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Alcohol Detection System in Vehicle Using Arduino

1
Aayush Singh, 2Ruchi Parijat, 3Ujjwal Pratik, 4Ayushi Mainwal, 5Ashish Kumar Gupta

1,2,3,4
Student (ECE), 5Assistant Professor

1,2,3,4,5
Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract- The aim of our research paper is to represent our project which makes human driving safer and to overcome accidents.
This project is developed by integrating alcohol sensor with Arduino board. Arduino processor ATmega328 is able to handle more
functions than conventional microcontrollers. The alcohol sensor used in this project is MQ3 which to detect the alcohol content in
human breath. Since sensor has fine sensitivity range around 2 meters, it can suit to any vehicle and can easily be hidden from the
suspects. This project is fitted inside the vehicle. The project is designed for the safety of people sitting inside the vehicle.

I. INTRODUCTION

Drinking and driving is already a serious public health problem ,which is likely to emerge as one of the most significant problems in
near future .the system implemented by us aims at reducing the road accident in the near future due to drunken and drive . This
paper present the progress in using the alcohol detector ,a device that senses a change in the alcoholic gas content of the surrounding
air these device is more commonly referred to as a breath analysis, as it analysis the alcohol content from person’s breath. The
system detects the presence of alcohol in the vehicle and immediately locks the engine of the vehicle. In this paper we discuss about
driver’s behaviour, safety application & auto theft prevention system [6].

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

In this paper author describes the alcohol detection system for vehicle by using alcohol sensor, GPS and GSM module. [1], In this
paper author discuss about the smart helmet system using alcohol detection for vehicle protection[3].
This paper introduces methods such as alcohol detection, heart beat rate monitoring system and personal identification system and
discuss how they can be implemented to avoid accidents.[4], Instead of using Arduino board in this project they used
microcontroller 16F877A [5].
This paper represents accident vehicle automatic detection system by image processing [8]. In this paper they describe about body
area sensing, alcohol detection craving [9]. In our paper we discuss about the alcohol detection system for vehicle using alcohol
sensor MQ3 and buzzer using Arduino

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Drunken driving is considered as one of the major reason of accidents in worldwide. Drivers under the influence of alcohol shows a
clear failure of perception recognition and vehicle control. So, by this accident occurs.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Alcohol detection in vehicle system is continuously growing over years which could resolve drunken driving accidents worldwide.

III. HARDWARE MODULES

The entire system adopted the Arduino uno microcontroller board (Based on ATMEGA 328 ), the principle of the hardware chart as
shown in fig1. The core functions modules are Arduino uno alcohol sensor module (MQ3), LCD display, buzzer, relay.
ARDUINO:- The arduino board is the central unit of the system. all the components are interface to the board and programmed as per
their functionality to operate in synchronization .
ALCOHOL MODULE:- It is used to sense the alcohol. The analog output of which is applied to the arduino board.
LCD: - If alcohol is detected it displays the message indicating “alcohol detected”.

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Figure1. Hardware Modules

1. ARDUINO BOARD
The arduino board is the central unit of the system. The arduino uno is the microcontroller board based on the ATmega 328. It is a
programmable microcontroller for prototyping electromechanical devices.it has 14 digital inputs/output pins (of which 6 can be
used as PWM output),6 analog inputs , a 16 MHz ceramic resonators the arduino differs from all preceding board is that it does not
use the FTDI USB to serial driver chip.

Figure 2. Arduino Board Discription

FEATURES

Microcontroller ATmega328
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage 7-12V
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328)
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed 16 MHz

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2. ALCOHOL SENSOR (MQ3)
The analog gas sensor- MQ3 is suitable for alcohol detecting, this sensor can be used in a breath analyzer. It has a high sensitivity to
alcohol and small sensitivity to benzene. The sensitivity can be adjusted by the potentiometer sensitive material of MQ3 gas sensor
is SnO2, which with lower conductivity in clean air. When the target alcohol gas exist, the sensors conductivity is higher along with
the gas concentration rising, use of simple electro circuit, convert change of conductivity to correspond output signal of gas
concentration.

Figure 3. Alcohol Sensor

MQ-3 gas sensor has high sensitivity to Alcohol, and has good resistance to disturb of gasoline, smoke and vapour. It has fine
sensitivity range around 2 meters. The sensor could be used to detect alcohol with different concentration; it is with low
cost and suitable for different application.

Sensitivity Adjustment: Resistance value of MQ-3 is difference to various kinds and various concentration gases. So, when using
these components, sensitivity adjustment is very necessary. It is recommended to calibrate the detector for 0.4mg/L (approximately
200ppm) of Alcohol concentration in air and use value of Load resistance that (RL) about 200 KΩ (100KΩ to 470 KΩ). When
accurately measuring, proper alarm point for the gas detector has to be determined after considering the temperature and humidity
influence

Character configuration:
1. Good sensitivity to alcohol gas
2. 2. Circuit is simply driven
3. Low cost and long life
4. Small towards benzene and High sensitivity to alcohol
5. Fast response and high sensitivity and stability and long life.

Specification:

1. Power supply requires 5 volts.

2. Interference type: analog only.
3. Pin specification: 1-output, 2-GND, 3-VCC
4. High sensitivity and fast response.
5. Stable and long life
6. Small towards benzene and High sensitivity to alcohol Simple drive circuit with size:40*20mm

3. GSM MODULE

Liquid crystal display screen is the electronic display module and find a wide ranges of applications. A 16*2 LCD display is very
basic module and it is very commonly use in various devices and circuit. These modules are preferred to seven segments and
other multi segments LEDs. The reason being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable; have no limitation of displaying
special and even custom characters (unlike in 7 segments), animations and so on. A 16*2 LCD means it can display 16
characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in 5*7 pixel matrix. This LCD has 2
registers, namely command and data.

Figure 4. LCD Display

The command registers stores the command instructions given to the LCD. A command is an instruction given to LCD to do a
predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. the data registers stores

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the data to be display on the LCD.

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4. BUZZER

Features:
Figure 5.Buzzer

1. The PS series are high performance buzzers that employ uni-morph piezoelectric elements and are designed for easy incorporation
into various circuits.
2. They feature extremely low power consumption in comparison to electromagnetic units.
3. Because these buzzers are designed for external excitation, the same part can serve as both a musical tone oscillator and a buzzer.
4. They can be used with automated inserters, moisture-resistant models are also available

5. GSM MODULE

GSM GPRS Modules are one of the commonly used communication modules in embedded systems. A GSM GPRS Module is used
to enable communication between a microcontroller (or a microprocessor) and the GSM / GPSR Network. Here, GSM stands for
Global System for Mobile Communication and GPRS stands for General Packet Radio Service.
A GSM GPRS MODEM comprises of a GSM GPRS Module along with some other components like communication interface (like
Serial Communication – RS-232), power supply and some indicators. With the help of this communication interface, we can connect
the GSM GPRS Module on the GSM GPRS MODEM with an external computer (or a microcontroller).
GSM / GPRS Modules allow microcontrollers to have a wireless communication with other devices and instruments. Such wireless
connectivity of microcontroller opens up to wide range of applications like Home Automation, Home Security Systems, Disaster
Management, Medical Assistance, Vehicle Tracking, Online Banking, E – Commerce etc. to name some.
Before going in to the details about the GSM/GPRS Module, we will first see a few basic things like GSM, GPRS, MODEM,
Module and System.

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6 GPS

A GPS tracking unit is a navigation device normally carried by a moving vehicle or person that uses the Global Positioning System
(GPS) to track the device's movements and determine its location. The recorded location data can either be stored within the tracking
unit or transmitted to an Internet-connected device using the cellular (GPRS or SMS), radio, or satellite modem embedded in the unit.
This allows the location to be displayed against a map backdrop either in real time or when analysing the track later, using GPS
tracking software. Data tracking software is available for smartphones with GPS capability.

7. L293D motor driver IC

L293D is a typical Motor driver or Motor Driver IC which allows DC motor to drive on either direction. L293D is a 16-pin IC which
can control a set of two DC motors simultaneously in any direction. It means that you can control two DC motor with a single L293D
IC. It works on the concept of H-bridge. H-bridge is a circuit which allows the voltage to be flown in either direction. As you know
voltage need to change its direction for being able to rotate the motor in clockwise or anticlockwise direction, Hence H-bridge IC are
ideal for driving a DC motor. In a single L293D chip there are two h-Bridge circuit inside the IC which can rotate two dc motor
independently. Due its size it is very much used in robotic application for controlling DC motors. Given below is the pin diagram of a
L293D motor controller.

8. DC MOTOR

A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical machines that converts direct current electrical energy into mechanical
energy. The most common types rely on the forces produced by magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors have some
internal mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction of current flow in part of the
motor.
DC motors were the first form of motor widely used, as they could be powered from existing direct-current lighting power
distribution systems. A DC motor's speed can be controlled over a wide range, using either a variable supply voltage or by
changing the strength of current in its field windings. Small DC motors are used in tools, toys, and appliances. The universal
motor can operate on direct current but is a lightweight brushed motor used for portable power tools and appliances. Larger
DC motors are currently used in propulsion of electric vehicles, elevator and hoists, and in drives for steel rolling mills. The
advent of power electronics has made replacement of DC motors with AC motors possible in many applications.

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IV. SYSTEM FLOW CHART

ADVANTAGES

1. To prevent accident due to drunk and driving.

2. Easy and efficient to test the alcohol content in the body.
3. Quick and accurate results.
4. Helpful for police and provides and automatic safety systems for cars and other vehicles as well.

APPLICATIONS
1. “Alcohol detector project” can be used in the various vehicles for detecting whether the driver as consumed alcohol or not.
2. This project can also be used in various companies or organizations to detect alcohol consumptions of employees.

V. RESULTS & DISCUSSION

When the drunken driver enters in the vehicle alcohol sensor senses the alcohol, therefore buzzer rings and LCD displays
that alcohol is detected as shown in fig.6 and ignition of vehicle automatically turns off by relay. So, by this the purpose of our
project succeeds.

VI. CONCLUSION

We have provided a very effective solution to develop an intelligent system for vehicles for alcohol detection whose core is
Arduino. Since sensor has fine sensitivity range around 2 meters, it can suit to any vehicle and can easily be hidden from the
suspects. The whole system has also an advantage of small volume and more reliability. As the growing public perception is
that vehicle safety is more important, advances in public safety is gaining acceptance than in the past. Future scope of this
system is to control the accidents causes due to alcohol consumption. This system improves the safety of human being. And
hence providing the effective development in the automobile industry regarding to reduce the accidents cause due to alcohol.

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VII. REFERENCES

[1] Lea Angelica Navarro, Mark Anthony Diño, Exechiel Joson, Rommel Anacan, Roberto Dela Cruz Electronics Engineering
Department, Technological Institute of the Philippines- Manila, Philippines-Design of Alcohol Detection System for Car Users thru
Iris Recognition Pattern Using Wavelet Transform[2016 7th International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and
Simulation]

[2] Cahalan, D., I. Cisin, and Crossley, American Drinking Practices: A National Study of Driving Behaviour and Attitudes. 1969,
Rutgers University Press: New Brunswick, NJ.

[3] MUGILA.G, MUTHULAKSHMI.M, SANTHIYA.K, Prof.DHIVYA.P- SMART HELMET SYSTEM USING

ALCOHOL DETECTION FOR VEHICLE PROTECTION[International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and
Technology (IJIRTSE) ISSN: 2395-5619, Volume – 2, Issue – 7. July 2016]

[4] Dhivya M and Kathiravan S, Dept. of ECE, Kalaignar Karunanidhi Institute of Technology- Driver Authentication and Accident
Avoidance System for Vehicles[Smart Computing Review, vol. 5, no. 1, February 2015]

[5] Babor, AUDIT: The alcohol use disorders identification Test: Guidelines for use in primary health care. 1992, Geneva,
Switzerland: World Health Organization.

[6] Lee, Assessing the Feasibility of Vehicle-Based Sensors To Detect Alcohol Impairment. 2010, National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration: Washington, DC.

[7] http://www.arduino.cc/

[8] A. ISuge, H.Takigawa, H.Osuga, H.Soma, K.Morisaki, Accident Vehicle Automatic Detection System By Image Processing
Technology , ©IEEE 1994 Vehiclee Navigation & information Systems Conference

[9] Paul Baskett , Yi Shang , Michael V. Patterson , Timothy Trull , Towards A System for Body-Area Sensing and Detection of
Alcohol Craving and Mood Dvsregulation , © 2013 IEEE.

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