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Definitiens
Coulombs law
The foc ce of attractiaorepuLsion betueen
twa point chargs is diccty propertisnal io
the magnibude of the produet of chahqes and
inseely praparbional te the squase af the
distance beteen them
F= k 2 Unit : N
2. Gauss heotm electriz
Jt states that the tetal aneir fluus
through dosed Susface is VEa times the
tetal charge endosed
endosed by it
Urit :
3. Electro static shielding:
The phenamena of making a reqion fee
rom. any electric tield t is baLsed sn the
fact that Ef anishes inside the caity
helew cendutor
4. FLectrie field i
The foree expeniencep by a unit positie
uthet di tunbing the
charge Unit:N/c
charae
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Elecbric dipee monent:
lt u the
ef product of the magnitude
chages and the separaten
P
betueen then
Unitcim
6 Ele ctric petential
The workdone
test harge frem maving a unt t e
to a paìnl inside
the E.F f Sce charge
V
Retenhal difehen cei
Work dene in meinq a n i t tve charge
paint toanste
V= W unit iI
capacitoane
It defined ad the ability to stare chage.
Unit f (faad)
V
Dielectrics : ins ulatng
They ahe mateiial which when placed in
eletric field,- shew Same electic
prspesties The aeof 2 types i dees not
(ente of mas ofthchages ceinide
with centre mas&A
f charges coincide
Nen- polar i Cente
uith entre of mas of -e charges
E.g co
Udte
Paqe
Ohm s lawi
lt states that at cons taun temperatue
the curentpassin4throuqh o andutar
isdire cty propertianal to the voltage
acrass the cndctor
V=IR
Kirchetes lawsi
In ele trie ciruit the alqaebraie
Sum usret at any junctian id
lBased law of conservation ef chare
L:Areund any dosed Loop the alqebaic
KVL:
ofchanges io petenial mst be
roBased on law of censervatien of enequ
12 Cussent Dens ity
t is the amaunt of harge fouing
per sec throuh wnit area held hermal
to thedireetion
I
Vnit A m2
13.
Mebility
The axeraqe veloity
velocits with whiche n sn
dits hreugh a speified reqisn wnder the
nfuenceef aeleetrie feld
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Drift velocity
It s the aerage
veloiits of the free electronn
condctorn pposite direction of
electre field
15 Relazaisn time i
The aerage tine betueen 2 Succesire
calisiBn.
E.M.F or eletrametive foree i
Electrie potential produed de ta
electie freld chanqing
17.
Terminal Voltage i
lt is the patential diferene betueen the
Ve te teminals thebatteny
Internal resistance taqe drp
appositlen to Acw of uent offeed bs
els battere themielves
Bist - Saarts law:
states that maqnetic feld ue to
auhent - casyinq canductar at a distant
Paint d directly prs-p&rtional to the cwient
flaing
wheheas. it
length of tihe conducten
wnweselyprepatienal to the
Sauare e tae disbance betuecn themn,
I l sne
4 TT r
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20. Ampeae': ciceuibal aw
states that the line interal of the
magnetic field ahend any cdased
o tinnes the cussent louing
Loap
thaaugh
21,
An eletomaqnet uhere a wie
wtapped ahund to qeneae
maqneic ield
2.2.
is the fore that. case an
to mmee aout an axis
force X perpendieularidistane
Whit Nm
23 Tersien
Aneun tae needed to reta te n
end ef bs lrad ahot Lts axil
24. cwrhent sensitivity
The deflection induLed in the coil af the
qalvaneaeterpes wnit
25. Neltage sensiivity:
The deflectisn caused in o qalanemeter
when anit patential difesence ii applied
it
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26. Gass Lawn magnetism:
Itstates that he magnelic Hus across
any cosed suuace i
Reasen Isotated menopelel do not eist
1.uies law:
21.
It states that the magqnetisation in
pasamaqnetic mnaieial u direety prapsrtional
to the appied magnete field i innese
proportisnal to its tempehalwe
ies constant
26. Magneti susLep bibility
He lt telu s haw maqnetie mateial
a
reápond to an externaly app lied M.E
whether will get attracted Lrep elled,
M.
H
Magnetic permeability
Jt determùnes the ability an, magneti fteld
magnetised wthen kept in
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Fanadau's laws
st Lauw: Wheneer magnetie f s inked
ith the Loil changes, an induced
produLed which laAts
emf i
ine chonge in maqnetic fux u
takin place
2nd Lawi Maanitude of thethe indu ced enf
is directy prspertienal to the babe
-N dd
dt
3). Lens's
lt states th
hat the diretien ef the
indeced emi is Such that it epposei.
the case that hai pro dieed it
32 Self- Induction:
is thhe phenomena
induced emi in a col when chanqing
aurent passes threuqh t
33. Mutual Indutioni
s thne phenemena. af productso o
induced emf when chanqng
aent pass es hceuah. another coil
M
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35. AC
ALterna tinq went thhe wnet n which
maqnitude changes entinueusly & its
u
directin horrlessese peaia dically
36. RMS went Votage i
Jt is the Vae of diect ausent which.
produees the
Same heatin efect
quen resis bor a u w pradeed by a qien
Lalternating cunnent when pas ed fer the
Same tine
31. Phaser
A
sealed ine uhse length etermines an
Ac
auaniby that ha beth manitude and
directin
38Tnductie eactdncei
The appasitien effered by an nductar
Ac ciruit. (x,) 3 wL
S1Capacitie reactalce
The eppositieh sfered bya capaciter
t the tetad sppasition hata cirauit compsnent
afe to the fous of A.c
+ R
Date
Poge
Resnnance
phenamena by whih the Fre.
ef a system matchu
f oscillations
Systems
natural frequency of vibratin.
When
Q- facter!
therotio t resonant reaeacy
to the difeARnce n freaenies takinq
in beth sides of the resonireaeny
Such aat th peak wsent id
Q- Facter
43. Choke caili
A wend nd coil qenerally wed for smoothin
ftering the outpuks fram A C cirtuts
Wattle uhhenti
When inducta capacitar is sinady
conneted to Ac cicuit the poue
censmptien Zero thewentis
knsum wattlessi auha.ent
45. Displacenent wnenli
The cate of change f eletric field
called displacemeni
displacement chÀent.
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critical angle
The anale f nidene in the denses
medium for whieh the agle of refcaction
n he
medium uq040
rarermediwm
41. Total internal refectioni
The phenomena
at
by uhich Lray of ight
travelling
tlae
aan anqle af inidene marc han
angle ft from denser to r a r e r s
tetally lected back into the denser medium
48.
Anqwar dipesioni
isthe angdar sepa°atisn betueen the
2 etreme violeta red
49 Dispese pueri
Ability of a pridm to case
5D
50.
Huygen's pciniple
0 Each paunl n Wavefront is the SOurce
o a secanday wauefrant /warelet.
2 The secondasy wavelete spread Cn all
directien with the Speed light
A new
waersi is qiven hy the fer ward
nvelape of waselets
Wavefrenti
The La us ef all Peintsof the pahtiele
medium ne phase.
ibrating in the same.
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52. SuperposLtien waesi
The rsulant displaLement ef waves
a medium u theector Sum
ndiidual dsplacemenls
displacenmenis produced bu
each f tthe. Wanes
53
Enfete nterfesencei
The phenemena bu uhich
wares ef samne freauen c B canstant phae
diffenence. trareling in the Same dicectim
superimpose each ether
S4.
The phenemena hendin of liqht aund
the cmerS f a snmallohstacle /apenturE
and ite
ite spreading qeanetrical shadou
55.
Phetoeletrie efect.e
The emasian from metal swfal
then adiatien
t.
a high freaency is
56. Werk untieni
Min Energyeaied byane to
from the metal Sunface escape
Tanesheld freaueacy
Min. frcquenuy &f rddidtin belsu which
phetoelectric emisLSn dees net take plae
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58. Dutanee of losest approach i
Min distance betueen he centes f 2
ebjects uhen hey. se eetennally tanqental.
59. Tmpact pasameter :
The pependicular distane þehueen the
te
path ofa projectile theentre
petentia keld reated by an obËect that
is appn aching
Binding enerqyi
It the Swplus enerqy which the nucleons
irtue of thir attrachiens
when they become baund tagether to fom
a nueles
Nuclear fere
t s the strenq attractie force acting
beteen the nuceen This fore binds toqether
When hearter Ducleus splite nto the
Lghier n l e (B.ELnuelesnA decrease)
When ighter nuclei. Lembine to fom
a heaier niele (ef nulen increasei)
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Intrtnsic soinduetors
SemiConducter withet dping t us
chenicaly pure free from any impunstie
Etrinie semicenductorsi
Semiconduetos that re doped with
speciie impusitiee to make them mot
Suitable fer eleetranic denices
p- type
Deged witl trialent impuitieu majeity
cariers holes.
61. type .
Doped with pentavalent impunitiea, mnajsiy
Caries electros
P-n junetisn diodei
When a p-yPe Semicanduter iss Suitaby
isined to n- type emicenducter, the
a
acranqement iu caled p-n junction dide
o
Banier petential
The patential difesence ereated across the
p-n yntion diode due due to difpsin of
oDepletion
The
reqlani iade saea
rqisn in Pn junctien actst
metile chaqe canhiers ane present H
a barrier to preent flo of eren
to p- side k holes from prside to side.
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70. forwasd bial:
When connected to the tVe
tenminal n- type s conneted to the
teuminal of Hhe battery
Revese bias
Whenp - type u conneted ta the
teminal n type connected to the
teminal ef the battery
73
Rectiher
Half wAe i Transferms Ac veltage to DC veltage
k allows eny one - half yde of Ac veltage
wae to pass while blockinq the other
half cycle. (ReauirA single diade
Full waei Tranifam camplete ycde f Ac
veliage waeform to Dc vatage, (Reaired
multiple diodes)
