STRUCTURAL LOAD ANALYSIS
DEAD LOADS
Structural Elements Load
Roof
Slabs
Stone concrete, 150mm
(0.023𝑚𝑚)(150𝑚𝑚) ---------------- 3.54 kPa
Acoustical fiber board ---------------- 0.05 kPa
Beam
300mm x 500mm, reinforced stone concrete
(0.3𝑚)(0.5𝑚)(24𝑘𝑁/𝑚3) ---------------- 3.6 kN/m
Parapet
150mm CHB, fully grouted using 19.6 kN/m3 density of
unit, plastered both side, 500mm high
[2.82 + 2(0.24𝑘𝑃𝑎)][0.5𝑚] ---------------- 1.65 kN/m
Columns
300mm x 300mm, reinforced concrete columns, 500mm
high
(0.3𝑚)(0.3𝑚)(0.5𝑚)(24𝑘𝑁/𝑚3 ) ---------------- 1.08 kN
Third
Slabs
Stone concrete, 150mm
(0.023𝑚𝑚)(150𝑚𝑚) ---------------- 3.54 kPa
Acoustical fiber board ---------------- 0.05 kPa
Marble and mortar on stone-concrete fill ---------------- 1.58 kPa
Beam
300mm x 500mm, reinforced stone concrete
(0.3𝑚)(0.5𝑚)(24𝑘𝑁/𝑚3) ---------------- 3.6 kN/m
Walls and Partition
Windows, glass, frame and sash ---------------- 0.38 kPa
Columns
300mm x 300mm, reinforced concrete columns, 4m high
(0.3𝑚)(0.3𝑚)(4𝑚)(24𝑘𝑁/𝑚3 ) ---------------- 8.64 kN
Second
Slabs
Stone concrete, 150mm
(0.023𝑚𝑚)(150𝑚𝑚) ---------------- 3.54 kPa
Acoustical fiber board ---------------- 0.05 kPa
Marble and mortar on stone-concrete fill ---------------- 1.58 kPa
Beam
300mm x 500mm, reinforced stone concrete
(0.3𝑚)(0.5𝑚)(24𝑘𝑁/𝑚3) ---------------- 3.6 kN/m
Walls and Partition
Windows, glass, frame and sash ---------------- 0.38 kPa
150mm CHB, fully grouted using 19.6 kN/m3 density of
unit, plastered both side, 4m high
[2.82 + 2(0.24𝑘𝑃𝑎)][4𝑚] ---------------- 13.2 kN/m
Columns
300mm x 300mm, reinforced concrete columns, 4m high
(0.3𝑚)(0.3𝑚)(4𝑚)(24𝑘𝑁/𝑚3 ) ---------------- 8.64 kN
Computation of Dead Loads
TRANSVERSE LONGITUDINAL
Roof Roof
(3.54+0.05)(20.25) (3.54+0.05)(47.25)
𝑊𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = = 8.08 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = = 11.31 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
9 15
𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 3.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 3.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑝𝑒𝑡 = 1.65 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑝𝑒𝑡 = 1.65 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 8.08 + 3.6 + 1.65 = 13.33 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 11.31 + 3.6 + 1.65 = 16.56 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑊 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 = 1.08 𝑘𝑁 𝑊 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 = 1.08 𝑘𝑁
3rd Floor 3rd Floor
(3.54+0.05+1.58+0.38)(2)(2.25) (3.54+0.05+1.58+0.38)(2)(5.25)
𝑊𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = = 8.33 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = = 11.66 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
3 5
𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 3.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 3.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 8.33 + 3.6 = 11.93 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 11.66 + 3.6 = 15.26 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑊 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 = 8.64 𝑘𝑁 𝑊 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 = 8.64 𝑘𝑁
2nd Floor 2nd Floor
(3.54+0.05+1.58+0.38)(2)(2.25) (3.54+0.05+1.58+0.38)(2)(5.25)
𝑊𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = = 8.33 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = = 11.66 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
3 5
𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 3.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 3.6 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 13.2 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 13.2 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 8.33 + 3.6 + 13.2 = 25.13 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 𝑊𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 11.66 + 3.6 + 13.2 = 28.46 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
𝑊 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 = 8.64 𝑘𝑁 𝑊 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 = 8.64 𝑘𝑁
Computation of Shear & Moments
Formulas
𝑤𝐿
𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 = + 𝑅1 + 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛
2
𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 𝑤𝐿 + 𝑅2 + 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛
1
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (𝑤)(𝐿)2
12
1
𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = (𝑤)(𝐿)2
24
Transverse Longitudinal
Roof Roof
(13.33)(3) (16.56)(5)
𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 = + 1.08 = 21.08 𝑘𝑁 𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 = + 1.08 = 42.48 𝑘𝑁
2 2
𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (13.33)(3) + 1.08 = 41.07 𝑘𝑁 𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (16.56)(5) + 1.08 = 83.88 𝑘𝑁
1 1
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (13.33)(3)2 = 9.998 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (16.56)(5)2 = 34.5 𝑘𝑁𝑚
12 12
1 1
𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = (13.33)(3)2 = 4.999 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = (16.56)(5)2 = 17.25 𝑘𝑁𝑚
24 24
3rd Floor 3rd Floor
(11.93)(3) (15.26)(5)
𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 = + 21.08 + 8.64 = 47.62 𝑘𝑁 𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 = + 42.48 + 8.64 = 89.27 𝑘𝑁
2 2
𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (11.93)(3) + 41.07 + 8.64 = 85.5 𝑘𝑁 𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (15.26)(5) + 83.88 + 8.64 = 168.82 𝑘𝑁
1 1
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (11.93)(3)2 = 8.95 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (15.26)(5)2 = 31.79 𝑘𝑁𝑚
12 12
1 1
𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = (11.93)(3)2 = 4.474 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = (15.26)(5)2 = 15.90 𝑘𝑁𝑚
24 24
2nd Floor 2nd Floor
(25.13)(3) (28.46)(5)
𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 = + 47.62 + 8.64 = 93.96 𝑘𝑁 𝑅𝑒𝑥𝑡 = + 89.27 + 8.64 = 169.06 𝑘𝑁
2 2
𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (25.13)(3) + 85.5 + 8.64 = 163.53 𝑘𝑁 𝑅𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (28.46)(5) + 168.82 + 8.64 = 319.76 𝑘𝑁
1 1
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (25.13)(3)2 = 18.85 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (28.46)(5)2 = 59.29 𝑘𝑁𝑚
12 12
1 1
𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = (25.13)(3)2 = 9.42 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = (28.46)(5)2 = 29.65 𝑘𝑁𝑚
24 24
SUMMARY:
Transverse
LEVEL Beam Moment (kNm) Beam Shear (kN) Axial Load (kN)
At support At Exterior Interior Exterior Interior
midspan
Roof 9.998 4.999 21.08 41.07 21.08 41.07
3rd 8.95 4.47 47.62 85.5 47.62 85.5
2nd 18.85 9.42 93.96 163.53 93.96 163.53
Longitudinal
LEVEL Beam Moment (kNm) Beam Shear (kN) Axial Load (kN)
At support At Exterior Interior Exterior Interior
midspan
Roof 34.5 17.25 42.48 83.88 42.48 83.88
3rd 31.79 15.90 31.79 15.9 31.79 15.9
2nd 59.29 29.65 59.29 29.65 59.29 29.65
LIVE LOADS
Step 1:
𝐿
> 2, ∴ 𝑂𝑛𝑒 − 𝑊𝑎𝑦 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚
𝑆
𝐿
≤ 2, ∴ 𝑇𝑤𝑜 − 𝑊𝑎𝑦 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚
𝑆
𝐿 5
= = 1.67 ≤ 2, ∴ 𝑇𝑤𝑜 − 𝑊𝑎𝑦 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚
𝑆 3
Step 2:
Consider one largest load. In this case, it is 4.8(2) = 9.6 kPa.
Step 3:
𝑎+𝑏
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑝𝑒𝑧𝑜𝑖𝑑 = (ℎ)
2
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = (𝑏)(ℎ)
2
Area Minumum Design Live Load Concentrated Loads on
Beams
2 𝑚+5 𝑚 9.6 𝑘𝑃𝑎 50.4 𝑘𝑁
(1.5 𝑚) = 5.25 𝑚2
2
1 9.6 𝑘𝑃𝑎 21.6 𝑘𝑁
(1.5)(3) = 2.25 𝑚2
2
Step 4:
21.6 𝑘𝑁
Largest Effective Live Load for Beam 1: = 7.2(2) 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 = 14.4 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
3𝑚
50.4 𝑘𝑁
Largest Effective Live Load for Beam 2: = 10.08(2) 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 = 20.16 𝑘𝑁/𝑚
5𝑚
Step 5:
Computation of Beam Moment
TRANSVERSE LONGITUDINAL
In all floors In all floors
1 1
𝑀 = 𝑤𝐿2 𝑀 = 𝑤𝐿2
12 12
1 1
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (14.4)(3)2 = 10.8 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (20.16)(5)2 = 42 𝑘𝑁𝑚
12 12
𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = 0.5(𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 ) 𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = 0.5(𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 )
𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = 0.5(10.8) = 5.4 𝑘𝑁𝑚 𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑑 = 0.5(42) = 21 𝑘𝑁𝑚
Computation of Beam Shear & Axial Loads
TRANSVERSE SECTION
3rd Floor 2nd Floor Ground Floor
Exterior Exterior Exterior
14.4 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 (3 𝑚)
= 21.6 𝑘𝑁 21.6(2) = 43.2 𝑘𝑁 43.2 + 21.6 = 64.8 𝑘𝑁
2
Interior Interior Interior
21.6(2) = 43.2 𝑘𝑁 43.2(2) = 86.4 𝑘𝑁 86.4 + 43.2 = 129.6 𝑘𝑁
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
3rd Floor 2nd Floor Ground Floor
Exterior Exterior Exterior
20.16 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 (5 𝑚)
= 50.4 𝑘𝑁 50.4(2) = 100.8 𝑘𝑁 100.8 + 50.4 = 151.2 𝑘𝑁
2
Interior Interior Interior
50.4(2) = 100.8 𝑘𝑁 100.8(2) = 201.6 𝑘𝑁 100.8 + 201.6 = 302.4 𝑘𝑁
Summary:
Transverse Section
Level Beam Moment (kNm) Beam Shear (kN) Axial Load (kN)
At supports At midspan Exterior Interior Exterior Interior
3rd 10.8 5.4 21.6 43.2 21.6 43.2
2nd 10.8 5.4 43.2 86.4 43.2 86.4
Ground 10.8 5.4 64.8 129.6 64.8 129.6
Longitudinal Section
Level Beam Moment (kNm) Beam Shear (kN) Axial Load (kN)
At supports At midspan Exterior Interior Exterior Interior
3rd 42 21 50.4 100.8 50.4 100.8
2nd 42 21 100.8 201.6 100.8 201.6
Ground 42 21 151.2 302.4 151.2 302.4
