehta. "Principle of Electronics", S. Chand & Company Lad New Delhi, (2004)

[15] Technical hoef on Wand Bertrioty Getamsion: Reneved than www.windpowering (2009)
PIELP FO & Akinghade, M. Ocholi Wint Resarces Variations over selected ses in the West Athos region. Nigerian 1.
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(“Prof. Dr. Yogesh Mahulkar”) (“Name of the Projectee”)

Guide

1) Sagar Chaudhary
2) Vishnukumar Thakre
3) Lokeshchandra Basene
4) Litesh Pardhi
5) Savan Badole

20