PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

QUARTER 4 MODULE 1
Relationships in Middle and Late Adolescence and Family Structures and Legacies

Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
a. discuss an understanding of teen-age relationships, including the acceptable and unacceptable expressions of
attractions (EsP-PD11/12PR-IIa-9.1/Week 1)
b. express his/her ways of showing attraction, love, and commitment (EsPPD11/12PR-IIa-9.2/Week 1)
c. identify ways to become responsible in a relationship. (EsP-PD11/12PR-IIb-9.3/ Week 1)
d. distinguish the various roles of different individuals in society and how they can influence people through their
leadership or followership. (EsP-PD11/12SRIIb10.1/ Week 1)
e. appraise one’s family structure and the type of care he/she gives and receives, which may help
in understanding himself/herself better. (EsP-PD11/12FSLIId11.1/ Week 1)
f. make a genogram and trace certain physical, personality, or behavioral attributes through generations. (EsP-
PD11/12FSL-IId-e11.2/ Week 1)

Introduction
A virtuous relationship does not happen in a snap click of your finger. No one knows what
really goes on in a person’s relationship. The Middle and Late Adolescence is the period where a
person tends to get along with others. It is always a human nature to establish his/her own
relationships. Relationships are dynamic. They are constantly evolving. To completely appreciate
and benefit from them, you need to have essential skills, information, inspiration, practice, and
social support.
Our first relationship evolves in our family. As Filipinos, we are best known to be family-
oriented. Likewise, these characteristics of Filipinos make us unique from other countries.
Filipinos value their family so much that even traditional value, traits, and beliefs have been
passed through generation.

Human beings tend to connect with other individuals who are close to them. They may widen
such relationship by opening themselves to a wider group of people such as their classmates,
teachers, neighbors, and even the acquaintances that they have. It is normal to do so, as it is part
of growing.
Can you identify some of your acquaintances? We met
many people and connect with them, and along the way we
establish relationships that last. Relationship is everywhere.
Ever since humans have been categorized as social beings,
they tend to socialize and establish human relations. Human
beings get along with other people. But before they widen their
network, there is the very first relationship that human beings
had established and that is their relationship within their
family.

What can you say about your own relationship? Relationship refers to the connections that an
individual had to the people around them which are bounded with common interests and later on
established bonds among them. Personal relationship involves a unique, intimate, and private
relationship (Santos, 2016). The other relationship is called social relationship that has a wider
scope of connections that an individual has and interacts where emotional interactions and bonds
are present; it may involve a group of people, an organization, affiliation, and other networks that
an individual is connected and interacts physically and socially (Santos, 2016).
Wong-Fernandez, et. al. (2016) of the personal development teacher’s guide, (p 85 – 86),
published by the Department of Education mention the basic definitions of these words:
  Personal relationship refers to the association, connection, interaction and bond between
two or more people. There are several different forms of relationships.
 Relationship is the state of being connected between people, especially an emotional bond.
 Love is a strong affection for another arising out of kinship or personalities - attraction
based on sexual desire.
 Commitment is the act of binding yourself intellectually or emotionally to a course of action - a
message that makes a pledge.
 Responsibility is a social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force.
Kinds of Relationships

Family Relationships
Family or relatives are persons we are
linked to through some type of kinship,
whether it's through blood affiliation, affinity-
marriage, romantic relationships or adoption.

Friendship
Friends are individuals whom we are not
related to but choose to interact with. Friends
are persons we give trust, respect, and care
about. We can also confide in and want to
spend time with.

Partner/significant others
A romantic relationship is unique in
which you are feeling very strongly attracted
in the opposite person, both to their
personality and, often, also physically. This
can be reciprocated and shared by the other
person within the relationship.
It is important to understand that it is a
must to create a good and healthy
relationship. Responsibility in a relationship
shows that you acknowledged and owned
your actions and thoughts. By doing so, you
encourage a healthy relationship regardless
of the level of intimacy.

Some essential responsibilities to have a healthy and well-nourished relationship:

1. Be responsible to your thoughts, words, and deeds. Being in a
relationship, what you think, say, and do is very important to
the other person involved. Understanding how other people
think and being sensitive to what others may feel.
 2. Respect one another. Entering into a relationship requires understanding from
where the other person is coming from. Showing respect on their point of view and
accepting your differences are a requirement for being responsible. Respect does not
only limit on emotional, physical, and sexual limits, but it also involves all aspects of
relationships.

3. Ensure that the relationship is mutually beneficial. A healthy relationship

requires positive growth and always about give and take. Santos mentioned on his book
Personal
Development (2016) the mutually beneficial relationship involves fairness and equality.

4. Communicate Openly. It is beneficial to a relationship that you know when to speak

and when to listen. Being responsible to a relationship allows each party to speak
honestly about their feelings and listen in return.

5. Be ready to support one another. Providing support to one another is a

requirement in a responsible relationship. Being ready when you are needed and be
supportive of one another expresses how committed you are in your relationship.
(Santos,
2016)

Middle and late adolescence is the period where an individual starts to enter into relationships
that tends to be connected with friends and others. Building social relationship may be affected by
different influences.
Based on the article from Rider University, social scientists and psychologist identified three
types of social influences as:
1. Conformity is a type of social influence that transpires when individuals changes their
actions, behaviors, or beliefs for the advantage of accepting in a group, to astound and to have
a sense of belonging.
2. Compliance refers to any situation during which individuals change their behavior because
they are requested. However, this is an exceptional social situation since the action may
perform voluntary but the individuals choose to do the request of the group, while still
dissenting with them.
3. Obedience is somewhat similar to compliance but with one major difference. Obedience
occurs when the individual responds not to a request from a peer but to an order from
authority figure.

Various Roles of Different Individuals in The Society

• Individual Roles in the Society

The social contract theory explained that the individual played a vital role in allowing
society to function (Staff Writer, 2020). This theory was expanded by Thomas Hobbes and John
Locke, in which the role of individual in the society involves individual’s obligation to submit to
authority. John Locke further added that that people had a duty to overthrow the state if power
is abused.

• Leadership and Followership

There are different influencers and among them is connected to a leader.
Chester Bernard (1983) as cited by Santos (2016) in his book Personal Development defined
leadership as the ability of a person in position of authority to influence others to behave in
such a manner that goals are achieved.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
LEADER FOLLOWER
• A good leader must be charismatic, • A good follower knows how to
have confidence, intelligence, and lessen.
social skills. • He/she is participative and
• Must know how to choose the best cooperative.
options among situational variables. • Have good judgment.
• Always open to additional learning • Must be knowledgeable of rules
and ideas. and regulations.
• Leaders make the followers feel that • Shows appreciation to the leader
they are part of decision-making and other follower.
process and that they play an • Must know how to respect other
important role in the group. people in terms of decisions and actions.
• Leaders motivates and inspires
people.
• Leaders are responsible to every
action or decision they made.

Filipino greatly valued their family. In terms of family orientation, we are one of those who
treasured family, the most admirable over this manner. We appreciate our family that despite of
our busy schedule, we make sure that we can attend to every celebration, reunion, gatherings,
and get together.

Defining what family is may differ from one another. Medina (2001) cited by Santos (2016)
defined family as “two or more persons who shares, resources, share responsibility for decisions,
share values and goals, and have a commitment to each other over time.” Moreover, based from
the previous subject taken during your lower year level, we defined family as the smallest and
basic universal institution that started from procreation made after marriage.

Family Structure
Ideally, our definition of a family involves a mother, a father, and children but observing
along your neighborhood you may discover that there are different types of family and specifically
if differs on the structure. You may also wonder why your family structure is different from your
classmates, friends and neighbor.

Four Essential Types of Family Structure

1. Nuclear or Traditional Family. This type of family consists of a mother, a father and
biological or adoptive sons or daughters. This family is the most ideal and admirable type of
family because it gives an avenue to raise children by giving love, time, and support.
2. Single Parent Family. The child is raised single handedly by a single parent for other
reason aside from death of the partner. In our Filipino context, single parent receives privileges
from the law and most of the time assisted by their parents and relatives.
3. Extended Family. Under this structure, there are two or more family that share in a
household. It includes not just the nuclear family but also the grandparents, cousins, aunts,
uncles, and foster children.
4. Childless Family. On this type of structure, married couples have never had children.
How we are raised by our family affects who we are. Our family give the care we need, they are
always there to guide us and helps us to reach our own goals.
No matter what type of family structure we have, it is still evident that Filipinos have a strong
family ties in which we wanted to connect with each other. Evidently, this pandemic tested us in a
manner of connecting to our family but despite the distance we can always find ways to connect.
Genogram
Genogram as defined on exploring yourmind.com is a tool that helps to quickly visualize the
way how family structure looks. This can help in identifying problems like common diseases in the
family. As to physical attributes, personality and behavioral attributes we can locate the how and
why you look, act and behave in a particular way which may also lead for a deeper understanding
of one’s self.

Guide in making genogram:

a) First, general outline of family structure which an individual need to determine the natural
and lawful connections on the members of the family.
b) After identifying the family structure and each connection, a recollection of basic
information about a person’s family will be the next thing to do. The needed information may
include demographic, general data and others.
The last stage involves the description of family relationships which is based on the connections
that has been outlined including psychological links aside from the natural and lawful connections.

Types of Genograms
There are common layers that we can observe in genograms, here are follows:
1. First layer shows the basic information that relates people in the family like for
example, marriage, divorce, children, etc.

2. Second layer consist of the information that has something to do with medical
conditions such as diabetes and other diseases.

3. Third layer has something to do with emotional connections, including relationships

like personal, intimate, casual. This may also show an abusive relationship that affects
mental, physical and others.

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