EEE-1101: ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
LECTURE-4
Sheikh Hasib Cheragee
Lecturer
Computer Science And Engineering
State University Of Bangladesh
Email:
[email protected] Course Contents
Direct Current: Voltage, Current, Resistance and Power; Voltage and Current
independent and dependent sources; Ohm’s law, Kirchhoff’s laws; Wheatstone
bridge, Series-Parallel resistance circuits and their equivalents. Networks Analysis:
Mesh and Node circuit analysis; Reduction of complicated networks;
Superposition theorem, Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem, Maximum power
transfer theorem. Capacitor and Inductor; First order R-C and R-L circuits
Alternating Current: Instantaneous and RMS values of current, voltage, power
and average power for various combination of R, L and C circuits,
Introduction to magnetic circuits, Introduction to Transformers
Reference Book
Charles K. Alexander, Fundamentals of Electric Circuits, 4th
Edition
Robert L. Boylestad, Introductory Circuit Analysis, 11th Edition
Russell M. Kerchner, Alternating-Current Circuits, 3rd Edition
Marks Distribution
Continuous Class 10%
Assessment Assessment &
Attendance
Quiz/Assignment 20%
Summative Midterm 30%
Assessment Final 40%
Total 100%
Independent Sources
Dependent Sources
Types of Dependent Sources
1. A voltage-controlled voltage source (VCVS)
2. A current-controlled voltage source (CCVS)
3. A voltage-controlled current source (VCCS)
4. A current-controlled current source (CCCS)
Types of Dependent Sources
Current Controlled Voltage Source Current Controlled Current
Source
Nodal Analysis with Dependent Source
Calculate the node voltages in the circuit.
Nodal Analysis with Dependent Source
Nodal Analysis with Dependent Source
Nodal Analysis with Dependent Source: Practice Problem
Calculate the node voltages in the circuit.
Supernode
Supernode: Practice problem
Supernode: Practice problem
What is a mesh?
• It is a loop that does not contain any inner loop.
• Applicable for planar networks.
• Mesh analysis or load analysis is useful for the circuit that
have many loops and nodes.
A planar circuit is one that
can be drawn in a plane with no branches crossing one another;
otherwise it is nonplanar.
Procedures
1. Identify meshes
2. Assign the mesh currents with the direction
3. KVL equation for each mesh
4. Solve the equations to find mesh currents
V1 = 10 V
R1 = 5Ω
R2 = 5Ω
R3 = 10Ω
Mesh analysis: Practice problem
Mesh Analysis with Dependent Source
Use mesh analysis to find the current Io in the circuit
Mesh Analysis with Dependent Source
Mesh Analysis with Dependent Source
Mesh Analysis with Dependent Source: Practice Problem
Use mesh analysis to find the current Io in the circuit
Super-Mesh
Super-Mesh: Practice problem
Super-Mesh: Practice problem
Superposition
If a circuit has two or more independent sources, one way to determine the value
of a specific variable (voltage or current) is to use nodal or mesh analysis.
Another way is to determine the contribution of each independent source to the
variable and then add them up. The latter approach is known as the
superposition.
Superposition
1. We consider one independent source at a time while all other independent
sources are turned off. This implies that we replace every voltage source by 0
V (or a short circuit), and every current source by 0 A (or an open circuit).
This way we obtain a simpler and more manageable circuit.
2. Dependent sources are left intact because they are controlled by circuit
variables.
I=0 Open Circuit
V=0 Short Circuit
Superposition
Superposition
Practice Problem
V0 = ?
Example Problem
Example Problem
Example Problem
Practice Problem
vx = ?
Source Transformation
Source transformation is not possible
when an ideal voltage source is used.
However, for a practical, non-ideal
voltage source, R ≠ 0 . Similarly, an
ideal current source with R = ∞ cannot
be replaced by a finite voltage source.
Source Transformation: Example-1
Use Source Transformation to find the Voltage Vo in the circuit
Source Transformation: Example-1
Source Transformation: Example-1
Source Transformation: Practice Problem-1
Use Source Transformation to find the Current Io in the circuit
Source Transformation: Example-2
Use Source Transformation to find the Voltage Vx in the circuit
Source Transformation: Example-2
Source Transformation: Example-2
Source Transformation: Practice Problem-2
Use Source Transformation to find the Current Ix in the circuit
Thank You
