KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN AHMEDABAD REGION

MATHS CONTENT
CLASS: XI
CHAPTER : TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

TRIGONOMETRIC FORMULA
• An angle can be measured in degrees or in radians.
• 1 radian is an angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an
arcwhose length is equal to the radius of the circle.
•  radian = 180 degrees
• Radian measure =  × Degree measure
180
Degree measure = 180 
× Radian measure
• 1° = 60’
1’ = 60’’
• 1 radian = 57° 16’ approximately
1° = 0.01746 radian approximately
• If an arc of length l makes an angle  radian at the centre of a
circle of radius r, we have l = r
• Signs of trigonometric functions
I II III IV
sin x + + - -
cos x + - - +
tan x + - + -
cosec x + + - -
sec x + - - +
cot x + - + -

• Domain and Range of trigonometric functions

Function Domain Range
sin x R [-1, 1]
cos x R [-1, 1]
tan x R – {(2𝑛 + 1)  : 𝑛 c 𝑁} R
2
cosec x R – {(𝑛 : 𝑛 c 𝑁} R – (-1, 1)
sec x R – {(2𝑛 + 1)  : 𝑛 c 𝑁} R – (-1, 1)
2
cot x R – {(𝑛 : 𝑛 c 𝑁} R
• 𝑠i𝑛2𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = 1
𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑥 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 = 1
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡2𝑥 = 1

• 1. sin( − 𝑥) = cos 𝑥 2. cos( − 𝑥) = sin 𝑥

2 2
 
3. tan( − 𝑥) = cot 𝑥 4. cot( − 𝑥) = tan 𝑥
 2 2 
5. sec( − 𝑥) = cosec 𝑥 6. cosec( − 𝑥) = sec 𝑥
2 2
• 1. sin( + 𝑥) = cos 𝑥 2. cos( + 𝑥) = −sin 𝑥
2 2
 
3. tan( + 𝑥) = −cot 𝑥 4. cot( + 𝑥) = −tan 𝑥
2 2
 
5. sec( + 𝑥) = −cosec 𝑥 6. cosec( + 𝑥) = sec 𝑥
2 2
• 1. sin( − 𝑥) = sin 𝑥 2. cos( − 𝑥) = −cos 𝑥
3. tan( − 𝑥) = −tan 𝑥 4. cot( − 𝑥) = −cot 𝑥
5. sec( − 𝑥) = −sec 𝑥 6. cosec( − 𝑥) = cosec 𝑥

• 1. sin( + 𝑥) = −sin 𝑥 2. cos( + 𝑥) = −cos 𝑥

3. tan( + 𝑥) = tan 𝑥 4. cot( + 𝑥) = cot 𝑥
5. sec( + 𝑥) = −sec 𝑥 6. cosec( + 𝑥) = −cosec 𝑥

• 1. sin(2 − 𝑥) = −sin 𝑥 2. cos(2 − 𝑥) = cos 𝑥

3. tan(2 − 𝑥) = −tan 𝑥 4. cot(2 − 𝑥) = −cot 𝑥

5. sec(2 − 𝑥) = sec 𝑥 6. cosec(2 − 𝑥) = −cosec 𝑥

• 1. sin(2 + 𝑥) = sin 𝑥 2. cos(2 + 𝑥) = cos 𝑥

3. tan(2 + 𝑥) = tan 𝑥 4. cot(2 + 𝑥) = cot 𝑥
5. sec(2 + 𝑥) = sec 𝑥 6. cosec(2 + 𝑥) = cosec 𝑥

• The values of sin x, cos x, cosec x and sec x repeat after an

interval of 2.
The values of tan x and cot x repeat after an interval of .

• sin(𝑥 + 𝑦) = sin 𝑥 cos 𝑦 + cos 𝑥 sin 𝑦

sin(𝑥 − 𝑦) = sin 𝑥 cos 𝑦 − cos 𝑥 sin 𝑦
cos(𝑥 + 𝑦) = cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦 − sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦
cos(𝑥 − 𝑦) = cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦 + sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦

• tan(𝑥 + 𝑦) = tan 𝑥+tan 𝑦 tan(𝑥 − 𝑦) = tan 𝑥−tan 𝑦

1−tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦 1+ tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦

• cot 𝑥 cot 𝑦 − 1 cot 𝑥 cot 𝑦 + 1

cot(𝑥 + 𝑦) = cot(𝑥 − 𝑦) =
cot 𝑦 + cot 𝑥 cot 𝑦 − cot 𝑥

• sin 2𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥 = 2 tan 𝑥

1+ 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥
2 2 2 2 1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥
cos 2𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑠i𝑛 𝑥 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 − 1 = 1 − 2𝑠i𝑛 𝑥 =
2 tan 𝑥 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥
tan 2𝑥 =
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥

• sin 3𝑥 = 3 sin 𝑥 − 4 𝑠i𝑛3𝑥

cos 3𝑥 = 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 − 3 cos 𝑥
3 tan 𝑥 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛3𝑥
tan 3𝑥 =
1 − 3 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥
 • cos 𝑥 + cos 𝑦 = 2 cos 𝑥+𝑦 cos 𝑥−𝑦
2 2
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
cos 𝑥 − cos 𝑦 = −2 sin sin
2 2
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
sin 𝑥 + sin 𝑦 = 2 sin cos
2 2
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥−𝑦
sin 𝑥 − sin 𝑦 = 2 cos sin
2 2

• 2 cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦 = cos(𝑥 + 𝑦) + cos(𝑥 − 𝑦)

−2 sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦 = cos(𝑥 + 𝑦) − cos(𝑥 − 𝑦)
2 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑦 = sin(𝑥 + 𝑦) + sin(𝑥 − 𝑦)
2 cos 𝑥 sin 𝑦 = sin(𝑥 + 𝑦) − sin(𝑥 − 𝑦)

MCQ
Q1 Value of sin 10° + sin 20° + sin 30° +......+sin360° is
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 1/ 2

Q2 If sin A = 3 /5 , 0 < A <𝜋and cos B = -12/ 13 , 𝜋< B <3𝜋 , then value

2 2
of sin (A – B) is
(a) -13/ 82 (b) -15 /65 (c) -13/ 75 (d)- 16 /65

Q3 The large hand of a clock is 42 cm long. How much distance does its
extremity move in 20 minutes?
(a) 88 cm (b) 80 cm (c) 75 cm (d) 77 cm

Q4 The value of tan 20° + 2 tan 50° – tan 70° is equal to

(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) tan 50° (d) None of these
Q5 If sin x + cos x = 1/5 then tan 2x is
(a) 25 /17 (b) 7 /25 (c) 25 /7 (d) 24/ 7
Q6 Consider the following statements.
I. cot x decreases from 0 to –∞ in first quadrant and increases from 0
to ∞ in third quadrant.
II. sec x increases from –∞to –1 in second quadrant and decreases
from ∞to 1 in fourth quadrant.
III. cosec x increases from 1 to∞ in second quadrant and decreases
from –1 to –∞in fourth quadrant.
Choose the correct option.
(a) I is incorrect (b) II is incorrect
(c) III is incorrect (d) IV is incorrect
Q7 1 + cos 2x + cos 4x + cos 6x =
(a) 2 cos x cos 2x cos 3x (b) 4 sin x cos 2x cos 3x
(c) 4 cos x cos 2x cos 3x (d) None of these
Q8 The value of sin (− 11𝜋) is √3Value of ‘m’ is
3 𝑚

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5

Q9 The number of solutions sinx=cos x for all x [-𝜋, 𝜋] from graph will be
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
Q10 The value of expression sin A + cosA lies between
(a) –2 and 2 both inclusive (b) 0 and 2 both inclusive
(c) – 2 and 2 both inclusive (d) 0 and 2 both inclusive

Q11 If sin𝜃 + cos𝜃 T= 1, then sin𝜃 .cos𝜃 =

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 1/ 2
Q 12 The degree measure of 11radian is
16
(a) 39° 22’ 30” (b)39° 22.3’ (c) 39° 30’ 22” (d)39°
Q13 If in two circles, arcs of the same length subtend angles 45° and 60°
at Centre, find the ratio of their radii.
(a) 2:3 (b) 2:5 (c) 3:4 (d) 4:3
Q14 Consider the statements given below:
I. sin x is positive in first and second quadrants.
II. cosec x is negative in third and fourth quadrants.
III. tan x and cot x are negative in second and fourth quadrants.
IV. cos x and sec x are positive in first and fourth quadrants. Choose
the correct option.

(a) All are correct (b) Only I and IV are correct

(c) Only III and IV are correct (d) None is correct

Q15 The value of sin(𝜋 − 𝜃)sin(𝜋 + 𝜃)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝜃 =

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) -1 (d) 1/ 2

Q16 If tanA=1/2 and tanB=1/3,then the value of A+B=

(a) ) 45° (b) )60° (c) )30° (d)0°

Q 17 The value of tan 3A – tan 2A – tan A is equal to

(a) tan 3A tan 2A tan A
(b) –tan 3A tan 2A tan A
(c) tan A tan 2A – tan 2A tan 3A – tan 3A tan A
(d) None of these
Q 18 The value of tan 75° – cot 75° is equal to
(a) 2 √3 (b) 2+√3 (c) 2– √3 (d) 1

Q 19 The value of 1
- √3
=
𝑠i𝑛10° 𝑐𝑜𝑠10°

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) -1 (d) 4

Q 20 If tan A=b/a,then value of acos2A+bsin2A=
(a) -b (b) a (c) -a (d) b

CASE BASED/SOURCE BASED / PASSAGE BASED

Q 21 CASE STUDY -1 :- Trigonometry is the combination of 2 words –

‘Trigonon’ means Triangle and ‘metron’ means measure. It is a branch
of geometry that studies relationship between lengths and angles of a
triangle. Degree and radian units of measurement of angles are used,
also called Indian system of measurement of triangles. In this system
𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑i𝑎𝑛 = 180°;1°=60minuteand 1minute=60 seconds;1 rt angle
=90°.The length of arc 𝑙 is given by 𝜃 = 𝑙𝑟.On the basis of above
information answer the following questions:

(i)11/36 radians into degree minutes and seconds

(a) 17°14′30′′ (b)17°14′ (c)17°30′′ (d) None of these

(ii)7𝜋into degrees will be

18

(a)60° (b)70° (c)100° (d)80°

(iii)Find the length of arc made by minute’s hand of a clock in 5

minutes having radius 7cm.
(a)7𝜋 (b)7𝜋 (c)7𝜋 (d)7𝜋
5 6 3 4

(iv)If the arcs of the same length in two circles subtend angles 65 and
80 at the centre, then the ratio of their radii.

(a)13:16 (b) 3: 16 (c)16:13 (d) 5: 16

Q 22 CASE STUDY-2-Domain and range of the following trigonometric

functions are given below:-
Based on the following information, answer the following questions:-
• Domain and Range of trigonometric functions
Function Domain Range
sin x R [-1, 1]
cos x R [-1, 1]
tan x R – {(2𝑛 + 1) : 𝑛 c 𝑁}
 R
2
cosec x R – {(𝑛 : 𝑛 c 𝑁} R – (-1, 1)
 sec x R – {(2𝑛 + 1)  : 𝑛 c 𝑁} R – (-1, 1)
2
cot x R – {(𝑛 : 𝑛 c 𝑁} R
(i) Domain of f(x)= 1 is
√1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

(a) R (b) R-(2n+1)𝜋 (c)R-2n 𝜋 (d) R-n𝜋

(ii) Domain of f(x)= 1

𝑠i𝑛𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
(a) R-(4n-1)𝜋 (b) R-(4n+1)𝜋 (c)R-𝑛𝜋 (d) R-n𝜋
4 4 4

(iii) Range of f(x)= sin2x

(a) [-1,1] (b) (-1,1) (c)[0,1] (d) (-1,0)

(iv) Range of f(x)=sinx+cosx

(a) (−√2, √2) (b) [−√2, √2] (c) (−√2, 0) (d) (0, √2)

Q 23 CASE STUDY -3: Sine and cosine functions can be used to model
many real life scenarios-radio waves, tides, musicaltones,
electricalsignals. Following are shown the graphs of sine and cosine
curves. Looking to these graphs ,answer the following questions:-
 (i) If we draw line y=1/2,at how many points the graph of sine and
this line intersects between interval [-𝜋,𝜋]
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
(ii)If both sine and cosine curve are drawn on the same graph and on
the same interval[-2 𝜋, 2𝜋]
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 8
(iii) The graph of cosine cuts on X axis between (0,2𝜋)
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
(iv) At how many points will be sinx=√2 in interval[-𝜋,𝜋]
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

Q 24 It can be obtained that sin18°=√5−1 and cos36°=√5+1.Using these

4 4
values,answer the following:

(i)sin47°+sin18° − 𝑠i𝑛11° − 𝑠i𝑛25°is equal to

(a) sin36° (b) cos36° (c) sin7° (d) cos7°

(ii) cos12°+cos84° + 𝑐𝑜𝑠156° − 𝑐𝑜𝑠132°is equal to

(a) -1 (b)− 1 (c)1 (d)1
2 2

(iii) sin6°-sin66° + 𝑠i𝑛78° − 𝑠i𝑛42°is equal to

(a) 1 (b)− 1 (c)1 (d)-1
2 2

(iv)tan81°-tan63° − tan27° + tan9°is equal to

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Q 25 Given cosx=-4/5and siny=5/13,x&y both lie in second quadrant.

Based on the following questions, answer the following:-

(i) The value of sin(x+y)=

(a)− 56 (b)− 33 (c)− 16 (d)63
65 65 65 65

(ii) The value of cos(x+y)=

(a)− 56 (b)− 33 (c)− 16 (d)63
65 65 65 65

(iii) The value of sin(x-y)=

(a)− 56 (b)− 33 (c)− 16 (d)63
65 65 65 65

(iv) The value of cos(x-y)=

(a)− 56 (b)− 33 (c)− 16 (d)63
65 65 65 65
 ASSERTION REASONING
Each of these questions contains two statements, Assertion and
Reason. Each of these questions also has four alternative choices, only
one of which is the correct answer. You have to select one of the
codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct
explanation for assertion.
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a correct
explanation for assertion
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
Q 26 Assertion : The ratio of the radii of two circles at the centres of which
two equal arcs subtend angles of 30° and 70° is 21 : 10.
Reason : Number of radians in an angle subtended at the centre of a
circle by an arc is equal to the ratio of the length of the arc to the
radius of the circle.
Q 27 Assertion: cosec x is negative in third and fourth quadrants.
Reason : cot x decreases from 0 to –∞ in first quadrant and
increases from 0 to ∞ in third quadrant
Q 28 Assertion:𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝛼 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠3(𝛼 + 2𝜋) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠3(𝛼 + 4𝜋) = 3cos 𝛼 cos(𝛼 + 2𝜋)
3 3 3
cos(𝛼 + 4𝜋)
3
Reason :If a+b+c=0 then 𝑎3+𝑏3+𝑐3=3abc
Q 29 Assertion:tan5A-tan3A-tan2A=tan5Atan3Atan2A
Reason :x=y+z⇒ tanx-tany-tanz=tanxtanytanz.
Q 30 Assertion:The maximum value of sinx+cosx is 2
Reason :The maximum value of sinx is 1 and maximum value cos is 1

VERY SHORT
Q 31 If sin (A+B)=m and sin(A-B)=n then find 𝑐𝑜𝑠2B-𝑐𝑜𝑠2A
Q 32 If the arcs of the same lengths in two circles subtend angles 65° and
110° at the centre, find the ratio of their radii
Q 33 If tan(A – B) = 1, sec(A + B) = 2 the smallest positive value of B
√3
is…………………….
Q 34 Find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠275-𝑠i𝑛215
Q 35 Evaluate :√3 cosec20-sec20
Q 36 Find the value of cos(3𝜋-x)- cos(3𝜋+x)
4 4

Q 37 Evaluate: sin 𝜋 + sin 13𝜋

10 10

Q 38 Evaluate : 2cos 𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠 9𝜋+ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3𝜋 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 5𝜋

13 13 13 13

Q 39 Evaluate the value of sin105°

Q 40 Find the value of k if tanA-cotA=k cot2A
Q 41 Convert 1 radian in degree,minute and seconds
Q 42 Convert 40°20′ into radian measure
Q 43 In a circle of diameter 56cm,the length of the chord is 28 cm,find the
length of the minor arc.
Q 44 A wheel makes 540 revolutions in one minute. Through how many
radians does it turn in 12 seconds.
Q 45 Find the value of 2 sin75° sin15°.
Q 46 Find a if sin(-420°) cos390° + cos(-660°) sin330° = - a
Q 47 If sinx + cosec x= 2, then find sin8x + cosec8x
Q 48 What will be the domain and range of f(x)=𝑠i𝑛 𝑥
2

Q 49 Evaluate the value of sin(-1140)+cos(-450)

Q 50 Find the value oftan15°. tan45° tan75°

SHORT QUESTIONS
Q 51 If x=ycos2𝜋 =zcos4𝜋,then find the value of xy+yz+zx
3 3

Q 52 Prove that sin(45+A) sin(45-A)=𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴

2

Q 53 Prove that : cot x cot 2x – cot 2x cot 3x – cot 3x cot x=1

Q 54 If A + B = 45°, then (cot A – 1) (cot B – 1) is equal to…………….
Q 55 Find sin 𝑥 , cos 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 tan 𝑥 if tan x = - 3, x lies in the 2nd quadrant
2 2 2 4

Q 56 Evaluate: sin𝜋
8

Q 57 If tan(𝜋 + 𝜃) - tan(𝜋 − 𝜃)=k tan2𝜃 ,find k

4 4

Q 58 Evaluate: cos𝜋 cos2𝜋 cos4𝜋

7 7 7

Q 59 Prove that: sinA−sinB =cot(𝐴+𝐵)

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐵−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴 2

Q 60 Evaluate: sin12°.sin48°.sin54°
Q 61 Evaluate the value of tan2A if sinA=-3/5
Q 62 Evaluate the value of sin75°-cos75°
Q 63 Prove that: 𝑠i𝑛2𝐴 =tanA
1+𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴

Q 64 If 𝑠i𝑛𝐴+𝑠i𝑛2𝐴 =k tanA,find k
1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴+𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴
Q 65
Evaluate the value of (sin3x+sinx)sinx+(cos3x-cosx) cosx
Q 66 The railway train is travelling on a circular curve of 1500 metres
radius at the rate of 66km/hr.Through what angle it has turned in10
seconds.
Q 67 Evaluate:
sin(180+𝜃) cos(90+𝜃) tan(270−𝜃)cot (360−𝜃)
sin(360−𝜃) cos(360+𝜃)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐(−𝜃)sin (270−𝜃)

Q 68 If sinA=-3/5 and A lies in 3rd Quadrant and cosB= 12/13 and B lies in
4th Quadrant ,then find the value of tan (A+B)
Q 69 In any cyclic quadrilateral ABCD,prove that
cosA+ cosB+ cosC +cosD=0
Q 70 Show that tan 3x tan 2x tan x = tan 3x – tan 2x – tan x.

LONG QUESTIONS
Q 71 Prove that :(1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 𝜋)( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 3𝜋)( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 5𝜋)( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 7𝜋)=1/8
8 8 8 8

Q 72 Prove that : 𝑠i𝑛4 𝜋+𝑠i𝑛4 3𝜋 + 𝑠i𝑛4 5𝜋 + 𝑠i𝑛4 7𝜋=3/2

8 8 8 8

Q 73 Prove that : sin20.sin40.sin60.sin80=3/16

Q 74 Prove that: 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝛼 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2(𝛼 + 120)+𝑐𝑜𝑠2(𝛼 − 120)=3/2
Q 74 Prove that :
sin(4𝐴−2𝐵)+sin (4𝐵−2𝐴)
=tan(A+B)
cos(4𝐴−2𝐵)+cos (4𝐴−2𝐵)

Q 75 Prove that :
𝑠i𝑛𝐴−𝑠i𝑛5𝐴+𝑠i𝑛9𝐴−𝑠i𝑛13𝐴
=cot4A
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴−𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝐴−𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝐴+𝑐𝑜𝑠13𝐴

Q 76
Prove that :√2 + √2 + √2 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠8𝐴 =2cosA

Q 77 Prove that : sin4A=4sinA𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝐴 − 4𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴𝑠i𝑛3𝐴

Q 78 If A+B+C=𝜋,then prove that:

tan𝐴2tan𝐵2 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐵2 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐶2 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐶2 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴2=1

Q 79 Prove that 2 𝑠i𝑛2𝛽 + 4 cos(𝘢 + 𝛽) sin 𝘢 sin 𝛽 + cos 2(𝘢 + 𝛽) is independent

of 𝛽.
Q 80 Sketch the graph of cos2x and cos(2x-𝜋)
4
 SOLUTIONS:- MCQs

1.b 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.d

6.a 7.c 8.b 9.b 10.c
11.a 12.a 13.d 14.a 15.c
16.a 17.a 18.a 19.d 20.b

21.CASE (i)c (ii)b (iii)b (iv)c

STUDY-1
22. CASE (i)b (ii)a (iii)a (iv)b
STUDY-2
23.CASE (i)c (ii)a (iii)c (iv)a
STUDY-3
24.CASE (i)d (ii)b (iii)c (iv)d
STUDY-4
25.CASE (i)a (ii)b (iii)c (iv)d
STUDY-5

ASSERTION AND REASON:-

26. d 27. c 28. a 29. a 30. d

VERY SHORT QUESTIONS:-

31.m2 − n2 32. 22:13 33.7п 34.0 35.4

24
36. √2sinx 37.− 1 38.0 39.√3+1 40. k=-2
2 2√2
41.57°16'22'' 121
42. 540 43.
28𝜋
44. 45.1/2
3
216𝜋
46.a=1 47.2 48. Domain-R 49.0 50.1
Range-[-1,1]

SHORT QUESTIONS:-
2𝜋 4𝜋
51. x=ycos 3 =z cos 3
𝑦 𝑧
⇒ 𝑥1=−2 −2
= =k(let)
⇒ x=k;y=-2k;z=-2k
Now xy+yz+zx
=(k).(-2k)+(-2k)(-2k)+(-2k)(k)
=-2𝑘2+4𝑘2-2𝑘2
=0

52. sin(A+B)sin(A-B)=𝑠i𝑛2A-𝑠i𝑛2B
sin(45+A)sin(45-A)=𝑠i𝑛245-𝑠i𝑛2A
=( 1 )2 -𝑠i𝑛2A
√2
 1−2𝑠i𝑛2A
= 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴
= 2

53. cot x cot 2x – cot 2x cot 3x – cot 3x cot x

We have 3x = x + 2x
cot 3x = cot (x + 2x)
cotX COt 2X− 1
cot3x= cotX+ cot 2 X By cross multiplication cot 3x (cot x + cot 2x) = cot x cot 2x – 1
⇒ cot x cot 3x + cot 2x cot 3x =cos x cot 2x – 1
⇒cos x cot 2x – cot 2x cot 3x – cot 3x cot x = 1

54. cot(A+B)=cot45
⇒cot(A+B)=1
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐵+𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐴
⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐴.𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐵−1 =1
⇒cotB+cotA=cotAcotB-1
=⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐵 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐴 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑡𝐵 + 1 = 0
=⇒ (cotA-1)(cotB-1)=0

55. If x lies in second Quadrant ,then x/2 is lies in first Quadrant.

tanx=-3/4 ,then cosx=-4/5
𝑥 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑥 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
sin =±√ ; co s =±√
2 2 2 2
𝑥 1−( −4) 3 𝑥 1+( −4) 1
sin =±√ = and co =√
5 5
2 2 √10 s2 2 = √10
𝑥
𝑥 sin
tan = 2 =3
𝑥
2 cos
2

𝜋
56. 1−cos
𝜋
sin =√ 4
8 2
1
1−√
=√ 2
2

(√2−1
=√
2√2

𝜋 𝜋
57. 𝜋 𝜋 𝑡𝑎𝑛 +𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
tan( + 𝜃)-tan( − 𝜃)=[ 4
𝜋 ]–[ 4
𝜋 ]
4 4 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛4𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛4𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
1+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
=[ ]–[ ]
1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 1+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
⇒ 4𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 =2tan2𝜃
1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃
⇒k=2
𝜋 2𝜋 4𝜋
58. cos7 cos 7 cos 7
𝜋
Divide and multiply with 2 sin7
𝜋
2 sin 𝜋 2𝜋 4𝜋
= 7[cos cos cos ]
𝜋
2 sin 7 7 7
7
 2𝜋 2𝜋 4𝜋
[𝑠i𝑛 cos cos
7 7𝜋 7
= 2 sin
7
Divide and multiply by2
2𝜋 2𝜋 4𝜋
2𝑠i𝑛 cos cos
7 7 7
=[ 2.2 sin𝜋7
]
4𝜋 4𝜋
sin cos
7 7
= 2.2 sin𝜋7
Again divide and multiply2
4𝜋 4𝜋
2sin cos
7 𝜋7
= 2.2.2 sin
7
8𝜋
sin
7
=2.2.2 sin 𝜋
𝜋7
sin (u+ )
=2.2.2 sin7 𝜋
7
−sin ( 𝜋)
7𝜋
=2.2.2 sin
7
−1
=8
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
59. 2 cos( )sin ( )
2 2
= 2 sin( 𝐴+𝐵
)sin (
𝐴−𝐵
)
2 2
𝐴+𝐵
=cot( 2
)

60. sin12˚.sin48˚.sin54˚
Divide and multiply by 2
= 1/2(2sin12˚.sin48˚.sin54˚)
1
=2 {(cos(12-48)-COS(12+48)}sin54
1
=2(COS36-cos60)cos36
1 √5+1 1 √5+1
=2 ( 4
− )( 4
)
2
1 √5−1 √5+1
=2 ( 4
)( 4
)
1
=32 (5 − 1)
=4/32
=1/8
2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴
61. . tan2A=1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝐴
−3
2.( )
4
=1−(−3 )2
4
−24
=7

62. sin75-cos75
(75+15) (75−15)
=sin75-sin15=2cos 2
sin 2
=2cos45sin30
1 1
=2. .
√2 2
1
=
√2
63. 𝑠i𝑛2𝐴
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴
2𝑠i𝑛𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴
= 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴
=tanA
𝑠i𝑛𝐴+𝑠i𝑛2𝐴
64. =1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴+𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴
𝑠i𝑛𝐴+2𝑠i𝑛𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴
=1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴+2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴−1
𝑠i𝑛𝐴(1+2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴)
=𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴(1+2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴)
=tanA

65. sin3x+sinx)sinx+(cos3x-cosx) cosx

(3𝑥+𝑥) (3−𝑥) (3𝑥+𝑥) (3𝑥−𝑥)
=2sin 2 cos 2 )𝑠i𝑛𝑥 − 2𝑠i𝑛 2
𝑠i𝑛 2
cosx
=2sin2xcosxsinx-2sin2xsinxcosx
=0

66. Speed=66km/hr=66x5/18=55/3m/sec
Therefore distance travelled in 10 seconds=550/3m
=⇒ 𝜃 = 𝑙/𝑟
550
=⇒ 𝜃 = 3
÷ 1500
11
=⇒ 𝜃 = 90 𝑟𝑎𝑑.

(−sin 𝜃).(−sin 𝜃)cot𝜃(− cot 𝜃)

67. =(−𝑠i𝑛𝜃)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃)(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)
𝑠i𝑛2𝜃
= 𝑐𝑜𝑡2𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
=1
68. sinA=-3/5and cosB=12/13
=⇒tanA=3/4;tanB=-5/12
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵
tan(A+B)=1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵
=place the values ,we get 16/63
69. A+C=𝜋(Opposite angles of cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary)
. A=𝜋 − 𝐶
.cos A=cos (𝜋-C)
.cosA=-cosC
cosA+cosC=0
Similarly
.cosB+cosD=0
=cosA+cosB+cosC+cosD=0
70. tan3x=tan(2x+x)
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
.⇒tan3x=1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥.𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
.⇒tan3x-tanx-tan2x=tanx.tan2x.tan3x
 LONG QUESTIONS

71. :(1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 𝜋8)( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 3𝜋 )( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 5𝜋 )( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 7𝜋 )

8 8 8
𝜋 7𝜋 5𝜋 3𝜋
=(1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 8)( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 8
)( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 8
)( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 8
)
𝜋 𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
=:(1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 8)( 1-𝐶𝑂𝑆 8)( 1-𝐶𝑂𝑆 8 )( 1+𝐶𝑂𝑆 8
)
=:(1-𝐶𝑂𝑆2 𝜋)( 1-𝐶𝑂𝑆2 3𝜋)
8 8
=𝑠i𝑛2 𝜋.𝑠i𝑛2 3𝜋
8 8
𝜋 3𝜋
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠
=( 4)( 4)
2 2
1 1
1− 1+
√2 √2
=( )( )
2 2
√2 −1 √2 +1
=( 2√2 )( 2√2 )
(√2)2−1
= 8
=1/8

72. 𝑠i𝑛4 𝜋+𝑠i𝑛4 3𝜋 + 𝑠i𝑛4 5𝜋 + 𝑠i𝑛4 7𝜋

8 8 8 8
=𝑠i𝑛4 𝜋+𝑠i𝑛4 7𝜋 + 𝑠i𝑛4 5𝜋 + 𝑠i𝑛4 3𝜋
8 8 8 8
=𝑠i𝑛4 𝜋8+𝑠i𝑛4 𝜋8 + 𝑠i𝑛4 3𝜋 + 𝑠i𝑛4 83𝜋
8
=2𝑠i𝑛4 𝜋+2𝑠i𝑛4 3𝜋
8 8
𝜋 3𝜋
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠
=2( 4)2+2( 4 )2
2 2
1 1
1− 1+
=2( √2)2 + 2( √2)2
2 2
√2 −1 2 √2 +1 2
=2( ) +2( )
2√2 2√2
√2 −1 2 √2 +1 2
=2{( +) ( ) }
2 2√2 2√2
= (√2 − 1)2 + (√2 + 1)2}
8
{
1
=4(3+3)
=3/2

73. sin20.sin40.sin60.sin80
=1/2{2 sin20.sin40.sin60.sin80}
3
=1/2[{cos(40-20)-cos(40+2 √ 80]
0)} 2 sin
3
=√ [{cos20-cos60}sin80]
4
3
=√ [𝑐𝑜𝑠20. 𝑠i𝑛80 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠60. 𝑠i𝑛80]
4
3
=√ [𝑐𝑜𝑠20. 𝑠i𝑛80 − 1 . 𝑠i𝑛80]
4. 2
3
=√ [2𝑐𝑜𝑠20. 𝑠i𝑛80 − 𝑠i𝑛80]
8
√3
= [{𝑠i𝑛(80 + 20) + cos(80 − 60) − 𝑠i𝑛80]
83 1
=√ 100 sin80]
83
[sin +2-
√ 3
= 80-sin80 √
8
[sin +2]
=3/16
 sin(4𝐴−2𝐵)+sin(4𝐵−2𝐴)
74. =cos(4𝐴−2𝐵)+cos(4𝐴−2𝐵)
(4𝐴−2𝐵+4𝐵−2𝐴) (4𝐴−2𝐵−4𝐵+2𝐴)
2𝑠i𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 2
= (4𝐴−2𝐵+4𝐵−2𝐴) (4𝐴−2𝐵−4𝐵+2𝐴)
2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
(2𝐴+2𝐵) (6𝐴−6𝐵)
2𝑠i𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 2
= (2𝐴+2𝐵) (6𝐴−6𝐵)
2𝐶0𝑆 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
2sin (𝐴+𝐵)
=2cos (𝐴+𝐵)
=tan(A+B)
𝑠i𝑛𝐴−𝑠i𝑛5𝐴+𝑠i𝑛9𝐴−𝑠i𝑛13𝐴
75. =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴−𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝐴−𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝐴+𝑐𝑜𝑠13𝐴

𝑠i𝑛𝐴+𝑠i𝑛9𝐴−𝑠i𝑛5𝐴−𝑠i𝑛13𝐴
=𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴−𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝐴−𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝐴+𝑐𝑜𝑠13𝐴
(𝐴+9𝐴) (𝐴−9𝐴) (5𝐴+13𝐴) (5𝐴−13𝐴)
2𝑠i𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −2𝑠i𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 2 2 2
= (𝐴+9𝐴) (𝐴−9𝐴) (13𝐴+9𝐴) (13𝐴−𝐴)
−2𝑠i𝑛 2 𝑠i𝑛 2 −2𝑠i𝑛 2
𝑠i𝑛 2
2𝑠i𝑛5𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝐴−2𝑠i𝑛9𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝐴
=
2𝑠i𝑛5𝐴𝑠i𝑛4𝐴−2𝑠i𝑛9𝐴𝑠i𝑛4𝐴

2𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝐴(𝑠i𝑛5𝐴−𝑠i𝑛9𝐴)
=2𝑠i𝑛4𝐴(𝑠i𝑛5𝐴−𝑠i𝑛9𝐴)
=cot4A

76.
=√2 + √2 + √2 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠8𝐴

=√2 + √2 + √2(1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠8𝐴)

=√2 + √2 + √2(2𝑐𝑜𝑠24𝐴)

=√2 + √2 + √4𝑐𝑜𝑠24𝐴
=√2 + √2 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝐴
=√2 + √2(1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝐴)

=√2 + √4𝑐𝑜𝑠22𝐴
=√2 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴
=√2(1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴)
=√2.2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴
=2cosA

77. sin4A=2sin2Acos2A
=2(2sinAcosA)(𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝐴 − 𝑠i𝑛2𝐴)
=4sinA𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝐴-4cosA𝑠i𝑛3𝐴

78. A+B+C=𝜋
𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝜋
∴ 2 + 2 +2 =2
 𝐴 𝐵 𝜋 𝐶
⇒ + = −
2 2 2 2
⇒ tan (𝐴+𝐵)=tan (𝜋 − 𝐶)
2 2 2 2
𝐴 𝐵
tan +tan 𝐶
⇒ 2
𝐴
2
𝐵 =cot
1−tan tan 2
2 2
𝐴 𝐵
tan +tan 1
2 2
⇒ 1−tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵= tan𝐶
2 2 2
𝐴 𝐶 𝐶 𝐵 𝐴 𝐵
.⇒ tan 2 tan 2 + tan 2 tan 2 = 1 − tan 2
tan 2
𝐴 𝐶 𝐶 𝐵 𝐴 𝐵
.⇒ tan 2 tan 2 + tan 2 tan 2 + tan 2 tan 2 = 1

79. =2 𝑠i𝑛2β + 4 cos(a + β) sin a sin β + cos 2(a + β)

=2 𝑠i𝑛2β + 4 (cosacosβ − sin a sin β)sin a sin β + 1 − 2sin2(a + β)
=2 𝑠i𝑛2β + 4 (cosacosβsin a sin β − sin2asin2β) + 1 − 2(sina cosβ +
cosa sinβ)2
=2 𝑠i𝑛2β + 4 cosacosβsin a sin β − 4sin2asin2β + 1 − 2(sin2acos2β +
2sina cosβsina cosβ+cos2asin2β)
=2 𝑠i𝑛2β + 4 cosacosβsin a sin β − 4sin2asin2β + 1 − 2sin2acos2β −
4sina cosβsina cosβ−2cos2asin2β
=2 𝑠i𝑛2β − 4sin2asin2β + 1 − 2sin2acos2β−2cos2asin2β
=2 𝑠i𝑛2β − 4sin2asin2β + 1 − 2sin2a(1 − sin2β)−2(1 − sin2a)sin2β
=1-2sin2a =cos2a=independent ofβ

80. Draw appropriate graphs.