5.1 5.

2 Metals and non-metals

0:04
Today our lesson is about the properties of materials.

0:08
In this lesson, we are going to discuss the main properties of metals and non metals, and in the
following lesson, we are going to compare between them.

1:57
Our main objectives in this lesson 5.1 are to list the properties of metals, to list the properties of non
metals, to learn about some uses of metals, and about some uses of non metals as well.

2:14
To begin with, you will start with the properties of metals.

2:22
Firstly, our first property of metal is that they are shiny when they are freshly cut or polished, for
example, gold.

2:36
In the next place, metals are known to be malleable, and by malleable we mean that metals can be
bent to shave them.

2:46
They can be hammered like iron.

2:54
Also, metals have the property of ductility, so metals are ductile.

3:01
When we say ductile, we mean that metals can be drawn into wires, like copper.

3:06
In addition, metals are known to be sonorous, and sonorous comes from sound, which means that
metals make a ringing sound like a bell when they are hit.

3:31
Also, some metals are known to be magnetic, like iron, steel, cobalt, nickel, and others.

3:41
And by magnetic of course you know they are attracted to a magnet are conductors.
3:55
By conductors you mean that they can both conduct steam, so they are heat conductors, and
electricity so they are electric inductors.

4:05
For example, steel is a heat conductor, it can conduct heat.

4:11
And on the other hand, copper is an electric conductor.

4:14
That's why it's used in wires and electric wires.

4:22
Metals usually have a high melting point and even higher boiling points.

4:28
They are strong and tough and they do not shatter or break easily when dropped.

4:37
A fun fact that I want you to know, my dear students, is that is that mercury is the only metal which is
liquid at a room temperature, and that's because of a property that mercury has, which is its melting
point.

4:56
So to recap, the main properties of metals are that they are shiny, malleable, ductile, sonorous,
magnetic conductors of heat and electricity mainly.

5:10
The properties of nonmetals are quite different than metals, so we're going to take the properties of
nonmetals in detail as well.

5:27
Nonmetals are often very useful because of the chemical reactions they have with other substances.

5:33
However, there's a lot of variation between nonmetals to begin with.

5:47
And unlike metals, non metals are dull, which means they do not reflect light like metals.

5:55
Also they are brittle, which means if you drop them, they can shatter easily.

6:07
Also unlike metals, non metals are known to be insulators, which means they do not conduct
electricity.

6:16
That's why we use nonmetals in coverings for electric plugs and cables to insulate electricity to
prevent electrocution.

6:32
Also when we say insulators we mean also that nonmetals cannot conduct heat as well.

6:43
Many nonmetals or gases, for example helium, oxygen, there are a lot of properties shared between
non metals.

7:04
We have many non metals that have low boiling points and low melting points as well.

7:11
Non metals also are not hard bearing as metals and many non metals as we said are gases, for
example chlorine.

7:21
Chlorine is a gas.

7:25
Diamond is an exception for this rule.

7:29
For example, diamond is not a non metal, it's made from carbon mainly, but it has a very high melting
point.

7:47
Now as we just planned the different properties of metals and non metals, we'll be able to compare
between them.

7:54
And by compare, we mean to list the main similarities and differences as well.

8:05
Objectives of this lesson are to compare the properties of metals and non metals that we just
discussed together, to find relevant information, to answer questions, to investigate materials and
decide whether they are metals and non metals based on properties, and to have fun in our activities.

8:28
Here we can see together a table of comparison between metals and non metals.
8:33
Mainly, properties of metals are different than those of nonmetals.

8:38
So, to begin with, most of metals are solids at room temperature.

8:44
On the other hand, most of nonmetals are gases.

8:48
At room temperature.

8:51
Metals are shiny, whereas nonmetals are dull.

8:59
Moreover, metals do not chatter, they are usually hard.

9:04
On the other hand, nonmetals can be drawn easily or brittle, can be shattered when dropped.

9:14
Metals conduct heat 12.

9:17
That's why they are good conductors of heat.

9:21
On the other hand, nonmetals do not conduct heat 12.

9:25
We said that nonmetals are insulators.

9:29
Also, metals are good conductors of electricity, whereas nonmetals are not good conductors of
electricity.

9:38
They are usually insulators of heat and electricity.

9:46
Actually, some properties are restricted to metals are not shared by nonmetals.

9:53
For example, the properties of metals being Synovus malleable.
9:59
I want to remind you that malleable meant being able to draw or to be drawn into shapes.

10:05
Also, the property of metals being ductile, which means the ability of metals to be drawn into wires
are not shared by non metals.

10:14
So we can't simply say that metals are ductile whereas non metals are not ductile.

10:20
Metals are malleable whereas non metals are not malleable.

10:25
Metals are also sonorous, whereas non metals are not.

10:29
So in comparing these properties between letters or nonmetals, nonmetals do not have them up to
here.

10:40
We have reached the end of our lessons.

10:42
Thank you for attending and best of luck my dear students of Grade 6.