This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: A608/A608M − 14 (Reapproved 2018)

Standard Specification for

Centrifugally Cast Iron-Chromium-Nickel High-Alloy Tubing
for Pressure Application at High Temperatures1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A608/A608M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-

1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel, high- terials
alloy tubes made by the centrifugal casting process intended E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of
for use under pressure at high temperatures. Metallic Materials
E94/E94M Guide for Radiographic Examination Using In-
1.2 The grades of high alloys detailed in Table 1 are dustrial Radiographic Film
intended for applications requiring strength and resistance to E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
corrosion and scaling at high temperatures. and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
1.3 Optional Supplementary Requirements S1 to S11 are E142 Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic Test-
provided; these call for additional tests to be made if desired. ing (Withdrawn 2000)3
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units E151 Recommended Practice for Tension Tests of Metallic
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each and Conventional or Rapid Strain Rates (Withdrawn
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining 1984)3
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for
with the standard. General Industry
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. E340 Practice for Macroetching Metals and Alloys
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 3. Ordering Information
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 3.1 Orders for material to this specification should include
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- the following, as required, to describe the desired material
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical adequately:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimeters, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast tubing),
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.3 Specification number and grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 thickness, see Section 8).
A342/A342M Test Methods for Permeability of Weakly 3.1.5 Condition (see Section 9, as-cast or as-cast with
Magnetic Materials machining on outside or inside surfaces, or machined; see 5.1
A488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifi- and Sections 8 and 9),
cations of Procedures and Personnel 3.1.6 Length (specific or random), (Permissible Variations
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for in Length Section of Specification A999/A999M),
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe 3.1.7 End finish (Ends Section of Specification A999/
A999M),
1
3.1.8 Optional requirements (see 8.2.3 regarding the manu-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
facturer’s wall thickness allowance for as-cast tubing and
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings. Supplementary Requirements S1 to S11),
Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originally 3.1.9 Test report required (see Section 13), and
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A608/A608M – 14. 3.1.10 Special requirements to be added to the specification.
DOI: 10.1520/A0608_A0608M-14R18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
53
1
Downloaded/printed by
 A608/A608M − 14 (2018)
TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
Grade Composition, % (Values are maximums unless otherwise indicated.)
(UNS
Number) Carbon Manganese Silicon Chromium Nickel Phosphorus Sulfur Molybdenum Niobium

HC30 0.25 – 0.35 0.5 – 1.0 0.50 – 2.00 26 – 30 4.0 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J92613)
HD50 0.45 – 0.55 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 26 – 30 4–7 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J93015)
HE35 0.30 – 0.40 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 26 – 30 8 – 11 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J93413)
HF30 0.25 – 0.35 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 19 – 23 9 – 12 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J92803)
HH30 0.25 – 0.35 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 24 – 28 11 – 14 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J93513)
HH33B 0.28 – 0.38 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 24 – 26 12 – 14 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J93633)
HI35 0.30 – 0.40 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 26 – 30 14 – 18 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J94013)
HK30 0.25 – 0.35 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 23 – 27 19 – 22 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J94203)
HK40 0.35 – 0.45 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 23 – 27 19 – 22 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(J94204)
HL30 0.25 – 0.35 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 28 – 32 18 – 22 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(N08613)
HL40 0.35 – 0.45 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 28 – 32 18 – 22 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(N08614)
HN40 0.35 – 0.45 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 19 – 23 23 – 27 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
HPNb 0.38 – 0.45 0.50 – 1.50 0.50 – 1.50 24 – 27 34 – 37 0.03 0.03 0.50 0.5 – 1.5
(N28701)
HPNbS 0.38 – 0.45 0.50 – 1.50 1.50 – 2.50 24 – 27 34 – 37 0.03 0.03 0.50 0.5 – 1.5
(N28702)
HT50 0.40 – 0.60 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 15 – 19 33 – 37 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(N08050)
HU50 0.40 – 0.60 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 17 – 21 37 – 41 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(N08005)
HW50 0.40 – 0.60 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 10 – 14 58 – 62 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(N08006)
HX50 0.40 – 0.60 1.50 0.50 – 2.00 15 – 19 64 – 68 0.04 0.04 0.50 ...
(N06050)
A
Where ellipses (...) appear in this table there is no requirement, and the element need not be analyzed or reported.
B
Manufacturing control should ensure that this composition contains a minimal amount of ferrite. See Supplementary Requirement S5.

4. General Requirements rupture properties, one of the supplementary requirements of

4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- this specification may be stipulated on the order to ascertain the
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of ability of the material to meet the design properties.)
Specification A999/A999M, unless otherwise provided herein.
8. Permissible Variation in Dimensions
5. Materials and Manufacture 8.1 Machined Tubing (Tubing Machined on Inside and
5.1 The tubing may be supplied in the as-cast condition or Outside):
as-cast with machining on the outside or inside surfaces, or 8.1.1 The tolerances given in Specification A999/A999M
machined, as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the shall govern, except that the wall thickness shall not vary over
purchaser. the specified minimum wall thickness by more than 10 % or
1⁄16 in. [1.6 mm], whichever is greater. There shall be no
5.2 Heat treatment of the tubing shall not be required under
this specification. variation under the specified minimum wall thickness.
8.2 As-Cast Tubing (No Machining or Machined on Inside
6. Chemical Requirements or Outside):
6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to 8.2.1 Outside Diameter (For Tubes Ordered to Outside
chemical composition as prescribed in Table 1. Diameter):
8.2.1.1 Tubes machined on the outside shall meet the
7. Tensile Properties requirements of Specification A999/A999M.
7.1 Tension tests at room temperature are not recommended 8.2.1.2 Tubes not machined on the outside shall meet the
as acceptance criteria under this specification since the alloys permissible variations of Table 2.
are intended for elevated temperature service, and room 8.2.2 Inside Diameter (For Tubes Ordered to Inside Diam-
temperature tests do not have a dependable relationship to eter):
elevated temperature properties. (Where the design of the 8.2.2.1 Tubes machined on the inside shall meet the require-
tubing is based on an assumption of certain minimum creep- ments of Specification A999/A999M.

53
2
Downloaded/printed by
 A608/A608M − 14 (2018)
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in As-Cast Outside Diameter TABLE 4 Excess Length Tolerances for Centrifugally Cast Tubes
Permissible Plus or Minus Permissible
Outside Diameter of Tube
Specified Outside Diameter of Tubing Variations from Specified Excess Length
Outside Diameter in. mm in. mm
in. mm in. mm From 2 to 12 50 to 300 14⁄ 6.4
From 2 to 4 50 to 100 0.08 2.0 Over 12 to 24 300 to 600 1 ⁄2 13
Over 4 to 12 100 to 300 0.10 2.5 Over 24 to 54 600 to 1350 1 25
Over 12 to 24 300 to 600 0.12 3.0
Over 24 to 36 600 to 900 0.16 4.1
Over 36 to 54 900 to 1350 0.25 6.4 9.3 Surface Irregularities Not Classified as Rejectable—
Visual surface defects that have been explored and that do not
encroach on the minimum sound wall thickness shall be
blended either by machining or grinding the surface into the
8.2.2.2 Tubes not machined on the inside shall have permis- surrounding unaffected surface area of the tubing.
sible variations as agreed upon by the purchaser and the 9.4 Repair by Welding—Repair of injurious defects by
manufacturer. welding shall be permitted and major weld repairs shall be
8.2.3 Wall Thickness—The wall thickness shall not exceed permitted only subject to the approval of the purchaser. Weld
the calculated minimum as-cast wall thickness by more than repairs shall be considered major if the depth of the cavity
the limits shown in Table 3. The calculated minimum wall prepared for welding exceeds 20 % of the required minimum
thickness shall be equal to the specified minimum wall wall thickness or if the total surface area exceeds 10 in.2
thickness plus the manufacturer’s allowance for “inside surface [65 cm2]. Defects shall be completely removed before welding.
feed metal” and outside surface roughness. Upon request, the If defects are linear, complete removal shall be checked by
manufacturer’s allowance shall be furnished to the purchaser. liquid penetrant inspection (Practice E165/E165M). Only
There shall be no variation under the calculated minimum qualified operators and procedures in accordance with Practice
as-cast wall thickness. For tubes over 24 up to and including A488/A488M shall be used. All weld repairs shall be subjected
54 in. [600 to 1350 mm] in diameter, the “permissible varia- to the same inspection standard as the tubing.
tions over specified minimum as-cast wall thickness” shall be
agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser. 10. Pressure Test
8.2.4 Length—If definite lengths are ordered, no length of 10.1 All tubing shall be subjected to an internal air pressure
tubing shall be under the length specified and not longer than of at least 75 psi [515 kPa] for at least 1 min either while
the tolerance shown in Table 4. submerged in clear water or with the entire outer surface coated
with sulfur-free soap suds at the discretion of the manufacturer.
9. Finish In the usable portion of the tube, leaks are not permitted. If the
9.1 Machined Tubing—All tubes shall be reasonably Hydrostatic Test, Supplementary Requirement S6, is invoked,
straight and free of rejectable indications. All visual irregulari- the exact details of the test and testing procedure shall be
ties shall be explored for depths. When the depth encroaches on clearly defined and made a part of the ordering information
the specified minimum wall thickness, such irregularities shall (3.1.8).
be considered rejectable indications. 10.2 Leaks may be repaired by welding only if such repair
9.2 As-Cast Tubing: is approved by the purchaser.
9.2.1 The outside surface shall be adequately cleaned (such 11. Flattening Test
as by shotblasting, sandblasting, wire brushing, grinding, or
machining). The metal surface so revealed shall be visually 11.1 Flattening tests are not required since material covered
inspected and shall be free of linear discontinuities or other by this specification is not intended to be bent, flanged, or
imperfections that encroach on the specified minimum wall of otherwise formed.
the tube. 12. Mechanical Tests Required
9.2.2 Various degrees of surface roughness occur on unma-
chined tubing. If a specific surface finish is required, it shall be 12.1 Air Pressure Test—Each length of tubing shall be
a matter of agreement between the manufacturer and the subjected to the pressure test described in Section 10.
purchaser. 13. Certification
13.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,
a manufacturer’s certification that the material was manufac-
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in As-Cast Wall Thickness tured and tested in accordance with this specification together
Permissible Variations over with a report of the test results shall be furnished at the time of
Specified Outside Diameter of Tubing Calculated Minimum As- shipment.
Cast Wall Thickness
in. mm in. mm 14. Product Marking
From 2 to 6 50 to 150 0.08 2.0 14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
Over 6 to 12 150 to 300 0.10 2.5
Over 12 to 24 300 to 600 0.13 3.3 A999/A999M, the marking shall include the length, an addi-
tional symbol “S” if the tubing conforms to the supplementary

53
3
Downloaded/printed by
 A608/A608M − 14 (2018)
requirements specified in Supplementary Requirements S1 to 15. Keywords
S11, the heat number or manufacturer’s number by which the 15.1 alloy; centrifugal casting; high temperatures; pressure
tube can be identified, and, when as cast (see 8.2), the notation containing parts; steel tube; temperature service applications
“AS CAST.”

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

One or more of the following supplementary requirements may become a part of the specification
when specified on the inquiry or invitation to bid and purchase order or contract.

S1. Product Analysis treatment to improve the hot tensile strength of the material or
S1.1 Product analysis may be made on any length of tubing. specimen shall not be permitted. However, the specimens may
Individual lengths failing to conform to the chemical require- be aged for 24 h at test temperature before testing.
ments shall be rejected. For product analysis, the outside S2.4 The test shall be made in accordance with Test
surface of the tube shall be ground clean before sampling and Methods E21, except that the speed of the head of the testing
a sample taken from this area by drilling. If drillings are taken, machine shall be so adjusted that the crosshead speed shall not
the drill should penetrate at least to the mid-point of the tube exceed 0.05 in. [1.3 mm] ⁄in. [25 mm] ⁄min.
wall, but the inner 1⁄8 in. [3 mm] of the tube wall shall not be S2.5 The test specimens shall conform to properties agreed
included in the sample unless the tube has been bored. upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The values
shown in Table S2.1 may be used as a guide.
S2. Short-Time, High-Temperature Tension Test
S2.1 Short-time, high-temperature tension tests shall be S3. Stress Rupture Test
made from a longitudinal or transverse section cut from the end S3.1 The stress rupture test shall be made from a longitu-
of the tubing representing each heat or lot as agreed upon dinal or transverse section cut from the end of the tubing
between the manufacturer and the purchaser. representing each heat or lot as agreed upon between the
S2.2 The test specimen shall conform to the dimensions manufacturer and the purchaser.
shown in Fig. 7 or 9 of Test Methods E8/E8M, or as described S3.2 The conditions of testing may be specified by the
in Practice E151. The specimen gage diameter shall not purchaser as either:
encroach on the zone of feed metal when cut from an as-cast S3.2.1 1600 °F [870 °C] and an initial stress of 10 000 psi
tube. [69 000 kPa] or 8000 psi [55 000 kPa], or
S2.3 The specimen shall be subjected to a short-time tension S3.2.2 1800 °F [980 °C] and an initial stress of 6000 psi
test at a temperature of 1400 °F [760 °C], 1600 °F [870 °C], [41 000 kPa] or 4000 psi [28 000 kPa].
1800 °F [980 °C], or 2000 °F [1095 °C], as selected by the S3.2.3 If not specified, the test temperature shall be 1600 °F
purchaser. During the test the temperature range shall be [870 °C] and the stress 10 000 psi [69 000 kPa]. During the test
maintained within 610 °F [5.5 °C] at the selected temperature. the temperature range shall be maintained within 610 °F
If the temperature is not specified by the purchaser, the test [5.5 °C] of the selected temperature. The test specimen shall
shall be conducted at 1600 °F [870 °C]. Processing by heat conform to the dimensions shown in Fig. 7 or 9 of Test

TABLE S2.1 Minimum Elevated Temperature Tensile Strength and Elongation Values for Centrifugally Cast Heat-Resistant Alloy Tubing
1400 °F [760 °C] 1600 °F [870 °C] 1800 °F [980 °C] 2000 °F [1095 °C]

Grade Tensile Tensile Tensile Tensile

Elonga- Elonga- Elonga- Elonga-
Strength, Strength, Strength, Strength,
tion, % tion, % tion, % tion, %
psi [kPa] psi [kPa] psi [kPa] psi [kPa]
HC30 5300 40 2960 50 1600 40
[36 000] [20 400] [11 000]
HD50 7450 2580 910
[51 400] [17 800] [6200]
HF30A 26 000 7.0 14 500 9.0 (not for use above 1600 °F)
[180 000] [100 000]
HH30 7650 12.0 3510 16.0
[52 700] [24 200]
HH33A 20 000 8.0 8200 12.0 4000 20.0
[138 000] [56 000] [28 000]
H135A 20 000 8.0 8200 12.0
[138 000] [56 000]
HK30 26 000 14 000 9.0 7500 18.0 3600 24.0
[180 000] [97 000] [52 000] [25 000]
HK40 29 000 7.0 16 500 6.0 8800 15.0 4200 22.0
[200 000] [114 000] [61 000] [29 000]
A
If these values are to be met, manufacturing control should ensure that these compositions contain a minimal amount of ferrite. See Supplementary Requirement S5.

53
4
Downloaded/printed by
 A608/A608M − 14 (2018)
Methods E8/E8M or as described in Test Methods E139. The TABLE S4.1 Room Temperature Tension Test
specimen gage diameter shall not encroach on the zone of feed Minimum Tensile Minimum Yield Minimum
metal when cut from an as-cast tube. Grade Strength Strength Elongation
ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa) %
S3.3 The stress rupture test shall be made in accordance
HPNb 65 [450] 35 [240] 8
with Test Methods E139. Measurements of creep rate shall not HPNbS 65 [450] 35 [240] 8
be required. The test shall be considered complete after the
specimen has endured the specified stress for the minimum
acceptable time. Processing by heat treatment to improve the
S7. Metal Structure and Etching Tests
creep resistance of the material or specimen shall not be
permitted. However, the specimens may be aged for 24 h at test S7.1 Etching tests (Note S1) shall be made on transverse or
temperature before testing. longitudinal sections from any tube, and shall show sound and
S3.4 The test specimens shall conform to properties agreed reasonably uniform material within the specified sound wall
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The values area, free of injurious laminations and similar objectionable
shown in Table S3.1 may be used as a guide. defects. If the specimen from either end of any length shows
objectionable defects, one retest shall be permitted from that
S4. Room Temperature Tension Test end. If this fails, the length shall be cut back until sound metal
S4.1 The manufacturer shall perform one tension test at is obtained.
room temperature on material from each heat. The properties to S7.2 The nature of these heat-resistant alloys produced by
be met are a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the the centrifugal process may cause them to exhibit a difference
manufacturer. Grades HPNb and HPNbS shall meet the re- in grain size from length to length and within an individual
quirements of Table S4.1. length. This difference in grain size shall not be cause for
rejection.
S5. Control of Ferrite NOTE S1—It is recommended that the macroetching test procedures
described in Practice E340 be followed.
S5.1 The amount of ferrite in the metal structure of alloys
HF30, HH33, and HI35 shall be controlled to limit the S8. Photomicrographs
magnetic permeability to a maximum of 1.05. S8.1 The manufacturer shall furnish one photomicrograph
S5.2 Test specimens for magnetic permeability measure- at 100 diameters from a specimen of tubing in the as-finished
ments to determine delta ferrite content shall be in accordance condition representing each heat. Such photomicrographs shall
with the applicable specimen requirements of Test Methods be suitably identified as to tubing size, wall thickness, and heat
A342/A342M. Apparatus to perform the magnetic permeability number. No photomicrographs for the individual pieces pur-
measurements shall be in accordance with the requirements of chased shall be required except as specified in Supplementary
Test Methods A342/A342M (Section 1, 2, or 3) whether Requirement S9. Such photomicrographs are for information
individually constructed or obtained commercially. Prior to only, to show the actual metal structure of the tubing as
testing, the test specimen material shall be heated in air to furnished.
2000 °F [1095 °C], held within a 625 °F [15 °C] range of this
temperature for 24 h, and then quenched in water. After S9. Photomicrographs for Individual Pieces
quenching, all scale and superficial oxidized metal shall be
S9.1 In addition to the photomicrographs required in accor-
removed from the specimen prior to testing.
dance with Supplementary Requirement S8, photomicrographs
S6. Hydrostatic Test shall be furnished from one or both ends of a length of tubing.
All photomicrographs required shall be properly identified as
S6.1 Hydrostatic tests shall be performed in accordance to heat number, size, and wall thickness of tubing from which
with the Hydrostatic Test Requirements Section of Specifica- the section was taken. Photomicrographs shall be further
tion A999/A999M or as agreed upon between the manufacturer identified to permit association of each photomicrograph with
and the purchaser. the individual length of tubing it represents.

S10. Radiographic Inspection

TABLE S3.1 Minimum Time to Rupture Values for Centrifugally
Cast Heat-Resistant Alloy Tubing S10.1 The turned and bored tubing shall be examined for
Minimum Rupture Life, h internal defects by means of X-rays or gamma rays. The
1600 °F 1600 °F 1800 °F 1800 °F inspection procedure shall be in accordance with Guide E94/
Grade [870 °C] [870 °C] [980 °C] [980 °C] E94M or Method E142 as agreed upon between the manufac-
10 000 psi 8000 psi 6000 psi 4000 psi
[69 000 kPa] [55 000 kPa] [41 000 kPa]2 [28 000 kPa]
turer and the purchaser. The extent of examination and the
HF30 6.0 18
basis for acceptance shall be subject to agreement between the
HH33A 5.0 17 3.0 20 manufacturer and the purchaser. A specification which may be
HK30 7.0 24 4.0 34 used as a basis for such agreement is Quality Standard for Steel
HK40 25 11
HK50 47 20
Castings for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping
A
Components (Radiographic Inspection Method, SP-54) of the
Manufacturing control should ensure that this composition contains a minimal
amount of ferrite. See Supplementary Requirement S5. Manufacturer’s Standardization Society of the Valve and Fit-
tings Industry.

53
5
Downloaded/printed by
 A608/A608M − 14 (2018)
S11. Liquid Penetrant Inspection other processing. The number of pieces, the areas to be
S11.1 Liquid penetrant inspection shall be performed only inspected, the procedure to be used, and the standards of
on those areas of the tubing which have been suitably prepared acceptability shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer
for this type of inspection by grinding, machining, polishing, or and the purchaser.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A608/A608M – 12) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Oct. 1, 2014.)

(1) Table 1 – Added footnote A to define ellipses (...) and (3) Table 1 – Replaced individual occurrences of “max” with
re-lettered subsequent footnotes. the statement in the “composition” title block.
(2) Table 1 – Added UNS numbers where they were available.

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or [email protected] (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222
Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/

53
6
Downloaded/printed by