RisingHF Ho To Use LoRaWAN Modem
AN01571
How To Use RisingHF’s LoRaWAN Modem
V0.5
Document information
Info Content
LoRaWAN, IoT, Point to Point, Custom, full-duplex
Keywords RHF76-52AM, RHF76-52AN, RHF3M076
This document shows customer how to use LoRaWAN
Abstract
Modem
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RisingHF Ho To Use LoRaWAN Modem
Content
Content .................................................................................................................................................. 2
1 Preface ............................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Requirements ..................................................................................................................................... 2
3 Quick Start .......................................................................................................................................... 2
3.1 ABP mode .................................................................................................................................... 2
3.2 OTAA mode ................................................................................................................................. 4
3.3 Application with Custom data rate ................................................................................................ 5
3.4 Application with Full-duplex gateway ............................................................................................ 6
3.5 Downlink ...................................................................................................................................... 7
3.6 Point to Point communication with LoRa ...................................................................................... 7
3.7 Others important commands ........................................................................................................ 8
3.7.1 Select CLASS of LoRaWAN .................................................................................................. 8
3.7.2 Set to SLEEP mode ............................................................................................................... 9
3.7.3 Get Help from Modem ............................................................................................................ 9
3.7.4 Set to factory default configuration ....................................................................................... 10
3.7.5 Firmware upgrade ................................................................................................................ 10
Revision ............................................................................................................................................... 11
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1 Preface
This document shows user how to make quick test with LoRaWAN modem, include how to configure
the modem, detailed explanation of key parameters, how to add node to server, how to add device to
server etc.
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RisingHF Ho To Use LoRaWAN Modem
2 Requirements
There are 3 kinds of LoRaWAN modem in RisingHF’s product family now, which all are based on the
RisingHF's RHF76-052 module and supports the same AT commands set.
RHF76-052AM — UART AT command, UART bootloader
RHF76-052AN — UART AT command, USB CDC bootloader
RHF3M076 — USB CDC AT command, USB CDC bootloader.
Compare to RHF76-052AM/RHF76-052AN module, RHF3M076 is full function plug&play device, with
which use could make quick test and analysis for any LoRaWAN network.
In addition to the modem, a Host PC or MCU is needed to send the AT command to control the modem.
Consider to firmware upgrade, user will need an extra open source tool ExtraPutty. Refer to RisingHF’s
Doc UM01518 to know the details
UART configuration: "9600, 8, n 1" (8 bits data, no parity, 1 stop bit)
3 Quick Start
Thanks to the high performance in both LoRaWAN network and Point to Point application, RisingHF’s
LoRa modem is very suitable for long range long battery life application. Customer could use it to join a
existed LoRaWAN network with ABP or OTAA mode, or just use it to achieve point to point application.
1) To participate in a LoRaWAN network, each end-device has to be personalized and activated.
Activation of an end-device can be achieved in two ways, either via Over-The-Air Activation
(OTAA) when an end-device is deployed or reset, or via Activation By Personalization (ABP)
in which the two steps of end-device personalization and activation are done as one step.
2) To achieve Point to Point application, the device should be configured to TEST mode first by AT
command. You can use two modems to communicate with each other, or you could use
RisingHF’s modem to communicate with others LoRa device.
Refer the table below about relationship of key, ID, EUI and mode:
Mode ID/EUI Key
ABP DevAddr NwkSKey, AppSKey
OTAA AppEUI, DevEUI AppKey
Table 3-1 ABP and OTAA mode ID/EUI/Key
3.1 ABP mode
With ABP mode, the NwkSKey and AppSKey are needed to be known in advance. Please check these
two keys with the server.
Please follow up the command list below when power up the device in the first time:
AT+RESET //AT command to modem from HOST// //Reset the modem when power up//
+RESET: OK
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LoRaWAN AT Modem
+VER: 1.9.1 // Message return back to HOST follow AT command //
AT //Sent command “AT” to double check the interface between HOST and SLAVE//
+AT: OK
AT+ID //Check ID of the device//
+ID: DevAddr, 01:72:f4:d2
+ID: DevEui, 47:36:54:9f:00:2e:00:55
+ID: AppEui, 52:69:73:69:6e:67:48:46
AT+ID=DevAddr,"01 02 03 04" //Set the new DevAddr//
+ID: DevAddr, 01:02:03:04
AT+DR=EU868 //Configure to LoRaWAN EU band, there are EU868, US915 and custom data rate scheme//
+DR: EU868
AT+CH=0,868.1,DR0,DR5 //Set Channel 0 to 868.1MHz, date rate from DR0 to DR5//
+CH: 0,868100000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=1,868.3,DR0,DR5 //Set Channel 1 to 868.3MHz, date rate from DR0 to DR5//
+CH: 0,868300000,DR0:DR5
… //16 channels could be configured totally, from 0 to 15, please check the maximum channels the gateway can support//
AT+RXWIN2=869.525,DR3//Set the parameters of RXWIN2. Please check the RXWIN2 with server, wrong RXWIN2 will
cause downlink lost//
// You can also use SF and Bandwidth to configure RXWIN2. For example, AT+RXWIN2=434.9,SF9,250 //
+RXWIN2: 869525000,DR3
AT+DR=DR0 //Set the default date rate of the device//
+DR: DR0
AT+POWER=14 //Set default output power to 14dBm(1)//
+POWER: 14
AT+ADR=ON //Set ADR ON, you could also set to OFF//
+ADR: ON
AT+KEY=NwkSKey,"2B 7E 15 16 28 AE D2 A6 AB F7 15 88 09 CF 4F 3C" //Use the NwkSKey used in your network
instead//
+KEY: NWKSKEY 2B 7E 15 16 28 AE D2 A6 AB F7 15 88 09 CF 4F 3C
AT+KEY=AppSKey,"2B 7E 15 16 28 AE D2 A6 AB F7 15 88 09 CF 4F 3C" //Use the AppSKey used in your network
instead//
+KEY: APPSKEY 2B 7E 15 16 28 AE D2 A6 AB F7 15 88 09 CF 4F 3C
AT+CLASS=A //set to Class A mode//
+CLASS: A
AT+CMSGHEX="00 ff 22 33 5f 88 01 98 ad ac 46 12 be 43 54 43 35 45 33 45 44 35 33 54 5 43" //Now you can
send message to Gateway. 4 kinds of command could be used to transmit: AT+MSG, AT+CMSG, AT+MSGHEX,
AT+CMSGHEX//
+CMSGHEX: Start LoRaWAN transaction
+CMSGHEX: TX "00 FF 22 33 5F 88 01 98 AD AC 46 12 BE 43 54 43 35 45 33 45 44 35 33 54 05 43"
+CMSGHEX: Wait ACK
+CMSGHEX: ACK Received
+CMSGHEX: PORT: 12; RX: "11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 00"
+CMSGHEX: RXWIN1, RSSI -82, SNR 10.25
+CMSGHEX: Done
Note:
(1) For RisingHF’s modem with prat number RHF76-052AM, RHF76-052AN and RHF3M076, the output
power is 20dBm max @434MHz/470MHz, 14dBm max @868MHz/915MHz. If you have different
requirements, please contact [email protected]
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3.2 OTAA mode
With OTAA mode, AppKey and AppEui are needed. You should check the AppKey and AppEui with the
server first.
Please follow up the step below when power up the device in the first time:
AT+RESET //AT command to modem from HOST// //Reset the modem when power up//
+RESET: OK
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LoRaWAN AT Modem
+VER: 1.9.1 // Message return back to HOST follow AT command //
AT //Sent command “AT” to double check the interface between HOST and SLAVE//
+AT: OK
AT+ID //Check ID of the device//
+ID: DevAddr, 01:72:f4:d2
+ID: DevEui, 47:36:54:9f:00:2e:00:55
+ID: AppEui, 52:69:73:69:6e:67:48:46
AT+ID=DevEui,"47 36 54 9f 00 2e 00 55" //Set the new DevEui//
+ID: DevEui, 47:36:54:9f:00:2e:00:55
AT+ID=AppEui,"52 69 73 69 6e 67 48 46" //Set the new AppEui//
+ID: AppEui, 52:69:73:69:6e:67:48:46
AT+DR=EU868 //Configure to LoRaWAN EU band, there are EU868, US915 and custom data rate scheme//
+DR: EU868
AT+CH=0,868.1,DR0,DR5 //Set Channel 0 to 868.1MHz, date rate from DR0 to DR5//
+CH: 0,868100000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=1,868.3,DR0,DR5 //Set Channel 1 to 868.3MHz, date rate from DR0 to DR5//
+CH: 0,868300000,DR0:DR5
… //16 channels could be configured totally, from 0 to 15, please check the maximum channels the gateway can support//
AT+RXWIN2=869.525,DR3//Set the parameters of RXWIN2. Please check the RXWIN2 with server, wrong RXWIN2 will
cause downlink lost//
// You can also use SF and Bandwidth to configure RXWIN2. For example, AT+RXWIN2=434.9,SF9,250 //
+RXWIN2: 869525000,DR3
AT+DR=DR0 //Set the default date rate of the device//
+DR: DR0
AT+POWER=14 //Set default output power to 14dBm//
+POWER: 14
AT+ADR=ON //Set ADR ON, you could also set to OFF//
+ADR: ON
AT+KEY=AppKey,"2B 7E 15 16 28 AE D2 A6 AB F7 15 88 09 CF 4F 3C" //Use the AppKey used in your network
instead//
+KEY: APPKEY 2B 7E 15 16 28 AE D2 A6 AB F7 15 88 09 CF 4F 3C
AT+CLASS=A //set to Class A mode//
+CLASS: A
AT+Join //Join command//
+JOIN: Starting
+JOIN: NORMAL, count 1, 0s, 0s
+JOIN: Network joined
+JOIN: NetID 000024 DevAddr 48:00:00:01
+JOIN: Done
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AT+CMSGHEX="00 ff 22 33 5f 88 01 98 ad ac 46 12 be 43 54 43 35 45 33 45 44 35 33 54 5 43" //Now you can
send message to Gateway. 4 kinds of command could be used to transmit: AT+MSG, AT+CMSG, AT+MSGHEX,
AT+CMSGHEX//
+CMSGHEX: Start LoRaWAN transaction
+CMSGHEX: TX "00 FF 22 33 5F 88 01 98 AD AC 46 12 BE 43 54 43 35 45 33 45 44 35 33 54 05 43"
+CMSGHEX: Wait ACK
+CMSGHEX: ACK Received
+CMSGHEX: PORT: 12; RX: "11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 00"
+CMSGHEX: RXWIN1, RSSI -82, SNR 10.25
+CMSGHEX: Done
3.3 Application with Custom data rate
Except that EU868 and US915 data rate scheme, RisingHF modem also support custom data rate scheme. This need
customer know deeply in LoRa and LoRaWAN before define a custom data rate scheme.
For example,
AT+DR=custom
+DR: CUSTOM
AT+DR=Scheme
+DR: CUSTOM
+DR: CUSTOM DR0 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR1 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR2 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR3 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR4 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR5 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR6 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR7 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR8 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR9 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR10 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR11 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR12 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR13 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR14 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR15 RFU
AT+DR=Custom,DR0,SF10,125
+DR: CUSTOM DR0 SF10 BW125K
AT+DR=Custom,DR1,SF9,125
+DR: CUSTOM DR1 SF9 BW125K
AT+DR=Custom,DR2,SF8,125
+DR: CUSTOM DR2 SF8 BW125K
AT+DR=Custom,DR3,SF7,125
+DR: CUSTOM DR3 SF7 BW125K
AT+DR=Custom,DR4,SF7,500
+DR: CUSTOM DR4 SF7 BW500K
//Here we define DR0 to DR4 totally 5 kinds of data rate different from LoRaWAN definition. Note that both GW and Node
should follow this rule when in custom data rate definition//
AT+DR=Scheme //Check the data rate scheme again//
+DR: CUSTOM
+DR: CUSTOM DR0 SF10 BW125K
+DR: CUSTOM DR1 SF9 BW125K
+DR: CUSTOM DR2 SF8 BW125K
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+DR: CUSTOM DR3 SF7 BW125K
+DR: CUSTOM DR4 SF7 BW500K
+DR: CUSTOM DR5 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR6 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR7 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR8 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR9 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR10 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR11 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR12 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR13 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR14 RFU
+DR: CUSTOM DR15 RFU
3.4 Application with Full-duplex gateway
A gateway support full-duplex, which means that there is a frequency shift for downlink and uplink of
gateway. With AT+RXWIN1 and AT+RXWIN2 command, RisingHF modem could achieve this easily to
support full-duplex gateway. In default, the frequency shift in RXWIN1 is off, that the downlink use the
same frequency as the uplink in RXWIN1. If you want to shift a frequency offset, then use
“AT+RXWIN1=ON” to set to ON.
For example, uplink use 8 channels: 471.5MHz, 471.7MHz, 471.9MHz, 472.1MHz, 472.3MHz,
472.5MHz, 472.7MHz and 472.9MHz; downlink use another 8 channels with a fixed shift frequency,
10MHz for example, i.e. 481.5MHz, 481.7MHz, 481.9MHz, 482.1MHz, 482.3MHz, 482.5MHz,
482.7MHz and 482.9MHz. You can configure the modem like below:
AT+CH=0,471.5,DR0,DR5 //Set the uplink channel and data rate//
+CH: 0,471500000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=1,471.7,DR0,DR5
+CH: 1,471700000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=2,471.9,DR0,DR5
+CH: 2,471900000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=3,472.1,DR0,DR5
+CH: 3,472100000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=4,472.3,DR0,DR5
+CH: 4,472300000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=5,472.5,DR0,DR5
+CH: 5,472500000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=6,472.7,DR0,DR5
+CH: 6,472700000,DR0:DR5
AT+CH=7,472.9,DR0,DR5
+CH: 7,472900000,DR0:DR5
AT+RXWIN1=ON //Enable the RXWIN1 configuration command//
+RXWIN1: ON
AT+RXWIN1=0,481.5 //set downlink frequency channel in RXWIN1 to achieve full-duplex of the gateway//
+RXWIN1 0,481500000
AT+RXWIN1=1,481.7
+RXWIN1 1,481700000
AT+RXWIN1=2,481.9
+RXWIN1 2,481900000
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AT+RXWIN1=3,482.1
+RXWIN1 3,482100000
AT+RXWIN1=4,482.3
+RXWIN1 4,482300000
AT+RXWIN1=5,482.5
+RXWIN1 5,482500000
AT+RXWIN1=6,482.7
+RXWIN1 6,482700000
AT+RXWIN1=7,482.9
+RXWIN1 7,482900000
//Now the modem could support the full-duplex gateway with the RXWIN1 with shift frequency channel//
3.5 Downlink
LoRaWAN modem is bidirectional device, so downlink could be received if server transmits. In
LoRaWAN Class A mode, two receive windows will be opened to receive downlink from server,
however LoRaWAN Class C device could receive downlink from server at almost any time. Following
example shows how modem reports received downlink message.
Example: (CMSG)
+CMSG: Start LoRaWAN transaction
+CMSG: TX "RisingHF"
+CMSG: Wait ACK
+CMSG: ACK Received
+CMSG: PORT: 5; RX: "14 54 54"
+CMSG: RXWIN2, RSSI -88, SNR 13.5
+CMSG: Done
Example: (Class C)
+CMSG: ACK Received
+CMSG: PORT: 5; RX: "14 54 54"
+CMSG: RXWIN2, RSSI -88, SNR 13.5
Class C downlink will use last message command (MSG/CMSG/MSGHEX/CMSGHEX) as its prompt
symbol. Could be any of below cases.
+MSG: PORT: 5; RX: "14 54 54"
+CMSG: PORT: 5; RX: "14 54 54"
+MSGHEX: PORT: 5; RX: "14 54 54"
+CMSGHEX: PORT: 5; RX: "14 54 54"
3.6 Point to Point communication with LoRa
RisingHF’s modem not only supports the LoRaWAN stack, but also could be as normal LoRa
transceiver controlled via AT command.
a) As Transmitter
AT+RESET //AT command to modem from HOST// //Reset the modem when power up//
+RESET: OK
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LoRaWAN AT Modem
+VER: 1.9.1 // Message return back to HOST follow AT command //
AT //Send command “AT” to double check the interface between HOST and SLAVE//
+AT: OK
AT+Mode=Test//Set to test mode first//
+MODE: TEST
AT+TEST=RFCFG,472.3,8,250,8,8,20 //Configure the modem,like Freq, SF, BW, Preamble length, TX output power//
+TEST=RFCFG,472.3,8,250,8,8,20
(2)
AT+TEST=TXLRPKT ,"00 00 01 00 00 AF 80 07 02 00 00 39"//You could now transmit packet now//
+TEST: TXLRPKT "00 00 01 00 00 AF 80 07 02 00 00 39 "
+TEST: TX DONE
Note:
(2) There are two kinds of commands for packet transmit: AT+TEST=TXLRPKT used to transmit packets in
HEX format; AT+TEST=TXLRSTR used to transmit packets in string.
b) As Receiver
AT+RESET //AT command to modem from HOST// //Reset the modem when power up//
+RESET: OK
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LoRaWAN AT Modem
+VER: 1.9.1 // Message return back to HOST follow AT command //
AT //Send command “AT” to double check the interface between HOST and SLAVE//
+AT: OK
AT+Mode=Test//Set to test mode first//
+MODE: TEST
(3)(4)
AT+TEST=RFCFG,472.3,8,250,8,8,20 //Configure the modem,like Freq, SF, BW, Preamble length//
+TEST=RFCFG,472.3,8,250,8,8,20
AT+TEST=RXLRPKT //Set to LoRa Rx continues mode//
+TEST: RXLRPKT
+TEST: LEN:12, RSSI:-101, SNR:6
+TEST: RX "00 00 01 00 00 AF 80 07 02 00 00 39"//Return the message in HEX if receive a packet//
Note:
(3) Preamble length of RX should be equal to or bigger than TX
(4) When SF11 and SF12, the low data optimization would be ON for both TX and RX; others would be OFF.
3.7 Others important commands
3.7.1 Select CLASS of LoRaWAN
AT+CLASS=A // Enable Class A mode, this is the default configuration when power on in the first
time
+CLASS: A
AT+CLASS=C // Enable Class C mode//
+CLASS: C
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Note: After Class C mode is enabled, at least one message needs to be transmitted to make
LoRaWAN stack open extra RX window (RXWIN2)!!!
3.7.2 Set to SLEEP mode
AT+LOWPOWER //Set to Sleep mode//
+LOWPOWER: SLEEP
AT //Wake up when in Sleep mode//(5)
+LOWPOWER: WAKEUP
Note:
(5) Any AT command could wake up the device. So when you want to operate the device, use “AT”
command as the first one to wake up. Then followed with the real operation command.
3.7.3 Get Help from Modem
a) Get Help in normal mode (ABP or OTAA mode)
AT+HELP //Get Help list//
+HELP: OK
AT -- AT Ping
HELP -- Print command list
FDEFAULT -- Factory data reset
RESET -- Software reset
DFU -- Bootloader mode
LOWPOWER -- Enter sleep mode
VER -- Version
MSG -- Unconfirmed
MSGHEX -- Unconfirmed (HEX)
CMSG -- Confirmed
CMSGHEX -- Confirmed (HEX)
CH -- Set channel
ADR -- ADR ON/OFF
DR -- Set datarate
REPT -- MSG/MSGHEX repetition
POWER -- TX power
RXWIN1 -- RX window1
RXWIN2 -- RX window2
PORT -- TX port
MODE -- LWABP/LWOTAA/TEST
ID -- DevAddr/DevEui/AppEui
KEY -- NWKSKEY/APPSKEY/APPKEY
CLASS -- Class(A/B/C)
JOIN -- OTAA Join request
TEST -- Test commands
UART -- UART configure
DELAY -- RX window delay
b) Get help in Test mode
AT+MODE=TEST //Set to TEST mode first//
+MODE: TEST
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AT+TEST=HELP //Get HELP list in TEST mode//
+TEST: HELP
STOP -- AT+TEST=STOP
HELP -- AT+TSET=HELP
TXCW -- AT+TEST=TXCW
TXCLORA -- AT+TEST=TXCLORA
RFCFG -- AT+TEST=RFCFG,[F],[SF],[BW],[TXPR],[RXPR],[POW]
RXLRPKT -- AT+TEST=RXLRPKT
TXLRPKT -- AT+TEST=TXLRPKT,"HEX"
TXLRSTR -- AT+TEST=TXLRSTR,"TEXT"
RSSI -- AT+TEST=RSSI,F,[CNT]
LWDL -- AT+TEST=LWDL,TYPE,DevAddr,"HEX",[FCNT],[FPORT],[FCTRL]
3.7.4 Set to factory default configuration
AT+FDefault=RisingHF //Reset LoRaWAN AT modem to factory default configuration.//
+FDEFAULT: OK
Note: This command would reset all the configurations to factory default, like frequency channel, data
rate, output power and so on.
3.7.5 Firmware upgrade
RisingHF’s modem use a tool called ExtraPuTTY to upgrade the firmware ,with the baud rate
115200bps.There are two ways to access into firmware upgrade mode.
1st, Hardware trigger way
Keep “LOW” for pin14 of RHF76-052 module (GPIO_PA15) when power on the device. The two LEDs
(connected to pin16 GPIO_PB4 and pin21 GPIO_PB5 of the module) would blink means boot loader is
ready to upgrade FW.
2nd, Software trigger way
AT+DFU=on //Set to DFU mode//
The two LEDs (connected to pin16 GPIO_PB4 and pin21 GPIO_PB5 of the module) would blink means
boot loader is ready to upgrade FW.
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Revision
V0.5 2015-12-03
+ Sync to firmware v1.9.2.
+ Add custom data rate scheme part
+ Add full-duplex application part
V0.4 2015-09-12
+ fix typo.
V0.3 2015-09-12
+ Downlink, fix typo.
V0.2 2015-09-11
+ Update ABP, OTAA and Point to point mode
V0.1 2015-06-07
+ Initial
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