can be established that artificial is what humans have made to simulate something that usually
occurs naturally.
The tricky part then lies within defining intelligence. Some would define the term of AI as the
creation of robots, machines or programs which inhabits what could be seen as similar
intelligent behavior as human have (Tecuci, 2012; Kaplan, 2016). The problem with this
definition is having to measure human intelligence to compare it to that of the robots or
machines inhabiting it. Kaplan (2016) instead states that his own personal interpretation of
intelligence would be that it is “the ability to make appropriate generalizations in a timely
fashion based on limited data” (p.5). Many other more informal definitions of intelligence
include it being when something has the ability to think, plan, have knowledge, adapt to
environment or retrieve information (Legg & Hutter, 2007). It could also be the ability to
understand data and from that make decisions based on the data as well as the situation at hand
(Ved, Kaundanya & Panda, 2016). As an example, it could be that a program can learn how to
play games such as tic-tac-toe, or how to recognize individual faces or compose music - then it
is artificial intelligence (Kaplan, 2016). For the purpose of this study, AI is defined as the ability
of such things as machines to learn, interpret and understand on their own in a similar way to
that of humans.
There are many areas where AI can be implemented and it can take place in many different
forms. For an example, it can be as a machine, robot, computer program or software (Tecuci,
2012). Some of the technological areas in which AI have expanded to is robotics, processing of
natural language, expert systems as well as automated reasoning (Ved et al. 2016). Furthermore,
according to Ved et al. (2016) there is five different main areas of implementation of AI which
are firstly interpretation of language, secondly machine perceptions, thirdly problem solving,
fourth robotics and lastly games. These implementation areas are also further supported by
Tecuci (2012) who have knowledge acquisition, natural language and robotics as some key
areas for AI.
2.4 Online recruitment
During the past years the HRM field has been strongly affected by technological advancements,
especially the Internet have largely impacted the overall functioning of HRM in organizations.
Online recruitment, that can also be called as e-recruitment, has been an enormous trend in
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