Vitamin C Injections

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Health & Safety at Work Act

The purpose of this act is to promote, stimulate and encourage high standards of health and safety at work. It
protects not only all people at work – whether employers, employees, or self-employed – but also the health and
safety of the general public who may be affected by your work activities.

Main Duties of employers

Employers must safeguard so far as reasonably practicable the health, safety and welfare of the people who
work for them. This also applies in particular to the provision and maintenance of safe systems of work, and
covers all machinery, equipment and products used.

All reasonable precautions must be taken in the use and handling of any substance likely to cause a risk to
health. All storage and transport arrangements should be kept under review.

Employers need to provide any necessary information, instruction and training in safe practices. Consider
specific training needs with particular reference to processes and activities with special instructions.

Provide a safe place of work including safe means of access to and from it. Welfare facilities and arrangements
must be adequate.

Duties to others

An employer must carry out his work in such a way that it does not affect the health and safety of others i.e.
other employees, members of the public.

Duties of employees

All employees must take reasonable care for the health and safety of themselves and of other persons who may
be affected by what they do, or fail to do, at work. This duty implies positive steps to understand the hazards in
the workplace, to comply with safety rules and procedures, and to ensure that nothing they do or fail to do puts
themselves or others at risk.

Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992

The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 cover a wide range of basic health, safety and
welfare issues and apply to most workplaces.

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Under these regulations, an employer must comply with the following -

 Maintenance - the workplace and equipment must be maintained in good condition. Where
appropriate, there must be a planned system of regular maintenance
 Ventilation - enclosed workplaces must be provided with fresh or purified air
 Temperature - a reasonable temperature must be maintained inside the building during working hours.
Thermometers must be provided for staff to consult.
 Lighting - suitable and sufficient lighting must be provided. Natural light should be used where
possible. Emergency lighting must also be provided where necessary
 Cleanliness - the workplace and equipment must be kept clean. Waste should not be allowed to
accumulate (except in suitable receptacles)
 Space - room dimensions should provide sufficient floor area, height and unoccupied space for the
health safety and welfare of the staff
 Workstations - workstations must be suitable for the workers who use them and the work which is
done
 Seating - where work can be done sitting, suitable seating must be provided for each person doing that
work
 Floors - floors should be suitable and not uneven, holed or slippery. They should be kept free from
obstruction or contamination likely to cause slipping. Staircases should normally have a hand-rail
 Falls - precautions should be taken to prevent people from falling or being struck by falling objects.
 Windows - transparent or translucent doors or walls must be made of a safety material or protected
against breakage and must be clearly marked. Opening windows must be safe to use. All windows and
skylights must be designed to allow safe cleaning
 Traffic routes - design must allow safe circulation of pedestrians and vehicles and traffic routes
should be clearly indicated
 Doors and gates - doors and gates must be suitably constructed. Devices should be fitted to keep
sliding doors on their tracks, to prevent upward opening doors from falling back, and to ensure safe
operation of powered doors. Doors which can be pushed from either side should have panes to provide
a clear view of the space around the door
 Escalators - escalators and moving walkways shall be safe in use, and fitted with necessary safety
devices, including emergency stop controls
 Sanitary conveniences - suitable and sufficient toilets shall be provided at readily accessible places.
They must be well ventilated and lit and kept clean. A schedule to the Regulations specifies how many
are needed, depending on the number of workers
 Washing facilities - washing facilities, including showers if needed, with hot and cold water, soap and
hygienic means of drying must be provided
 Drinking water - a supply of drinking water must be provided for all workers at readily accessible
places
 Clothing - accommodation must be provided for storage of a person’s own clothing not worn at work,
work clothing kept at the workplace, and for changing facilities
 Rest and meals - suitable rest facilities must be provided at conveniently accessible places.
Arrangements must be made to protect non-smokers from discomfort from tobacco smoke in rest
rooms and rest areas. Pregnant women and nursing mothers must be given suitable facilities. Facilities
for eating meals must be provided where meals are normally taken at work

Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999

The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 place an obligation on the employer to
actively carry out a risk assessment of the work place and act accordingly. The assessment must be reviewed
when necessary and recorded where there are 5 or more employees. It is intended to identify health and safety

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risks.

The regulations require an assessment of ALL working activities.

The regulations require that certain measures need to be followed:

 avoid risk where possible

 assess risks that cannot be avoided
 combat risks at source
 adapt the working environment of the individual
 use technology to reduce risk
 implement risk prevention measures to form a coherent policy and approach
 give priority to measure that protect the whole workforce rather than one person
 ensure employees understand the control measures
 encourage a positive health and safety culture

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH)

COSHH stands for the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health and includes many chemicals, fumes, dusts
and biological agents. Under the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations there is a requirement

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for employers to control the exposure to these substances in order to prevent ill health in employees and others
who may be exposed.

The effects of exposure to these to these substances can range from minor skin irritations to eye injuries, lung
diseases, cancers and even death. A failure to control exposure can lead to employers facing enforcement action,
loss of business and civil claims.

COSHH Assessments

The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations specify what substances must be controlled.
Suppliers of these substances must provide a safety data sheet for the substance which specifies the hazards and
suggested precautionary measures. These should be referred to when carrying out an assessment under these
regulations.

There are several steps that must be taken when carrying out an assessment under these regulations.
Step 1 - Assess the risks:

Identify the hazardous substances and the risks that they present. Consider how the chemical is used and by
whom. This will allow you to determine how people could be exposed to harm (e.g. inhalation, ingestion, and
skin contact)
Step 2 - Decide what precautions are needed:

Precautions should be considered in the following order and the highest possible on the list adopted.
1. Substituting the substance with a less harmful one
2. Change the process (e.g. eliminate the release of fume)
3. Use a safer form of the substance (e.g. pellets not powder)
4. Enclose the process
5. Provide specific or general ventilation
6. Provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as a last resort (e.g. gloves, masks, goggles)

Step 3 - Prevent or control exposure:

It may be necessary to measure the concentration of substances in the air from time to time to ensure that
employees are not exposed to unacceptable levels of hazardous substances.

Step 4 - Ensure that controls are used and maintained:

Measuring the concentration of substances in the air may also show whether the control measures are working
properly.
Step 5 - Monitor employee exposure:
It may be necessary to monitor individual employee’s exposure to certain substances.
Step 6 - Carry out Health Surveillance:

This is required where employees are working with certain substances and full details are provided in the
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations.

Step 7 - Inform and train employees:

You must ensure that employees understand the risks associated with the substances used, use the control
measures and report any concerns or faults.

Code of practice for Hygiene in Beauty Salons

Hygiene is not so much a set of rules as an attitude of mind and common sense. The stricter the rules, the less
risk there is of error causing complications.

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In the Beauty Industry we are working in a close body contact situation where the risk of cross infection exists
between the client and the therapist, as well as between the clients. Clients have a right to expect that in all such
personal treatments there will be a high standard of hygiene and cleanliness of surfaces and instruments, and the
washing of hands prior to treatment should become second nature.

Remember that there are many infections that afflict client’s, which may not just be of AIDS proportions, but
are nonetheless avoidable.

Hands

The therapist should always ensure that waterproof plasters cover any obvious cuts or abrasions on their hands.
In addition, any obvious cuts or abrasions on the client in areas to be treated must be similarly covered or
additional care taken in cleaning and disinfecting. The therapist should wash their hands before and after
treatment and wear disposable gloves.

Footwear

Clients should wear foot coverings at all times. We recommend that floors be cleaned daily with a cleaner that
destroys protein. The therapist should wear closed shoes as to protect the feet from any accidents such as needle
prick injuries if you were to drop the roller.

Hygiene

Surgical spirit is useful for cleansing skin, instruments and surfaces to remove grease and organic matter. A
concentration of 70% alcohol should be considered minimal for most other purposes. Items such as blankets,
towels and headbands have been commonly used and cleansed by washing, several councils will not allow the
use of material items within the room. Areas that will come into contact with blood should be barrier wrapped
where appropriate. Again, this is not always a recommendation of your local council, however we believe that
the best practice is the only way to remove risk of infection or cross contamination.

Your beauty couch should be wrapped in barrier film. Your trolley should also be covered, or you can use
disposable surgery packs or dentist bibs to put down the items you will be using. Dentist bibs are absorbent on
one side and waterproof on the other. These can then be disposed of straight after the treatment in a biohazard
waste bag.

The Appearance of the Therapist

A beauty therapist should be an example to her trade.

A client will look to her therapist as a professional and this will be reflected not only in how she looks, but also
her attitude and deportment.

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A therapist is a reflection on the company in which she works. If a client does not feel satisfied with the
hygiene of either the therapist or the salon, she is not likely to return.

Overall or uniform:

 Should be worn at all times during working hours.

 Should be clean and smell fresh. Ideally a clean uniform should be worn each day.
 Should not be decorated with anything other than a name badge or that of a professional organization to
which the therapist is a member.
 A disposable apron should be worn for each client to help reduce cross contamination and keep your
uniform clean.

Hair:
 Should be clean and secured off the face.

Nails:
 Should be of a workable length.
 If nail extensions are worn, these should be cleaned underneath every time you wash your hands and
they should be of a decent length and shape so as not to piece your gloves.

Footwear:

 No high heels to be worn for health and safety and comfort reasons.
 You should have closed in back and no peep toes.
 Should be clean. It is good practice to keep a pair of shoes in work and travel to and from work in
outdoor shoes.

Personal Hygiene:

 Deodorant should be worn at all times.

 No heavy perfumes should be worn.
 Smokers must take extra care with their personal hygiene. The smell of cigarette smoke clings to
fingers, clothes and hair. Clients may find this offensive.
 Be aware of fresh smelling breath. If having close contact with a client, avoid garlic and excessively
spicy food the previous night. Face masks also help mask smells and allow you to work at close contact
with your client.

Sterilisation and Disinfecting

Sterilisation: This is the complete destruction or removal of living organisms on an object. Micro-organisms
(bacteria, viruses and fungi) may be destroyed by heat, chemical disinfectants and ultra violet radiation. All
tools must, however, be cleaned to remove grease before disinfection is to take place.

Autoclave: This is similar to a pressure cooker, with the water contained inside it is reaching temperatures of
121 – 134 C. This is the most effective method for the sterilisation of tools within the salon.

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Not all objects can safely be placed in an autoclave; check your tools can withstand the heating process. To
avoid damage to the autoclave, distilled water must be used. Metal tools placed in the autoclave must be of a
good quality to avoid rusting. Take care when removing tools from the autoclave –as they will be very hot.

Glass bead steriliser: Small glass beads are retained in a beaker and heated to a temperature of 190C. Tools
are placed in these beads for 10 minutes. A disadvantage of glass bead sterilizer is that it cannot hold large
items.

UV Steriliser: UV light will only be effective on surfaces that are exposed to the UV light. Tools will
therefore need turning during the process to ensure that all surfaces are thoroughly sterilised. UV sterilisation is
not suitable for brushes.

Disinfection: This is the destruction of micro-organisms, but not usually bacterial spores, reducing the number
of microorganisms to a level, which will not be harmful to health. (Inhibits the growth of micro-organisms)
In most salons, ‘Barbicide’ is a recognised name as a germicide and disinfectant liquid in which tools can be
stored.

Surgical spirit can also be used.

Antiseptic: Is a substance that inhibits the growth of bacteria but not kill the bacteria.

Bacteria: A single cell organism without a nucleus, which produces a compound called a toxin.

Fungus: This is a low form of vegetable life, which includes mushrooms and moulds. Some varieties cause
disease, such as ringworm. A fungi stat will inhibit growth of any fungus while a fungicide will kill fungus
outright.

Virus: A small part of a group of infectious agents. They have the ability to copy themselves outside of a living
host cell. Viruses can be classed as pathogenic – causing disease as opposed to non-pathogenic (not causing
disease)

Infestations: This is the presence of animal parasites, e.g. Mites, ticks or worms, either in the body, clothing or
house.

Ergonomics

Posture is important, whether you are sitting or standing up to do a treatment. Try to find a working position that
is comfortable for you and reduces the need to lean over to just one side.

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Using height adjustable treatment couches and chairs. Choose a height that reduces your need for bending over
the client. Ideally your back should be at a 90-degree angle. Your chair should be comfortable to avoid pressure
point sores or injury.

Try to avoid twisting the neck, keep your head upright and keep your shoulders relaxed.

Never ignore pain, look at ways to alleviate the symptoms. If you cannot take a break during a treatment, then
you can adopt gentle stretching techniques.

Repetitive strain injuries can be caused by using the same movements over and over again. Try to avoid
repetitive flexing of the wrist and instead alternate by bending elbows or shoulders instead. Equipment should
feel comfortable in your hand.

The Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992

This act covers your requirements under the COSHH regulations. You are required to wear or provide to your
employees protective clothing or equipment (PPE) to ensure their health and safety when handling chemicals or
coming into contact with bodily fluids.

What PPE will you need?

 Powder free non latex Gloves that must be changed for each new client.
 Disposable aprons.
 Face Masks
 Eye wear (optional)

Some therapists like to wear eye protection although the risk is very low from spillages or splashes. However, a
new apron, facemask and gloves should be worn before each new client.

The Provisions and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998

Under these regulations all electrical equipment used in your workplace must be suitable for the purpose for
which it is used. Equipment must be properly maintained, and all staff should be trained in the use of the
equipment. These regulations apply to both new and second-hand equipment.

The Environmental Protection Act 1990

Under this act, anyone that disposes of waste has a duty of care to ensure that waste is disposed of safely.
Subjects covered by the Environmental Protection Act 1990 are as follows:

 Waste management
 Noise pollution

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  Neighbourhood pollution
 Radioactive substances
 Genetically Modified organisms
 Nature Conservation

Under the Environmental Protection Act 1990 it is unlawful to deposit, recover or dispose of controlled
(including clinical) waste without a waste management licence, contrary to the conditions of a licence or the
terms of an exemption, or in a way which causes pollution of the environment or harm to human health.
Contravention of waste controls is a criminal offence. Section 34 of the act, places people concerned with
controlled (including clinical) waste under a duty of care to ensure that the waste is managed properly,
recovered or disposed of safely and is only transferred to someone who is authorised to keep it. Householders
are exempt for their own household waste.

Hazardous healthcare waste is subject to the requirements of the Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005. [Extract
taken from Gov.UK website https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-waste 30th June 2014]

All commercial businesses must have a waste removal contract with either the council, or a private waste
removal company. If you produce less than one bin bag full of clinical waste per collection, then you can
dispose of clinical waste such as cotton wool and tissues in with a normal waste collection. If you produce more
than this per collection, then a suitable clinical waste contract must be obtained.

Safe Disposal of Sharps

EU Directive 2010/32/EU on the prevention of sharps injuries in the health care sector. Does it mean anything to
you?

As set out in the Health and Safety Executive the aims of the Directive are as follows:

 To achieve the safest possible working environment

 To prevent workers’ injuries caused by all medical sharps
 To protect workers at risk
 To set up an integrated approach establishing policies in risk assessment, risk prevention, training,
information, awareness raising and monitoring
 To put in place response and follow up procedures.

So how does the EU Directive affect me?

The EU Directive is aimed at employers, requiring them to make appropriate provisions for staff in respect of
the risk of sharps injuries. It is the employer’s duty to ensure the health and safety of workers. The directive
reinforces the need for appropriate levels of training and equipment. A risk assessment must be carried out and
where there is a risk of exposure, employers need to identify how exposure can be eliminated. Where exposure
cannot be eliminated exposure should be prevented through:

 Providing sharps disposal equipment as close as possible to where sharps are being used
 Banning the practice of re-sheathing
 Implementing safe procedures for using and disposing of sharp medical instruments and contaminated
waste
 Eliminating the unnecessary use of sharps

Employers should be aware of their legal duties under existing legislation and the new directive, which
emphasise carrying out risk assessments on the prevention of sharps injuries. There should be a strategic level
commitment to reducing sharps injuries.

Health and safety law is criminal law, and companies can be subject to enforcement action if they fail to comply
with the legal requirements relating to the prevention of sharps injuries.

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According to www.needlestickforum.net 100,000 needle-stick injuries occur each year in the UK 1.

What do I need to know?

 Only one roller/stamp to be used per client.

 Rollers should be disposed of immediately after use.
 Be careful when working on your clients so as not to catch yourself with the needle.
 Your sharps box must be close to hand and ideally wall mounted.
 Sharps boxes must be disposed of as soon as they are three quarters the way full and closed with the
safety seal.
 Have a needle prick procedure policy to hand in case of injury to remind you of what to do.

W.E.E.E. Regulations 2006

Under this act anyone that disposes of waste has a duty of care to ensure that all waste is disposed of
responsibly.

Any chemicals that you may use in a salon will be considered waste. However, most of these may be diluted
with water and often disposed of down the sink. However, you should ask the manufacturer of the best and
correct way of disposal. You can also seek advice and guidance from your local council.

The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations places a duty on Manufacturers, importers and
retailers with regards to safe disposable of products. There is also a duty on salons to ensure that you only
purchase from respectable suppliers and dispose of any unwanted equipment at registered sites which are able to
take electrical waste.
The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005

The Government is committed to regulating only where necessary and in a way that is more suited to the needs
of a modern business. That is why the order was made, under the Regulatory Reform Act 2001. It replaces most
fire safety legislation with one simple order. It means that any person who has some level of control in premises
must take reasonable steps to reduce the risk from fire and make sure people can safely escape if there is a fire.
[Extract from A short guide to making your premises safe from fire]

Your responsibility as an employer:

 Carry out a fire risk assessment for the premises

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  Develop evacuation procedures
 Provide and maintain clear means of escape, signs and notices
 Provide emergency lighting
 Provide fire detection and alarm systems
 Provide adequate means of fighting fires
 Train Staff
 Consult with all staff on the fire procedures.

Types of Fire Extinguishers

There are five classes of fire:

Class A: Fires which involve solids such as paper, wood and hair.
Class B: Fires which involve liquids such as solvents.
Class C: Fires which involve gases such as propane and butane.
Class D: Fires which involves metals.
Class F: Fires which involve hot oil such as cooking oil.

Water

There are Red with a label on that indicates that it can only be used for class A fires. This must not be used on
electrical fires and can cause quite a lot of damage.

Foam

Red extinguisher with a cream label on the front and used for class B fires or small class A fires. These
extinguishers cannot be used on electrical fires and can also cause quite a bit of damage.

Carbon Dioxide

These are Red with a Black label and can be used on all fires especially class B and electrical.

Dry Powder

Red extinguishers with a blue label and can be used on all classes of fires but especially suitable for class B, C
and electrical fires. The big disadvantage to this type of extinguisher is the mess left over from the residual
powder that has to be cleaned up and the powder can also damage other electrical equipment.

Wet Chemical Extinguisher

Red extinguisher with a yellow patch and it used for extinguishing cooking fats and oils.

The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995

These regulations are commonly referred to as RIDDOR and their main purpose is to alert the enforcing
authorities to incidents and causes of ill health that may need further investigation. There second role is to
collate statistics and to assist in the implementation of initiatives to reduce accidents in the work place.
If any of your employees or trainees suffers a personal injury at work that results in either;

 Major Injury
 Death

Then you must contact the Incident Contact Centre on 0845 3009923.

Less serious injuries have to be reported using form F2508 available on the HSE website. Less serious injuries
include:

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  More than 24 hours in hospital
 Incapacity for more than 7 days.

Other incidences that are reportable include:

 A member of the public or client is injured and admitted to hospital.

 Any member of staff that is injured due to an act of violence that is work related.

All records of injuries minor or major must be recorded in your accident book.

Further guidance can be found on the HSE website www.hse.gov.uk/riddor.

Health & Safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981

Your environmental health officer may ask if you have a completed First Aid training. The HSE recommends
that businesses with fewer than 50 staff members should have at least one qualified and appointed First Aider.
First Aid courses can last anything from half a day to 3 days. The half day courses are not usually accredited so
it is highly recommended to at least complete a full days of First Aid training.

These regulations also require that every employer provides equipment or facilities for providing First Aid to
their employees. Even if you do not have employees, having a First Aid Kit to hand when required is good
practice.

A First Aid box and an eye wash station with single use pods should be enough with extra items kept aside for
restocking.

Your First Aid box should contain the following:

Number of Employees 1-5 6-10 11-50

Contents QTY QTY QTY
First Aid Guidance Notes 1 1 1
Individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings 20 20 40
Sterile Eye Pads, with attachment 1 2 4
Sterile triangular bandages 1 2 4
Safety Pins 6 6 12
Medium sized sterile unmedicated dressings 3 6 8
Large sterile unmedicated dressings 1 2 4
Extra Large sterile unmedicated dressings 1 2 4

First Aid boxes must not include any form of medication. Such as Paracetamol or Ibuprofen

Electricity at Work Regulations 1989

The most common causes of accidents in the salon environment include:

 Electrical Fires
 Electrical Shock
 Electrical Burns

There are simple precautions that you can follow to reduce these risks to you and your employees or clients.
The Law requires that electrical equipment should be maintained to prevent danger. Regular checks should be
undertaken on all electrical equipment. This should include:

 Checking that there are no frays or tears in the leads.

 Checking that plugs have no damage or bent pins.

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  Looking for damage to the outer cover of the equipment.
 Looking for any signs of overheating, such as burn marks or stained plugs.
 Check that cables are not trapped under trolleys, seats or furniture.

Annually (or on the 1st anniversary of any new equipment) you should get a Portable Appliance Test (PAT)
done on all your electrical equipment. This may form part of your licencing requirements. PAT testing costs as
little as 30p per item and a sticker will be placed on the item to state whether it has passed or failed the test.

The Local Authority Licencing Application

The registration and bye law requirements vary from council to council. We offer you the best guidance to
ensure a smooth application for any area that you may live. However, it is important that you call the
Environmental Health department and ask them what their requirements are prior to application.

Why should I register?

It is a legal requirement for anyone offering invasive treatments (that break the skin) to register for a Licence
with their Local Authority. More councils are now cracking down on therapists that have not registered, and the
fines can be quite high.

Having a licence and displaying it for your clients to see will only add to your professionalism. Councils are
there to work with you, not against you. Don’t be afraid of speaking to them, they will give you all the advice
you need and allow you to put things in place.

How should I prepare for a council visit?

You should be as prepared as possible for a visit from the council. The following is just a basic list of what they
will expect to see:

The Room

The Environmental Health Officer (EHO) will first want to inspect your room. They will look at what type of
flooring you have. Wipe clean flooring is preferred and they will ask how you clean it and how often. Your
room should be free from curtains, drapes, towels and cushions and anything else such as absorbent woods and
material.

You should have a sink in the room that has hot and cold running water. A soap and towel dispenser is also
handy to have next to the sink and a ‘How to Wash your Hands’ guide. Sinks should be operated by an elbow
lever tap or foot pedal.

Your trolley, mag lamp and beauty couch should be barrier wrapped. You will be asked how often this is
changed (between clients or wiped down with special cleaners). They will expect to see a sharps box close to
hand and usually hanging from the wall.

Your stool should also be wrapped and no trailing wires anywhere in the room. Mag Lamp cables can be clipped
to the wall or taped out of the way or use cable grips to attached loose trailing wires to trolleys. You can
purchase Velcro fasteners from eBay.

The room should be self-contained and have no contamination from spray tans, hair or nails. You should have
adequate ventilation and lighting and changes in floor height clearly marked.

No smoking signs should also be clearly displayed.

Keeping Records

The EHO will ask you to provide a copy of your consultation form and whether or not you keep photographs of
the clients. They may also ask how you store this information and for how long.

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They will also ask to see copies of Medical Safety Data Sheets (MSDS or SDS) for any products or anaesthetics
you may use during the treatment.

They will also want to see how you dispose of your waste and copies of the contract with your waste removal
contract.

Cleaning

The EHO will ask what products you use to clean your work surfaces and floors with and how you use the
product. Make sure you are familiar with how long a product has to be left on for and what PPE you may need
when using such products.

They will also ask how you dispose of derma rollers and other items you use during the treatment. As most are
now disposable it is easy enough to just throw these items away and you will not need to have a cleaning
procedure for these.

Preventing Cross Contamination

Your EHO will want to know how you prevent cross contamination. A few basic points should cover any
questions that she/he may have:

 You protect your trolley with fresh barrier film or dental bibs before every new client.
 You use a new roller for each client and open this up in front of them before starting the procedure.
 Use a new roller for each new client and each new appointment.
 You get out everything you need so you have it to hand, such as wet wipes, cotton wool, dispense the
right amount of anaesthetic into a small pot.
 Wipe down all products after each treatment.
 Use a new pair of powder free latex free gloves on each new client. Make sure you wash hands before
and after putting on or removing gloves.
 You may be required to produce proof of your Hepatitis B Vaccinations.

What else may I be asked?

 The EHO will ask to see what anaesthetics you use and how you use them.
 They will require to see a copy of your aftercare form.
 You may also be asked if and how you perform a patch test for anaesthetic.
 You may be asked what you use post treatment and how this is applied.
 Have you displayed your training certificates?
 They will ask for copies of your liability insurance.
 Proof of your first aid training and if you have spill kits for cleaning up sick or blood.
 Do you have an up to date tetanus.
Effective Cleaning

When working within the beauty industry it is important to ensure high standards of hygiene. This becomes
increasingly more important when you are performing invasive procedures.

Having a good cleaning routine not only protects yourself, but also prevents cross contamination between
clients.

It is best practice to clean your room between clients, with a thorough clean being done at least once a week, if
not more dependent on the amount of how many clients you treat each week.

Cleaning physically removes contamination which includes microorganisms but will not kill all microorganisms
even if the surface look clean.

You can clean all work surfaces using a detergent and warm water. Read the instructions carefully on any
products you use to make sure they won’t damage your work surfaces.

Ultrasonication

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Is a liquid-based method of cleaning that is recommended for some types of metal equipment. The process is
performed in a lidded tank and can clean in between apertures and recesses. The tank of the Ultrasonic cleaner
should be cleaned twice a day and kept clean and dry overnight.

Disinfection
This reduces the number of living microorganisms, but may not necessarily kill all fungi, viruses, bacteria and
spores. Disinfection is not the same as sterilisation. Items or surfaces must be cleaned before disinfection can
occur.

Sterilisation
Sterilisation kills all microorganisms and also bacterial and fungal spores that may survive the disinfection
process. Steam sterilisation is the preferred method of sterilising any equipment you may use as it fast, easy to
use and non-toxic. UV sterilisers and glass bead sterilisers are not considered to be adequate methods of
sterilisation.

Types of cleaning agents

Agent Instruments Skin Work Surfaces
Powder or liquid based detergents that This can be used for No Effective enough to use
are diluted in hot water as per the initial cleaning of on all work surfaces
manufacturer’s instructions. instruments before between clients or at the
disinfection or steam end of the day before
sterilisation disinfection
Bleach or Hypochlorite. On application No No Yes on hard man-made
bleach products must contain minimum work surfaces.
1000ppm available chlorine. For
example from sodium
dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) soluble
tablets.
60-80% alcohol is available as spray or No Yes Yes however the surface
as wipes. must be cleaned
beforehand.
Halogenated Tertiary Amines and Yes but may cause No Yes
quaternary ammonium compounds damage to metal
(e.g. Trigene); these products are surfaces with
available as spray or wipes. prolonged use
Chlorhexidine based products often No Yes No
combined with alcohol such as Hibisol.
Glutaraldehyde based products This substance should never be used on the skin and is an irritant
and Allegan. Exposure is strictly controlled under COSHH. Its use
is not recommended unless appropriate measures are in place.

Blood Bourne Pathogens

What are blood borne pathogens?

Blood borne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. These
pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV). Needle sticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to blood borne pathogens.
Workers in many occupations, including first aid team members, housekeeping personnel in some industries,
nurses and other healthcare personnel may be at risk of exposure to blood borne pathogens.

What can be done to control exposure to blood borne pathogens?

In order to reduce or eliminate the hazards of occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens, an employer
must implement an exposure control plan for the worksite with details on employee protection measures. The
plan must also describe how an employer will use a combination of good work practice and ensure the use of
personal protective clothing and equipment, provide training, medical surveillance, hepatitis B vaccinations, and

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signs and labels, among other provisions. Engineering controls are the primary means of eliminating or
minimizing employee exposure and include the use of safer medical devices, such as the derma pen.
AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Disease:

AIDS is caused by a human immune-deficiency virus (HIV). The virus attacks the body’s natural immune
system and makes it vulnerable to infections, which will eventually cause death. Some people are known to be
HIV positive, which means that they are carrying the virus without any symptoms of AIDS. HIV carriers are
able to pass on the virus to someone else through infected blood or tissue fluid, for example through cuts or
broken skin. The virus does not live for long outside the body

Hepatitis B:

This is a disease of the liver caused by a Virus (HBV) that is transmitted by infected blood and tissue fluids.
The virus is very resistant and can survive outside the body. People can be very ill for a long time with
Hepatitis B infection. It is a very weakening disease, which can be fatal.

Strict hygiene practices are essential to prevent Hepatitis B from spreading in the salon.

Dealing with body fluids:

If blood or body fluids have to be mopped, ensure that disposable gloves, apron and disposable paper are used.
All disposable items should then be placed in a yellow plastic sack and destroyed by incineration.

Neat chlorine bleach should be used as the sterilizing agent on blood spills. The bleach treatment will destroy
the viruses, which will cause AIDS and Hepatitis B.

Gloves

We prefer to use Nitrile gloves when performing derma roller treatments. They fit snugly on the hand like latex
gloves but without the allergy risk.

You should always wash your hands prior to putting on your gloves following the NHS guidelines.
How to properly remove gloves:

1. Using your right hand grasp the rim of the left glove and remove it turning it inside out.
2. Whilst holding onto the glove turned inside out, use your left hand, grasp the rim of your right glove
and pull it off of your hand without touching anything.
3. Dispose of the gloves in your bio-hazard waste bag.
4. Wash your hands following the recommended guidelines

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Rebecca Hancock – FAB Training Academy (Copyright)
 Blood borne and Body Fluid Exposure Policy and Procedures
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS POLICY AND PROCEDURE
HBV IMMUNIZATION AND PREVENTION TRAINING

Before engaging in a treatment where exposure to human blood and/or Other Potentially Infectious Materials
is probable or possible, each student, trainer or therapist must present either evidence of
HBV immunisation against hepatitis B virus disease (HBV) and undergo training to prevent or
minimise exposure. Each person should check with their local GP or Health Clinic about such costs and must
produce evidence of such costs for reimbursement. Students, Trainers or
Therapists who want to forego such immunisation must sign a formal disclaimer statement.

DEFINITIONS
Bloodborne Pathogens‐ pathogenic microorganisms present in the human blood and other body
fluids which can cause disease in humans.

Potentially Infectious Material‐ include:

1. human body fluids including; semen, vaginal secretions, pleural fluid, amniotic fluid,
saliva.
2. anybody fluid/excretion that is contaminated with blood.

Universal Precautions ‐ Strict adherence to standard precautions is required in all treatment

situations.

All staff and students are required to use appropriate personal protective equipment whenever
contact with blood or other infectious material is expected. Personal protective equipment includes but is not
limited to, gloves, masks, aprons, face shields, and eye protection.

WASH HANDS before and after all contact with clients. Consider all blood, visibly bloody secretions
and fluids and genital secretions from ALL CLIENTS to be infectious

GLOVES are required for all anticipated contact with human blood, body fluids, or mucous
membranes.

CHANGE GLOVES and wash your hands after each procedure and before contact with another
Client.

WEAR MASK OR GOGGLES when blood or body fluids may splash into your face.
WEAR WATERPROOF APRONS when blood or body fluids may soak through a cloth gown.
YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE for properly disposing of any sharps or infectious materials you have used in desig
nated containers.
Definition of blood and body fluids (for blood borne pathogens):
 Human blood and blood products
 Semen and vaginal secretions
 Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid, pericardial fluid, amniotic fluid
 Saliva in dental procedures (assume blood contamination)
 Anybody fluid visibly contaminated with blood (especially from spots)

Notice that other body excretions such as saliva, urine, stool, vomitus, and respiratory secretions arenot included
on this list (unless visibly contaminated with blood). However, many of these excretionspresent other infectious
hazards. Bloodborne and Body Fluid Exposure Policy and Procedures
Needle Prick or Cross contamination Procedure
1) Immediately wash wounds and skin sites that have been in contact with blood or body fluids with soap
and water or flush mucous membranes with water. (No evidence exists that using antiseptics for woun
d care or expressing fluid by squeezing the wound further reduces the
risk of Bloodborne pathogen transmission; however, the use of antiseptics is not contra-indicated). Or
After any exposure, the first thing to do under every circumstance is to tend
to the exposure to minimize your contact to blood or body fluid. Wash the area with soap
and water for five minutes, or if a mucosal exposure, rinse with water or saline for five

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 minutes. Any other first aid should be begun as needed, e.g. direct pressure to the wound. DO NOT
irrigate the wound.
2) Immediately inform your Manager or another member of the team.
3) Attend your nearest hospitals Accident and Emergency Department which is XXXXXXXXXX
for care.

Help and Advice Contact Numbers for staff

GUM Clinic Mon – Fri 0000 000 0000 (office Hours)

A & E Hospital 0000 000 0000 24 Hour service
Health protection Agency 0000 000 0000

Anaphylaxis

Some allergies can lead to a severe allergic reaction - known as anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis can be life-
threatening.

Symptoms can occur quickly or within hours following contact with an allergen. Prompt treatment can save a
life. If you have an adrenaline auto-injector - use it immediately.

Common causes
Common causes of anaphylaxis are wasp and bee stings as well as food, such as peanuts, nuts, sesame
seed, fish and shellfish, dairy products and egg. Other causes include latex, penicillin and some other
medications.
For some, fatigue or exercise may cause anaphylaxis - alone or in combination with other triggers like food or
medication. Cold can also be a cause. In rare cases a reaction can occur without apparent cause.

Symptoms

 Itching, especially under the feet, in the hands or on the head

 A stinging feeling in the mouth
 Swelling in the mouth, throat, lips or eyes
 Itching, redness or nettle-rash anywhere on the body
 Dizziness, anxiety, cold sweating
 Abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting
 Shortness of breath or asthma symptoms
 Sudden fatigue, decreased blood pressure or fainting
 Disorientation or loss of consciousness

Critical symptoms: difficulty to breath, mouth and throat swell, sudden fatigue or dizziness, experiencing a
steady worsening of symptoms.

If your client experience these critical symptoms, inject adrenaline immediately. Call 999 and say
“anaphylaxis”.

Treatment

Adrenaline is first line treatment for anaphylaxis. If you have an adrenaline auto-injector - use it
immediately. How adrenaline works

Antihistamine and steroid tablets. Antihistamine reduces hives, itching and irritation. Cortisone reduces the risk
of late onset reactions that can occur some hours following contact with allergens.

Who is at risk of anaphylaxis?

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A person who has previously experienced anaphylaxis - irrespective of cause - is at risk in the future.

If the reaction was caused by peanuts, shellfish or fish, it should not be ignored, even if mild. This is especially
important if the reaction was caused by peanuts. This is also the case for certain drugs, insect stings or latex.
Your doctor will give you essential information and prescribe suitable medication.

When your client suffers from anaphylaxis

 Do not underestimate the severity of an allergic reaction. Use your adrenaline auto-injector according
to its instructions. If in doubt, use your adrenaline auto-injector - it can save their life. Then lay them
down with their legs slightly elevated.
 Call 999 and say “anaphylaxis.” State your name, location and telephone number.
 If possible, someone should wait outside to show the ambulance crew where you are.
 Let ambulance personnel know about the clients medical history and treatment undertaken.

What is Vitamin C

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Vitamin C also known as Ascorbic Acid and Ascorbate, I a vitamin found in various food and sold as a dietary
supplement. It is used to prevent and treat scurvy. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of
tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters. It is required for functioning of several
enzymes and is important for immune system function. It also functions as an antioxidant.

There is some evidence that regular use of supplements may reduce the duration of the common cold, but it does
not appear to prevent infection. It is unclear whether supplementation affects the risk of cancer, cardiovascular
disease, or dementia. It may be taken by mouth or injection.

Vitamin C is generally well tolerated. Large does may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, trouble
sleeping, and flushing of the skin. Normal doses are safe during pregnancy.

Vitamin C has a definitive role of treating scurvy, which is a disease caused by Vitamin C deficiency. Beyond
that, a role for Vitamin C as prevention or treatment for various diseases is disputed, with reviews reporting
conflicting results.

It has been proven that Vitamin C helps to boost the Immune System but does not do this as a stand alone
treatment. Other Vitamins such as B12, Zinc and Magnesium also help in this process.

It is been researched and argued for quite some time that Vitamin C can help prevent cancer. This research is a
little vague and not clinically proven and therefore I would not recommend advertising Vitamin C for this
benefit. Although it has been researched and proven that regular intake of Vitamin C along with other dietary
requirements, you can in fact lower the risk of developing Cancer.

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, with dietary excesses not absorbed, and excesses in the blood rapidly
excreted in the urine, so it exhibits remarkably low acute toxicity.

Vitamin C has several important functions such as:

 Helping to protect cells and keeps them healthy

 Maintaining healthy skin, blood vessels, bones and cartilage
 Helping with wound healing
 Lack of Vitamin C can lead to scurvy, mild deficiencies may occur in people with poor or very
restricted diets

Foods rich in Vitamin C

 Peppers – A portion of red peppers (80g) contains approx. 101mg of vitamin c. Together with their
vitamin A content, which helps maintain eye and skin health, they support the normal function of the
immune system
 Brussel Sprouts – A small portion of about 6 cooked sprouts contain approx. 36mg of vitamin c and
also vitamin K, which is key to blood clotting, and is a source of fibre, folate (vitamin B9) and
potassium
 Orange Juice – A 150ml glass of orange juice has the juice of 1 and a half oranges, vitamin B9,
potassium and is 60 per cent of the daily reference intake of vitamin c. One of your 5 a day, a little
glass has big benefits

Daily Intake of Vitamin C

 Adults aged 19 to 64 need 40mg of Vitamin C per day

 Smokers require more

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What to Administer

 For treating a Vitamin C deficiency, the typical Vitamin C injection dose is 200mg once a day for up to
a week
 For wound healing, the typical Vitamin C injection dose is 1gram once a day for 5-21days
 For off-label use, a wide variety of Vitamin C injection doses have been used. These typically range
from 10-100grams. Doses may be given daily or periodically at different intervals
 Typically, 500mg once per month

Where to Administer Vitamin C

Upper outer quadrant of the buttock (Dorsogluteal site). This is the most popular site for deep Intramuscular
injections, as it is a fairly large muscle it can withstand large and repeated injections.

However the gluteus muscle does have the lowest drug absorption rate. It is vital that this area is correctly
identified as the sciatic nerve and the superior gluteal artery lie in the medial part of the buttock. These
structures can be damaged especially in elderly, emaciated or non-ambulant patient as the muscle mass is likely
to be atrophied.

In mildly obese patient, injection into this area is likely to be into the adipose tissue rather than the muscle,
therefore resulting in a slow absorption of the medication.

Typical volume of medication 2-4ml.

Location – An imaginary line is drawn horizontally across from the top of the cleft of the buttocks to the greater
trochanter of the femur. Another line is drawn vertically midway along the first line. The upper outer quarter or
quadrant is used

Side effects of Vitamin C

 Large doses may cause gastrointestinal disorders including diarrhoea

 Large doses may also result in hyperoxaluria and renal oxalate calculi may form if the urine becomes
acidic
 Doses of 600mg or more daily have a diuretic action. Induced tolerance with prolonged use of large
does can result in symptoms of deficiency when intake is reduced to normal

Rebecca Hancock – FAB Training Academy (Copyright)

Contra- Indications preventing treatment

 Kidney and Liver problems

 Pregnancy, breastfeeding
 Active acute treatment
 Allergy to product
 Discretion of prescriber

Vitamin C is a POM and you will need to work with a prescriber in order to buy

Pabrinex has both ampules of Vitamin C & B in the box.

Treatment Form – Vitamin C Injection

Title (Mr, Mrs, Miss, Ms.): .........

First Name: ...................................... Surname...............................................................

Address:......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Post Code: .......................... Date of Birth.............................................................

Tel: ........................................ Mobile: ....................................................................

E-Mail: .......................................................................................................................................

_____I am voluntarily consenting to the Vitamin C Injection.

_____I understand that the procedure is a nutritional supplement and not a replacement for medical treatment or diagnosis.

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_____I also understand that I may require a series of treatments over the space of 2 weeks, then one injection every 3-4
weeks

_____ I have been informed that treatment can take 1-4 weeks to notice results and a load up dose may be necessary for best
results.

_____I acknowledge that no written or implied verbal guarantee, warranty or assurance has been made to me regarding the
outcome of the procedure.

_____ If symptoms persist or become worse, I agree to seek medical advice as symptoms may be related to other diseases.
_____I understand that the treatment can cause mild to moderate stinging sensation in the treated area that can last up to four
hours.
____ I need to avoid hot baths and showers, saunas, steam rooms and public pools for 48 hours post treatment.
____There is a small risk of infection of the treated skin area after the procedure, although this is not expected to occur due
to the sterility of the medical devices used.
____ Other side effects include, bruising, swelling, hematomas and slight reddening of the area that may be present for up to
7 days.
____ I understand that stopping treatment at any time may cause the original symptoms to return.
____ I understand that individual results may vary, and no guarantees are made in regard to the expected outcomes of this
procedure. I am happy to proceed with this treatment on this basis.

____ I confirm that the treatment and product being used has been explained to me in full and that I am happy to proceed
with the treatment on that basis. I have asked all questions that I may have and received all appropriate aftercare.
____ I understand that I am undertaking this treatment knowing the full facts, side effects, treatment outcomes and
complications and I will not hold the clinic responsible should any issues mentioned above occur.
____ I give full consent to the use of my before and after images for marketing purposes, providing all identifying features
are covered and that there is no way to identify myself from the image. Images will be kept for 6 years and may be used in
the event of a claim being brought against us. They will be stored on a password encrypted hard drive.
____ Under GDPR rule I understand that I have full access to all data held on me. This data will be held by the clinic for no
longer than 6 years for insurance purposes, after which, digital information will be deleted permanently, and paper
documents will be destroyed. All information on myself is kept on password encrypted hard drives or locked in filing
cabinets to which only selective staff members have access. None of my personal data will be sold or used for anything other
than to provide the services of this clinic.

Please ensure you understand the potential complications and personal requirements of the Vitamin C Injection
procedure indicated below and please acknowledge or answer the points and questions:
YES NO
Are you allergic to local anaesthetics, do you have a history of anaphylactic
shock (severe allergic reactions)?
Do you consent to the use of a local anaesthetic?
Do you suffer from any known allergies? If yes, please specify on the next page
of this form.
Have you taken oral retinoids (Roaccutane) in the last 12 months?
Are you using topical retinoids/Vitamin A products?
Do you have active acne with papules or pustules?
Are you taking Aspirin, Warfarin, other anti-coagulant treatments or any other
medication or dietary supplements such as Omega-3 that can affect platelet
function and bleeding time?
Do you have or have you had any form of skin cancer?
Are you taking/receiving steroids, chemotherapy or radiotherapy?

Rebecca Hancock – FAB Training Academy (Copyright)

 Are you taking any other medication? If Yes, please specify on the next page of
this form.
Do you suffer from any illness e.g. diabetes, angina, epilepsy, hepatitis, auto
immune disease?
Do you suffer from keloid or hypertrophic scars?
Do you have a history of herpes simples (cold sores) or other skin infections?
Have you undergone a laser resurfacing or skin peel in the last 6 weeks?
Are you pregnant or is there any possibility that you are pregnant?
Are you pregnant or breastfeeding?
Will you refrain from intensive sunlight exposure and/or artificial UV exposure
for a period of at least 2 weeks?
Will you use topical sun protection products with an SPF 30+ or higher and with
stated UVA/UVB protection on a daily basis with regular applications for the
same period?
Additional comments:

I confirm that to the best of my knowledge that the information that I have supplied is correct and that there is
no other medical information I need to disclose.
I understand that treatments and products is not an exact science and therefore that no guarantee can be given as
to the results of the treatment referred to in this document. I accept and understand that the goal of this treatment
is improvement, not perfection, and that there is no guarantee that the anticipated results will be achieved.
Patient/Client Signature: ................................................................. Date: .......................
Practitioner Signature: ..................................................................... Date: .....................

Date I have read the consent Signature

Treatment No. Date. Needle Batch No. Product Batch No.

Notes: Injection Site:

Next Visit Date:
Administered by:

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 Treatment No. Date. Needle Batch No. Product Batch No.

Notes: Injection Site:

Next Visit Date:
Administered by:

Treatment No. Date. Needle Batch No. Product Batch No.

Notes: Injection Site:

Next Visit Date:
Administered by:

Side Effects

Mild side effects and potential risks, which should be referred to a doctor if they persist or worsen, include:

 pain, redness, or itching at the site of the injection

 mild diarrhoea
 swelling sensation in the body

More serious side effects, which require immediate medical attention, include:

 muscle cramps
 irregular heartbeat
 unusual weakness or tiredness
 swelling of the ankles or feet

Severe reactions are very rare but require emergency intervention. These include:

 itching and swelling of the face, throat, or tongue

 breathing difficulties
 severe dizziness
 sudden vision changes
 slurred speech

Step 1
Thoroughly wash your hands before handling your supplies. Clean hands will limit contamination of the product
and of the injection site. Wear non-latex gloves.

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Step 2
Gather your Vitamin C medication vial, a 5 ml syringe and a 22- to 25-gauge needle that's 1 to 1 1/2 inches
long. The larger-gauge needle is finer than the 22 and will provide the most comfort during the injection. Also,
the needle needs to be long enough to reach the muscle of the person you're injecting.
Step 3
Attach the needle to the syringe. Make sure the needle locks onto the syringe by first inserting then turning it
until it securely locks in place.
Step 4
Prepare the injection. Uncap the Vitamin C vial and wipe the top of it with an alcohol swab. Then draw an
amount of air equal to the volume of your injection into the syringe. For example, if your dose is 1 ml, pull back
the plunger on your syringe to the 5 ml mark. Pick up the vial and insert the needle of the syringe into the vial at
a 90-degree angle. This will prevent coring--the introduction of pieces of the vial's rubber stopper into the vial.
Inject the air into the vial and, after inverting the vial, draw the appropriate volume of Vitamin C solution into
the syringe by pulling back the plunger. Withdraw the syringe and needle from the vial.
Step 5
Choose your injection site. Intramuscular shots to be given as directed on the earlier image. Prepare the injection
site by cleaning it with alcohol.
Step 6
Inject the medication into the muscle by inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle using a quick and smooth
motion. Then depress the plunger, slowly releasing all of the medication into the muscle. Withdraw the needle
and discard it in a sharps container.
Step 7
Apply pressure to the injection site using a cotton ball to reduce bleeding. Apply an adhesive bandage if needed.
Things You'll Need

 Sterile 5 ml syringe
 Sterile 1- to 1 1/2-inch 22- to 25-gauge needle
 Latex gloves
 Alcohol swabs
 Cotton swab
 Adhesive bandage
 Sharps container
Warning
To avoid needle stick injury, never recap the needle

Needles & Syringes

The below Links are working at the time of writing this manual. If the links do not work this
may be because the Needle Brand has been discontinued. In this case, please go to:

www.medisave.co.uk
Type in the search bar:
21g Needle, 23g Needle etc and all the ones available will be shown

21g drawing up Needle

Magento Commerce (medisave.co.uk)

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23g Injection Needle
B D Microlance 3 Needles Blue 23G x 1.25 Inch per 100 (medisave.co.uk)

Syringe
BD Emerald Hypodermic Syringe - Luer Slip Concentric - 5ml x 100 (medisave.co.uk)

CASE STUDY REQUIREMENTS – Certificate will not be issued until we receive the
following:

 Image of your Equipment set up ready to treat (please take the image with your name
on a piece of paper included – see below image as an example)
 Short video of you injecting
 Image of your empty vial (image showing your name as shown below)
 Theory Test Answers (sent within the Zip file)

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